text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-1 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 1


status: PUBLIC

characteristic: External Id

text: Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

characteristic: INSDC center name

characteristic: INSDC first public

characteristic: INSDC last update

characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Metagenome or environmental

characteristic: NCBI submission model

characteristic: NCBI submission package

characteristic: SRA accession

text: not collected

tag: attribute

text: sf means fertilized samples, ck means Unfertilized samples, z means bulk soil, j means rhizosphere soil, and g means root endosphere.

characteristic: description

text: not collected

text: sample1-2 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

characteristic: organism

text: replicate = biological replicate 2

characteristic: replicate

text: Metagenome or environmental sample from soil metagenome

characteristic: title


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-3 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 3


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-1 Unfertilized root endosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 1


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-2 Unfertilized root endosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 2


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-3 Unfertilized root endosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 3


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: sf means fertilized samples, ck means Unfertilized samples,j means rhizosphere soil

text: not collected

text: sample1-1 Fertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 1


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-2 Fertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 2


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-3 Fertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 3


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-1 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 1


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-2 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 2


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: not collected

text: not collected

text: sample1-3 Unfertilized rhizosphere

text: not collected

text: soil metagenome

text: replicate = biological replicate 3


text: Translational Molecular Pathology, U.T. M.D. ANDERSON CANCER CENTER

text: live

text: Generic

text: Primary cell line

characteristic: cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

characteristic: cell type

text: missing

text: Tp53-/-, Atrx-

characteristic: genotype

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

text: Primary cell line

text: 48 hours

characteristic: time

text: DMSO

characteristic: treatment


characteristic: External Id

characteristic: INSDC center name

text: live

text: Generic

text: Primary cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

text: missing

text: Tp53-/-, Atrx-

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

text: Primary cell line

text: 48 hours


characteristic: INSDC first public

characteristic: INSDC last update

text: live

text: Generic

text: Primary cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

text: H4K16ac (Sigma, 07-329)

characteristic: chip antibody

text: missing

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

text: Primary cell line


characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Generic

characteristic: NCBI submission model

text: Primary cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

text: H3K27me3 (Abcam, ab6002)

text: missing

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

text: Primary cell line


text: live

text: Generic

characteristic: NCBI submission package

characteristic: SRA accession

text: Primary cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

text: H3K4me1 (Abcam, ab4729)

text: missing

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

text: Primary cell line


text: live

text: Generic

text: Primary cell line

text: Neuroepithelial progenitor cell

text: H3K27ac (Abcam, ab8895)

text: missing

text: missing

text: Mus musculus

characteristic: organism

text: Primary cell line


text: Department of Orthopedics Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University

text: live

text: Generic

text: missing

text: missing

text: Rattus norvegicus

text: Nucleus pulposus

text: Nucleus pulposus

characteristic: tissue

characteristic: title


Gchildressi

text: Max Planck Institute for Biology

text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: USA: Louisiana, Mississippi Canyon site, Gulf of Mexico

text: Gigantidas childressi

characteristic: host

text: Hydrothermal vents

text: 28.123700 N 89.140400 W

text: mollusc metagenome

text: Metagenome or environmental sample from mollusc metagenome

type: derived-from


Bputeoserpentis

text: Max Planck Institute for Biology

text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Atlantic Ocean: Irina II venting site, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: Bathymoliodus puteoserpentis

