NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_NAME: WISTAR INSTITUTE

PHR: Project Narrative HIV-1 has been a public health crisis for 40 years and still causes 690,000 deaths a year around the globe. The key to ending this crisis is an efficacious vaccine which can produce broad immune responses. This research will develop fundamental knowledge on a new approach to produce multiple broad immune responses simultaneously giving us more shots on goal for ending the HIV-1 pandemic.

PI_NAMEs: KULP, DANIEL  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGH, ANJALI

PROJECT_TERMS: Affinity;Animals;Antibodies;Antibody Repertoire;Antibody Response;Antigens;Area;B cell repertoire;B-Lymphocytes;Binding Sites;Biological Models;biophysical properties;Cessation of life;Clinic;Clinical;Clinical Research;Custom;Data;design;Development;Engineering;Epitopes;experience;Frequencies;Germ Lines;global health;Goals;HIV;HIV vaccine;HIV-1;HIV-1 vaccine;Human;Immune response;Immunization;Immunoglobulins;Individual;innovation;interest;Investigation;Knock-in Mouse;Knowledge;lead candidate;member;Modeling;mosaic;mouse model;Mus;Mutation;nanoparticle;neutralizing antibody;next generation sequencing;nonhuman primate;novel strategies;pandemic disease;Pathway interactions;Persons;Phase;Physiological;Population;Pre-Clinical Model;Productivity;programs;prophylactic;Protein Engineering;Public Health;Research;response;Series;Structure;success;synergism;Technology;Testing;tool;Vaccination;vaccination strategy;Vaccine Design;vaccine effectiveness;vaccine-induced antibodies;Vaccines;Virus;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Investigation into the activation of multiple bnAb precursors using structure-designed immunogens and Ig knock-in mice

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Immunopathogenesis and Vaccine Development Study Section[HIVD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Cardiovascular;Clinical Research;Coronaviruses;Coronaviruses Disparities and At-Risk Populations;Coronaviruses Vaccines;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Heart Disease;Human Genome;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Patient Safety;Prevention;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Myocarditis is a rare but important adverse event in some individuals following vaccination against COVID-19. Recently published work by the Principal Investigator demonstrates that high-impact, putatively damaging variants in cardiomyocyte genes increase risk for viral and idiopathic myocarditis. The present proposal will investigate Mendelian human genetic variation and immune profiles in patients with vaccine-associated myocarditis, to determine susceptibility and pathophysiologic processes.

PI_NAMEs: KONTOROVICH, AMY R. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JOFFE, AARON MICHAEL

PROJECT_TERMS: ACE2;Adult;Adverse event;adverse event risk;adverse outcome;Advocate;Age;aged;Alcohols;Angiotensin Receptor;Autoantibodies;Automobile Driving;Benefits and Risks;biobank;Biological Assay;Blood;Cardiac;Cardiac Myocytes;Cardiomyopathies;Cardiotoxicity;Child;Clinical;cohort;Complication;coronavirus vaccination;Coupled;COVID-19 pandemic;COVID-19 patient;COVID-19 vaccination;COVID-19 vaccine;cytokine;Cytometry;Data;Disease;disease model;DNA;Dystrophin;exome sequencing;experience;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Predisposition to Disease;genetic risk factor;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;Genomic approach;Genomics;Genotype;health organization;Heart;Heterozygote;High Prevalence;high risk;Human;human disease;Human Genetics;Immune;Immune response;Immune signaling;Immunologics;Immunophenotyping;Impairment;improved;Incidence;Individual;Inflammatory;Influenza;Informatics;Injury;insight;Institution;Integration Host Factors;Link;male;Marker Vaccines;Mediating;Messenger RNA;Moderna COVID-19 vaccine;Mutation;Myocarditis;Overlapping Genes;Participant;Pathogenesis;Patients;Perinatal;Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine;Population;predictive marker;Predisposing Factor;Predisposition;Principal Investigator;Process;profiles in patients;prophylactic;Proteins;Provider;public database;Public Health;Publishing;rare variant;Recording of previous events;recruit;Reporting;Risk;Risk Factors;risk stratification;RNA vaccine;Rodent Model;Role;Saliva;SARS-CoV-2 infection;SARS-CoV-2 spike protein;sex;single-cell RNA sequencing;Smallpox;stem;Structure;Testing;Time;treatment strategy;Vaccination;Vaccines;Variant;Viral;viral myocarditis;virtual;Vulnerable Populations;wellness visit;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Comprehensive genomic and inflammatory profiling of vaccine-associated myocarditis

STUDY_SECTION: CCHS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Integrative Cardiovascular and Hematological Sciences Study Section[CCHS]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: CLEVELAND

ORG_DEPT: PATHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: OH

PHR: Narrative Pyroptosis is a type of regulated lytic cell death that is mediated by members of the gasdermin family that assemble membrane pores upon cleavage by proteases. Gasdermin E (GSDME)-mediated pyroptosis and cytokine release play crucial roles in host defense against viral or bacterial infections as well as in autoimmune disorders and tissue injury. This proposal aims to investigate the mechanisms of GSDME autoinhibition and recognition by apoptotic caspases, which may facilitate the development of specific inhibitors targeting pyroptosis and apoptosis pathways.

PI_NAMEs: XIAO, TSAN SAM (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGLETON, KENTNER L

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adopted;Apoptosis;Apoptotic;Autoimmune Diseases;Bacterial Infections;Binding;Biochemical;Biological Assay;CASP1 gene;CASP3 gene;Caspase;Cell Death;Cell membrane;Cellular biology;Complex;Crohn's disease;Crystallization;Crystallography;cytokine;Data;Defense Mechanisms;Development;E protein;enzyme substrate complex;Epithelial Cells;Extravasation;Family;Family member;Host Defense;Human;Immune;Inflammasome;Inflammatory;inhibitor;Injury to Kidney;insight;intestinal epithelium;kidney fibrosis;Knowledge;Length;Liposomes;Lytic;Mediating;member;Membrane;membrane assembly;microbial;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;Mucositis;Mus;Mutagenesis;Pathogenesis;Peptide Hydrolases;Peptides;Play;prevent;Reagent;recruit;Reporting;Rest;Role;Signal Pathway;Site;Structure;success;Techniques;Testing;tissue injury;uptake;Virus Diseases;X ray diffraction analysis;X-Ray Crystallography

PROJECT_TITLE: Structural studies of gasdermin E and its recognition by caspase-3.

STUDY_SECTION: MSFB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Macromolecular Structure and Function B Study Section[MSFB]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AG

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Cancer;Genetics;Hematology;Rare Diseases;Regenerative Medicine;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human;Transplantation

PHR: Project Narrative The proposed research is relevant to public health because of the rapidly increasing aging population, and with it the significant increase in age-related malignancies worldwide. We propose that 15-PGDH is a novel therapeutic target to enhance hematopoietic function during aging both at steady state and during regeneration, which has significant implications for the treatment of various hematologic diseases including myelofibrosis and myelodysplastic syndromes.

PI_NAMEs: DESAI, AMAR  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: COGLIATI, TIZIANA PAOLA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Age;age related;age-related disease;aged;Aging;aging population;Anemia;animal old age;Animals;Aplastic Anemia;Biological Assay;Blood Cells;Bone Marrow;Bone Marrow Transplantation;Cell Cycle;Cells;Characteristics;Complete Blood Count;Development;Dinoprostone;Disease;DNA Damage;Dose;Dysmyelopoietic Syndromes;Engraftment;Enzymes;Erythroid;fitness;Frequencies;Genetic;genetic signature;hallmarks of aging;Hematologic Neoplasms;Hematological Disease;Hematology;Hematopoiesis;Hematopoietic;hematopoietic stem cell aging;hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal;Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation;Hematopoietic stem cells;Hematopoietic System;Heterozygote;Homeostasis;Homing;Human;Immune System Diseases;Inflammatory;inhibitor;Knock-out;knockout animal;Knockout Mice;leukemia;Leukocytosis;Life Expectancy;Lipids;Lymphoid;Maintenance;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mediating;Megakaryocytes;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Multiple Myeloma;Mus;mutant;Myelofibrosis;Myelogenous;Myeloid Cells;Myeloproliferative disease;Natural regeneration;new therapeutic target;Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma;novel;old mice;Onset of illness;Organ;Output;Oxidoreductase;Parents;Pathogenesis;peripheral blood;Persons;pharmacologic;Phenocopy;Phenotype;Physiological;Population;Prevalence;prevent;Process;Production;Proliferating;protein expression;Public Health;Pulmonary Fibrosis;Recovery;regenerative;Regenerative capacity;regenerative tissue;Research;Risk Factors;Role;S-Phase Fraction;self-renewal;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;small molecule;Spleen;stem;stem cell exhaustion;stem cell function;stem cell niche;stem cells;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;thrombocytosis;Time;tissue regeneration;tissue stem cells;Tissues;transcriptome sequencing;Transplantation;Treatment Efficacy;Wild Type Mouse;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting 15-PGDH in Age-Related Hematologic Disease

STUDY_SECTION: HTBT

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Blood Cells and Transfusion Study Section[HTBT]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Infectious Diseases;Malaria;Rare Diseases;Vector-Borne Diseases

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Remote nomadic groups in northwestern Kenya near the border to Plasmodium vivax-endemic Ethiopia are particularly at risk of contracting P. vivax, but remain largely outside of public health surveillance or programming. We will leverage samples and data from a recent study of malaria in nomadic pastoralists to try to understand the potential for emerging P. vivax in this population and the region, and determine whether this group represents an important sentinel surveillance population for P. vivax emergence and control. Findings from this study will generate evidence to guide Kenya’s National Malaria Control Programme and similar regions of Sub-Saharan Africa as they confront the possibility of growing endemic P. vivax transmission.

PI_NAMEs: PRUDHOMMEOMEARA, WENDY  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RAO, MALLA R

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Africa;Africa South of the Sahara;Alleles;Animals;Antigen Receptors;Antigens;Area;Authorization documentation;Binding;Blood;blood group;Blood typing procedure;Camping;Characteristics;Circulation;cohort;Collaborations;Communities;Community Health Aides;Contracts;County Government;Coupled;COVID-19 pandemic;Data;Dryness;epidemic potential;Erythrocytes;Ethiopia;Family;Genotype;Geographic Locations;Goals;Health care facility;Health Status;high risk;high risk population;Home;Household;Human;human DNA;Individual;Infection;interest;Invaded;Investments;Kenya;Malaria;Maps;Measures;member;migration;Monitor;Movement;Nature;Parents;Participant;Pathogen detection;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Plasmodium falciparum;Plasmodium vivax;Point Mutation;Population;Population Surveillance;Predisposition;Prevalence;prevent;programs;promoter;Public Health;receptor;Recommendation;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Return Migrations;Risk;Risk Assessment;Role;Route;Sampling;Seasons;Sentinel;Sentinel Surveillance;Signal Transduction;Southeastern Asia;Spottings;Surface;Testing;Time;transmission process;Travel;vector-borne pathogen;wearable device;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Plasmodium vivax in a mobile population in northwestern Kenya

STUDY_SECTION: IRAP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Infectious Diseases, Reproductive Health, Asthma and Pulmonary Conditions Study Section[IRAP]


ADMINISTERING_IC: ES

ED_INST_TYPE: ORGANIZED RESEARCH UNITS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES

ORG_CITY: DAVIS

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: Project Narrative The present study focuses on a novel concept of the function of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its repressor (AhRR) as environmental sensors modifying the immune response. This study investigates the interference of the AhR and AhRR with key regulators of cellular processes (Toll-like receptors and NFκB) in immune cells. The current study is critical in understanding the biological and pathological functions of the AhR and AhRR in the immune system and its role in immunological disorders like allergy, autoimmune and infectious diseases. This work will help to understand the mechanism how environmental toxicants disturb critical functions of the immune system and have an effect on human health.

