ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Arthritis;Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Osteoarthritis;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Regenerative Medicine

ORG_DEPT: ENGINEERING (ALL TYPES)

ORG_NAME: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)

PHR: Arthroscopic Raman Monitoring of Cartilage Content for PTOA Diagnosis and Chondroregenerative Treatment Response NARRATIVE The ability to advance novel post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) treatments into the clinic that preserve and/or regenerate articular cartilage tissue is burdened by a lack of standardized diagnostic biomarkers that can objectively evaluate changes to the composition and material properties of PTOA chondral lesions and neocartilage repair tissue. Here we develop a novel Raman arthroscopic diagnostic platform to “optically biopsy” cartilage for quantification of biomarkers for determining its composition, structure, and material properties in health and disease. Raman monitoring of cartilage can provide: 1) objective assessments of the efficacy of current and emerging cartilage therapies over the hierarchy of R+D cartilage model systems—ex vivo tissue explants, in vivo animal studies, clinical trials—thus advancing the next generation of PTOA interventions into the clinic, and 2) a safe, effective medical platform for clinical practice, enabling rapid and efficient identification of PTOA cartilage lesions and monitoring of neocartilage regeneration during routine arthroscopy.

PI_NAMEs: ALBRO, MICHAEL B (contact);BERGHOLT, MADS SYLVEST;SNYDER, BRIAN D

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PINTUCCI, GIUSEPPE

PROJECT_TERMS: Amides;Animals;Anisotropy;Arthroscopy;articular cartilage;Autopsy;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Biological Markers;Biological Models;Biopsy;Bioreactors;Carboxylic Acids;Cartilage;cartilage degradation;cartilage regeneration;cartilage repair;cartilage transplantation;chondroprotection;Chronic;Clinic;Clinical;clinical diagnostics;clinical practice;Clinical Trials;Coculture Techniques;cohort;Collagen;Computer software;Contusions;cytokine;deep learning;Development;Diagnosis;diagnostic biomarker;diagnostic platform;Disease;Effectiveness;effectiveness evaluation;efficacy evaluation;Engineering;Evaluation;evidence base;experience;Extracellular Matrix;Fingerprint;Functional disorder;GAG Gene;Health;Histopathologic Grade;Human;Hyaline Cartilage;Hydroxyl Radical;Image;image guided;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;in vivo imaging;Individual;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Injury;innovation;instrumentation;Intervention;Investigation;joint function;joint injury;Joints;Lasers;Least-Squares Analysis;lens;Lesion;Light;light scattering;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measurement;Measures;Mechanics;Medical;Methods;model development;Modeling;Molecular;Monitor;Morphology;Natural regeneration;next generation;novel;Operative Surgical Procedures;Optical Biopsy;Optics;Organ Culture Techniques;Outcome;Patients;Performance;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacotherapy;Photons;Physiological;Polymers;pre-clinical;preservation;preventive intervention;Property;Raman Spectrum Analysis;randomized, clinical trials;Reader;Reconstructive Surgical Procedures;Regression Analysis;repaired;Replacement Arthroplasty;Residual state;response;response to injury;Sample Size;Sheep;Site;Specimen;Standardization;Stifle joint;Structure;Sulfate;Surface;Synovial Membrane;System;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Time;tissue culture;Tissue Engineering;tissue regeneration;tissue repair;Tissues;tool;Translations;Trauma;Traumatic Arthropathy;Traumatic injury;treatment research;treatment response;Visualization;Water

STUDY_SECTION: IGIS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Imaging Guided Interventions and Surgery Study Section[IGIS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AG

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Prevention;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_CITY: CHARLESTON

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: PATHOLOGY

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA

ORG_STATE: SC

PHR: Narrative The goal of this proposal is to elucidate how senescent cells affect brain aging and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Results of the proposed studies will facilitate the discovery and development new molecular targets for AD prevention and treatment.

PI_NAMEs: WANG, GAVIN YONG (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DIBATTISTA, AMANDA

PROJECT_TERMS: 3xTg-AD mouse;Abbreviations;AD transgenic mice;Address;Affect;Age;age related neurodegeneration;age-related disease;Aging;aging brain;aging related;aging related disease;Alzheimer disease prevention;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease brain;Alzheimer's disease model;Alzheimer's disease pathology;Alzheimer's disease patient;American;Amyloid beta-Protein;Animal Model;Astrocytes;Attenuated;Automobile Driving;Behavioral;Biochemical;Biological Assay;Brain;Cell Aging;Cell model;cell type;Cells;Clinical;Cognitive;cognitive function;Complex;Confocal Microscopy;Cytometry;Defect;Dementia;Development;Disease Progression;effective therapy;efficacy evaluation;Etiology;Excision;Genetic;Goals;healthy aging;human old age (65+);Immunofluorescence Microscopy;Impaired cognition;Impairment;Induced pluripotent stem cell derived human neuron;innovation;Innovative Therapy;insight;Intervention;Knowledge;Link;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Mitochondrial DNA;Molecular Target;mouse model;Mus;nerve stem cell;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neuroglia;Neurons;neurotoxicity;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;Outcome Study;oxidative DNA damage;Oxidative Stress;Oxidative Stress Induction;Pathogenesis;Pathologic;Pathology;Persons;pharmacologic;Phenotype;pre-clinical;prevent;Publishing;Role;senescence;senescence associated secretory phenotype;senescent cell;Senile Plaques;senolytics;spheroids;stem cell proliferation;stem cells;Symptoms;targeted treatment;tau Proteins;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Effect;Therapeutic Intervention;therapeutically effective;three dimensional cell culture;Tissues;Toxic effect;transgenic model of alzheimer disease;United States National Institutes of Health;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Senescence-Induced Progression of Alzheimer's Disease

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-CB-A(50)R]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cancer

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_DEPT: PHARMACOLOGY

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Project Narrative Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been targeted therapeutically in cancer with agents designed to block all activity, and shut down aberrant signaling. The work proposed in this application will investigate whether it is possible to alter the dynamics of receptor signaling, and correct (rather than simply inhibit) aberrant signaling by oncogenic receptors – causing them to promote death or quiescence of cancer cells.

PI_NAMEs: LEMMON, MARK A (contact);LIDKE, DIANE

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: XU, WANPING

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affinity;Agonist;Biochemical;Biological Assay;Biophysics;Breast Cancer cell line;cancer cell;Cell Proliferation;Cells;Cessation of life;Chimera organism;Data;design;dimer;Dimerization;Endocytosis;Epidermal Growth Factor;Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor;epigen;Epiregulin;ErbB4 gene;Feedback;Future;G-Protein-Coupled Receptors;Goals;Image;insight;Kinetics;Ligands;Malignant Neoplasms;MAP Kinase Modules;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Measures;Methods;Microscopy;molecular imaging;Motivation;Mutation;Nature;Nerve Growth Factors;network models;Neuregulins;Oncogenic;Outcome;Pathway interactions;PC12 Cells;pharmacologic;Phosphorylation Site;Play;Proliferating;Property;receptor;Receptor Activation;Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases;Receptor Signaling;Resistance;response;Role;Signal Induction;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;single molecule;Specific qualifier value;Specificity;T-Cell Receptor;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic target;trafficking;Transducers;Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Inhibition;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Understanding how receptor tyrosine kinase activation dynamics specify proliferative cellular responses

STUDY_SECTION: MIST

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular and Integrative Signal Transduction Study Section[MIST]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Health Services;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Influenza;Pneumonia and Influenza;Prevention;Primary Health Care;Social Determinants of Health;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: IOWA CITY

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

ORG_STATE: IA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Adults aged ≥50 account for 95% of the 50,000 influenza-associated deaths annually, yet vaccine uptake remains suboptimal. This K01 explores a new potential intervention target to increase influenza vaccine uptake in adults aged ≥50 and will facilitate Dr. Scherer’s transition to independence as a healthy aging researcher.

PI_NAMEs: SCHERER, AARON MICHAEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RADZISZEWSKA, BARBARA

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Adult;Advisory Committees;Advocacy;Affect;Age;age related changes;aged;Aging;aging process;Attitude;Award;Baseline Surveys;Behavior;behavior change;Behavioral Mechanisms;career;career development;Cessation of life;Chronic;Clinical;cognitive interview;Collaborations;cost;Coupled;Data;Dedications;design;Development;Development Plans;Doctor of Philosophy;economic cost;efficacy study;Environment;Evaluation;experimental study;Focus Groups;Foundations;Friends;Goals;Health;Health behavior change;Health Care Costs;health organization;Health Services Research;Health system;healthy aging;Healthy People 2020;immune function;improved;Individual;Influenza;influenza infection;Influenza vaccination;influenza virus vaccine;information processing;innovation;insight;Interdisciplinary Study;Intervention;Iowa;Knowledge;Lead;lens;Measures;Mentorship;Methods;middle age;Modeling;Motivation;novel;older adult;patient oriented;Patients;Persons;Pilot Projects;Population;Preventive Health Services;Preventive healthcare;Process;psychologic;Psychologist;Psychometrics;Pulmonary Heart Disease;Randomized;Research;Research Personnel;Resources;Risk;Sampling;Science;Secure;Site;skills;social;social cognition;success;Surveys;Testing;Text;Training;Uncertainty;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;unvaccinated;uptake;Vaccination;vaccination outcome;vaccine acceptance;vaccine efficacy;vaccine hesitancy;vaccine safety;Vaccines;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Creating Innovative Vaccine Messaging by Engaging in Patient-Centered Design with Non-Vaccinating Older Adults

STUDY_SECTION: NIA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Behavior and Social Science of Aging Study Section[NIA-S]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Breast Cancer;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Cardiovascular;Clinical Research;Genetics;Heart Disease;Human Genome;Precision Medicine;Prevention;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: JACKSONVILLE

ORG_NAME: MAYO CLINIC  JACKSONVILLE

ORG_STATE: FL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Cancer patients treated with the common chemotherapy drug doxorubicin are at increased risk of heart failure. This project will characterize genetic markers to identify which patients are at risk of chemotherapy-related heart failure and evaluate an experimental treatment to prevent heart failure.

