NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Methamphetamine;Prevention;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Stimulant Use and Misuse;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: STORRS-MANSFIELD

ORG_DEPT: OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONS

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT STORRS

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Hispanic/Latino sexual minority men are disproportionately impacted by methamphetamine use and HIV, yet represent an understudied population. This study is designed to test a social-ecological model that examines the effects of intersecting drug use stigma and sexual minority stigma on drug use and HIV vulnerability among Hispanic/Latino sexual minority men. This project aims to advance HIV prevention research and inform multilevel stigma reduction interventions to reduce the burden of HIV in this critical population.

PI_NAMEs: MOODY, RAYMOND LEE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DUNSTON, SHEBA KING

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Acculturation;Address;Age;AIDS prevention;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Area;Behavior;Behavioral;biobehavior;Biological;Biological Markers;Biological Process;career development;Cohort Studies;Collection;Communities;comorbidity;condoms;cytokine;Data;Dedications;design;Development;Drug usage;emotion dysregulation;emotion regulation;Epidemic;Ethnic Origin;follow-up;Goals;Health;health determinants;Health Personnel;high risk;Hispanic;HIV;HIV diagnosis;HIV disparities;HIV Infections;HIV risk;HIV Seronegativity;HIV Seropositivity;IL8 gene;Inflammation;Inflammatory;innovation;Interferon Type II;Interleukin-10;Interleukin-6;internalized stigma;Intervention;Latino;Laws;Link;Mentored Research Scientist Development Award;Mentors;Mentorship;methamphetamine use;Modeling;National Institute of Drug Abuse;novel strategies;Outcome;Participant;Pilot Projects;Policies;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;Prejudice;Prevention Research;preventive intervention;Process;Proctitis;Productivity;psychologic;psychosocial;recruit;rectal mucosa;Rectum;Research;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Risk;Science;Severities;sexual minority;sexual minority men;social;Social Environment;social influence;social norm;social stigma;Social support;sociocultural determinant;Stigmatization;Structural Models;substance use;Surveys;Swab;Testing;TNF gene;Training;Transforming Growth Factor beta;Translations;working group

PROJECT_TITLE: Stigma, drug use, and HIV vulnerability among Hispanic and Latino sexual minority men

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 SCIL-S (03)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;HIV/AIDS;Human Genome;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Pulmonary Hypertension

ORG_CITY: LUBBOCK

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIS CENTER

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: NARRATIVE The blood vessels in the lungs are severely affected in the presence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. This leads to serious illnesses in the lungs and in the heart and we still do not know how HIV causes or contributes to these severe pulmonary vascular diseases. Here we are proposing experiments to understand how HIV molecules change the way that lung molecules interact so that we can propose novel therapies to prevent lung diseases in people with HIV.

PI_NAMEs: ALMODOVAR, SHARILYN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SUTLIFF, ROY L

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;adaptive immune response;Address;Affect;Alanine;Alleles;antiretroviral therapy;Apoptosis;Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase;Area;Automobile Driving;Blood Vessels;cell injury;Cell Physiology;Cell Survival;Cells;Cessation of life;chemokine receptor;Chronic;comorbidity;Complex;constriction;CXCR4 gene;CXCR4 Signaling Pathway;Data;Development;Disease;Endothelial Cells;Endothelium;Ensure;epigenomics;experimental study;Functional disorder;Future;Genetic Polymorphism;genetic variant;Heart;Heart failure;hemodynamics;high risk;HIV;HIV Envelope Protein gp120;Human;IL7 gene;Immune system;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Inflammation;Injury;Knowledge;Lead;Leukotrienes;Literature;Lung;Lung Diseases;Mediating;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Cloning;Molecular Profiling;mouse model;Mus;Mutation;Mutation Detection;National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute;normotensive;novel;novel therapeutics;Organ;Paracrine Communication;Pathogenesis;pathogenic virus;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;Phenotype;Pilot Projects;Polymorphism Analysis;polypeptide;Population;Positioning Attribute;Predisposition;prevent;Production;Proline;Proteins;Publishing;pulmonary arterial pressure;pulmonary artery endothelial cell;Pulmonary Hypertension;pulmonary vascular cells;pulmonary vascular disorder;pulmonary vascular remodeling;Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases;Research;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Resistance;response;Right Ventricular Hypertrophy;Role;Sampling;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;single cell ATAC-seq;single-cell RNA sequencing;Smooth Muscle Myocytes;src-Family Kinases;Testing;Therapeutic;Tissues;transcriptome;transcriptomics;Variant;Vascular Diseases;Vascular Smooth Muscle;vasoconstriction;Virion;Virus;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Role of HIV gp120 and Nef in Transcriptome Dysregulation and Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling

STUDY_SECTION: HCCS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Comorbidities and Clinical Studies Study Section[HCCS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Immunotherapy;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Orphan Drug;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis;Tuberculosis Vaccine;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: BALTIMORE

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MD

PHR: NARRATIVE We developed a novel therapeutic tuberculosis (TB) vaccine that potentiates the efficacy of the traditional, prolonged TB treatment. With the mechanistic studies described in this proposal, we will dissect the multifaceted immune response to TB, offering shorter treatment and alternative options to standard TB treatment when adverse drug reactions, resistance, recurrence, or treatment failure complicate clinical management, especially in high-risk populations, including patients living with HIV. Understanding how our TB therapeutic vaccine works can serve as proof-of-concept for targeting other key TB-related enzymes and treating other chronic infections.