PI_NAMEs: VOGEL, CHRISTOPH F A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: NADADUR, SRIKANTH

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Antigen-Presenting Cells;Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor;aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand;Asthma;Autoimmune Diseases;Autoimmunity;B-Lymphocytes;Binding;Binding Sites;Biological;Bone Marrow;Cell Physiology;cell type;Cells;chromatin immunoprecipitation;Chronic Disease;chronic inflammatory disease;Communicable Diseases;Communication;cytokine;Data;Dendritic Cells;Development;Dioxins;DNA Binding;Elements;Environmental Pollutants;Environmental Risk Factor;Event;Exposure to;Future;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Profiling;Genes;Genetic;Genome;genome-wide analysis;Goals;Health;Human;Hypersensitivity;IL12A gene;Immune;immune activation;Immune response;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;immune system function;Immunity;immunodeficiency;Immunoglobulin Fragments;Immunologic Monitoring;Immunomodulators;immunoreaction;immunoregulation;Immunosuppression;immunotoxicity;in vivo;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;innovation;insight;Interleukin-1 beta;Interleukin-6;Knockout Mice;Lead;Ligands;Link;Location;Logic;Lymphocyte;Macrophage;Maps;Mediating;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;molecular targeted therapies;Monitor;monocyte;mouse model;Mus;mutant;neutrophil;NF-kappa B;novel;Outcome;overexpression;pathogen;Pathologic;Pathway interactions;Physiological;Play;Positron-Emission Tomography;Process;protein protein interaction;Proteins;Radioimmunoconjugate;receptor;Receptor Activation;Receptor Signaling;recruit;Regulation;Regulatory T-Lymphocyte;REL Protein;Reporting;Repressor Proteins;response;Role;Scheme;sensor;Shock;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Stimulus;Surface Antigens;T cell differentiation;T-Cell Activation;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Time;Tissues;Toll-like receptors;Toxic effect;Toxic Environmental Substances;Transcription Repressor;Transgenic Mice;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The impact of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling on Toll like receptor-mediated inflammation

STUDY_SECTION: SIEE

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Systemic Injury by Environmental Exposure[SIEE]


ORG_CITY: CHARLOTTESVILLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA

ORG_STATE: VA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Radial chromosome formation involves the fusion of two unrelated chromosomes and most likely results in the death, transformation or aberrant aging of the cell in which radials occur. How radial chromosomes form in human cells, however, is not clear and has been the subject of many conflicting studies. Here, we demonstrate that the alternative non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA double-strand break repair is required for human radial formation.

PI_NAMEs: BIELINSKY, ANJA-KATRIN ;HENDRICKSON, ERIC A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GUO, MAX

PROJECT_TERMS: Amaze;Appearance;Applications Grants;Belief;Bioinformatics;bioinformatics pipeline;Biological Models;Bloom Syndrome;Bone marrow failure;cancer predisposition;Cell Aging;Cell Line;Cell Physiology;Cells;Centromere;Cessation of life;Chromosomal translocation;chromosome fusion;Chromosomes;Cisplatin;clinically relevant;Conscious;Cross-Linking Reagents;crosslink;Cytogenetics;Data;Diagnostic;Diagnostic tests;DNA crosslink;DNA Crosslinking;DNA Crosslinking Agent;DNA Damage;DNA Double Strand Break;DNA ligase III;DNA Repair;DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase;Double Strand Break Repair;experimental study;Exposure to;Fanconi Anemia pathway;Fanconi's Anemia;Frequencies;gene synthesis;Genes;Genetic Recombination;Genomic DNA;Goals;Grant;helicase;Human;Human Cell Line;Individual;insight;Knowledge;Lasers;Literature;Mediating;Metaphase;Microdissection;Mission;Mitomycin C;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Profiling;nanopore;new therapeutic target;Nonhomologous DNA End Joining;Normal Cell;novel;Outcome;pathological aging;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Phenotype;Premature aging syndrome;Process;Production;Protocols documentation;Radial;Radiation;Regulation;repaired;Reporting;Research Personnel;response;Role;System;telomere;Testing;Therapeutic;ubiquitin-protein ligase;United States National Institutes of Health

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanism of radial chromosome formation in human premature aging syndrome cells

STUDY_SECTION: MG

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular Genetics Study Section[MG]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DC

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Cerebrovascular;Clinical Research;Neurosciences;Stroke

ORG_DEPT: OTOLARYNGOLOGY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Right hemisphere strokes result in language production changes that are different than those found in left hemisphere strokes. Yet, language production after a right hemisphere stroke is less frequently the focus of scientific inquiry. The proposed research is relevant to public health because it will advance knowledge concerning the relationship between locus of lesion and discourse production characteristics needed for the development of measurement, evaluation, and treatment methods for language production deficits after a right hemisphere brain damage (RHD).

PI_NAMEs: MINGA, JAMILA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RIVERA-RENTAS, ALBERTO L

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Affect;American;Area;Behavior;Behavioral;Brain;Brain Injuries;Brain region;career;career development;Characteristics;Chronic Phase;Clinical;clinical development;clinically relevant;cognitive neuroscience;cognitive process;Collaborations;Communication;Communication difficulty;Communication impairment;Communities;comparison control;Comprehension;Data;Databases;Development;Development Plans;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;diagnostic tool;Disease;Education;Educational workshop;Emotional;Employment;Employment Status;Evaluation;Exhibits;Family;Fostering;Future;Goals;hemisphere damage;Image;Impairment;improved;indexing;Individual;information gathering;Institution;Knowledge;Language;Language Disorders;language impairment;Left;Lesion;Linguistics;Literature;Maps;Measurement;Measures;Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Program;Mentors;Methods;Modeling;Monitor;Nature;neural;Neuroanatomy;Neurology;Outcome;Output;Patients;Pattern;personalized diagnostics;Procedures;Process;Production;Productivity;Public Health;Quality of life;Quantitative Evaluations;Recovery;Research;Research Personnel;Right cerebral hemisphere;right hemisphere brain damage;Risk;Sampling;Scientific Inquiry;Site;Social Interaction;Speech;Speech-Language Pathology;Stroke;Survivors;Symptoms;syntax;theories;therapy development;Training;Universities;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Neuroanatomic Correlates of Language Production Characteristics After Right Hemisphere Stroke

STUDY_SECTION: CDRC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Communication Disorders Review Committee[CDRC]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Influenza;Lung;Pneumonia and Influenza;Prevention;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: WORCESTER

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: NARRATIVE Harnessing Age-Associated B Cells for a Universal Influenza Vaccine for the Aged. Recently we found that a unique age-associated B cell (ABC) population that includes naïve IgD+ B cells and generates a unique extrafollicular effector B cell response to influenza infection, is, in the aged, the predominant response producing Ab-secreting cells and Ab to new infections. We will determine the extent to which ABC generate lung and nasal tissue-resident Ab-secreting effectors that give rise to resting memory B cells and long-lived Ab-secreting cells and will determine if vaccines can elicit these responses and if these unique memory cells provide protective immunity. This will inform strategies to make a Universal influenza vaccine that is protective in the aged.

PI_NAMEs: SWAIN, SUSAN L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ARNOLD, MICHELLE MARIE

PROJECT_TERMS: Age;age related;aged;Aging;aging population;Antibodies;Antibody Affinity;Antibody titer measurement;Antibody-mediated protection;Antigens;B-Lymphocyte Subsets;B-Lymphocytes;Body Weight decreased;Bone Marrow;Bronchial Lavages;Cause of Death;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cell Lineage;Cell secretion;Cells;combat;commensal microbes;COVID-19;Development;Dose;Effector Cell;Elderly;emerging pathogen;Exposure to;Generations;Germ-Free;Immune;Immunity;Immunize;Immunoglobulin A;Immunoglobulin D;Immunoglobulin M;Immunoglobulin-Secreting Cells;Inactivated Vaccines;Infection;Influenza;influenza infection;influenza outbreak;influenza virus vaccine;influenzavirus;insight;Learning;Life;Location;Longevity;Lower respiratory tract structure;Lung;Lymphoid Tissue;Mediating;Memory;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Messenger RNA;migration;Mus;Nasal Lavage Fluid;neutralizing antibody;Nose;novel;old mice;pandemic influenza;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Phase;Phenotype;Population;Predisposition;programs;Property;residence;Residencies;respiratory;respiratory pathogen;Respiratory System;response;Rest;RNA;Role;Route;seasonal influenza;secondary lymphoid organ;Serum;Signal Transduction;Site;Spleen;stem cells;Structure of germinal center of lymph node;Subunit Vaccines;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Time;Tissues;TLR7 gene;universal influenza vaccine;universal vaccine;Upper respiratory tract;vaccination strategy;vaccine strategy;Vaccines;Viral;Virus;Weights and Measures

PROJECT_TITLE: Harnessing Age-Associated B cells for a Universal Influenza Vaccine for the Aged

STUDY_SECTION: IHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Immunity and Host Defense Study Section[IHD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: EY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Genetics;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: DALLAS

ORG_DEPT: OPHTHALMOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: Project Narrative Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are especially vulnerable to optic nerve damage. Our new study shows that silencing lincRNAs in RGCs promotes strong neuroprotection after optic nerve injury. We will use viral strategies to examine the extent to which distinct lincRNAs regulate RGC survival in mouse models of optic neuropathy, and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms.

PI_NAMEs: PARK, KEVIN KYUNG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SONG, HONGMAN

PROJECT_TERMS: activating transcription factor 3;Adult;Affect;Animals;ATAC-seq;axon injury;Axotomy;Behavior assessment;Behavioral;Behavioral Assay;Bioinformatics;Biological Assay;Blindness;Brain;Cell Physiology;Cell Survival;cell type;Central Nervous System;Cessation of life;Chromatin;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;Code;Cytoprotection;Dependovirus;Dexamethasone;differential expression;Disease;Electroretinography;expression vector;Foundations;Gene Expression;gene interaction;gene therapy;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Glaucoma;Goals;Immunohistochemistry;In Situ Hybridization;in vivo;in vivo Model;Individual;Injury;insight;knock-down;Length;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Microspheres;Modeling;modifiable risk;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;Names;Nerve Crush;nerve damage;Nerve Degeneration;Neurons;neuroprotection;novel;Nucleotides;Ocular Hypertension;Optic Nerve;optic nerve disorder;Optic Nerve Injuries;overexpression;Pathologic Processes;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pattern;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Physiologic Intraocular Pressure;Physiological Processes;Play;Population;pre-clinical;Predisposition;prevent;Process;protein expression;Proteins;Recovery;Recovery of Function;resilience;response;Retina;retinal ganglion cell degeneration;Retinal Ganglion Cells;Risk Factors;RNA;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;small hairpin RNA;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;Transcript;transcriptome sequencing;Untranslated RNA;vector;Viral;virtual;Visual;visual information;Western Blotting;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The role of novel lincRNAs in regulating RGC survival after injury

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Pathophysiology of Eye Disease - 1 Study Section[PED1]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cardiovascular;Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Hypertension;Maternal Health;Maternal Morbidity and Mortality;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Pregnancy;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: GALVESTON

ORG_DEPT: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON

PHR: NARRATIVE Preeclampsia is a major clinical condition in Women’s Reproductive Health and this proposal seeks to introduce cutting-edge research on this devastating pregnancy complication with long term maternal and fetal heath consequences. Preeclampsia needs an effective treatment as delivery is the only therapy currently available clinically. The Principal Investigator and his collaborators have proposed a novel and focused research proposal to understand mechanistic heterogeneity of preeclampsia and to introduce an inexpensive, readily available intervention to improve pregnancy outcomes and maternal-child health.