PI_NAMEs: NORTON, NADINE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DESVIGNE-NICKENS, PATRICE

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Adult;African;African American;Anthracycline;Antineoplastic Agents;Apoptosis;Arizona;Arrhythmia;biobank;Breast Cancer Patient;Breast Cancer Risk Factor;Breast Cancer Treatment;Breast Lymphoma;Calcium;Cancer cell line;Cancer Center;Cancer Patient;Cardiac;Cardiac Myocytes;Cardiomyopathies;cardioprotection;Cardiotoxicity;chemotherapy;Clinic;Clinical Trials;Congestive Heart Failure;Data Set;diverse data;Dose;Doxorubicin;early phase clinical trial;efficacy evaluation;Endothelial Cells;ERBB2 gene;European;exome;exome sequencing;Exposure to;Family member;Florida;gain of function;Gene Expression;Gene Frequency;Genes;Genetic Markers;Genetic Risk;Genetic study;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;genome wide association study;Heart failure;heart function;high risk;human induced pluripotent stem cells;improved;Incidence;individualized medicine;induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes;inhibitor;inter-individual variation;Knock-out;Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction;Lymphoma;male;Malignant Breast Neoplasm;Malignant Childhood Neoplasm;Maps;Meta-Analysis;Metabolism;mortality;mouse model;Mus;mutant;National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project;novel;Ovariectomy;participant enrollment;Pathway interactions;patient population;Patient risk;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Population;Population Heterogeneity;prevent;Prevention strategy;Property;Publishing;rare variant;response;Risk;Risk Factors;risk mitigation;risk prediction;risk stratification;risk variant;Sampling;Testing;Therapeutic;Toxic effect;TP53 gene;Translations;treatment strategy;triple-negative invasive breast carcinoma;tumor;tumorigenic;Universities;Variant;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Individualized medicine to predict and prevent chemotherapy-related heart failure

STUDY_SECTION: CCHS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Integrative Cardiovascular and Hematological Sciences Study Section[CCHS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Bioengineering;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Hematology;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Nanotechnology;Prevention;Sepsis;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: SEATTLE

ORG_DEPT: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: This proposal will develop a Staphylococcus aureus (SA) vaccine delivery system comprising: (a) an injectable biodegradable (i.e., temporary) porous hydrogel “depot” that releases nanoparticles containing self-replicating mRNA (SR-mRNA) vaccine vectors expressing multi-valent SA adhesin genes. Novel cationic polymers condense and charge neutralize anionic SR-mRNA vaccines into nanoparticles (known as “polyplexes”) that are incorporated into the liquid hydrogel prior to injection and subsequent gelation.

PI_NAMEs: BRYERS, JAMES D. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RITCHIE, ALEC

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Accounting;Adjuvant;Affinity;Alginates;Antibiotics;Antibodies;Antibody Formation;Antibody titer measurement;Antigens;B-Lymphocytes;Bacteremia;Bacteria;Bacterial Adhesins;Binding;Biocompatible Materials;Bolus Infusion;Catheters;Cause of Death;Cell secretion;Cessation of life;Charge;Chitosan;copolymer;COVID-19;crosslink;Data;Dendritic Cells;design;Diagnosis;Disease;DNA;Dose;Exhibits;extracellular;Gel;Genes;HIV;Hospitals;Human;Hydrogels;Immune response;Immunity;Immunization;Immunize;Immunoglobulin G;Implant;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Infection;Infectious Skin Diseases;Injectable;Injections;Interferon Type II;Intravenous;Kinetics;Liquid substance;Lung infections;Medical Care Costs;Medical Device;medical implant;Membrane;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Messenger RNA;Methicillin Resistance;methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus;Microbial Biofilms;Modeling;Mus;nanoparticle;nanoscale;Nose;novel;novel therapeutics;Osteomyelitis;Particle Size;Patients;Peptides;Persons;Phase;Polymers;Polysaccharides;Porosity;porous hydrogel;pre-clinical research;prevent;Program Development;Prosthesis;Protein Subunits;Publishing;Reaction;Reporting;response;RNA vaccine;scaffold;Schiff Bases;self assembly;Sepsis;Series;Signal Transduction;Site;Skin colonization;Splenocyte;Staphylococcus aureus;Staphylococcus aureus infection;Staphylococcus epidermidis;Subunit Vaccines;Survival Rate;Syringes;System;T cell response;T-Lymphocyte;Technology;Text;Transfection;Tuberculosis;United States;vaccination outcome;vaccine delivery;vaccine development;Vaccines;Vancomycin;Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus;vector;vector vaccine;Viral hepatitis;Virulence Factors;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Injectable Hydrogel Depots for Self-replicating mRNA Vaccine Delivery

STUDY_SECTION: GDD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Gene and Drug Delivery Systems Study Section[GDD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DK

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES

ORG_CITY: Nashville

ORG_DEPT: ANATOMY/CELL BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: TN

PHR: The goal of this study is to investigate how modulating the DNA methylome in pancreatic progenitors impact postnatal functional beta-cell mass. The significance is that humans need to maintain certain levels of this mass to avoid debilitating hypoglycemia or diabetes. We expect to uncover basic molecular and cellular mechanisms to help improve the regulation of this mass to avoid these diseases.

PI_NAMEs: GU, GUOQIANG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HWA, ALBERT J

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Address;Affect;Age Months;Aging;allotransplant;Attenuated;Beta Cell;Birth;Cell Differentiation process;Cell Lineage;Cell Physiology;Cell Proliferation;Cells;combinatorial;Darkness;Data;demethylation;Derivation procedure;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;Diet;Dioxygenases;Disease;DNA;DNA Methylation;DNA Modification Methylases;DNA Sequence Alteration;DNMT3a;dosage;Down-Regulation;Embryo;Embryonic Development;Endocrine;Enhancers;Enzymes;Epigenetic Process;Exposure to;fitness;Future;Gene Expression;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Polymorphism;genomic locus;Glucose;Goals;Human;Hyperglycemia;Hypoglycemia;Immunocompromised Host;improved;innovation;Insulin Resistance;insulin secretion;Islet Cell;islet stem cells;Link;Maintenance;Metabolic stress;Methylation;methylome;Modeling;Molecular;mother nutrition;Mus;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Nutrient;offspring;Pancreas;Pattern;Physiological;Physiology;Positioning Attribute;postnatal;Predisposition;prenatal exposure;prevent;Process;Production;progenitor;programs;Proliferating;Protein-Restricted Diet;Publishing;Regulation;Repression;Risk Factors;Role;Sentinel;Specific qualifier value;stem cell differentiation;stem cells;Stress;synaptotagmin VII;Testing;Text;transcription factor;transcriptome

PROJECT_TITLE: The DNA methylome-based regulation of functional beta-cell mass

STUDY_SECTION: CADO

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular Aspects of Diabetes and Obesity Study Section[CADO]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Eating Disorders;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Nutrition;Obesity;Precision Medicine;Prevention

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Although evidence-based treatment targets exist to change binge eating and weight-related behaviors, we do not know which targets to recommend to which people and how best to do so, which impedes our ability to precisely intervene. This trial aims to resolve gaps in our understanding of target selection within the behavior change process to optimize a digital guided self-help intervention into a just-in-time adaptive intervention that delivers personalized interventions in real time based on users’ changing needs. Results have implications beyond the current intervention given the role of these targets and processes for behavior change broadly, as well as for other multi-component interventions in how to package and deliver effective and engaging interventions.

PI_NAMEs: GRAHAM, ANDREA KASS (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HALES, CRAIG MAURICE

PROJECT_TERMS: adaptive intervention;Address;Adult;adult obesity;Age;Algorithms;Behavior;behavior change;Behavior Disorders;behavior influence;Behavioral;behavioral economics;Behavioral Mechanisms;Binge Eating;Body Weight Changes;Body Weight decreased;Caring;Characteristics;Clinical;comorbidity;Data;design;Development;Diet;digital;digital delivery;digital intervention;Drops;Eating;Eating Disorders;Ethnic Origin;evidence base;Evidence based treatment;excessive weight gain;experience;Failure;follow-up;Food;Future;Goals;handheld mobile device;Health Care Costs;Health Services Accessibility;improved;improved outcome;Individual;Infrastructure;interest;Intervention;Learning;Metabolic syndrome;Methodology;Mission;Modeling;Moods;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Motivation;multi-component intervention;National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases;negative affect;Obesity;Outcome;personalized intervention;personalized medicine;Persons;Physical activity;post intervention;Process;psychologic;Race;Randomized;randomized trial;Recommendation;Recurrence;Risk;Role;self help;sex;Shapes;Specific qualifier value;targeted delivery;Testing;Theoretical model;therapy design;Time;Treatment outcome;United States National Institutes of Health;Weight;Weight maintenance regimen;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: A Micro-Randomized Trial to Optimize Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention for Binge Eating & Weight-related Behaviors

STUDY_SECTION: LCBH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Lifestyle Change and Behavioral Health Study Section[LCBH]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Pediatric;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: MC LEAN

ORG_NAME: ACADEMIC PEDIATRIC ASSOCIATION

ORG_STATE: VA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  Minority children have outnumbered White children since 2020, but pediatric workforce diversity has failed to keep pace, especially in academia, with minorities comprising 50% of US children, but only 24% of US pediatricians, and underrepresented minorities make up only 11% of pediatricians and 10% of US medical- school faculty. Now in its 10th year, the Academic Pediatric Association (APA) Research in Academic Pediatrics Initiative on Diversity (RAPID) is the first research educational program targeting faculty diversity in general academic pediatrics, and an additional five years of funding is requested; the aim of RAPID is to design, implement, and evaluate a research educational program with the goal of successful recruitment, retention, and professional advancement of diverse junior faculty in general academic pediatrics who are pursuing careers in biomedical, behavioral, clinical, and social sciences consistent with NIDDK mission areas. If, as anticipated, the program continues to be highly successful, APA RAPID will result in: successful recruitment, retention, and professional advancement of diverse junior faculty researchers; increased likelihood that RAPID Scholars will present their project findings at a national professional meeting, publish their project findings, obtain additional research funding, maintain their APA membership, and highly rate their commitment to a research career in pediatric academic generalism; and a potential model societal program for enhancing the diversity of young investigators and their leadership skills.

PI_NAMEs: FLORES, GLENN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SERRANO, KATRINA JANE

PROJECT_TERMS: Academia;Advisory Committees;African American population;Alaska Native;American;American Indians;Area;Asian;Association of American Medical Colleges;Behavioral Sciences;career;career development;Caring;Censuses;Child;Childhood;Clinical Sciences;Collaborations;Committee Members;Communicable Diseases;Communities;Country;Data;design;education research;education resources;Ensure;ethnic minority;ethnic minority population;experience;Faculty;follow-up;Funding;Goals;Grant;Growth;Income;Individual;innovation;K-Series Research Career Programs;Latino;Latino Population;Leadership;Literature;Medical;medical schools;meetings;member;Mentors;Minority;minority children;minority investigator;Mission;Modeling;multi-racial;National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases;Outcome;Pacific Islander;Patients;pediatrician;Pediatrics;peer coaching;peer support;Persons;Physicians;Population;Preparation;programs;Publications;Publishing;Race;racial minority;racial minority population;recruit;Research;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Seasons;Secure;senior faculty;skills;Social Sciences;Societies;success;Surveys;symposium;Telephone;Training;Underrepresented Minority;Uninsured

PROJECT_TITLE: APA Research in Academic Pediatrics Initiative on Diversity (RAPID)


ADMINISTERING_IC: EY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: La Jolla

ORG_NAME: SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: Project Narrative Understanding the detailed organization and function of visual cortical areas and their underlying circuits is necessary to obtain a mechanistic understanding of visual processing and also contributes more generally to understanding circuit mechanisms across the cerebral cortex. Deficits in central visual processing are linked to strabismus, amblyopia and dyslexia. More generally, understanding circuit mechanisms that underlie cortical function also has important implications for diseases such as schizophrenia and autism, where impairments in the function of cortical circuits is implicated.