text: Hydrothermal vents

text: 14.708333 N 44.966667 W

text: mollusc metagenome


text: UC Santa Cruz

text: live

text: Human

text: unspecified

characteristic: age

text: ATCC

text: USA

characteristic: isolate

text: Homo sapiens

text: biological replicate 1

characteristic: replicate

text: female

characteristic: sex

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: ADAR1 siRNA


characteristic: External Id

text: UC Santa Cruz

characteristic: INSDC center name

text: live

text: Human

text: unspecified

text: ATCC

text: USA

text: Homo sapiens

text: biological replicate 2

text: female

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: ADAR1 siRNA

characteristic: treatment


text: UC Santa Cruz

characteristic: INSDC first public

characteristic: INSDC last update

text: live

text: Human

text: unspecified

text: ATCC

text: USA

text: Homo sapiens

text: biological replicate 3

text: female

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: ADAR1 siRNA


text: UC Santa Cruz

characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Human

text: unspecified

text: ATCC

text: USA

text: Homo sapiens

text: biological replicate 1

text: female

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: CTRL siRNA


text: UC Santa Cruz

text: live

text: Human

characteristic: NCBI submission model

characteristic: NCBI submission package

text: unspecified

text: ATCC

text: USA

text: Homo sapiens

text: biological replicate 2

text: female

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: CTRL siRNA


text: UC Santa Cruz

text: live

text: Human

characteristic: SRA accession

text: unspecified

text: ATCC

text: USA

text: Homo sapiens

characteristic: organism

text: biological replicate 3

text: female

text: Lung

text: Human sample from Homo sapiens

text: CTRL siRNA


Homoneura picta

text: Henan University of Science and Technology

text: live

text: Invertebrate

text: China: Zhengjiang

text: The spots on its wings are complex and varied.

text: Jingning in Lishui of Zhengjiang Province

text: Homoneura picta

text: body

characteristic: tissue

text: Invertebrate sample from Homoneura picta

characteristic: title


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

characteristic: cell line

text: Macrophages

characteristic: cell type

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

characteristic: genotype

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M2_4


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M2_3


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M2_2


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M2_1


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M1_4

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M1_3

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M1_2

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M1_1

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M0_4

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M0_3

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M0_2

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: CES1 Knock down

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: CES1KD_THP-1 cells M0_1

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M2_4


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M2_3


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M2_2


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M2_1


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M1_4

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M1_3

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M1_2

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M1_1

text: LPS + Interferon Gamma


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M0_4

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M0_3

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M0_2

text: Resting


text: Ross Lab, Mississippi State University

text: live

text: Generic

text: Macrophages

text: missing

text: WT

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: cell line

text: cell line

text: WT_THP-1 cells M0_1

text: Resting


sampleM

text: Guilin Medical University

text: live

text: Plant

text: 1 year

characteristic: age

text: Swertia davidii

characteristic: cultivar

text: flower

text: Hubei provience

characteristic: ecotype

text: China:Hubei provience

text: it's sampleM

characteristic: isolate

text: Swertia davidii

text: leaf

text: Plant sample from Swertia davidii


characteristic: External Id

text: Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology

characteristic: INSDC center name

characteristic: INSDC first public

text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

characteristic: host

text: 33.45694 S 70.64827 W

text: leaf metagenome

text: Metagenome or environmental sample from leaf metagenome


characteristic: INSDC last update

characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Metagenome or environmental

characteristic: NCBI submission model

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64828 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

characteristic: NCBI submission package

characteristic: SRA accession

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64829 W

text: leaf metagenome

characteristic: organism


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64830 W

text: leaf metagenome

characteristic: title


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64831 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64832 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64833 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64834 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64835 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64836 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64837 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64838 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64839 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64840 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64841 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64842 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64843 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64844 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64845 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64846 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64847 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64848 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64849 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64850 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64851 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64852 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64853 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64854 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64855 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: live

text: Metagenome or environmental

text: Chile:Santiago

text: Cabbage

text: 33.45694 S 70.64856 W

text: leaf metagenome


text: Sozen Lab, Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine

text: live

text: Generic

characteristic: cell line

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

characteristic: cell type

text: missing

text: RUES2 cell line (NIHhESC-09-0013) containing Sox2 and Sox17 reporters (see PMID: 29795348)

characteristic: genotype

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

characteristic: tissue

text: D4 hEEs, Sox2 positive fraction, Replicate 2

text: 4 day differentiation into hEEs

characteristic: treatment


characteristic: External Id

text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: D4 hEEs, Sox2 positive fraction, Replicate 1

text: 4 day differentiation into hEEs


characteristic: INSDC center name

text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: D4 hEEs, Sox17 positive fraction, Replicate 2

text: 4 day differentiation into hEEs


characteristic: INSDC first public

text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: D4 hEEs, Sox17 positive fraction, Replicate 1

text: 4 day differentiation into hEEs


text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: D4 hEEs, double negative fraction, Replicate 1