PI_NAMEs: SHARMA, SURENDRA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ILEKIS, JOHN V

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;Amyloid beta-Protein;analog;antiangiogenesis therapy;Autophagocytosis;Biogenesis;Blood Tests;Cardiovascular Diseases;Cell model;Chronic Disease;Clinical;cohort;Data;Diabetes Mellitus;Diagnosis;Disaccharides;Disease;drug development;drug repurposing;Early Diagnosis;effective therapy;efficacy evaluation;Etiology;experimental study;Female;fetal;Fetal health;Fetus;Gene Proteins;Genes;Goals;Heterogeneity;HMGB1 gene;Human;human disease;humanized mouse;Hypertension;Hypoxia;Immune;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;in vitro Model;in vivo;in vivo Model;Incidence;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;Interleukin-6;Intervention;Investigation;Kidney Diseases;Life;Link;male;Maternal and Child Health;Maternal Health;maternal morbidity;maternal outcome;Measures;Mediator;Microtubules;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Mus;neonatal outcome;novel;Organ;Pathogenesis;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway Analysis;Pathway interactions;Patients;perinatal morbidity;Perinatal mortality demographics;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Phenotype;Placenta;Pre-Clinical Model;Pre-Eclampsia;Prealbumin;predictive tools;Predictive Value;Pregnancy;Pregnancy Complications;Pregnancy Outcome;Pregnant Women;Prevalence;prevent;Prevention;Principal Investigator;Production;Property;protein aggregation;Protein Inhibition;Proteins;Proteinuria;Research;research clinical testing;Research Proposals;Role;Sampling;screening;Serum;sexual dimorphism;small molecule;Sterility;Syndrome;System;tau aggregation;tau-1;Tauopathies;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;tool;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;treatment strategy;Trehalose;trophoblast;women's reproductive health;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting proteinopathy/tauopathy and impaired autophagy for mechanistic understanding and therapeutic intervention of preeclampsia

STUDY_SECTION: PN

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Pregnancy and Neonatology Study Section[PN]


ADMINISTERING_IC: EB

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING

ORG_CITY: STANFORD

ORG_DEPT: RADIATION-DIAGNOSTIC/ONCOLOGY

ORG_NAME: STANFORD UNIVERSITY

PHR: Narrative Cell migration is a critical process involved in diseases and cell-based therapies. Unfortunately, methods that can track this migration non-invasively in living subjects are inaccurate, limiting their use for pre-clinical and clinical research. This project proposes a new approach that can follow the migration of individual cells, dynamically, in real time, in 3D, anywhere within the body.

PI_NAMEs: PRATX, GUILLEM  (contact);SPRIET, MATHIEU ;SULCHEK, TODD

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ATANASIJEVIC, TATJANA

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Algorithms;Animal Model;Basic Science;Biological;Biological Process;Biomedical Research;Cell Cycle Kinetics;cell motility;Cell Therapy;Cell Transplantation;Cells;Circulation;Clinical;Clinical Research;computerized tools;Contrast Media;design;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;Disease;Embryonic Development;Engineering;Experimental Models;Felis catus;Genetic;Goals;Health;Heart failure;Heart Ventricle;Hematopoiesis;Human;Human body;human imaging;Image;Imaging Device;imaging modality;Immunity;Immunotherapy;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Injections;insight;Investigation;Kinetics;Label;Left;Link;Lipids;Liver;Location;Measurement;Measures;Melanoma Cell;Metastatic Melanoma;Methods;Microfluidic Microchips;Microfluidics;migration;Modeling;Molecular;molecular imaging;molecular phenotype;Molecular Profiling;Mus;nanoparticle;Neoplasm Metastasis;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutics;Organ;Outcome;Output;Pathology;Patients;Pattern;Phase;Phenotype;Physiological Processes;Population;Positioning Attribute;Positron-Emission Tomography;pre-clinical;Pre-Clinical Model;pre-clinical research;predicting response;Predictive Factor;Process;programs;Proteins;Radioactivity;Radiolabeled;radiotracer;receptor expression;reconstruction;Reporter;Reproducibility;Role;Route;Signal Transduction;Silicon Dioxide;spatiotemporal;stem cell migration;stem cell therapy;Surface;survival prediction;System;Technology;Testing;Time;tool;Toxic effect;Tracer;trafficking;Translating;Translational Research;Translations;treatment optimization;Treatment Protocols;Validation

PROJECT_TITLE: New tools for tracking single cells in vivo

STUDY_SECTION: IPCA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Imaging Probes and Contrast Agents Study Section[IPCA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Biomedical Imaging;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHIATRY

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Project Narrative Early life stress (ELS) causes abnormal connections in circuits that regulate anxiety in mice and humans. Exactly how ELS alters these connections and how these changes contribute to elevated anxiety are questions that are difficult to study in humans. In this application we present preliminary data showing that circuits that regulate anxiety are refined during development by cells called microglia and that exposure to ELS interferes with this process leading to elevated levels of anxiety in mice exposed to ELS.

PI_NAMEs: KAFFMAN, ARIE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TONELLI, LEONARDO HERALDO

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adolescent;Adult;Affect;Age;Amygdaloid structure;Anxiety;Anxiety Disorders;anxiety reduction;anxiety-like behavior;Beds;Brain;cell motility;Cells;Complex;Data;Development;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;early life adversity;early life stress;Exposure to;Female;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Gene Expression;Genetic;Hippocampus;Human;Immune response;Impairment;Individual;insight;Life;male;Mediating;Microglia;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;Names;novel;novel imaging technique;overexpression;Phagocytes;Phenocopy;Play;postnatal;postnatal period;Prefrontal Cortex;Process;programs;protein expression;Psychopathology;Resolution;Rest;Risk;Rodent;Role;sex;Stress;stress reduction;synaptic pruning;Testing;tool;transcription factor;Transgenic Animals;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Role of microglial IRF8 in the developmental consequences of early adversity

STUDY_SECTION: DBD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Developmental Brain Disorders Study Section[DBD]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Natural Products

ORG_CITY: COLUMBIA

ORG_DEPT: CHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA

ORG_STATE: SC

PHR: Project Narrative-Relevance to Public Health The threats by bacteria against antimicrobial agents is a challenging issue in treating infectious diseases. We propose to innovate novel macromolecular compositions that possess local facial amphiphilicity attached from a flexible macromolecular chain, which overcomes the limits of existing host-defense peptides and antimicrobial polymers. The proposed research will have a significant impact on advancing the development of novel antimicrobial agents for the success of multidrug-resistant bacteria-associated infections.

PI_NAMEs: TANG, CHUANBING  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: XU, ZUOYU

PROJECT_TERMS: abietic acid;Adopted;Advanced Development;Affinity;alpha helix;amphiphilicity;anti-microbial drug;anti-microbial peptide;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;Antimicrobial Resistance;Area;Autoimmunity;Bacteria;Bacterial Infections;bacterial resistance;Binding;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Death;cell injury;Cell membrane;Cells;Cellular Structures;Charge;Cholic Acids;combat;Communicable Diseases;Computer Models;Coupled;cyclic compound;Cytolysis;Cytoplasm;cytotoxic;cytotoxicity;Data;design;Diterpenes;Dyes;Ensure;Enterobacteriaceae;Equilibrium;Eukaryotic Cell;Event;Extravasation;Face;Family;fighting;flexibility;global health;Gram-Negative Bacteria;Healthcare;Host Defense;Human;hydrophilicity;Hydrophobic Interactions;Hydrophobicity;Hypersensitivity;Immune;Immunosuppression;In Vitro;in vitro testing;in vivo;Incentives;indexing;Infection;innovation;lipophilicity;macromolecule;manufacturing cost;Measures;Membrane;Microbial Biofilms;Molecular Conformation;Molecular Target;Multiple Bacterial Drug Resistance;Mus;Natural Products;next generation;novel;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Penetration;Peptides;peptidomimetics;Periodicity;Polymers;Predisposition;pressure;Process;Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Public Health;Reproducibility;Research;Resistance;resistance mechanism;segregation;Series;Side;Steroids;Structure;success;System;systemic toxicity;Terpenes;Testing;Toxic effect;Toxicity Tests;urgent and serious threat;ursolic acid;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Control of Facial Amphiphilicity to Tune Macromolecular Interactions with Bacteria

STUDY_SECTION: BMBI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Biomaterials and Biointerfaces Study Section[BMBI]


ORG_CITY: LOS ANGELES

ORG_DEPT: PHYSIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES

PHR: Project Narrative A-to-I RNA editing is a very prevalent type of RNA modification in human cells. An increasing number of A-to-I editing sites is being identified in various organisms, but mostly having unknown functional roles or regulatory mechanisms. The proposed research aims to develop and apply bioinformatic and experimental approaches to study the function and regulation of RNA editing in human brain, providing a basis for future studies on how RNA editing may contribute to human diseases.

PI_NAMEs: XIAO, XINSHU GRACE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PEVSNER, JONATHAN ABRAM

PROJECT_TERMS: 3' Untranslated Regions;Address;Adenosine;Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;Amino Acid Sequence;Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Animals;Area;ASD patient;autism spectrum disorder;Autopsy;Bioinformatics;Biological Assay;biological systems;Brain;cell type;Cells;Code;Cognition;Collection;comparison control;Data;Data Set;Development;Disease;Double-Stranded RNA;dsRNA adenosine deaminase;Embryo;Enzymes;Evolution;experimental study;Future;Gene Expression Regulation;Genes;genetic regulatory protein;Genetic Transcription;Genomics;Health;high throughput screening;Human;Human Biology;human disease;Individual;Inosine;insight;Introns;Life;Malignant Neoplasms;Mammals;Membrane;Mental Depression;Messenger RNA;Methodology;Methods;Modification;Molecular;Nervous System;Neurobiology;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;Neurologic Dysfunctions;neuropsychiatric disorder;neurotransmission;novel;Nucleotides;Organism;Pattern;Phenotype;Post-Transcriptional Regulation;Primates;Protein Family;Proteins;Publishing;Regulation;Reporter;Reporting;Research;RNA;RNA analysis;RNA Editing;RNA Processing;RNA Sequences;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;Sampling;Schizophrenia;Series;Signal Transduction;Site;success;Technology;Testing;Tissues;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Untranslated Regions;Untranslated RNA;Variant;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Systematic approaches to deciphering regulation and function of RNA editing in brain

STUDY_SECTION: GCAT

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Genomics, Computational Biology and Technology Study Section[GCAT]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Pneumonia;Pneumonia and Influenza

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

PHR: Narrative  Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important opportunistic pathogen that is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis patients and one of the most common causes of ventilator-associated and hospital-acquired pneumonia. Our studies are expected to reveal how two post-transcriptional regulators that are essential for the virulence of this organism control the expression of target genes. This work has the potential to reveal novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.