PI_NAMEs: CALLAWAY, EDWARD M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FLANDERS, MARTHA C

PROJECT_TERMS: Amblyopia;Anatomy;Area;area striata;autism spectrum disorder;Automobile Driving;Axon;Back;Brain;Calcium;Cell Nucleus;cell type;Cells;Cerebral cortex;Childhood;cognitive function;Complement;Complex;density;Dependence;design;Disease;Dyslexia;Electrodes;Electrophysiology (science);excitatory neuron;Experimental Designs;experimental study;extrastriate;extrastriate visual cortex;Eye;Feedback;Foundations;Genetic;Human;Image;imaging modality;Impairment;in vivo;Infection;inhibitory neuron;insight;Label;learning network;Link;Logic;Measures;Mediating;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;Mus;Nervous System Physiology;Neurons;novel;Opsin;optogenetics;Output;Pathway interactions;Primates;Property;Publishing;Pulvinar structure;rabies label;rabies viral tracing;response;Retina;Schizophrenia;Slice;Strabismus;Structure;System;Testing;Thalamic structure;tool;two-photon;V1 neuron;Viral;Vision;Visual;Visual Cortex;visual information;Visual Perception;visual processing;visual receptive field;visual stimulus;Visual System;Whole-Cell Recordings;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Organization and Function of Visual Cortical Feedback Systems

STUDY_SECTION: NBVP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neuroscience of Basic Visual Processes Study Section[NBVP]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cancer;Genetics;Hematology;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_NAME: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: Although tremendous progress has been made in treatment modalities of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), there is the necessity to improve and develop novel therapeutic approaches. Based on gene mutation profiling we propose to identify biomarkers for MPNs displaying specific defects in DNA damage repair pathways. These pathways will be then attacked by DNA repair inhibitors combined with already approved drugs to eliminate quiescent and proliferating MPN stem and progenitor cells without affecting normal cells and tissues.

PI_NAMEs: SKORSKI, TOMASZ  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KONDAPAKA, SUDHIR B

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Affect;Base Excision Repairs;Biological Markers;biomarker identification;biomarker validation;Blood;BRCA deficient;brca gene;BRCA mutations;calreticulin;cancer cell;cancer therapy;Cell Proliferation;Cell Survival;Cells;Chronic Phase;Defect;Disease;Disease remission;DNA;DNA Double Strand Break;DNA Repair;DNA Repair Disorder;DNA Repair Gene;DNA replication fork;DNA Single Strand Break;DNA-dependent protein kinase;DNA-PKcs;DNMT3a;Double Strand Break Repair;Down-Regulation;driver mutation;Drug Targeting;Epigenetic Process;EZH2 gene;FDA approved;Foundations;Gene Mutation;Genes;Genetic;Hemorrhagic Thrombocythemia;homologous recombination;humanized mouse;hydroxyurea;immunodeficiency;Immunodeficient Mouse;improved;in vivo evaluation;individual patient;Induced Mutation;inhibitor;JAK1 gene;JAK2 gene;kinase inhibitor;Knock-in;Knock-out;leukemia/lymphoma;LIG4 gene;Malignant - descriptor;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Modality;Modeling;mouse model;MPL gene;Mus;Mutate;Mutation;Mutation Analysis;Myeloproliferative disease;Myelosuppressive Therapy;New Agents;Nonhomologous DNA End Joining;Normal Cell;Normal tissue morphology;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Play;Polycythemia Vera;potential biomarker;pre-clinical;prevent;Primary Myelofibrosis;Prognostic Marker;Proliferating;Published Comment;Reactive Oxygen Species;recombinational repair;repaired;Reporting;Research;response;Role;Secondary acute myeloid leukemia;stem;stem cells;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Effect;therapy outcome;Time;Toxic effect;Update;Xenograft procedure

PROJECT_TITLE: MPN-inducing mutations as biomarkers of synthetic lethality

STUDY_SECTION: CBSS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cancer Biomarkers Study Section[CBSS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DA

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Cancer;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems;Lung;Lung Cancer;Pediatric;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse;Tobacco;Tobacco Smoke and Health

ORG_CITY: COLUMBIA

ORG_DEPT: MISCELLANEOUS

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA

ORG_STATE: MO

PHR: Project Narrative The proposed research is relevant to public health because it evaluates the effect of contemporary tobacco control policies (flavor bans, Tobacco 21 laws, and e-cigarette taxes) on youth tobacco product use. Thus, the proposed research is relevant to the part of NIH's mission that pertains to developing fundamental knowledge that will ensure the Nation's capability to prevent diseases caused by tobacco use.

PI_NAMEs: PESKO, MICHAEL  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KIMMEL, HEATHER L

PROJECT_TERMS: 20 year old;21 year old;Adolescent Risk Behavior;Adopted;Adoption;Adult;Advocacy;Age;American;Cessation of life;Cigar;Cigarette;cigarette smoking;Collaborations;combustible tobacco;Data;Data Scientist;Data Sources;Databases;Dedications;design;Disease;Economics;Educational workshop;Electronic cigarette;electronic cigarette use;Ensure;Epidemic;Evaluation;Evaluation Research;falls;Federal Government;Funding;Future;Geography;Goals;Grant;Health;health data;health economics;Health Policy;High School Student;hookah;Infrastructure;innovation;Intention;Interdisciplinary Study;Interview;Journals;Knowledge;Laws;Lead;Legal;Link;Local Government;Location;Longitudinal cohort study;Medicine;Menthol;Methods;Mission;Modeling;Monitor;Municipal Government;Municipalities;Nicotine;Nongovernmental Organizations;Outcome;outreach;Paper;Peer Review;Persons;Physicians;Policies;Policy Analysis;Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health;prevent;preventable death;Process;Public Health;public policy on tobacco;Publications;Publishing;Quasi-experiment;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Registered nurse;Regulation;Reproducibility;Research;Research Personnel;Respondent;Sales;Schools;social;Source;Standardization;State Government;Students;Surgeon;Surveys;System;Taxes;Time;Tobacco;Tobacco 21 policies;tobacco control;tobacco flavor;tobacco products;Tobacco use;treatment effect;United States;United States National Institutes of Health;Variant;Work;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Evaluating the Effect of E-cigarette Policies on Youth Tobacco Use

STUDY_SECTION: SSPA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Social Sciences and Population Studies A Study Section[SSPA]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Complementary and Integrative Health;Mental Health;Physical Activity;Prevention;Sleep Research;Urologic Diseases;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This proposal will have unique public health importance because (1) it will increase mentoring of new clinical investigators interested in conducting patient-oriented research to improve evaluation, prevention, and management of genitourinary conditions in older women, and (2) it will advance a multi-system, geriatric perspective on treatment of urinary incontinence as one of the most common, costly, and debilitating genitourinary conditions among older women living in the community.

PI_NAMEs: HUANG, ALISON  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BAKOS, ALEXIS DIANE

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Age;Aging;aging related;Anxiety;Atrophic;Award;Behavior Therapy;Behavioral;Bladder;Bladder Control;bladder surgery;botulinum;career;career development;Clinical;Clinical Investigator;Clinical Treatment;Clinical Trials;Communities;Complement;Complex;cost;data repository;Dedications;Defect;design;Development;diagnostic strategy;diaries;Educational workshop;Elderly;Environment;Equilibrium;Evaluation;experience;feasibility trial;Female;Frequencies;Functional disorder;Funding;Genitourinary system;Goals;Health;Health behavior;Impaired cognition;improved;Incontinence;incontinence symptom;Infrastructure;Injections;interest;International;Internist;Intervention;intervention effect;Intervention Studies;Intervention Trial;Leadership;Measures;Mediating;Menopausal Symptom;Menopause;Mental Depression;mental function;Mentors;Mentorship;Mid-Career Clinical Scientist Award (K24);Modeling;Muscle;National Institute on Aging;Nocturia;Observational Study;older women;Organ;Outcome;Outcome Measure;patient oriented research;Patient Outcomes Assessments;Patient Self-Report;Pelvic floor dysfunction;Pelvic floor structure;perceived stress;Performance Status;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Physical activity;Physical Function;Physical Performance;Physiology;pilot trial;pleiotropism;Population;Positioning Attribute;Prevention;Prevention strategy;programs;prospective;Psyche structure;psychologic;psychological distress;Public Health;Publishing;Quality of life;randomized trial;recruit;Research;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Research Training;response;Risk;Risk Factors;Role;Scientific Advances and Accomplishments;Series;Severities;Site;Sleep;Sleep disturbances;sleep quality;Stress;Stretching;Structure;Symptoms;Syndrome;synergism;System;Testing;Therapeutic;Training;Training Programs;treatment response;treatment strategy;United States National Institutes of Health;urinary;Urinary Incontinence;urologic;Vagina;Woman;Women's Health;Work;Yoga

PROJECT_TITLE: Midcareer Mentoring in Patient-Oriented Research on Genitourinary Aging in Women

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Aging Study Section[NIA-C]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_NAME: DREXEL UNIVERSITY

PHR: This proposal seeks to validate an innovative therapeutic strategy potentially applicable to a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative disorders based on modulating the localization of NMDA Receptors (NMDARs) within the synapse. Because the activation of NMDARs located at the synaptic sites (sNMDARs) triggers pro-survival intracellular cascades whereas the overactivation of extrasynaptically located NMDARs (exNMDARs) is toxic for the neuron (excitotoxicity), we propose to interfere with the molecular mechanisms that control NMDAR localization to promote sNMDAR expression and decrease exNMDAR expression. If successful, this novel approach will contribute to reducing the burdens of illness and disability of many patients because excitotoxicity has been associated with Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis, among other neuropathies.

PI_NAMEs: SANZ-CLEMENTE, ANTONIO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LI, TONG

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease model;Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;anti-tumor drug;Apoptosis;APP-PS1;behavior test;Biochemistry;burden of illness;cancer therapy;casein kinase II;Cessation of life;Characteristics;Clinic;Clinical;Cognitive deficits;Data;Deterioration;Diffusion;disability;Disease;efficacy testing;Equilibrium;Event;Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists;excitotoxicity;Functional disorder;Glutamate Receptor;Glutamates;Goals;Hippocampus;Huntington Disease;Impaired cognition;in vivo;inhibitor;innovation;Lateral;Ligands;Link;Mediating;Microscopy;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Multiple Sclerosis;Mus;N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors;N-Methylaspartate;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurons;Neuropathy;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;Outcome;Parkinson Disease;Pathologic;Patients;Peptides;pharmacologic;Pharmacology;Phase;Phase I/II Clinical Trial;Phosphorylation;Physiological;Population;Positioning Attribute;Post-Translational Protein Processing;postsynaptic;prevent;Process;Protein phosphatase;protein protein interaction;Proteins;Proteomics;Publishing;receptor;receptor expression;receptor function;Regulation;Role;segregation;side effect;Signal Transduction;Site;Structure;Synapses;Synaptic plasticity;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutically effective;tool;trafficking;translational impact;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Exploring the modulation of synaptic/extrasynaptic NMDAR balance as a novel therapeutic strategy in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerations

STUDY_SECTION: NOMD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neural Oxidative Metabolism and Death Study Section[NOMD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: STORRS-MANSFIELD

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of Toxoplasmosis, a life-threatening disease in immunocompromised individuals. In this proposal, we will focus on understanding how the parasites’ actin cytoskeleton drives intracellular cargo transport. Impaired protein trafficking through the secretory system results in parasite death so identification of novel proteins in this pathway paves the way for identification of new targets for anti-parasitic drug development.