text: 4 day differentiation into hEEs


text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: Undifferentiated hPSCS Replicate 2

text: Undifferentiated


text: live

text: Generic

text: Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line

text: missing

text: missing

text: Homo sapiens

text: Cell line

text: Cell line

text: Undifferentiated hPSCS Replicate 1

text: Undifferentiated


text: live

text: Model organism or animal

text: Embryonic day 10

characteristic: age

text: korean quail

text: hybridization

text: missing

text: not collected

text: missing

text: Iris tissue of coturnix on the 10th day of embryonic stage

characteristic: isolate

text: Laboratory incubation

text: Coturnix japonica

text: biological replicate 1

characteristic: replicate

text: tissue sample

text: male

characteristic: sex

text: iris

text: Model organism or animal sample from Coturnix japonica


characteristic: INSDC last update

characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Model organism or animal

characteristic: NCBI submission model

text: Embryonic day 10

text: korean quail

text: hybridization

text: missing

text: not collected

text: missing

text: Laboratory incubation

text: Coturnix japonica

text: biological replicate 2

text: tissue sample

text: male

text: iris


text: live

text: Model organism or animal

characteristic: NCBI submission package

characteristic: SRA accession

text: Embryonic day 10

text: korean quail

text: hybridization

text: missing

text: not collected

text: missing

text: Laboratory incubation

text: Coturnix japonica

characteristic: organism

text: biological replicate 3

text: tissue sample

text: female

text: iris

characteristic: title


text: live

text: Model organism or animal

text: Embryonic day 10

text: korean quail

text: hybridization

text: missing

text: not collected

text: missing

text: Laboratory incubation

text: Coturnix japonica

text: biological replicate 4

text: tissue sample

text: female

text: iris

characteristic: tissue


text: Nanjing University

text: live

text: Microbe, viral or environmental

text: Pacific Ocean

text: missing

characteristic: host

text: not applicable

text: 20 Ma subseafloor coal beds

text: Penicillium chrysogenum

text: fungi

characteristic: strain

text: Microbe sample from Penicillium chrysogenum


characteristic: External Id

text: San Diego State University

characteristic: INSDC center name

text: live

text: MIGS/MIMS/MIMARKS.miscellaneous

text: MIMARKS.survey

text: urban

text: Keywords: GSC:MIxS;MIMARKS:6.0

characteristic: description

text: indoor biome

text: drywall

text: drywall

text: USA: San Diego, CA

text: 32.72 N 117.16 W

text: indoor metagenome

text: MIMARKS Survey related sample from indoor metagenome


text: University of Sydney

characteristic: INSDC first public

text: live

text: Invertebrate

text: Subadult

characteristic: age

text: Australia: Sydney, NSW

text: Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis

characteristic: isolate

text: Angiostrongylus cantonensis

text: male

text: Brain

text: Invertebrate sample from Angiostrongylus cantonensis


text: University of Sydney

characteristic: INSDC last update

text: live

text: Invertebrate

text: Adut

text: Australia: Sydney, NSW

text: Rattus norvegicus

text: Angiostrongylus cantonensis

text: male

characteristic: sex

text: Lung


text: University of Sydney

characteristic: INSDC secondary accession

text: live

characteristic: INSDC status

text: Invertebrate

text: Adult

text: Australia: St Lucia, QLD

text: Rattus rattus

text: Angiostrongylus cantonensis

text: male

text: CSIRO N5733

text: Lung


text: University of Queensland

text: live

text: MIMS.me

characteristic: NCBI submission model

characteristic: NCBI submission package

characteristic: depth

text: Keywords: GSC:MIxS;MIMS:6.0

text: Tropical marine waters

text: shoreline

text: seawater

text: Australia: Cape Cleveland

text: 19.25 N 147.06 W

text: seawater metagenome

text: 16S rRNA gene amplification of seawater microbial DNA

characteristic: treatment


text: Nanjing University

text: live

text: Microbe, viral or environmental

text: Pacific Ocean

text: missing

text: not applicable

text: 20 Ma subseafloor coal beds

text: Penicillium chrysogenum

characteristic: organism

text: fungi

characteristic: title