PI_NAMEs: DOVE, SIMON L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ERNST, NANCY L

PROJECT_TERMS: acute infection;Bacteria;Base Pairing;Binding;burn wound;Chronic;chronic infection;Coupled;cystic fibrosis patients;DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase;Enzymes;Escherichia coli;experimental study;Family;Free Ribosome;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Regulation;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Gram-Negative Bacteria;human pathogen;Infection;Licensing;Lung infections;Mediating;member;Messenger RNA;Molecular Chaperones;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;new therapeutic target;Nosocomial pneumonia;opportunistic pathogen;Organism;Orthologous Gene;pathogenic bacteria;Patients;Phenotype;posttranscriptional;Prevention;protein protein interaction;Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection;recruit;rho;Rho Factor;ribonuclease E;Ribonucleases;RNA;RNA Degradation;RNA-Binding Proteins;Sepsis;Stretching;Testing;Transcript;transcription termination;Translational Repression;Translations;Ventilator;Virulence;virulence gene;Work;Wound Infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Global post-transcriptional regulators in P. aeruginosa

STUDY_SECTION: BACP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Bacterial Pathogenesis Study Section[BACP]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL

ORG_NAME: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL

PHR: Project Narrative Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with aging and with virtually all age-related diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease), however it remains unclear how this dysfunction arises and if it truly causes these conditions. This objective of this project is to use state-of-the-art human genetics approaches to understand (1) the association landscape linking mitochondrial dysfunction and age-related disease, (2) if this dysfunction is causal for the disease, and (3) the genetic architecture underlying the dysfunction itself. This proposal has the potential to provide clarity on the mechanisms underlying aging, age- related disease and mitochondrial dysfunction, potentially nominating new therapeutic targets and strategies.

PI_NAMEs: GUPTA, RAHUL  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WILLIAMS, JOHN

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Age;age effect;age related;age related chronic disease;age-related disease;Aging;aging population;aging related;Agreement;American;Architecture;biobank;Biological Markers;Biology;Blood;burden of illness;Cardiovascular Diseases;career;Cell Respiration;Cells;Cessation of life;clinical care;cohort;Communities;Complex;Coronary Arteriosclerosis;Data;Disease;disorder risk;DNA;Educational process of instructing;Elderly;Etiology;exome;Fluorescence;Functional disorder;Genes;Genetic;genetic approach;genetic architecture;Genetic Variation;genome wide association study;genomic locus;Genotype;Goals;hallmarks of aging;Heritability;Human;Human Genetics;Impairment;Individual;Inherited;insight;Investigation;Laboratories;Lesion;Link;Literature;Measures;medical schools;Mendelian randomization;Mentorship;metabolomics;Methods;Mitochondria;Mitochondrial Diseases;Mitochondrial DNA;mitochondrial DNA mutation;mitochondrial dysfunction;Mitochondrial Proteins;model organism;Modeling;Mus;Mutation;Neurodegenerative Disorders;new therapeutic target;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;novel;novel marker;Nuclear;oral communication;Organelles;Oxidative Phosphorylation;Pathogenesis;Patients;Phenotype;Population;Predisposition;Production;Proteome;Publishing;Rare Diseases;rare variant;Resources;Rest;Risk;Role;Sampling;Scientist;skills;Somatic Mutation;statistics;Structure;Testing;Therapeutic;Training;trait;Validation;Variant;virtual;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related disease: a human genetic approach


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Assistive Technology;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Disability Research;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences;Rehabilitation

PHR: Project Narrative Cortical visual prosthetics (CVPs) aim to restore some degree of sight or a functional analogue for people who are blind, potentially offering life-altering benefits via a distinctive, brain-based approach. CVP research raises complex questions about potential impacts on identity, autonomy, quality of life, and other dimensions of non- clinical risk and benefit, as well as important considerations of access, avoidance of group harms to the blind community, and how to conceptualize and measure research success. This project will identify and address ethics and policy dimensions of next-generation CVP systems informed by the perspectives of key stakeholders (researchers and research participants), helping to maximize individual and social benefits of CVP research while minimizing its risks and providing values-based guidance for development of neurotechnologies aiming to restore vision and other physiological functions.

PI_NAMEs: ZUK, PETER DAVID (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: VAN'T VEER, ASHLEE VICTORIA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;analog;Anatomy;Attention;Benefits and Risks;blind;Blindness;brain based;brain computer interface;BRAIN initiative;Bypass;Communication;communication device;Communities;Complex;Data;Deep Brain Stimulation;Development;Devices;Dimensions;disability;Elements;Eligibility Determination;Emerging Technologies;empowerment;Ethical Analysis;Ethics;Ethnography;expectation;experience;FarGo;Feasibility Studies;Funding;Future;Goals;Human Subject Research;improved;Individual;innovation;insight;Institution;Intervention;Interview;Life;Literature;Measures;member;Mentors;Methods;Modality;Movement Disorders;Nature;neural;neural implant;neuroethics;neurotechnology;next generation;Ocular Prosthesis;Participant;participant observation;Persons;Physiological;Policies;programs;Prosthesis;Publications;Publishing;Qualifying;Quality of life;Research;Research Personnel;restoration;Risk;Role;sensory prosthesis;sight restoration;social;stakeholder perspectives;Structure;success;surgical risk;Surveys;System;Technology;tool;Training;Uncertainty;United States National Institutes of Health;Upper Extremity;Vision;Visual;Visual Cortex;Visual Perception;Visually Impaired Persons;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Ethical and Policy Aspects of Cortical Visual Prosthetics Research: An Empirical Neuroethics Study


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

ORG_CITY: TUCSON

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

ORG_STATE: AZ

PHR: This project seeks to understand the role of EWSR1 to participate in the activity of a fusion protein, EWS-FLI1, and drive Ewing sarcoma development by involving a process known as phase separation, creating a semi-stable molecular scaffold. Our working model is that these molecular scaffolds localize the machinery for transcription to active genes and aberrant molecular scaffolds introduced by the EWS-FLI1 fusion can titrate away EWSR1 activity. This proposal uses a proteomics, genomics, and biochemical approaches to investigate the ability of EWS-FLI1 to redirect EWSR1 activity in the cell.

PI_NAMEs: SCHWARTZ, JACOB C. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WITKIN, KEREN L

PROJECT_TERMS: Adolescent;Affect;Affinity;Binding;Biochemical;biochemical model;Bone neoplasms;Cells;Childhood;childhood sarcoma;Chimeric Proteins;Chromatin;chromatin remodeling;Complex;Cytoplasmic Granules;Development;Diagnosis;Disease;DNA;DNA Methylation;DNA Repair;DNA Structure;Effectiveness;Enhancers;Enzymes;Equilibrium;Event;Ewings sarcoma;EWS-FLI1 fusion protein;EWSR1 gene;Family;FLI1 gene;Gene Expression;Gene Mutation;Gene Silencing;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Heterogeneity;Genetic Transcription;Genome;Genomics;Goals;granule cell;histone modification;Homologous Gene;In Vitro;Invaded;Knowledge;Link;Liquid substance;Localized Disease;Malignant Bone Neoplasm;Micrometastasis;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Biology;monomer;Neurodegenerative Disorders;next generation sequencing;novel;novel strategies;Nucleic Acid Binding;nucleic acid structure;Nucleic Acids;Oncogenes;Organelles;Outcome;overexpression;Pathology;Patients;Persons;Phase;Physical condensation;Play;primary bone cancer;Process;prognostic of survival;programs;Property;Protein Engineering;Protein Family;protein oligomer;Proteins;Proteomics;recruit;Repressor Proteins;Research;RNA;RNA Binding;RNA Polymerase II;RNA-Binding Protein EWS;RNA-Binding Protein FUS;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;Sarcoma;scaffold;Small Interfering RNA;small molecule;Solid;Structure;TAF15 gene;Techniques;Tertiary Protein Structure;Titrations;transcription factor;Transcriptional Activation;Transcriptional Regulation;tumor;tumorigenesis;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Phase separation control of transcription in Ewing sarcoma

STUDY_SECTION: CAMP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cancer Molecular Pathobiology Study Section[CAMP]


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Immunization

PHR: Project Narrative Years of research have shown that disease frequently accompanies changes in the glycome. We hypothesize that this stems from a previously unrecognized pathway of dynamic and targeted regulation of protein glycosylation which serves to modulate form and function to meet the immediate biological need. Our proposal is centered on a key enzyme responsible for the addition of sialic acids on glycoproteins, whose action appears to fall well outside of the canonical secretory pathway to modulate sialylation of B cell-secreted IgG antibodies. The action of this enzyme, the cellular microenvironment necessary to support its function, and its role in inflammatory disease will be investigated as an exemplar of a novel glycosylation pathway for glycoproteins outside of the originating cell. We believe that this will pave the way towards the manipulation of the glycome to influence disease progression and susceptibility.

PI_NAMEs: COBB, BRIAN A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BOND, MICHELLE RUEFFER

PROJECT_TERMS: ABO blood group system;Affinity;Age;Agonist;Alpha Granule;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Antibodies;Autoimmune;Autoimmune Diseases;Autoimmunity;B-Lymphocytes;Back;bench to bedside;bevacizumab;Biological;Biology;Black Box;Blood Platelets;Cell secretion;Cells;Characteristics;Critical Pathways;Cytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid;Data;Development;Disease;Disease Progression;Disease susceptibility;Endocytosis;Environment;Enzymes;extracellular;falls;Fc domain;Galactose;Generations;Glycobiology;Glycoproteins;glycosylation;Health;Hematopoietic;Hemostatic Agents;Homeostasis;Human;Immune;Immunity;Immunoglobulin G;Immunoglobulin Therapy;Immunologics;immunoregulation;in vivo;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Intravenous Immunoglobulins;Leukocyte Trafficking;Link;Location;Maintenance;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Modeling;Modification;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;Mouse Strains;Multiple Sclerosis;Mus;N-Glycosylation Site;Nature;novel;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacotherapy;Plasma;Play;Polysaccharides;Process;Production;protein degradation;Protein Glycosylation;Publishing;receptor;Regulation;Research;Rheumatoid Arthritis;Role;sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin;Sialic Acids;sialylation;Sialyltransferases;Signal Transduction;stem;sugar nucleotide;System;Testing;Therapeutic;Thrombin;Time;trafficking;Transplantation;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Regulatory Mechanisms of Glycoprotein Sialylation

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-CB-Z(02)M]


ORG_DEPT: NEUROSCIENCES

PHR: Project Narrative Alterations in neuronal and glia activity during ageing have been associated with cognitive decline, seizures, neurodegeneration, and other age-related neuropathology. We found that microglia, the resident macrophages of the brain, play a critical role in protecting the brain from aberrant neuronal activation via a novel adenosine- dependent mechanism that appears to be attenuated in the aging brain. In this proposal we will address the mechanism of microglia-controlled neuronal activity regulation and its potential contribution to age-dependent alterations by integrating highly specific genetic and molecular approaches with assessment of mouse behavior.