PI_NAMEs: HEASLIP, AOIFE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: AINSZTEIN, ALEXANDRA M

PROJECT_TERMS: Actins;Address;Antiparasitic Agents;Apicomplexa;Binding;biophysical techniques;Cell Physiology;Cellular biology;Cessation of life;Collaborations;Cryptosporidium;Cytoskeletal Proteins;Cytoskeleton;Data;diarrheal disease;Disease;drug development;Eukaryota;Eukaryotic Cell;Genetic;Goals;Immunocompromised Host;Impairment;In Vitro;Individual;insight;interdisciplinary approach;Intracellular Transport;Knowledge;Laboratories;Life;live cell imaging;Malaria;Medical;Membrane;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Motors;Movement;Myosin ATPase;Myosin Type V;novel;Parasites;Parasitology;Pathway interactions;Plasmodium;Positioning Attribute;Process;protein transport;Proteins;Publishing;System;Toxoplasma gondii;Toxoplasmosis;Vesicle

PROJECT_TITLE: Intracellular cargo transport in Toxoplasma gondii

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-CB-T(55)R]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Cancer;Clinical Research;Palliative Care;Radiation Oncology

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_DEPT: RADIATION-DIAGNOSTIC/ONCOLOGY

ORG_NAME: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Palliative radiation therapy (RT) – RT intended to reduce symptoms rather than achieve cure – creates both benefits and harms, particularly for older adults in whom cancer occurs in a complex setting of multimorbidity and geriatric conditions. Little is known about the contribution of these geriatric conditions to RT-related outcomes in older adults with advanced cancer, including how they relate to (1) difficulties completing RT; (2) changes in function, hospitalization, and mortality after RT; and (3) self-reported toxicities and quality of life. This study examines risk factors associated with both incomplete treatment with palliative RT and treatment- related adverse outcomes in older adults, results of which will support a future R01 application that tests a targeted and geriatrics-driven intervention that improves post-RT outcomes important to older adults.

PI_NAMEs: DHARMARAJAN, KAVITA VYAS (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Advanced Malignant Neoplasm;Adverse effects;adverse outcome;Aging;Award;beneficiary;body position;Burn injury;Cancer Patient;Categories;Characteristics;chemotherapy;clinical practice;Complex;Data;Data Analyses;Data Set;Decision Making;Development;Disseminated Malignant Neoplasm;Dissemination and Implementation;Dose;Elderly;experience;face mask;Fatigue;functional decline;Functional impairment;Future;Geriatric Assessment;Geriatrics;Goals;Guidelines;high risk;Hospital Mortality;Hospitalization;human old age (65+);Impaired cognition;Impairment;improved;improved outcome;Individual;instrument;Interruption;Intervention;joint mobilization;Knowledge;Leadership;Length;Link;Maintenance;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Medical Oncologist;medical schools;Medicare;Mobility decline;mortality;multiple chronic conditions;Nervous System Physiology;older adult;older patient;Oncology;opioid use;Outcome;Pain;palliative;Palliative Care;Patient Self-Report;Patient-Focused Outcomes;Patients;Performance;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;population based;premature;profiles in patients;Prospective Studies;Prospective, cohort study;Quality of Care;Quality of life;Radiation Oncologist;Radiation Oncology;Radiation therapy;Recovery;reduce symptoms;Research Activity;research data dissemination;Research Design;Research Personnel;Retrospective cohort study;Risk;Risk Factors;Sampling;Social support;sociodemographic factors;Surveys;symptomatic improvement;Testing;therapy design;therapy outcome;Toxic effect;Toxicity due to chemotherapy;Training;Training Activity;Travel;Treatment-related toxicity;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Improving Outcomes for Older Adults Undergoing Palliative Radiation Treatment


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Brain Disorders;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Natural Products;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Neuromodulator signaling pathways in the brain are important therapeutic targets for the treatment of addiction. New pharmacology that targets these pathways is urgently needed, but it has proved difficult to discover in an unbiased manner novel small molecules with strong and specific effects on neuromodulator signaling. To address this need, we have established and validated a behavior-based screening platform that interrogates a rich and novel source of natural products - the 'dark' microbial metabolome - for fundamentally new classes of psychoactive compounds that target neuromodulator signaling systems integral to the pathology of addiction.

PI_NAMEs: FANG-YEN, CHRISTOPHER ;RINGSTAD, NIELS  (contact);SEYEDSAYAMDOST, MOHAMMAD R

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SATTERLEE, JOHN S

PROJECT_TERMS: addiction;Address;Affect;Agonist;Alcohol abuse;Animals;antagonist;Behavior;Behavior Control;Behavioral Assay;Biological;Biological Assay;Biological Process;Brain;Caenorhabditis elegans;Calcium;cellular targeting;Coculture Techniques;Collection;Communities;Complex;Darkness;design;Detection;Dopamine;Dopamine Receptor;Drug abuse;Drug resistance;egg;Epidemic;Fractionation;Functional Imaging;Gait;Gene Cluster;Genes;Genetic;genetic analysis;Goals;Heart;Hermaphroditism;Image;imaging modality;improved;Impulsivity;in vivo calcium imaging;Libraries;Link;Locomotion;machine vision;Mass Spectrum Analysis;member;metabolome;Methods;Microbe;microbial;Microscopic;model organism;Modeling;Molecular Target;Monitor;motivated behavior;Movement;mutant;Natural Products;Natural Source;Nematoda;Nervous System;neural circuit;neurochemistry;Neuromodulator;Neuropeptides;Neurophysiology - biologic function;novel;optogenetics;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Pharmacology;Physiology;Posture;Process;Psychopharmacology;Psychotropic Drugs;Reporting;Reproductive Behavior;Resources;reward processing;Rewards;Risk Factors;Role;screening;Serotonin;Serotonin Antagonists;serotonin receptor;side effect;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;small molecule;Source;Speed;Stereotyped Behavior;System;Therapeutic;therapeutic target;tool

PROJECT_TITLE: Behavior-based discovery of small-molecule modulators of neurochemical signaling pathways that underlie addiction


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Genetics;Human Genome;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Embryonic - Human

ORG_CITY: SAINT LOUIS

ORG_DEPT: OTHER BASIC SCIENCES

ORG_NAME: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

PHR: This work will define mechanisms that control gene expression to drive the development of human cortical interneurons. Mutations in the human genome sequence frequently disrupt these gene regulatory controls, perturbing interneuron development and contributing to disorders of the developing nervous system, such as pediatric epilepsies and autism spectrum and intellectual disability disorders. Many aspects of regulation of this developmental program appear to be unique to humans, and human genome sequence variants that cause disease are also often not present in other species. Therefore, modeling how this human neurodevelopmental program is regulated is necessary to build a foundation and resources for determining how such human- specific mutations disrupt this regulation to contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders.

PI_NAMEs: KROLL, KRISTEN L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LAVAUTE, TIMOTHY M

PROJECT_TERMS: Animals;autism spectrum disorder;Automobile Driving;Binding;Binding Sites;Biological Assay;Brain;cell type;Cerebral cortex;childhood epilepsy;Chromatin;chromatin remodeling;Chromatin Remodeling Factor;Code;combinatorial;Data;data integration;data resource;Development;Developmental Gene;directed differentiation;Disease;Dissection;Dorsal;Embryo;Embryonic Development;Enzymes;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic regulation;epigenome;epigenome editing;Epilepsy;Etiology;excitatory neuron;Fetal Development;Foundations;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Regulation;gene network;gene repression;Genes;Genetic Transcription;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;Genome;genome-wide;Genomics;Glutamates;Human;human embryonic development;human embryonic stem cell;Human Genetics;Human Genome;Impairment;Intellectual functioning disability;Interneurons;Link;Location;Logic;Medial;migration;Modeling;Molecular;Mutate;Mutation;nerve stem cell;Nervous System;neurodevelopment;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;neuron development;Neurons;Pathogenicity;Predisposition;Process;progenitor;programs;Property;Prosencephalon;Regulation;Regulatory Element;Reporter;Repression;Resources;Role;Specific qualifier value;stem cell fate specification;Testing;transcription factor;transcriptome;Untranslated RNA;Variant;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The cis-regulatory grammar and epigenetic control of human interneuron progenitor specification

STUDY_SECTION: NCF

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neurogenesis and Cell Fate Study Section[NCF]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Disease;Digestive Diseases;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: MADISON

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON

ORG_STATE: WI

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE: Radiation induced xerostomia (RIX) is among the most common side effect of radiation observed in head and neck cancer patients, has limited and relatively ineffective treatment options, and can cause severe adverse effects that damage patient’s quality of life. This proposal aims to evaluate the use and efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of RIX in a mouse model and to support the career development of the PI. Our long-term goal is that this work leads to the development of novel and effective therapies for RIX to improve patient’s quality of life after radiation for head and neck cancer.

PI_NAMEs: PAZ, CRISTINA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FUQUA, CHANTEL FAYSAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Address;Adipose tissue;Adverse effects;Affect;Anatomy;Architecture;Bone Marrow;cancer type;career development;Cell Physiology;Cell Therapy;Cells;Chronic;Clinical;Clinical Research;Cryopreservation;Data;design;Development;educational atmosphere;effective therapy;epithelial stem cell;Esthesia;exosome;first-in-human;Functional disorder;functional improvement;Future;Goals;Growth and Development function;Head and Neck Cancer;head and neck cancer patient;Head and neck structure;healing;immunoregulation;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;ineffective therapies;Injections;insight;Interferon Type II;Knowledge;Licensing;Long-Term Effects;Marrow;Mentors;mesenchymal stromal cell;Modality;Modeling;morphogens;mouse model;Mus;novel therapeutics;Organ;Organoids;palliation;palliative;paracrine;Paracrine Communication;Patients;Perception;Phase;phase 1 study;Pilocarpine;prevent;Production;Property;Quality of life;Radiation;radiation delivery;radiation effect;Radiation exposure;Radiation induced damage;Radiation therapy;Radiosurgery;Regenerative capacity;Reporting;Research Personnel;Role;Saliva;Salivary;Salivary Gland Tissue;Salivary Glands;side effect;Source;stem cell biology;Submandibular gland;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Time;Tissues;training opportunity;Translating;treatment optimization;Work;Xerostomia

PROJECT_TITLE: Mesenchymal stromal cells for treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia

STUDY_SECTION: DSR

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research Special Grants Review Committee[DSR]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Neurosciences;Sleep Research

ORG_CITY: DAVIS

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSURGERY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE In order for full restorative sleep to occur, the brain must exit the aroused and awake state and enter into a deep state of what is called “Slow Wave Sleep.” Neurons in the brainstem medullary region, coined the “parafacial zone” due to its location by the seventh facial nerve, strongly promote this stage of sleep and gaining an understanding of the cellular and circuit mechanisms underpinnings of how this occurs is vital in furthering our understanding of sleep-wake regulation. The proposed research is expected to uncover new targets leading to the development of new therapeutic and interventional strategies, and thereby reduce the burden of human disability, in not only sleep-wake related disorders such as insomnia, but also in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders associated with sleep disruption.

