characteristics.text: SAMN40696075
characteristics.characteristic: External Id
characteristics.text: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC center name
characteristics.text: 2024-09-03T00:00:00Z
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC first public
characteristics.text: 2024-09-03T11:46:17.715Z
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC last update
characteristics.text: live
characteristics.characteristic: INSDC status
characteristics.text: MIMAG.host-associated
characteristics.characteristic: NCBI submission model
characteristics.text: MIMAG.host-associated.6.0
characteristics.characteristic: NCBI submission package
characteristics.text: ERS19182010
characteristics.characteristic: SRA accession
characteristics.text: 1990
characteristics.characteristic: collection_date
characteristics.text: Obligate blood-feeders, such as the flea Xenopsylla cheopis rely on blood, a nutritionally unbalanced diet to fulfill its metabolic needs. To overcome this deficiency and complement their diet with essential nutrients, hematophagous arthropods have evolved an endosymbiotic association with microorganisms, which may provide their hosts with B vitamins and cofactors. The genome of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of X. cheopis revealed genes for the biosynthetic pathway of five vitamins of the B complex: biotin, riboflavin, folic acid, pyridoxine and thiamine. Riboflavin (B2) pathway was the only one containing all the genes for its production. For folic acid (B9), the final gene of the pathway was missing. In contrast, only the final enzyme for the thiamine (B1) biosynthesis has been retained. Similarly, the final two genes of the pathway for pyridoxine (B6) were present. Biotin (B7) biosynthesis pathway was also incomplete. Genes for the biosynthesis of pantothenic acid (B5) and nicotinic acid (B3) were absent. In the context of cofactor biosynthesis, genes for FAD, NADP+ and CoA were also present in the endosymbiont genome (Table 2), but only the pathway for FAD production has been fully retained.
characteristics.characteristic: description
characteristics.text: missing
characteristics.characteristic: env_broad_scale
characteristics.text: missing
characteristics.characteristic: env_local_scale
characteristics.text: missing
characteristics.characteristic: env_medium
characteristics.text: TRUE
characteristics.characteristic: environmental-sample
characteristics.text: USA: Baltimore
characteristics.characteristic: geo_loc_name
characteristics.text: Xenopsylla cheopis
characteristics.characteristic: host
characteristics.text: NIAID_Wxc_1.0
characteristics.characteristic: isolate
characteristics.text: Laboratory colony at the NIAID Rocky Mountain Laboratories
characteristics.characteristic: isolation_source
characteristics.text: 39.299 N 76.609 W
characteristics.characteristic: lat_lon
characteristics.text: host metagenome
characteristics.characteristic: metagenome-source
characteristics.text: TRUE
characteristics.characteristic: metagenomic
characteristics.text: Wolbachia endosymbiont of Xenopsylla cheopis
characteristics.ontologyTerms: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3134790
characteristics.characteristic: organism
characteristics.text: Uing a MagAttract HMW kit, individual fleas were triturated for 30 sec in a 187 microl mixture containing 100 microl PBS, 10 microl Proteinase K, 2 microl RNase A, and 75 microl Buffer AL using the textured mortar/pestle PowerMasher II . The triturates were incubated for 2h at 25 C with gentle mixing every 15 min. Following subsequent bead-binding and wash steps, the gDNA was eluted twice with 65 microl and 35 microl of Buffer AE, each at 25 C at 1400 rpm for 8 min. The elutions were combined and stored at 4 C.
characteristics.characteristic: samp_mat_process
characteristics.text: One adult female flea
characteristics.characteristic: samp_size
characteristics.text: metagenomic assembly
characteristics.characteristic: sample_type
characteristics.text: isolated from flea found on Rattus rattus
characteristics.characteristic: subsrc_note
characteristics.text: lea metagenome unclassified entries; unclassified sequences; metagenomes; organismal metagenomes
characteristics.characteristic: title