PI_NAMEs: HWANG, PHILIP HENRY (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HAAKENSON, CHELSEA MARIE

PROJECT_TERMS: 2 year old;Ablation;Address;Adenosine;Adult;Affect;Affinity Chromatography;Age;age related;age related changes;age-related disease;Aging;aging brain;aging related;Agonist;animal old age;Animals;Attenuated;Behavior;Brain;Brain region;Cells;Corpus striatum structure;Data;Development;Disease;Enzymes;experimental study;extracellular;Feedback;Functional disorder;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Profiling;Generations;Genes;Genetic;genetic approach;Glutamates;Goals;Human;Immediate-Early Genes;Impaired cognition;in vivo;Induced Neurons;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;Knock-out;Locomotion;Macrophage;Mediating;Metabolism;Microdialysis;Microglia;Modeling;Molecular;Motor Activity;mouse model;Mus;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neuroglia;neuronal circuitry;neuronal excitability;Neurons;neuropathology;neuroprotection;neurotransmission;novel;novel strategies;old mice;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Play;postsynaptic;postsynaptic neurons;Predisposition;presynaptic;Prevention;Production;Purinergic P1 Receptors;receptor;Regulation;response;Ribosomes;Role;Seizures;Specificity;Synapses;Transgenic Mice;Translating

PROJECT_TITLE: Age-dependent effects on microglia-mediated control of neuronal activity


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Atherosclerosis;Cardiovascular;Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions;Clinical Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Heart Disease;Pediatric;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: Los Angeles

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

PHR: Project Narrative The proposed project will be the first study to evaluate changes in subclinical measures of atherosclerosis over time from childhood to adulthood and assess the impact of lifetime air pollution exposure on early phases of atherosclerosis progression. Identifying patterns of change in subclinical measures of atherosclerosis during a critical developmental window and defining atherosclerosis progression in relation to ambient and traffic-related air pollution exposure is essential to pinpoint opportunities for intervention.

PI_NAMEs: FARZAN, SHOHREH F (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JOUBERT, BONNIE

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Address;Adult;Affect;Age;Air Pollutants;Air Pollution;arterial stiffness;atherogenesis;Atherosclerosis;Biological Markers;blood glucose regulation;blood lipid;blood pressure elevation;Body mass index;California;cardiometabolism;Cardiovascular Diseases;cardiovascular disorder prevention;cardiovascular disorder risk;cardiovascular health;Cardiovascular Manifestation;Cardiovascular system;Carotid Arteries;Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease;carotid intima-media thickness;Cessation of life;Child;Child Health;Childhood;Chronic;Clinical;critical developmental period;critical period;Cross-Sectional Studies;Deposition;Development;Disease;Disease Progression;Early Diagnosis;early life exposure;emerging adult;Environmental Risk Factor;Ethnic Origin;Exposure to;follow-up;Functional disorder;Glucose;Glycosylated hemoglobin A;Health;Homeostasis;Image;insight;Intervention;intimal medial thickening;Investigation;Knowledge;late life;Life;Life Cycle Stages;Link;Lipids;Long-Term Effects;Longitudinal Studies;Measures;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;novel;Participant;Particulate Matter;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Pattern;Phase;Phenotype;Population;prenatal;Prevention strategy;Process;Race;Risk Factors;Role;sex;Testing;Time;tool;traffic-related air pollution;Ultrasonography;ultrasound;United States National Institutes of Health;university student;young adult

PROJECT_TITLE: Air pollutant exposure and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis during the critical transition from childhood to adulthood

STUDY_SECTION: CHSB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cancer, Heart, and Sleep Epidemiology B Study Section[CHSB]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cancer;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human

ORG_CITY: PORTLAND

ORG_DEPT: ANATOMY/CELL BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: OR

PHR: Project Narrative A significant obstacle to the successful treatment for cancer is identifying and eradicating treatment-resistant tumor cells, the so-called tumor-initiating cells (TICs). Our incomplete understanding of the complexity of the TIC niche microenvironment and the plasticity of TICs is an outstanding barrier to improving therapeutic efficacy, and thus without rational treatment strategies, drug resistance will likely remain a life-threatening problem for cancer patients. Here we will investigate the cellular interactions between TICs and their supporting cells to find novel avenues to destabilize TIC functions and improve treatment efficacy.

PI_NAMEs: OSHIMORI, NAOKI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MERCER, NATALIA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Address;Antioxidants;ATAC-seq;Cancer Patient;cancer therapy;cancer type;Cell Physiology;Cell Survival;Cells;chemotherapy;combat;Critical Pathways;Cues;cytokine;Cytoprotection;Data;Development;Disease;Distant;Drug resistance;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic regulation;Exhibits;Genes;Goals;Growth;Homeostasis;IgE;Immune;Immunohistochemistry;improved;in vivo;Label;Life;Macrophage;Malignant - descriptor;Malignant Neoplasms;malignant phenotype;Mediating;Metabolism;meter;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Profiling;mouse model;Myeloid Cells;neoplastic cell;novel;Oncogenic;paracrine;Paracrine Communication;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Play;programs;Property;Radial;RAS genes;recruit;Recurrence;Recurrent tumor;refractory cancer;Regulation;Research;Research Project Grants;Resistance;response;Role;Signal Transduction;Signaling Molecule;single-cell RNA sequencing;Solid Neoplasm;Squamous cell carcinoma;stem;stem cell function;stem cell niche;stem cells;Stress;Stromal Cells;Supporting Cell;System;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Intervention;therapy resistant;Tissues;transcription factor;Transcriptional Regulation;transcriptome sequencing;Treatment Efficacy;Treatment Failure;treatment strategy;tumor;tumor initiation;tumor microenvironment;tumor progression;Tumor Promotion;Tumor Tissue;tumorigenesis

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanisms of cellular crosstalk in tumor-promoting niche formation

STUDY_SECTION: TME

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Tumor Microenvironment Study Section[TME]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Mental Health;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This study will determine how the immune cells of the brain, known as microglia, change the synaptic connections between nerve cells in the brain. We will test the hypothesis that microglia engulf and remodel a lattice-like structure between cells known as the extracellular matrix. This novel mechanism could help explain how immune signals can impact the formation of long-term memories.

PI_NAMEs: MOLOFSKY, ANNA V (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;aggrecan;Alzheimer's Disease;Animals;Astrocytes;Brain;brain cell;brain parenchyma;Brain region;brain remodeling;brevican;Calcium;Cells;Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan;Cognition Disorders;Communication;conditioned fear;cytokine;Data;Dendritic Spines;Dependence;Development;Discrimination;Disease;excitatory neuron;experience;Extracellular Matrix;Extracellular Matrix Proteins;Family;fear memory;Filopodia;Fright;frontal lobe;gain of function;glial activation;Goals;Head;Hippocampus;Homeostasis;Image;Immune;Immune signaling;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;Impaired cognition;Impairment;inhibitory neuron;interest;Interleukin-1;Interleukins;Interneurons;Learning;Link;long term memory;Macrophage;Matrix Metalloproteinases;Mediating;Memory;memory consolidation;memory encoding;memory recall;memory retrieval;Microglia;Molecular;Mus;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neurogenesis;neuronal patterning;Neurons;neurotransmission;novel;optogenetics;Outcome;Parvalbumins;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Peptide Hydrolases;Phagocytes;Population;Process;Publishing;receptor;recruit;Regulation;response;Role;Schizophrenia;Shapes;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Stress;Structure;Synapses;Synaptic plasticity;synaptogenesis;Testing;Time;Tissues;Training;transcriptome sequencing;Traumatic Brain Injury;Vertebral column;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Microglial remodeling of the extracellular matrix in memory circuits

STUDY_SECTION: CMBG

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular and Molecular Biology of Glia Study Section[CMBG]


ORG_CITY: Boulder

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO

ORG_STATE: CO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Cancer cells that are deficient in homologous recombination (HR) rely on an alternative pathway, Alt-EJ, to repair DNA breaks induced by replication. As a consequence, inhibition of Alt-EJ is lethal in these cancers, and could be used as a therapeutic approach to eliminate HR-deficient cancers. We have identified the nuclease APE2 as an uncharacterized central player of Alt-EJ, and we will determine its molecular function and its potential as a novel therapeutic target.

PI_NAMEs: ARNOULT, NAUSICA C. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;APEXL2 Gene;Attention;Base Excision Repairs;Biochemical;Biological Assay;cancer cell;cell growth;Cells;Chemicals;chromatin immunoprecipitation;Comprehension;cost;CRISPR screen;Data;Defect;design;Development;DNA Binding;DNA Damage;DNA Double Strand Break;DNA Repair;DNA Repair Pathway;Double Strand Break Repair;Drug resistance;endonuclease;Exonuclease;experimental study;Future;genetic approach;Genome Stability;genome-wide;Genomic Instability;homologous recombination;homologous recombination deficiency;Human;Immunofluorescence Immunologic;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;inhibitor;innovation;interest;Knowledge;Malignant Breast Neoplasm;Malignant neoplasm of ovary;Malignant neoplasm of pancreas;Malignant neoplasm of prostate;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;Mutate;Mutation;new therapeutic target;Nonhomologous DNA End Joining;Normal Cell;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;nuclease;Ovarian Carcinoma;Pathway interactions;Peptides;Phosphodiesterase I;phosphoric diester hydrolase;Play;Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor;Positioning Attribute;prevent;Progression-Free Survivals;Proteins;Proteomics;recruit;Relapse;repair function;repaired;Reporter;Research;Resistance;Role;sensor;synergism;synthetic lethal interaction;telomere;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic evaluation;therapeutic target;tool;tumor;Up-Regulation;Zinc Fingers

PROJECT_TITLE: Deciphering the function of the APE2 nuclease during repair by alternative end-joining and its role in HR-deficient cells

STUDY_SECTION: CE

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cancer Etiology Study Section[CE]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Anxiety Disorders;Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_NAME: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are often elicited by environmental stimuli that were not directly present during trauma; therefore, understanding how fear spreads to non-trauma associated stimuli is paramount to PTSD treatment. Recently, we found that memories are temporally linked by overlapping neural ensembles and that this temporal linking permits the spread of fear to neutral stimuli occurring days prior to an aversive event. The experiments in this proposal will leverage the most cutting-edge in vivo imaging with Miniscopes, in vivo tagging and in vivo chemogenetic techniques to dissect the circuit mechanisms underlying the temporal linking of aversive events in an effort to advance novel treatments for PTSD.