PI_NAMEs: ANACLET, CHRISTELLE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HE, JANET

PROJECT_TERMS: active control;Acute;Affect;Anatomy;Area;Arousal;awake;base;Behavior;Behavioral;Brain;Brain Stem;Calcium-Binding Proteins;Characteristics;Clinical;Coin;Complex;cost;Coupled;Data;Development;disability;Disease;Electrophysiology (science);experimental study;Facial nerve structure;Feedback;Fiber;GABA Agonists;gamma-Aminobutyric Acid;Generations;Genetic;Goals;Health;Human;In Vitro;in vivo calcium imaging;Induced Neurons;Infusion procedures;innovation;Intervention;Investigation;Knowledge;Laboratories;Lesion;Location;Maintenance;Measures;Medicine;Mental disorders;Modeling;Molecular;Mus;Nervous System Disorder;neural circuit;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuronal circuitry;Neurons;neuropsychiatric disorder;non rapid eye movement;novel;novel therapeutics;optogenetics;Parvalbumins;Pathway interactions;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Photometry;poor sleep;Population;Prosencephalon;psychostimulant;Regulation;REM Sleep;Reporting;Research;Role;Series;Sleep;Sleep Disorders;Sleep disturbances;sleep quality;sleep regulation;Sleep Stages;Sleep Wake Cycle;Sleeplessness;Slow-Wave Sleep;System;Testing;Thalamic structure;therapeutic development;translational study;United States;vigilance;Wakefulness;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Brainstem circuitry for sleep-wake control


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Digestive Diseases;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: BALTIMORE

ORG_NAME: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MD

PHR: Project Narrative In addition to differentiated organ-specific cells, organs contain connective tissue cells, or stromal cells, and resident immune cells, and tissue insults lead to changes in the activity of both cell populations, including the production by stromal cells of cytokines that affect T cell biology and the establishment of specialized T cells capable of making cytokines that alter stromal cell biology. Ideally, these interactions lead to increased tissue resilience and help promote resistance to the source of the tissue insults, but dysregulated interactions can lead to loss of critical tissue functions. Our work will help delineate the mechanisms underlying these divergent outcomes and in so doing identify pathways amenable to therapeutic intervention.

PI_NAMEs: PEARCE, EDWARD J. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HUDSPETH, KELLY

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adipocytes;Adipose tissue;Affect;Amphiregulin;Antigens;Applications Grants;ATAC-seq;atopy;Biology;Cell Communication;cell motility;cell type;Cells;Cellular biology;cellular imaging;Cellular Metabolic Process;Complex;Connective Tissue Cells;curative treatments;cytokine;Data;Development;Disease;Encapsulated;enteric infection;enteric pathogen;Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor;Extracellular Matrix;Fibroblasts;Fibrosis;Flow Cytometry;Gene Expression Profile;Genetic Transcription;Grant;Granuloma;Granulomatous;healing;Health;helminth infection;Helminths;Homeostasis;Host resistance;Human;human disease;Hypersensitivity;Immune;Immune response;Immunity;Impaired wound healing;in vivo;Infection;insight;interest;Interleukin-13;Interleukin-4;Interleukin-5;interstitial;Intervention;Intestines;Invaded;Lead;lipid metabolism;loss of function;Malignant Neoplasms;Measurement;Mediating;Mesenchymal Stem Cells;Mesentery;Metabolic;Modeling;Morbidity - disease rate;Motility;Multipotent Stem Cells;multipotent stromal progenitor;Mus;neglected tropical diseases;Nematoda;Nematospiroides dubius;novel;Organ;Outcome;Paper;parasite invasion;Parasites;Parasitology;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Perforation;Play;Population;Predisposition;prevent;Primary Infection;Process;Production;Property;protective effect;Publishing;receptor;repaired;Reporting;resilience;Resistance;resistance mechanism;Resistance to infection;response;Role;Shapes;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Small Intestines;soft tissue;Soil;Source;Specificity;stem;stem cell biology;stem cells;Stromal Cells;Structure;System;T-Lymphocyte;Techniques;Th2 Cells;Therapeutic Intervention;tissue repair;tissue resident memory T cell;Tissues;Training;transcriptome sequencing;Transforming Growth Factor beta;transmission process;TSLP gene;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Stromal cells in immunity to infection

STUDY_SECTION: IHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Immunity and Host Defense Study Section[IHD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health;Building Research Capacity at Institutions with Limited NIH Funding;Cannabinoid Research;Endocannabinoid System Research;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Natural Products;Pediatric;Pneumonia;Pneumonia and Influenza;Substance Misuse;Underage Drinking

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: NORTH CAROLINA CENTRAL UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: Narrative:  Alcohol and cannabis consumption occur significantly in the world’s population, and polysubstance misuse by adolescents may have significant long-term effects on cognitive and other biological systems. Alcohol intoxication has been linked to immune dis-regulation in the brain, liver and lung. Currently, contributing effects of alcohol and cannabis adolescent exposure upon lung inflammation and pneumonia remain unclear. Directed therapeutics can then be developed from these mechanistic studies, to improve the health, vitality and productivity of alcohol and/or cannabis-exposed people in our society. .

PI_NAMEs: SIVARAMAN, VIJAY  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BERNAL, FEDERICO

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute Lung Injury;Adolescence;Adolescent;adolescent binge drinking;Adult;Alcohol dependence;alcohol effect;alcohol response;Alcoholic Intoxication;Alcohols;Alveolar Macrophages;Biochemical;biological systems;Brain;Bronchoalveolar Lavage;burden of illness;cannabinoid receptor;cannabinoid receptor antagonist;Cannabinoids;Cannabis;cell type;Cells;Chronic;clinical prognosis;CNR1 gene;CNR2 gene;Cognitive;Community Healthcare;comorbidity;Consumption;cytokine;Data;Dependence;disease model;disease prognosis;Distress;dosage;Dose;drug of abuse;endocannabinoid signaling;Equilibrium;Ethanol;Ethanol dependence;Evaluation;experience;Exposure to;Flow Cytometry;Functional disorder;Future;Gene Expression;Grant;Health;Heart Rate;Histopathology;HMGB Family Gene;HMGB1 gene;Immune;Immunologics;Immunology;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammation Mediators;Inflammatory;Klebsiella pneumoniae;Knockout Mice;Laboratories;Link;Liver;Long-Term Effects;Lung;Lung Diseases;Macrophage;Macrophage Activation;Marijuana;microbial;Modeling;Monitor;monocyte;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Mus;Nosocomial pneumonia;novel;pathogen;Pathology;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Play;Pneumonia;polysubstance abuse;polysubstance use;Population;Productivity;Pulmonary Inflammation;receptor;recruit;Regulation;Research;response;Risk;Role;Schedule;Severities;Signal Transduction;Societies;Spirometry;Structure of parenchyma of lung;targeted treatment;Techniques;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Intervention;therapeutic target

PROJECT_TITLE: Pulmonary Disfunction after Polysubstance Exposure: Mechanistic Identification of Inflammatory Mediators


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biotechnology;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Clinical Research;Gene Therapy;Genetics;Human Genome;Immunotherapy

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Adoptive T cell therapies have shown impressive performance in directing the immune system against some cancers, however the majority of patients still do not respond to this promising therapeutic strategy and new tools are needed to accelerate the discovery of more potent T cell therapies. We recently developed a novel CRISPR screening platform that enables comprehensive and efficient screening in primary human T cells for genes that regulate key therapeutic functions. We identified SOCS1 and RASA2 in a screen for genes that regulate T cell proliferation, and my proposed research aims to show that editing these genes can generate potent next-generation T cell therapies to ultimately improve responses in more cancer patients.

PI_NAMEs: CARNEVALE, JULIA C (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LIM, SUSAN E

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Adoptive Cell Transfers;Affect;Antigens;Antitumor Response;Area;Attenuated;Award;Basic Science;Biological;cancer cell;Cancer Center;cancer immunotherapy;Cancer Patient;cancer therapy;Candidate Disease Gene;CAR T cell therapy;career;CD19 gene;cell behavior;cell killing;Cell Physiology;Cells;Cellular biology;cellular transduction;Characteristics;Chemicals;Clinic;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Combined Modality Therapy;Complement;CRISPR screen;CTAG1 gene;Educational workshop;effective therapy;Electroporation;engineered T cells;Engineering;Evaluation;experience;Foundations;Funding;Gene Combinations;gene discovery;gene network;Gene Targeting;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Genome;Genome engineering;genome wide screen;genome-wide;Goals;hands on research;Human;Immune;immune checkpoint;Immune system;Immunocompetent;Immunodeficient Mouse;Immunomodulators;Immunotherapy;Implant;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;in vivo Model;Infection;inhibitor;interest;Knock-out;Laboratories;lead candidate;Libraries;Malignant Neoplasms;MAP Kinase Gene;Melanoma Cell;Membrane Proteins;Mentors;Mentorship;Methods;Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;neoplastic cell;next generation;next generation sequencing;novel;Oncology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Performance;Phenotype;pre-clinical;Pre-Clinical Model;preclinical evaluation;programs;Proliferating;Property;Publishing;Research;research clinical testing;Research Personnel;response;screening;Signal Transduction;SILV gene;single-cell RNA sequencing;skills;Solid Neoplasm;Spleen;Structure;synergism;System;T cell response;T cell therapy;T-Cell Activation;T-Cell Proliferation;T-Lymphocyte;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;tool;Training;Translational Research;tumor;Tumor Immunity

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting SOCS1 and RASA2 to Engineer More Potent Adoptive T Cell Therapies for Cancer Treatment.

STUDY_SECTION: NCI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Career Development Study Section (J)[NCI-J]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INSTITUTIONAL

ORG_CITY: CORAL GABLES

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

PHR: This new program seeks to train pre-doctoral students to better recognize how to translate scientific discoveries in immunology to influence and improve the health of patients with cancer, autoimmunity and infectious diseases.

