characteristics.text: ERC000015
characteristics.characteristic: ENA-CHECKLIST
characteristics.text: 2014-12-31T17:01:28Z
characteristics.characteristic: ENA-FIRST-PUBLIC
characteristics.text: 2016-10-21T09:36:09Z
characteristics.characteristic: ENA-LAST-UPDATE
characteristics.text: SAMEA2482535
characteristics.characteristic: External Id
characteristics.text: MPIEVB
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC center name
characteristics.text: 2014-12-31T17:01:28Z
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC first public
characteristics.text: 2016-10-21T09:36:09Z
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC last update
characteristics.text: public
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC status
characteristics.text: ERS445896
characteristics.characteristic: SRA accession
characteristics.text: 139
characteristics.characteristic: Submitter Id
characteristics.text: 28
characteristics.unit: year
characteristics.characteristic: age
characteristics.text: 4A_cdna
characteristics.characteristic: anonymized name
characteristics.text: 22.46003435
characteristics.characteristic: body mass index
characteristics.text: mucosa
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344
characteristics.characteristic: body product
characteristics.text: Sigmoid colon
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001159
characteristics.characteristic: body site
characteristics.text: ChimeraSlayer; Usearch 4.1 database
characteristics.characteristic: chimera check
characteristics.text: 2008-02-08
characteristics.characteristic: collection date
characteristics.text: human
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606
characteristics.characteristic: common name
characteristics.text: The knowledge of species composition and functional aspects of the human microbiome is steadily increasing; but still limited information regarding its variation on a global scale is available. Due to the microbial involvement in inflammatory bowel diseases and their increase in global frequency; shared patterns across populations may hold important clinical relevance. In this study; we analyze a set of 89 mucosal biopsies sampled from individuals of German; Lithuanian and Indian origins; using bacterial community profiling of a roughly equal number of healthy controls; Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis patients from each location. From each individual sample 16S rDNA and rRNA are analyzed as proxies for standing and active microbial community structure; respectively. We find pronounced regional as well as global disease patterns in the major phyla and patterns of diversity; which differ when investigated in the standing or active community. Geography appears to dominate patterns of beta diversity; with European samples being more similar to each other; which is more pronounced in the active microbial community. However; when geographic influence is accounted for; some universal patterns of disease become apparent. In particular; two genera belonging to the Clostridium leptum subgroup; Faecalibacteria and Papillibacter; display consistent patterns with respect to disease status and may thus serve as reliable �microbiomarkers�. These analyses reveal the importance of the interaction of geography and disease in the interpretation of disease-associated changes in microbial communities and highlight the added value of analyzing communities on both the rDNA and rRNA level.
characteristics.characteristic: description
characteristics.text: no medication
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0004285
characteristics.characteristic: disease status
characteristics.text: organism-associated habitat
characteristics.characteristic: environment (biome)
characteristics.text: organism-associated habitat
characteristics.characteristic: environment (feature)
characteristics.text: mucus
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002306
characteristics.characteristic: environment (material)
characteristics.text: microbiome
characteristics.characteristic: experimental factor
characteristics.text: Healthy
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000461
characteristics.characteristic: gastrointestinal tract disorder
characteristics.text: Germany
characteristics.characteristic: geographic location (countryand/orsea,region)
characteristics.text: 10.142841
characteristics.unit: DD
characteristics.characteristic: geographic location (latitude)
characteristics.text: 54.330532
characteristics.unit: DD
characteristics.characteristic: geographic location (longitude)
characteristics.text: 4A
characteristics.characteristic: host subject id
characteristics.text: human-gut
characteristics.characteristic: human gut environmental package
characteristics.text: metagenome
characteristics.characteristic: investigation type
characteristics.text: no medication
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0004285
characteristics.characteristic: medication
characteristics.text: TCTACGTAGC
characteristics.characteristic: multiplex identifiers
characteristics.text: Homo sapiens
characteristics.characteristic: organism
characteristics.text: 27F-338R
characteristics.characteristic: pcr primers
characteristics.text: normal
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000461
characteristics.characteristic: phenotype
characteristics.text: BMRP
characteristics.characteristic: project name
characteristics.text: biopsy
characteristics.characteristic: sample collection device or method
characteristics.text: Homo sapiens
characteristics.characteristic: scientific_name
characteristics.text: software
characteristics.characteristic: sequence quality check
characteristics.text: pyrosequencing
characteristics.characteristic: sequencing method
characteristics.text: cDNA
characteristics.characteristic: sequencing template
characteristics.text: male
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000384
characteristics.characteristic: sex
characteristics.text: 16S rRNA
characteristics.characteristic: target gene
characteristics.text: V1V2
characteristics.characteristic: target subfragment
characteristics.text: Regional patterns of the standing and active human gut microbiome in health and inflammatory bowel diseases
characteristics.characteristic: title