PI_NAMEs: CAI, DENISE JADE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: VICENTIC, ALEKSANDRA

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Amygdaloid structure;Animals;Behavior;Cells;Clinical;conditioned fear;Cues;Data;Development;Emotional;Environment;Event;experience;experimental study;foot;Fright;Future;Genetic;genetic manipulation;Genetic Techniques;Goals;Hippocampus;Hour;Image;Immediate-Early Genes;in vivo;in vivo calcium imaging;in vivo imaging;insight;interdisciplinary approach;Knowledge;Learning;Link;Mediating;Memory;memory acquisition;memory encoding;memory retrieval;Microscope;Modeling;Mus;Negative Valence;neural;novel;Pathologic;Phase;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Predictive Value;prevent;Process;prospective;response;Retrieval;sensory stimulus;Shock;Stimulus;symptomatology;Symptoms;Synaptic plasticity;System;Testing;Time;Trauma;traumatic event;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Circuit mechanisms of retrospective memory-linking

STUDY_SECTION: LAM

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neurobiology of Learning and Memory Study Section[LAM]


ADMINISTERING_IC: FD

IC_NAME: FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION

ORG_CITY: WASHINGTON

ORG_NAME: NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

ORG_STATE: DC

PHR: Project Narrative The Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation (the Forum) of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (the National Academies) was created in 2005 by the National Academies Board on Health Sciences Policy to provide a unique platform for dialogue and collaboration among thought leaders and stakeholders in government, academia, industry, foundations, and patient advocacy with an interest in improving the system of drug discovery, development, and translation. The Forum brings together leaders from private-sector sponsors of biomedical and clinical research, federal agencies sponsoring and regulating biomedical and clinical research, the academic community, and patients, and in doing so serves to educate the policy community about issues where science and policy intersect.

PI_NAMEs: SHORE, CAROLYN K (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CARLSEN, CHRISTOPHER


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Pediatric;Prevention

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_NAME: CHILDREN'S HOSP OF PHILADELPHIA

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: Kingella kingae has emerged as a leading cause of septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, sepsis, and other invasive diseases in young children between 6 months and 4 years of age and is associated with significant short-term and long-term morbidity. Reports that an increasing percentage of K. kingae isolates are resistant to β-lactams and other antibiotics raise concern about approaches to treatment in the future and underscore the need for an effective approach to disease prevention. The overarching objective of this proposal is to understand the biosynthesis, surface anchoring, pathogenic properties, immunogenicity, and vaccine potential of the K. kingae exopolysaccharide, which is critical for full K. kingae virulence.

PI_NAMEs: ST. GEME, JOSEPH W. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: UPADHYAY, MEENU MISHRA

PROJECT_TERMS: 4 year old;Accounting;Acute suppurative arthritis due to bacteria;Address;Adult;Alleles;Anabolism;Animals;anti-microbial peptide;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotics;Antibodies;Antibody Therapy;Antimicrobial Resistance;Articulation;Awareness;Bacterial Adhesins;bacterial resistance;beta-Lactam Resistance;beta-Lactamase;Biological Assay;Biology;Blood Circulation;bone;Bone Growth;capsule;Child;Chronic;Culture Techniques;Detection;Development;Diagnostic Procedure;Diphtheria Toxin;Disease;disorder prevention;Distant;emerging pathogen;Endocardium;Family;Functional disorder;Future;gene product;Glycoconjugates;Human;Immune response;immunogenic;immunogenicity;improved;Incidence;Infant;Infection;insight;Invaded;Joint Dislocation;joint infection;joint mobilization;Joints;Kingella kingae;Lipopolysaccharides;Mediating;member;Modeling;molecular diagnostics;Monobactams;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;multiorgan injury;mutant;Nature;Neisseria gonorrhoeae;Neisseriaceae;neutrophil;Organism;Oropharyngeal;Osteomyelitis;pathogen;Pathogenesis;pathogenic bacteria;Pathogenicity;Phagocytosis;Pilum;Polysaccharides;prevent;Production;Property;protective efficacy;Rattus;Reporting;Residual state;Resistance;Sampling;Sepsis;Series;Serum;Side;Site;skeletal;Structure;Surface;Testing;Toxin;Vaccine Antigen;Vaccines;Virulence;Virulence Factors;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Pathogenicity of the emerging pathogen Kingella kingae


ADMINISTERING_IC: AA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health;Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Pediatric;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse;Underage Drinking

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed research will examine whether problematic drinking operates like other habitual behaviors: reliant on contextual stability, free of intentions, and reduced upon disruption of contexts that sustain it. By leveraging typically-occurring transitions in young adulthood as instances of disruption, this work will help identify a window of opportunity for translating intentions into changes and enhancing the effectiveness of alcohol use prevention and intervention efforts.

PI_NAMEs: CHARDULO DIAS DE ANDRADE, FERNANDA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KERRIDGE, BRADLEY TOWNSEND

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Accidental Injury;Alcohol abuse;Alcohol consumption;Alcohol dependence;Behavior;binge drinking;Brain;career;Chemicals;Cognitive deficits;Communication;Competence;Complex;critical period;Cues;Data;Data Analyses;Data Collection;design;deter alcohol use;Development;drinking;drinking behavior;Education;Effectiveness;Enrollment;Environment;environmental change;Equation;evidence base;experience;Family;flexibility;Frequencies;Funding;Goals;Grant;Habits;Health;Heavy Drinking;hedonic;Housing;Individual;Individual Differences;Informal Social Control;Intention;interdisciplinary approach;Intervention;Knowledge;Life;Life Style;longitudinal design;Longitudinal Studies;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Meditation;men;Methods;Modeling;mortality risk;multidisciplinary;National Institute of Drug Abuse;Neurobiology;North Carolina;Outcome;Participant;Patient Recruitments;Personality Tests;Persons;polysubstance use;Population;Prevention;Process;protective factors;Psychological Dependence;Psychological Impact;Publications;Recurrence;reduced alcohol use;Research;Research Design;Research Personnel;Resources;Risk;Role;Sampling;Science;Self-control as a personality trait;skills;social;Social Change;Social Network;Social Sciences;Societies;statistics;Substance Use Disorder;Surveys;Techniques;Testing;Training;Translating;Translational Research;Translations;Variant;Woman;Work;Writing;young adult

PROJECT_TITLE: Impact of Lifestyle Disruptions on Problem Drinking in Young Adulthood


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Aphasia;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Cerebrovascular;Clinical Research;Depression;Major Depressive Disorder;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Physical Activity;Rehabilitation;Stroke

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_NAME: REHABILITATION INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO D/B/A SHIRLEY RYAN ABILITYLAB

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: The proposed study focuses on developing and validating a daily life measure of depression for persons with aphasia and investigating its association with communicative confidence. Results will contribute to new evidence regarding the validity of a daily-life measure of depression and its relationship with communicative confidence. An accurate identification of depression in persons with aphasia in their natural environment can lead to real-time depression interventions which can ultimately improve their daily life.

PI_NAMEs: ASHAIE, SAMEER AFZAL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RIVERA-RENTAS, ALBERTO L

PROJECT_TERMS: Adopted;Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;American;Aphasia;Assessment tool;Behavior;career;Caregivers;Cellular Phone;Clinical assessments;cognitive interview;cognitive performance;Communication;Community Participation;Comprehension;Data;demographics;depressive symptoms;design;design and construction;diagnostic criteria;Diagnostics Research;Ecological momentary assessment;Educational workshop;Ensure;Environment;Exclusion;expectation;experience;Focus Groups;Foundations;Friends;Funding;Goals;improved;Individual;innovation;Intervention;K-Series Research Career Programs;Knowledge;Language;Lead;Left;Life;Major Depressive Disorder;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mental Depression;Mentors;Mentorship;Methods;mood symptom;Moods;mortality;multimodality;Nature;Neurologic;novel;Pathologist;Patients;Persons;Physical activity;Population;post stroke depression;Psychopathology;Quality of life;Questionnaires;Reading;response;Sampling;Scientist;sensor;Social Well-Being;Speech;statistics;Stroke;Surveys;Symptoms;Testing;Time;Training;Training Activity;United States National Institutes of Health;usability;user centered design;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing a daily life measure of depression for persons with aphasia and examining its relation with communicative confidence


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Digestive Diseases;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Kidney Disease;Urologic Diseases

ORG_CITY: UNION

ORG_NAME: PROKARYOTICS, INC.

ORG_STATE: NJ

PHR: Narrative Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections both in the hospital and community setting, and complicated UTIs are severe, life-threatening, and typically caused by multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. The extensive spread of CRE has prompted the CDC to designate it as an Urgent Threat pathogen. This project seeks to develop a mechanistically novel IV and PO administered therapeutic to treat uncomplicated UTIs and complicated UTIs caused by antibiotic susceptible and multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, including extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

PI_NAMEs: ROEMER, TERRY  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: acute pyelonephritis;Address;American;analog;Anti-Bacterial Agents;Antibiotic susceptibility;Antibiotics;ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters;Bacterial Infections;bactericide;Binding Proteins;Biochemical;Biogenesis;carbapenem resistance;carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae;Cell Survival;Cells;Chemicals;Clinical;clinical development;Coculture Techniques;Communities;community setting;Complex;cost;Cytoplasm;cytotoxicity;Development;Dose;Drug Design;Economic Burden;Enterobacteriaceae;Enterobacteriaceae Infections;Enzymes;Equation;Escherichia coli;Escherichia coli Infections;ESKAPE pathogens;European;Extended-spectrum β-lactamase;fluoroquinolone resistance;Formulation;Fright;Goals;Hepatocyte;HepG2;Hospitalization;Hospitals;improved;In Vitro;in vitro testing;in vivo;Incidence;indexing;Infection;inhibitor;innovation;Ion Channel;Kidney;Klebsiella pneumoniae;Lactamase;Lactams;Lead;lead optimization;lead series;Left;Life;Lipid A;Lipopolysaccharides;Marketing;Measures;Mediating;meetings;Membrane;membrane biogenesis;Membrane Proteins;Microsomes;minimal inhibitory concentration;Modeling;Monitor;Multi-Drug Resistance;Mus;New Agents;Nosocomial Infections;novel;O Antigens;Outpatients;overexpression;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Patients;periplasm;Peritonitis;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics;Phase;Plasma;Plasma Proteins;pre-clinical;programs;Property;Resistance;resistance frequency;Resolution;Roentgen Rays;safety study;scale up;Series;small molecule;small molecule inhibitor;Structure;Structure-Activity Relationship;subcutaneous;Superbug;synergism;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;trend;Urinary tract infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Development of a mechanistically novel Gram-negative antibiotic targeting MsbA-mediated Lipopolysaccharide Biogenesis

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-DDR-C(01)]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Pediatric

ORG_CITY: SEATTLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This training program is designed to equip clinically trained scientists with expertise in the science of environmental exposures and their health effects in early life. The scholars will conduct research with senior mentors and develop skills in translation of science to answer real life questions regarding the role of environmental factors on pregnancy health and child health and how to reduce these risks.