PI_NAMEs: MALEK, THOMAS R (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GONDRE-LEWIS, TIMOTHY A

PROJECT_TITLE: Predoctoral Training in Translational Immunology

STUDY_SECTION: AITC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research Committee[AITC]


ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: The NLRP3 inflammasome forms a supramolecular complex that recruits and activates caspase-1, and plays key roles in innate immune surveillance of infections and other types of danger. These important functions of NLRP3 have garnered extensive interest by both academia and industry, which has transformed NLRP3 as a heavily pursued therapeutic target for diseases of aging and inflammation, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Investigating the functional mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation would provide mechanistic insights that guide the development of NLRP3-targeted therapies.

PI_NAMEs: WU, HAO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGLETON, KENTNER L

PROJECT_TERMS: Academia;aging related disease;Amyloid;Amyloid beta-Protein;Antibodies;Architecture;ATPase Domain;Attention;autoinflammatory;Bacterial Toxins;Binding;Biochemical;C-terminal;Cardiovascular Diseases;CASP1 gene;Caspase;Cell Death;cell injury;Cellular Membrane;Cellular Stress;Centrosome;Chiroptera;Cholesterol;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Complex;conformational conversion;Cryo-electron tomography;Cryoelectron Microscopy;cytokine;Data;Defense Mechanisms;Dependence;Development;Dimerization;Disease;Dynein ATPase;extracellular;Family;Filament;Fishes;Genetic;Genetic Screening;Gout;HDAC6 gene;Host Defense;Host Defense Mechanism;human disease;Hyaluronan;IL18 gene;Image;Immune;Immune system;Immunologic Surveillance;Industry;Infection;Inflammasome;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;interest;Interleukin-1;Interleukin-1 beta;joint inflammation;Length;Leucine-Rich Repeat;Ligands;Lipopolysaccharides;Liposomes;Location;malignant neurologic neoplasms;marenostrin;Mediating;Membrane;Microtubule-Organizing Center;Microtubules;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;monomer;Multiprotein Complexes;Mutagenesis;Mutation;N-terminal;Natural Immunity;Nervous System Disorder;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Nigericin;Nucleotides;particle;Particulate;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Phosphotransferases;Play;Potassium;Process;Protein Engineering;Proteins;Publications;PubMed;reconstitution;recruit;Regulation;response;Rest;Role;scaffold;sensor;Signal Transduction;Stimulus;Structure;Syndrome;targeted treatment;therapeutic target;Toll-like receptors;trafficking;trans-Golgi Network;Uric Acid;Vesicle;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Elucidating the functional mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome activation

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-IIDA-M(90)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Palliative Care

ORG_DEPT: SOCIAL SCIENCES

PHR: Project Narrative There is currently no known prevention, cure, or effective treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) even as the number of people with ADRD is projected to increase dramatically as the population ages. Given these circumstances, policymakers, advocates, clinicians, patients, and caregivers have asked researchers to improve our understanding of the social and cultural dynamics of ADRD in order to develop effective, evidence-based, and sustainable approaches for caring for ADRD-impacted populations. This project develops research resources at the University of California San Francisco that address the need to advance research on the social and cultural dimensions of aging and ADRD.

PI_NAMEs: DOHAN, DANIEL P. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SALIVE, MARCEL

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Advocate;Age;Aging;Alzheimer's disease care;Alzheimer's disease patient;Alzheimer's disease related dementia;Anthropology;Award;Biomedical Research;brain health;California;care coordination;career;Caregiver support;Caregivers;Caring;Centers of Research Excellence;Climate;Clinical Management;Communication;Communities;Creativeness;Dementia;dementia care;Development;Dimensions;Education;Educational process of instructing;effective therapy;Ethics;Ethnography;Event;evidence base;experience;faculty support;Family;Geriatrics;Gerontology;Habits;Health;health care delivery;health determinants;Health Personnel;Health Professional;Healthcare Systems;HIV/AIDS;improved;innovation;Institution;Intervention;knowledge base;Leadership;Libraries;Medical;Mentorship;Neurology;Operative Surgical Procedures;Organizational Culture;Palliative Medicine;patient population;Patients;Persons;Physicians;Policy Maker;Population;Prevalence;Prevention;Public Health;Research;Research Personnel;Resources;Role;San Francisco;Scholarship;Shapes;social;social media;social stigma;Sociology;Students;surrogate decision making;System;Tobacco;Training;Training and Education;Training Programs;Universities

PROJECT_TITLE: Leadership to Enhance Aging Research and Innovation in Medical Culture (LEARN-MC)


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Complementary and Integrative Health;Digestive Diseases;Rehabilitation

ORG_CITY: SAN DIEGO

ORG_NAME: CALIFORNIA MEDICAL INNOVATIONS INSTITUTE

PHR: NARRATIVE Fecal incontinence is a common problem, yet poorly diagnosed and treated. Our goals are to determine the role of anorectal muscles in maintaining continence and defecation, and how their malfunction(s) can cause FI by using a new technology (i.e., Fecobionics) and novel methodology.

PI_NAMEs: GREGERSEN, HANS  (contact);KASSAB, GHASSAN S;RAO, SATISH SC

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: UNALP-ARIDA, AYNUR

PROJECT_TERMS: 3D ultrasound;Affect;American;Anus;Area;Biofeedback Training;Biomechanics;Bionics;Catheters;Characteristics;Circular layer of muscularis propria of anal canal;Clinical;Constipation;Data;Defecation;Development;Devices;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Diagnostic Equipment;Diagnostic tests;Dimensions;Disease;dynamic system;effective therapy;Electronics;experimental study;Fecal Incontinence;Feces;Feedback;Functional disorder;Geometry;Goals;graphical user interface;Health;healthcare burden;improved;Incidence;Individual;insight;interactive tool;invention;Length;Manometry;Maps;Measurement;Mechanics;Methodology;Methods;Monitor;Movement;multidimensional data;Muscle;new technology;novel;Outcome;Outcome Assessment;Outcome Measure;Patients;Pattern;Physiological;Physiology;Prediction of Response to Therapy;Predictive Factor;pressure;Property;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Research;Resistance;Role;Shapes;sphincter ani muscle structure;success;Symptoms;System;Testing;Therapeutic;Thinness;tool;Treatment outcome;treatment strategy;Vagina;viscoelasticity;visual feedback;wireless

PROJECT_TITLE: Pathophysiology, diagnosis and biofeedback therapy in fecal incontinence using fecobionics

STUDY_SECTION: DNPD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Digestive and Nutrient Physiology and Diseases Study Section [DNPD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_DEPT: OPHTHALMOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed work on the mechanisms of retinal iron regulation is important for protecting human health because iron toxicity can occur when iron-containing metal gets into the eye in an accident, when there's bleeding in the eye, and in patients with aceruloplasminemia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa. Our knowledge of retinal iron regulation in the normal retina and understanding of the mechanism of iron accumulation in retinal disease are incomplete. The proposed studies will test mechanisms of transport and toxicity of ferrous iron, as well as a drug with strong potential to inhibit the toxicity.

PI_NAMEs: DUNAIEF, JOSHUA L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SHEN, GRACE L

PROJECT_TERMS: Abnormal pigmentation;Accidents;Aceruloplasminemia;Acids;Acute;age related;Age related macular degeneration;All-Trans-Retinol;arm;ascorbate;Binding;Blood Circulation;Cell membrane;cell type;Cells;Ceruloplasmin;Chronic;Data;Diabetic Retinopathy;Diet;dietary control;Disease;Divalent Cations;early onset;Electron Transport;Enterocytes;Event;extracellular;Eye;feeding;Ferritin;Foreign Bodies;Free Radicals;Funding;gene therapy;Glaucoma;Goals;Health;Hemorrhage;hepcidin;Hereditary Disease;Homologous Gene;Hormone secretion;Human;Hypertrophy;Injections;Integral Membrane Protein;Iron;Iron Overload;Isomerism;Knock-out;Knowledge;Left;Lipid Peroxidation;Lipids;Liver;Macular degeneration;Mediating;Membrane;membrane biogenesis;Metabolic;Metabolism;metal transporting protein 1;Metals;Modeling;Mus;Mutation;Neural Retina;Organ;overexpression;oxidation;Oxidation-Reduction;Oxidative Phosphorylation;Oxidative Stress;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;photoreceptor degeneration;Photoreceptors;Play;Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids;Predisposition;prevent;Prevention;Property;Proteins;Publishing;Reaction;Reactive Oxygen Species;Regulation;Resistance;Retina;Retinal Degeneration;Retinal Diseases;Retinitis Pigmentosa;Role;Serum;Side;Siderosis;subretinal injection;Testing;TFRC gene;Toxic effect;Transferrin;treatment arm;Weaning;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Retinal Iron Health in Transport and Disease

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Pathophysiology of Eye Disease - 1 Study Section[PED1]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Genetics;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Vector-Borne Diseases;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: CHAPEL HILL

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The parasite that causes Chagas disease infects almost six million people globally and causes more morbidity than any other parasitic pathogen in the Americas; congenital infections account for 22% of the 39,000 new infections annually, but unfortunately, many diagnoses are missed because of complicated diagnostic algorithms and a lack of tools to predict which infants are at highest risk. We propose a cohort study in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, where 20% of young women have Chagas disease, to identify risk factors for mother-to-child transmission, understand parasite gene expression signatures that increase risk of infection, and develop better diagnostic tests to detect infections soon after birth. Our innovative approach will integrate field epidemiology, cutting-edge sequencing techniques, and new diagnostics to improve our ability to identify pregnancies at high risk for vertical transmission and diagnose infected infants in the first weeks of life, thus increasing the number of affected children who are cured and decreasing the burden of Chagas disease worldwide.

PI_NAMEs: BOWMAN, NATALIE MCCARTER (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RAO, MALLA R

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;accurate diagnosis;Adult;Affect;age related decline;Algorithms;Americas;Area;Biological Assay;Birth;Blood;Bolivia;Brain;Cardiac;Cardiomyopathies;Chagas Disease;Characteristics;Child;Chronic;Clinical;Clinical Research;cohort;Cohort Studies;congenital infection;curative treatments;deep sequencing;detection method;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;diagnostic algorithm;diagnostic assay;Diagnostic tests;diagnostic tool;Disease;disease transmission;DNA;Early Diagnosis;Early identification;Early treatment;Enrollment;Environmental Risk Factor;Epidemiology;epidemiology study;Equipment;experience;Family;Friends;gastrointestinal;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Profile;Gene Expression Regulation;Genetic;Genomics;Genotype;Goals;Heart;High Prevalence;high risk;high risk infant;Hospitals;Immune Evasion;improved;infancy;Infant;infant infection;Infection;infection risk;innovation;Invaded;laboratory equipment;Lateral;Latin America;Life;Liver;Medical History;Methods;Molecular;Morbidity - disease rate;multidisciplinary;neonatal infection;Neonatal Mortality;neonate;Newborn Infant;novel;novel diagnostics;Outcome;Parasites;Parasitic infection;Parasitology;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Performance;performance tests;Perinatal mortality demographics;perinatal period;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Placenta;point of care;point-of-care diagnostics;Polymerase;Polymerase Chain Reaction;Pregnancy;Pregnancy Complications;Pregnant Women;Premature Birth;Prospective cohort;recombinase;Resource-limited setting;Resources;Risk;Risk Factors;risk stratification;rural area;screening;Serology;Serology test;seropositive;South America;Symptoms;Systemic disease;Techniques;Testing;Tissues;tool;transcriptomics;transmission process;Travel;Trypanosoma cruzi;Up-Regulation;vector-borne;Vertical Disease Transmission;Vertical Transmission;Woman;young woman

PROJECT_TITLE: An integrated approach to understand and diagnose congenital Chagas disease

STUDY_SECTION: CRFS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Research and Field Studies of Infectious Diseases Study Section[CRFS]


ED_INST_TYPE: HOSPITALS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Clinical Research;Genetics;Human Genome;Immunotherapy;Lung;Lung Cancer;Orphan Drug;Precision Medicine;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: HOUSTON

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE New therapeutic strategies are desperately needed for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a highly aggressive disease for which outcomes have remained virtually unchanged for thirty years. Our preliminary data indicate that SCLC inter-tumoral heterogeneity among distinct molecular subsets imparts distinct vulnerabilities to chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and, potentially, immunotherapies; and that intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) contributes to SCLC relapse and drug resistance. This proposal will investigate the therapeutic vulnerabilities of SCLC subtypes and mechanisms of resistance mediated through ITH that have the potential to be rapidly translated into effective, biomarker-driven approaches for patients.

PI_NAMEs: BYERS, LAUREN AVERETT (contact);HEYMACH, JOHN V.;ZHANG, JIANJUN

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FORRY, SUZANNE L

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;advanced disease;ASCL1 gene;aurora kinase;BETA2 protein;Bioinformatics;Biological Markers;biomarker driven;Blood;blood-based biomarker;cancer drug resistance;Cancer Patient;Cancer Relapse;cancer subtypes;Cell Line;Cells;chemotherapy;Chest;Classification;Clinic;Clinical;clinical application;Clinical Data;clinical predictors;Clinical Trials;co-clinical trial;Data;Data Set;differential expression;Disease;DNA Damage;DNA methylation profiling;Drug resistance;effective therapy;Epigenetic Process;Epithelium;Evolution;exome sequencing;Genetic Transcription;Genomics;Goals;Heterogeneity;Immune;immune checkpoint;Immuno-Chemotherapy;Immunologics;Immunotherapy;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;in vivo Model;individualized medicine;Inflammatory;inhibitor;innovation;Inter-tumoral heterogeneity;Investigation;kinase inhibitor;Laboratories;Laboratory Finding;Libraries;Limited Stage;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Mesenchymal;Methylation;methylomics;minimally invasive;Modification;Molecular;Molecular Profiling;molecular subtypes;mouse model;multidisciplinary;Neoplasm Circulating Cells;new therapeutic target;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;Outcome;Pathologist;patient derived xenograft model;patient subsets;Patients;personalized therapeutic;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Pilot Projects;Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor;Population;pre-clinical;Pre-Clinical Model;predictive marker;prevent;programmed cell death ligand 1;Recurrence;Relapse;Research Personnel;Resected;Resistance;resistance mechanism;response;Role;Sampling;Selection for Treatments;small cell lung carcinoma;Subgroup;Survival Rate;System;T-Lymphocyte;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;therapy resistant;Tissues;tool;transcription factor;transcriptome sequencing;transcriptomics;Translating;Treatment Protocols;treatment response;tumor;tumor DNA;tumor heterogeneity;tumor-immune system interactions;Up-Regulation;virtual;working group

PROJECT_TITLE: Molecular and immunological heterogeneity of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) and its impact on relapse and therapeutic response


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biomedical Imaging;Biotechnology;Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis;Clinical Research;Digestive Diseases;Genetics;Hepatitis;Human Genome;Liver Disease

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

PHR: Project Narrative Although progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is emerging as the leading cause of liver disease, there are no FDA-approved drugs for NASH. To identify novel therapeutic targets of NAFLD/NASH, we will leverage the Pakistan Genomic Resource (PGR) that has established the world's largest biobank of human knockouts by leveraging high levels of consanguinity in Pakistan and conduct: (i) large-scale genetic analyses in at-least 700,000 participants of multi-ethnic origin to identify potential causal genes associated with NAFLD/NASH, (ii) conduct call back studies in human knockouts and their consanguineous family members to confirm the causal nature of such genes and assess any adverse effects resulting due to natural deficiency of such genes; (iii) investigate genetic variations that associate with progression of NAFLD to NASH; and (iv) conduct focused mechanistic studies in cells and mice for two high priority genes, WWP2 and CASP8, that have been linked with NAFLD/NASH risk through the studies we have already conducted. Evidence from our proposed studies should identify new mechanism-based, efficacious, and safe therapeutic targets for NASH that are validated through human genetics.

PI_NAMEs: SALEHEEN, DANISH  (contact);TABAS, IRA A

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PAWLIKOWSKA, LUDMILA SYLWIA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adverse effects;Affect;Alleles;biobank;Biochemistry;Biological;Biological Markers;Body System;Callback;Cardiovascular system;CASP8 gene;causal variant;Cell Death;Cells;Chromosome Mapping;Clinical;clinical phenotype;Clinical Research;cohort;consanguineous family;Consanguinity;Data;Data Analyses;Disease Progression;disorder risk;elastography;Enrollment;Epidemiologist;Ethnic Origin;Etiology;European;exome;Family member;FDA approved;Fibrosis;Future;Gene Dosage;Gene Expression;Genes;Genetic;genetic analysis;Genetic Determinism;Genetic Population Study;Genetic Predisposition to Disease;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;genome resource;genome sequencing;genome-wide;genome-wide analysis;genomic locus;Genotype;Hepatic;Hepatocyte;Heterozygote;Human;human data;Human Genetics;In Vitro;in vivo;Infrastructure;interest;Kidney;Knock-out;Link;Lipids;Liver;Liver diseases;loss of function;Maps;Measurement;Metabolic;Molecular and Cellular Biology;multi-ethnic;Mus;Nature;new therapeutic target;non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;novel;Obesity Epidemic;Pakistan;Participant;participant enrollment;Pathway Analysis;Pathway interactions;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;pleiotropism;Population;pre-clinical;preclinical study;Proteins;Proxy;rare variant;Resources;Risk;Role;Safety;Secure;Serum;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Studies;therapeutic target;trait;translational scientist;Translations;ubiquitin-protein ligase;Ultrasonography;ultrasound;Uncertainty;validation studies;Variant;vibration;whole genome

PROJECT_TITLE: Discovery of novel therapeutic targets for NASH through deep phenotyping of human knockouts and mechanistic studies

STUDY_SECTION: GHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Genetics of Health and Disease Study Section[GHD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Neurosciences;Prescription Drug Misuse;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: JACKSON

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHIATRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MISSISSIPPI MED CTR

ORG_STATE: MS

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Valium, Xanax, and related drugs, referred to as “benzodiazepines” are prescribed widely for the treatment of anxiety disorders, one of the most common psychiatric disorders in the U.S. Benzodiazepines are considered to be among the safest prescription drugs in modern medicine, but they unfortunately are also addictive drugs. The overall goal of this application is to uncover mechanisms that underlie long-term exposure to benzodiazepines, namely tolerance and physical dependence, in order to develop safer and more effective medications.

PI_NAMEs: ROWLETT, JAMES K (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: VEMURI, KIRAN R V

PROJECT_TITLE: Tolerance and Physical Dependence after Chronic Benzodiazepine Treatment

STUDY_SECTION: BRLE

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Biobehavioral Regulation, Learning and Ethology Study Section[BRLE]


ORG_CITY: TUCSON

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

ORG_STATE: AZ

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE: OVERALL This renewal of the Asthma and Allergic Disease Cooperative Research Center (AADCRC) program will continue to evaluate the still under-studied components of innate immunity and viral infection is asthma: Palmitoyl-oleoyl- phosphatidylglycerol (POPG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), Toll interacting protein (Tollip) and surfactant protein-A (SP-A) and their impact upon viral infections in asthma. The strong synergy and 20-year collaboration among the AADCRC’s three projects and project leaders will accelerate progress toward novel therapies by demonstrating that the innate immune components under study protect against viral infection in asthma.

PI_NAMEs: KRAFT, MONICA  (contact);VERCELLI, DONATA

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DONG, GANG

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;Acceleration;ACE2;Airway Disease;Allergens;Allergic Disease;Alveolar;Asthma;asthma exacerbation;atopy;Attenuated;bronchial epithelium;Bronchoscopy;Chronic;Clinical;clinically relevant;Collaborations;Communication;cytokine;Data;data management;Disease;Distal;Epithelial Cells;Event;Exhibits;Genetic Transcription;Genotype;Homeostasis;Human;IL6 Signaling Pathway;Immune;Immune response;Immunity;Immunologic Factors;Immunomodulators;In Vitro;Infection;Infectious Agent;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Influenza;Influenza A virus;innate immune function;Innate Immune Response;innovation;Interleukin-13;Irritants;Lung Diseases;Mediating;Mediator;Modeling;Molecular;Mus;Natural Immunity;Nose;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutics;Participant;Pathway interactions;Phase;Phenotype;Phosphatidylglycerols;Phosphatidylinositols;Phospholipids;Physiological;Positioning Attribute;Production;Productivity;programs;protective effect;Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A;Pyroglyphidae;receptor;receptor binding;recruit;Research;Resources;Respiratory System;response;Rhinovirus;Risk Factors;Role;Sampling;SARS-CoV-2 infection;Severities;Shipping;Signal Transduction;spheroids;Supplementation;surfactant;synergism;Testing;Tissues;TOLLIP gene;tool;Viral;Virus;Virus Diseases;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Innate Immunity and Viral Infection in Asthma


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Asthma;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Lung

PI_NAMEs: KRAFT, MONICA  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;Acceleration;Adherence;Advisory Committees;Allergic Disease;Anions;Arizona;Asthma;asthma exacerbation;Attenuated;Biological;Biological Response Modifiers;clinical practice;Collaborations;Collection;Communication;Communities;conflict resolution;cost;Credentialing;Data;Data Analyses;data management;Ensure;Ethics;follower of religion Jewish;Fostering;Funding Opportunities;Future;Grant;Guidelines;Health;Human Resources;human subject;Immune;Immune response;Immunologic Factors;Immunomodulators;Infection;Inflammation;inflammatory modulation;Inflammatory Response;Influenza A virus;Information Dissemination;Infrastructure;innate immune mechanisms;Institution;Lipids;Mediator;Medical center;meetings;member;Molecular;Monitor;Natural Immunity;novel therapeutics;operation;Participant;Performance;Phosphatidylglycerols;Phosphatidylinositols;Productivity;Program Reviews;programs;Publications;Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A;Recording of previous events;Regulation;Research;Research Activity;Research Personnel;Resources;Role;Sampling;Schedule;Shipping;success;surfactant;symposium;synergism;TOLLIP gene;Translating;Travel;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Vertebrates;Viral;Virus Diseases;Vision;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Administrative Core