PI_NAMEs: KARR, CATHERINE J (contact);SATHYANARAYANA, SHEELA

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: O'FALLON, LIAM

PROJECT_TERMS: Advisory Committees;Advocate;Benchmarking;career development;Child;Childhood;Clinical;clinical training;Competence;Consultations;Development;Discipline of obstetrics;Elements;Environmental Health;Epidemiology;Evaluation;experience;Family;Family Practice;Future;Goals;Gynecology;Health Sciences;improved;Learning;medical specialties;Mentors;method development;novel;Occupational Health;outreach;pediatric department;Physicians;Policies;Practice based research;Program Development;Program Evaluation;programs;recruit;reproductive;Research;Research Methodology;Research Project Grants;Research Training;Scholars Program;Science;Scientist;Series;skills;Structure;success;Training;training opportunity;Translating;Translational Research;Translations;Trust;Universities;Voice;Washington

PROJECT_TITLE: University of Washington Pediatric and Reproductive Environmental Health Scholars (UW PREHS)


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vector-Borne Diseases

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

PHR: Narrative Tsetse fly transmitted zoonotic diseases caused by African trypanosomes are a major threat for public health in Africa. This study will advance knowledge on tsetse-trypanosome interactions in the salivary glands and on the immune dialogue at the bite site during the infection process. This knowledge has translational implications and will enable approaches towards the development of transmission blocking vaccines targeting metacyclic parasites transmitted in saliva.

PI_NAMEs: AKSOY, SERAP  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: COSTERO-SAINT DENIS, ADRIANA

PROJECT_TERMS: Africa;Africa South of the Sahara;African;Agriculture;Animals;Antigenic Variation;Antigens;Area;Biology;Bite;Blood;Blood Circulation;Bypass;Cells;Conflict (Psychology);Data;Development;Disease;Disease Progression;disorder control;disorder prevention;Domestic Animals;Environment;Epitopes;Event;exosome;experimental study;Family;fly;Foundations;frontier;Gene Expression;Human;Immune;Immune Evasion;Immune response;Immunity;immunogenic;Immunologics;Immunology;improved;Infection;Influentials;Insecta;Interruption;Investigation;Knowledge;Laboratories;Mammals;Mediating;member;Membrane Glycoproteins;Membrane Proteins;Methods;MicroRNAs;Midgut;Modification;Molecular;mouse model;neglect;novel;Nutrient availability;Organ;Parasitemia;Parasites;Parasitic infection;Parasitology;Patients;Peptide antibodies;Peptides;Peripheral;Physiology;Population;prevent;Process;Production;Productivity;programs;protein expression;Protein Family;Proteins;Public Health;Regulation;Saliva;saliva composition;Salivary Glands;Shapes;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;Surface;surface coating;symbiont;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;Thick;Time;Tissues;tool;Transfer Factor;translational applications;transmission blocking;transmission process;transmission-blocking vaccine;Trypanosoma;Trypanosoma brucei brucei;Tsetse Flies;Uganda;Vaccinated;Vaccination;vaccine efficacy;vaccine evaluation;vaccine strategy;Vaccines;Variant;vector;Wasting Syndrome;Wild Animals;World Health Organization;Zoonoses

PROJECT_TITLE: Trypanosome Transmission Biology in Tsetse

STUDY_SECTION: VB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Vector Biology Study Section[VB]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Hematology;Infectious Diseases;Sepsis

ORG_CITY: IOWA CITY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

ORG_STATE: IA

PHR: Candida glabrata is the second major cause of candidemias owing in part to its ability to develop high level resistance to azole antifungal drugs. This application is focused on developing inhibitors that block expression of a gene central to the most common cause of azole resistant isolates in the clinic.

PI_NAMEs: MOYE-ROWLEY, W SCOTT (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LIU, BAOYING

PROJECT_TERMS: Adjuvant;Adjuvant Therapy;Alleles;Amino Acid Substitution;Amphotericin B;anti-fungal agents;Antifungal Therapy;ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters;Attention;Automobile Driving;Azole resistance;Azoles;Biochemical Reaction;Biological Assay;Candida;Candida albicans;Candida glabrata;candidemia;CDR1 gene;Cells;chemical genetics;Chemicals;Clinic;Clinical;Collection;Complex;constitutive expression;Development;Disease;Drug Efflux;efflux pump;Exhibits;experimental study;FDA approved;Firefly Luciferases;Fluconazole;gain of function;Gene Expression;Gene Fusion;Genes;genetic analysis;genetic approach;Genetic Transcription;Goals;high throughput screening;Hyperactivity;Incidence;Infection;inhibitor;insight;Lead;Libraries;Luc Gene;Luciferases;Mammalian Cell;Measures;Mediating;Mediator;Molecular Target;Multi-Drug Resistance;Mutation;Pathogenicity;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Play;Point Mutation;Predisposition;prevent;Process;Production;Proteins;Reagent;Reporter;Resistance;Resistant candida;resistant strain;Resources;Role;scaffold;screening;Sepsis;small molecule;small molecule inhibitor;small molecule libraries;Specificity;Testing;Toxic effect;Transcription Coactivator;transcription factor;Transcriptional Activation;Transcriptional Regulation;transcriptome sequencing;trend;Work;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Chemical genetic analysis of Candida glabrata CDR1 expression

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-AIDC-B(83)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: ANN ARBOR

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR

ORG_STATE: MI

PHR: Emerging infections caused by antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii pose important public health problems. Of particular concern are ventilator-associated pneumonia and blood stream infections that may lead to sepsis. This proposal seeks to understand the mechanism by which some A. baumannii strains inhibit the growth of other Acinetobacter isolates and with this knowledge identify new ways to treat A. baumannii drug resistant infections.

PI_NAMEs: SANDKVIST, MARIA B (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acinetobacter;Acinetobacter baumannii;Address;Affect;Agar;Amino Acid Permease;Anabolism;Anti-Bacterial Agents;Antibiotic Resistance;Antimicrobial Resistance;Bacteria;Bacterial Toxins;bactericide;bacteriocin;Behavior;Binding Sites;Biochemical;Bioinformatics;Biological;Biological Assay;Blood;Candidate Disease Gene;Catheters;Cells;Cessation of life;Chemicals;Clinical;Code;Collection;combat;Communicable Diseases;Crude Extracts;Data;Databases;Dedications;Development;DNA;Drug resistance;Emerging infection;Environment;Escherichia coli;Experimental Designs;Family;Fluorescence Microscopy;Frequencies;gene complementation;Gene Deletion;Genes;genome sequencing;Gram-Negative Bacteria;Growth;Healthcare;Hospitals;Immunocompromised Host;Individual;Infection;innovation;Knowledge;Libraries;Life;Mediating;Michigan;microbial;Microbial Biofilms;microcin;Modification;Molecular;Multi-Drug Resistance;Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter;Mutagenesis;mutant;Mutation;Nature;new therapeutic target;non-healing wounds;Nosocomial Infections;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;Outcome;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;Patient Isolation;Patients;Peptides;Pharmacotherapy;Phenotype;Positioning Attribute;Post-Translational Protein Processing;precision drugs;Predisposition;Proteins;Public Health;Publishing;receptor;resistance gene;resistance mechanism;Ribosomes;Role;screening;Sepsis;siderophore receptors;Siderophores;Single Nucleotide Polymorphism;Site;Stream;System;Testing;three dimensional structure;Toxin;Traumatic injury;Universities;uptake;Urinary tract infection;Variant;ventilator-associated pneumonia;Virulence Factors;Wound Infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Antagonistic relationships among Acinetobacter isolates

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-IDIA-Y(80)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Foodborne Illness;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: CAMBRIDGE

ORG_NAME: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH

PHR: Project Narrative This project will compile the most comprehensive set of records on drinking water quality in the US and link to individual-level administrative Medicare data to study how drinking water pollution shapes health outcomes, including hospitalizations, emergency department admissions, and mortality, among older Americans. The findings will provide insight on whether the health benefits of drinking water investments exceed their costs and whether policies to improve drinking water quality benefit groups unequally. The project will yield a public-use national dataset with information on drinking water system service territories and water quality to catalyze research on drinking water and health.

PI_NAMEs: SHAPIRO, JOSEPH  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: NGUYEN, EMERALD THAI HAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Academia;Accident and Emergency department;Admission activity;Affect;American;Area;Arsenic;beneficiary;burden of illness;Cause of Death;Censuses;Characteristics;Chronic;Chronic Disease;Color;Communities;Consumption;cost;Costs and Benefits;County;Data;Data Set;Databases;demographics;Digit structure;Disease Progression;Disinfection;Disparity population;Distributed Systems;drinking water;Education;Elderly;Electronics;Emergency department visit;Ensure;Environmental Health;Ethnic Origin;Federal Government;FOIA Requests;Freedom;Funding;Geography;Government;ground water;Health;Health Benefit;health data;Healthcare;Hospitalization;Household;Human;improved;Incidence;Income;Individual;Inequality;Infrastructure;Inpatients;insight;Intervention;Investments;Knowledge;Lead;Link;Location;Longevity;Low income;Maps;Measurement;Measures;Medical;Medicare;mortality;older adult;Older Population;Outcome;Paper;pathogen;Plants;Policies;Policy Maker;pollutant;Pollution;Population;Poverty;Prevalence;public database;public drinking;Public Health;Quasi-experiment;Race;Reading;Records;Regulation;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;residence;response;Running;Services;Shapes;Single Parent;Statistical Models;Structure;Surface;System;Time;United States Environmental Protection Agency;Variant;vulnerable community;Vulnerable Populations;Water;Water Pollutants;Water Pollution;Water Purification;water quality;water treatment

PROJECT_TITLE: Drinking Water Quality, the Health of Older Americans, and Inequality

STUDY_SECTION: SSPA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Social Sciences and Population Studies A Study Section[SSPA]


ED_INST_TYPE: UNIVERSITY-WIDE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Digestive Diseases;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Liver Disease;Malaria;Malaria Vaccine;Orphan Drug;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Vaccine Related;Vector-Borne Diseases

PHR: Project Narrative Malaria is one of the most burdensome diseases in human history and continues to exert enormous suffering on a global scale. Elimination efforts have made great progress, but it is becoming apparent that these efforts will need an infection-blocking vaccine to truly extinguish the disease. In this proposal, we explore a newly identified phenomenon of intracellularly targeted anti-malaria antibodies which will not only define new mechanisms of immunity, but create a path to an entirely new avenue of malaria vaccine development.

PI_NAMEs: WILDER, BRANDON KEITH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MO, ANNIE X  Y

PROJECT_TERMS: Anopheles Genus;Anti-malarials;Antibodies;Antibody titer measurement;Antigens;Area;Autophagocytosis;Back;Binding;Blood;Cessation of life;Characteristics;Child;circumsporozoite protein;Communicable Diseases;Complex;Culicidae;Cytoplasm;Data;Dermis;Disease;Dose;Epitopes;Erythrocytes;extracellular;Fab Immunoglobulins;Future;Goals;Hepatocyte;Human;Immunity;in vivo;Infection;Infection prevention;Interruption;Intervention;Kinetics;Knockout Mice;Life Cycle Stages;Liver;liver infection;Location;Malaria;Malaria prevention;Malaria Vaccines;Mediating;Membrane Proteins;Monoclonal Antibodies;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;novel;Parasites;Passive Transfer of Immunity;pathogen;Plasmodium;polyclonal antibody;Predisposition;prevent;Protein Secretion;Proteins;Publications;rational design;Recording of previous events;Regimen;Role;Skin;Sporozoites;Sterility;Subunit Vaccines;Surface;synergism;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;transmission process;vaccine candidate;vaccine development;vaccine evaluation;vaccine-induced antibodies;Vaccines;vector;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Intracellular-acting antibodies for the prevention of malaria liver stage infection

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Immunity and Host Defense Study Section[IHD]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY

ORG_CITY: ORANGE

ORG_DEPT: PHARMACOLOGY

ORG_NAME: CHAPMAN UNIVERSITY

PHR: PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In this study, my lab will reveal the mechanism of action of second-generation daptomycin antibiotics that will circumvent bacterial resistance. We will also demonstrate the antibacterial activity of the lead derivative of these antibiotics in animal models. This study will help face one of the biggest threats to global health and reduce mortalities that result from bacterial resistance against current antibiotics.