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Asthma;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Coronaviruses;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Influenza;Lung;Pneumonia and Influenza

PI_NAMEs: CARR, TARA F (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;ACE2;airway epithelium;Alleles;Allergic Disease;Alveolar Macrophages;Animal Model;Anions;Asthma;asthma exacerbation;asthmatic;atopy;Attenuated;biobank;Biological;Biological Markers;Biological Response Modifiers;Biometry;Biopsy;Blood;Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid;Bronchoscopy;Bronchoscopy with Bronchoalveolar Lavage;Brush Cell;Cells;Clinical;Clinical Data;clinical phenotype;Clinical Research;Collaborations;Collection;Consent;cost effective;cytokine;Data;Data Analyses;Data Collection;data management;DNA;Effectiveness;Epithelial Cells;Epithelium;experience;experimental study;Future;Genetic Transcription;Genotype;Goals;Heterogeneity;Human;human disease;human subject;Human Subject Research;Immune response;Immunologic Factors;Immunomodulators;Individual;Infection;Inflammation;inflammatory modulation;Inflammatory Response;Influenza;Influenza A virus;influenzavirus;Innate Immune System;Interleukin-6;Leadership;Lipids;Liquid substance;Mediator;Modeling;Molecular;Nasal Epithelium;Natural Immunity;Nose;novel;Participant;Patient Recruitments;patient safety;Patients;Peripheral;Phase;Phenotype;Phosphatidylglycerols;Phosphatidylinositols;Procedures;Process;Production;programs;Protocols documentation;Pulmonary function tests;Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A;receptor;receptor binding;Receptor-Interacting Protein;recruit;Research;Research Personnel;Rhinovirus;Safety;sample collection;Sampling;SARS-CoV-2 infection;screening;Services;Signal Transduction;Specimen;Standardization;Statistical Data Interpretation;Supplementation;surfactant;synergism;Testing;Tissues;Toll-like receptors;TOLLIP gene;Viral;Virus Diseases;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Core B Clinical Core


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Diabetes;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Macular Degeneration;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: NORMAN

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA

ORG_STATE: OK

PHR: Narrative A number of lines of evidence, including subjective self-report, suggest that difﬁculties with facial perception and memory are components of the deﬁcits experienced in diabetic retinopathy. However, very little work has been done on this question. The goals of the present effort are to (a) quantify the prevalence and severity of problems with facial perception and memory in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, (b) empirically analyze the representation and processing of two canonical forms of facial information (featural and conﬁgural), and (c) provide a ﬁrst formal theoretical account of that representation and processing, all in a sample of individuals with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, with and without macular edema.

PI_NAMEs: WENGER, MICHAEL J (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Age;age group;Age related macular degeneration;American;Architecture;Attention;Background Diabetic Retinopathy;Behavior Therapy;Blindness;cognitive function;Complex;Contrast Sensitivity;Detection;Diabetes Mellitus;Diabetic Retinopathy;Diffuse;Early identification;experience;Experimental Designs;Face;face perception;Face Processing;Glaucoma;Goals;Hemorrhage;Impairment;Individual;Intervention;Literature;macula;macular edema;Measures;Mediating;Medical;Memory;Microaneurysm;Modeling;Monitor;Nature;Neuropsychology;novel;Oklahoma;Pathology;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Pattern;Perception;Performance;Prevalence;proliferative diabetic retinopathy;Quality of life;Questionnaires;Race;Reading;reading difficulties;recruit;Reporting;Research;Retinal Diseases;Retinal Neovascularization;Sampling;Severities;sex;skills;social;Structural defect;Symptoms;systematic review;Systems Theory;theories;Translating;Variant;vascular abnormality;Venous;Vision;Visual;Visual Acuity;visual memory;Well in self;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Characterizing the prevalence and nature of facial recognition deficits in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy

STUDY_SECTION: HCMF

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Human Complex Mental Function Study Section[HCMF]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Brain Disorders;Genetics;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_CITY: STANFORD

ORG_NAME: STANFORD UNIVERSITY

PHR: NARRATIVE The slow pace of progress in understanding brain disorders is partly due to a lack of access to live neurons from patients for detailed investigation by imaging, recording, and stimulation. We propose to build the next-generation, in vitro organoid models of human brain function by including neural projections that release modulatory molecules. We plan to use this novel system to understand how communication between brain regions goes wrong in genetic neurodevelopmental disorders and to identify means to reverse these defects.

PI_NAMEs: PASCA, SERGIU  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PANCHISION, DAVID M

PROJECT_TERMS: 16p11.2;3-Dimensional;Acceleration;Acetylcholine;Affect;Anatomy;atypical antipsychotic;Award;axon guidance;Brain;Brain Diseases;Brain region;Brain Stem;brain tissue;Calcium;Cell Communication;Cell Line;Cells;Central Nervous System;Cerebral cortex;cohort;Communication;Coupled;Coupling;CRISPR/Cas technology;Defect;Development;directed differentiation;Disease;disease model;Dopamine;Electrophysiology (science);Engineering;experimental study;Functional disorder;Gene Expression;Genes;Genetic;Glutamates;Goals;Growth Factor;High Pressure Liquid Chromatography;Human;Human Biology;human induced pluripotent stem cells;human model;human pluripotent stem cell;Hybrids;Image;immunocytochemistry;In Vitro;insight;Interneurons;Investigation;Laboratories;Lentivirus;Measurement;Mental disorders;Methods;migration;Modeling;Molecular;Names;National Institute of Mental Health;Nervous System;neural;neural network;Neurobiology;neurodevelopment;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;Neuromodulator;neuronal excitability;Neurons;neuropsychiatric disorder;neuropsychiatry;neuroregulation;Neurosciences;next generation;novel;novel strategies;Opsin;optogenetics;Organ;Organoids;patch clamp;Pathogenesis;Patients;Pattern;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacology;Phenotype;Physiological;Play;Pluripotent Stem Cells;Positioning Attribute;Preparation;Process;programs;Property;Prosencephalon;rabies viral tracing;raphe nuclei;receptor;Rodent Model;Role;Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor;Serotonergic System;Serotonin;Signal Transduction;Slice;social deficits;spheroids;stem cell biology;stem cell model;stem cell proliferation;Synapses;Syndrome;System;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;three dimensional structure;transcriptomics;Viral;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Gaining insight into psychiatric disease by engineering piece by piece the human brain in vitro.


PI_NAMEs: VOELKER, DENNIS R. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Adult;Affinity;Air;Alleles;analog;Animals;Anti-viral Agents;anti-viral efficacy;Asthma;asthma exacerbation;asthmatic;asthmatic patient;Attenuated;Binding;Binding Proteins;burden of illness;Cadherins;Cell surface;Cell Surface Receptors;Cells;Chronic lung disease;Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease;cilium motility;Clinical;Clinical Research;Collaborations;Collection;Complex;Data;Data Set;early childhood;Economic Burden;Epithelial Cells;Evaluation;experimental study;Gene Proteins;Genetic;Genetic Polymorphism;Genetic Transcription;genetic variant;Homologous Gene;Hospitalization;Human;human coronavirus;Immunization;improved;in vivo;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response Pathway;Influenza A virus;Innate Immune System;Interferons;Interstitial Lung Diseases;Lavage;Learning;Length;Letters;Ligands;Lipids;Liquid substance;Lung;Lung Diseases;Mediating;Minor;mouse model;Mus;Nasal Epithelium;Natural Immunity;novel;Outcome;Participant;patient population;Patients;Phosphatidylglycerols;Phosphatidylinositols;Phospholipids;Play;prevent;Prevention;Process;Production;programs;Prophylactic treatment;Protein Inhibition;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;Pulmonary Cystic Fibrosis;Pulmonary Surfactants;Pyroglyphidae;Reagent;Receptor Activation;Refractory;replication factor C;Replication-Associated Process;Respiratory syncytial virus;response;Rhinovirus;Rhinovirus infection;Role;Serotyping;Serum;Site;Subgroup;surfactant;System;targeted agent;targeted treatment;Therapeutic;Toll-like receptors;Transcription Process;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Transgenic Mice;Variant;Viral;viral entry inhibitor;Viral Load result;Viral Physiology;Viral Respiratory Tract Infection;Virion;Virulence;Virulent;Virus;Virus Diseases;Virus Replication;Wheezing;Whole Organism;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Surfactant Lipid and Protein Inhibition of Rhinovirus Infections


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Diabetes;Neurosciences;Nutrition

ORG_CITY: BIRMINGHAM

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM

ORG_STATE: AL

PHR: Project Narrative Metabolic syndrome (METS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are common, but complex, health conditions affecting 1/3 of the US population and increasing the risk of death and disability. The goal of this project is to define the relationship between brain inflammation and an early pathophysiologic feature of these diseases: impaired sympathetic nerve mediated lipolysis in adipose tissue. The results of this project will be applicable to targeting brain inflammation and adipose tissue dysfunction in the context of METS and T2D.

PI_NAMEs: ROSENCRANS, ROBERT F (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CASTLE, ARTHUR

PROJECT_TERMS: Ablation;Acceleration;Acute;Address;Adipose tissue;Adrenergic Receptor;Affect;Agonist;American;Animal Model;antagonist;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Binding;Blood Glucose;blood glucose regulation;Body System;Brain;Brain region;brain tissue;Bypass;Cardiovascular system;Catecholamines;Chronic;Clinical;clinically significant;comparative;Complex;cytokine;Data;desensitization;Development;diabetic;Diet;dietary;disability;Disease;disease model;Down-Regulation;drug repurposing;Encephalitis;Exhibits;experimental study;Fasting;FDA approved;feeding;Functional disorder;gamma-Aminobutyric Acid;Glucose Intolerance;glucose metabolism;Glucose tolerance test;glucose uptake;Glycine;Goals;Health;High Fat Diet;Hyperactivity;Hyperinsulinism;Hypothalamic structure;Impairment;improved;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;Insulin;Insulin Resistance;insulin signaling;Intervention;Kidney;Link;Lipolysis;Liver;Measures;Mediating;Mesentery;Metabolic Diseases;Metabolic syndrome;Metabolism;Mission;Modeling;mortality;mortality risk;mouse model;Mus;National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases;Nerve;Neurons;Neurotransmitters;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Nonesterified Fatty Acids;Norepinephrine;novel;Pancreas;Pathology;Peptides;pharmacologic;Phenotype;Physicians;Physiological Processes;Population;Primates;Property;Public Health;receptor;Regulation;Research;Resistance;response;Risk;Risk Factors;Rodent;Role;saturated fat;Scientist;Signal Transduction;skills;Somatostatin;somatostatin analog;Sympathetic Nervous System;Sympatholytics;System;Techniques;Testing;Tissues;Training;Triglycerides;Visceral

PROJECT_TITLE: Depleting Somatostatinergic Neurons Recapitulates Diabetic Phenotypes In Brain and Adipose Tissue