PI_NAMEs: ELSHAHAWI, SHERIF I (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: XU, ZUOYU

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Amino Acids;analog;Animal Model;Animals;Anti-Bacterial Agents;Anti-Infective Agents;Antibiotic Therapy;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;assay development;Bacteremia;Bacteria;bacterial resistance;Biodiversity;Biological Assay;Biology;Calcium;Cell Wall;Chemical Structure;Chemicals;Chemistry;Clinic;Combating Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria;Communicable Diseases;Complement;cytotoxicity;Daptomycin;Development;Diphosphates;Disease Outbreaks;Dose;Drug Kinetics;Endocarditis;Enterococcus faecalis;epidemic potential;experimental study;Face;FDA approved;Fluorescence Spectroscopy;Funding Opportunities;Future;Generations;global health;Goals;Gram-Positive Bacteria;Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections;Hand;Hot Spot;Immune;improved;In Vitro;in vitro activity;in vitro Assay;in vivo;in vivo Model;Infection;innovation;insight;interdisciplinary approach;Lead;Membrane Lipids;Methodology;Methods;Microbe;microbial;Microbiology;microorganism;Microscopic;Microscopy;Modeling;Modification;Molecular Conformation;mortality;Multi-Drug Resistance;Mus;next generation;NMR Spectroscopy;novel;Parents;Pathogenicity;Patients;Peptides;Periodicity;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Predisposition;prevent;Process;programs;Property;Proteins;public health relevance;Publishing;Reporting;Research;Resistance;Resistance development;resistant strain;Route;Running;Skin;small molecule;Staphylococcus aureus;Statistical Data Interpretation;Structure;Systemic infection;Thigh structure;Toxic effect;Training;Translational Research;Uncertainty

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanisms and In Vivo Activity of a Next Generation Daptomycin Antibiotic


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Infectious Diseases;Microbiome;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Pregnancy;Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: RICHMOND

ORG_NAME: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Sneathia vaginalis is very difficult to culture and detect; however, contemporary culture-independent techniques have recently elucidated it as an invasive pathogen capable of causing amnionitis and sepsis in mothers and neonates and it is strongly associated with preterm birth. Through this project, we will break ground in the study of the pathogenesis of a pore-forming toxin produced by this uncharacterized bacterial species through the measurement of antibodies against the toxin in mothers and neonates, characterization of the role of the toxin in fetal membrane damage, and development of a murine model of uterine invasion during pregnancy. This addresses the NIH Healthy People 2020 Objective “Reduce the Rate of Fetal and Infant Deaths”.

PI_NAMEs: JEFFERSON, KIMBERLY KAY (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ERNST, NANCY L

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Amino Acids;Anaerobic Bacteria;Animals;Antibodies;Antibody Response;Bacteremia;Binding;Biological Models;Biology;Blood specimen;Clinical Microbiology;Culture-independent methods;Cytotoxin;Data;Degenerative polyarthritis;design;Detection;Development;DNA;emerging pathogen;Endometritis;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Epithelial Cells;Etiology;Exhibits;female reproductive tract;fetal;Fetal Death;Fetal Membranes;Genes;Goals;Healthy People 2020;Histophilus;Human;human subject;Immune;Immune response;Immunoglobulin A;Immunoglobulin G;Immunoglobulin M;In Vitro;in vivo;Inbred BALB C Mice;Incidence;infant morbidity/mortality;Infant Mortality;Infection;Invaded;Measurement;Mediating;Membrane;Meningitis;Methods;microbiome research;Modeling;Mothers;mouse model;Mus;mutant;Names;Nature;neonatal morbidity;neonate;novel;pathogen;Pathogenesis;pathogenic bacteria;Peripheral;Phylogenetic Analysis;Pilot Projects;Placenta;Plasma;Play;Pregnancy;Pregnancy Complications;Pregnancy Outcome;pregnant;Premature Birth;preterm premature rupture of membranes;Proteins;receptor;Recombinants;reproductive tract;Role;Route;Rupture;Sampling;Sepsis;Serum;Specimen;Surface;Surveys;Swab;Term Birth;Testing;Time;Toxin;trophoblast;Umbilical Cord Blood;United States National Institutes of Health;Urethritis;Uterine cavity;Uterus;Vagina;vaginal microbiota;Virulence Factors

PROJECT_TITLE: "Role of the cytotoxin, CptA, from the emerging bacterial pathogen Sneathia vaginalis, in pathogenesis"


ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

ORG_CITY: COLLEGE STATION

ORG_DEPT: ENGINEERING (ALL TYPES)

ORG_NAME: TEXAS ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION

PHR: Narrative Bacterial persisters are cells that exhibit multidrug tolerance and are likely responsible for clinical recurrence of infections. Persisters are challenging to study as they are difficult to identify in bacterial populations despite occurring in almost all major pathogens. In this work, innovative biophysical approaches will be developed to isolate persisters and study how persistence emerges, which is expected to help combat antibiotic resistance.

PI_NAMEs: LELE, PUSHKAR PRAKASH (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Agar;Ampicillin;anti-toxin;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotics;ATP Synthesis Pathway;Bacteria;Biological Assay;biophysical techniques;Biophysics;Cell division;cell motility;Cell Physiology;Cells;chronic infection;Clinical;combat;Coupled;Data;drug resistant pathogen;Dyes;Escherichia coli;Excision;Exhibits;experimental study;Exposure to;Fatigue;fitness;Flagella;Fluorescence;Foundations;Future;Goals;Growth;Healthcare;Heterogeneity;Hour;Image Analysis;Infection;innovation;Interphase Cell;Measurement;Measures;Membrane;Membrane Potentials;Microfluidic Microchips;Microfluidics;Modeling;Morphology;Mothers;Motility;Motor;multidrug tolerance;Nutrient;optic trap;optical traps;Outcome;pathogen;pathogenic bacteria;persistent bacteria;pH gradient;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Play;Population;Probability;Process;Proton-Motive Force;Public Health;quantitative imaging;rapid growth;Recurrent disease;recurrent infection;Reporter;Resistance to infection;Rest;Role;Rotation;Sampling;Source;Stress;Swimming;symporter;Techniques;Testing;tool;Toxin;uptake;Variant;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Bacterial persistence and proton-motive force

STUDY_SECTION: PCMB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Prokaryotic Cell and Molecular Biology Study Section[PCMB]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: DALLAS

ORG_NAME: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  Apicomplexan parasites are the causative agents of a number of important human diseases including malaria, cryptosporidiosis, and toxoplasmosis. These parasites divide through an unusual paradigm in which daughter cells are fully assembled inside the mother cell and remain coupled to one another through a poorly understood organelle called the residual body. Our goal is to use a recently identified ubiquitin ligase as a tool to understand how the Toxoplasma residual body sequesters turnover of essential complexes to prevent destruction of growing daughter cells.

PI_NAMEs: REESE, MICHAEL LLOYD (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PESCE, JOHN T

PROJECT_TERMS: Actins;Address;Animals;Apical;Auxins;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Biology;Biophysics;Biotinylation;Cell Cycle;Cell membrane;Cell Physiology;cell type;Cells;Complement;Complex;Complication;cost;Coupled;Cryptosporidiosis;Cytokinesis;Cytoplasm;Cytoskeleton;Data;Daughter;daughter cell;Dependence;Disease;Enzymes;experimental study;fitness;Fluorescence Microscopy;Foundations;Future;Garbage;Giant Cells;Goals;Growth;Human;human disease;Immunocompromised Host;immunosuppressed;In Vitro;Infection;innovation;Invaded;Knock-out;Length;Life;live cell imaging;loss of function;Lytic Phase;Malaria;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Mediating;Microtubules;model organism;Modeling;Mothers;multicatalytic endopeptidase complex;mutant;Names;Organelles;Parasites;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Phenotype;Planet Earth;Population;premature;prevent;programs;protein degradation;Protein Region;Proteins;Reaction;Recombinants;reconstitution;Recycling;Research;Residual state;response;Ring Finger Domain;Role;Signal Transduction;Stimulus;Structure;targeted treatment;Testing;tool;Toxoplasma;Toxoplasma gondii;Toxoplasmosis;ubiquitin ligase;ubiquitin-protein ligase;Ubiquitination;Vacuole;virtual

PROJECT_TITLE: Elucidating the role of the Toxoplasma residual body in cytoskeleton turnover

STUDY_SECTION: PTHE

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Pathogenic Eukaryotes Study Section[PTHE]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: Project Narrative PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: HIV-1 spreads mainly through mucosal exposures. Dominant in mucosal secretions, IgA has long been the class of antibodies desired at the portal of entrance to block infection; however, anti-HIV-1 IgA antibodies have been understudied. We therefore propose to identify and functionally characterize anti-HIV-1 IgA bNAbs and ADCP that are highly relevant to HIV-1 prevention and therapy.

PI_NAMEs: WU, XUELING  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGH, ANJALI

PROJECT_TERMS: Active Biological Transport;Antibodies;Antibody Repertoire;antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis;Antigen-Antibody Complex;arm;Avidity;B-Cell Antigen Receptor;B-Lymphocytes;Benchmarking;Cameroon;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cells;cohort;Cohort Studies;Crowns;Data;density;dimer;Dimerization;Epithelial Cells;Epitopes;Exclusion;Excretory function;Exhibits;fighting;HIV;HIV envelope protein;HIV Infections;HIV-1;Human;Human Milk;Immune;Immune system;Immunoglobulin A;Immunoglobulin Class Switching;Immunoglobulin G;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Infection;Infusion procedures;intraepithelial;Intravenous infusion procedures;Knowledge;Lamina Propria;Macaca;Macaca mulatta;Mediating;medical schools;Membrane;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Modeling;Monoclonal Antibodies;monomer;Mothers;mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue;Mucous Membrane;neutralizing antibody;novel;particle;passive antibodies;Patients;peripheral blood;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Phagocytosis;Plasma;Predisposition;Prevention;Prevention trial;Primates;Process;Property;protein transport;public health relevance;Research;Resistance;response;Sampling;Secretory Immunoglobulin A;simian human immunodeficiency virus;System;Testing;Time;tool;Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus;Viral;Viral Physiology;Virus;Virus Replication

PROJECT_TITLE: Characterization of HIV-1 IgA bNAbs and ADCP function

STUDY_SECTION: HIVD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Immunopathogenesis and Vaccine Development Study Section[HIVD]