PI_NAMEs: KARANIKA, STYLIANI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MENDEZ, SUSANA

PROJECT_TERMS: active method;Adoptive Transfer;adverse drug reaction;Affect;Antigens;arm;CCL20 gene;CD4 Lymphocyte Count;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cell Maturation;Cells;chemokine;chronic infection;Clinical Management;Coculture Techniques;Collecting Cell;Data;Dendritic cell activation;Dendritic Cells;Disease Outcome;DNA;DNA Vaccines;draining lymph node;Enzymes;Exhibits;experimental study;Flow Cytometry;Fluorescent Antibody Technique;Genes;high risk population;HIV;HIV/AIDS;HIV/TB;Human;IL17 gene;Image;imaging system;Immune response;Immunity;Immunization;Immunize;Immunology;in vivo;International;Intramuscular;Intranasal Administration;Knock-out;Lung;Lymphocyte Activation;Measures;Mentors;Molecular;Mus;mycobacterial;Mycobacterium tuberculosis;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Patients;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Persons;Physicians;Play;Proteins;Pulmonary Tuberculosis;receptor;Recurrence;Reporting;Resistance;response;Risk;RNA vaccine;Role;Route;Scientist;skills;spectrograph;Spleen;Sputum;Suspensions;T cell response;T memory cell;T-Cell Activation;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic DNA;therapeutic evaluation;therapeutic vaccine;Tissues;transcriptomics;translational potential;Treatment Efficacy;Treatment Failure;Treatment outcome;Tuberculosis;tuberculosis drugs;tuberculosis treatment;Tuberculosis Vaccines;Up-Regulation;Vaccinated;Vaccination;vaccination strategy;vaccine delivery;vaccine platform;Vaccine Therapy;Vaccines;vaccinology;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanisms of a therapeutic DNA vaccine targeting Mycobacterium tuberculosis persisters

STUDY_SECTION: AIDS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Study Section[AIDS]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Clinical Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Microbiome;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Sexually Transmitted Infections;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: ATLANTA

ORG_DEPT: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

ORG_NAME: EMORY UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: GA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection globally, is associated with a number of adverse health outcomes, and has received comparatively little public health attention. We propose to examine the natural history of TV across the lifespan by characterizing the epidemiology, assessing risk factors associated with TV susceptibility, and profiling the local and systemic (immune/microbiota) effects of TV infection by life stage and HIV status. This work will shed light on the reasons for the curious bimodal age distribution in TV prevalence, the mechanisms by which the parasite induces disease and, ultimately, contribute to understanding the disproportionate adverse health outcomes in women of African descent and in the Southern United States.

PI_NAMEs: YOUNG, MARISA R (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHUANG, ELEANORE JENNIFER

PROJECT_TERMS: 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing;Address;Adolescent;Adult;Affect;African American;African American Women;African ancestry;African Women;Age;Age Distribution;age related changes;Age related comorbidities;aged;Attention;Bacteria;Bacterial Vaginosis;Biological;Biological Markers;career development;Cervix Neoplasms;Chlamydia trachomatis;Clinical;cofactor;Cohort Studies;community health study;comparative;Curiosities;Data;Development Plans;Disease;Ecology;Environment;Epidemiology;Estrogen decline;Female;female reproductive tract;Foundations;General Population;Goals;Health;health disparities in women;health disparity;High Prevalence;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV Seropositivity;Immune;Immune system;Immunity;Immunologics;improved;Individual;Infant Mortality;Infection;Infertility;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Laboratories;Lactobacillus;Life;life span;longitudinal dataset;Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri;Maternal Mortality;Menopausal Status;Methods;microbial;microbiome;microbiome composition;microbiota;Modality;Natural History;Nature;neglect;Neisseria gonorrhoeae;older women;Outcome;Parasites;Participant;Pathway interactions;Pelvic Inflammatory Disease;Perimenopause;Phenotype;Physicians;poor health outcome;Population;Postmenopause;Predisposition;Premature Birth;Premenopause;Prevalence;Public Health;Race;racial disparity;reproductive;Risk;Risk Assessment;Risk Factors;routine screening;Sampling;Scientist;screening;Sexually Transmitted Diseases;sociodemographics;Statistical Data Interpretation;Testing;Training;transmission process;Trichomonas vaginalis;United States;Vagina;vaginal microbiome;vaginal mucosa;Visit;Woman;Women's Interagency HIV Study;women's outcomes;Women's prevalence;Work;young adult

PROJECT_TITLE: Trichomonas vaginalis through the lifespan


ORG_DEPT: PEDIATRICS

PHR: Health Relevance While current anti-HIV therapeutic agents contribute to the effective suppression of HIV-1 in patients, actual choices for long-term treatment are rather limited due to viral escape, cross-resistance, and toxicity, demanding discovery of newer and safer classes of anti-HIV agents. This application focuses on developing a new class of safe and potent anti-HIV agents that specifically target HIV-1 integration and maturation, which can contribute to more effective long-term suppression of HIV-1 and ultimately HIV-1 cure.

PI_NAMEs: KIM, BAEK  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PTAK, ROGER

PROJECT_TERMS: Affinity;Animals;Anti-HIV Agents;Anti-viral Agents;anti-viral efficacy;antiretroviral therapy;Binding;Binding Sites;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Capsid;Catalytic Domain;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Chemicals;Chromosomes;Clinical;clinical development;Complex;Computational Biology;design;Evaluation;first-in-human;Formulation;Generations;Genetic;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Grant;Health;HIV;HIV-1;HIV-1 integrase;Human;Hydrophobic Interactions;improved;In Vitro;inhibitor;innovation;Integrase;Integrase Inhibitors;Integration Host Factors;integration site;Investigation;Mediating;methyl group;monomer;mutant;nanomolar;novel;Oral;Patients;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Pharmacology;phase I trial;pre-clinical;pyridine;Pyrroles;quinoline;reactivation from latency;Reporting;research clinical testing;Resistance;resistance mutation;Roentgen Rays;Safety;scaffold;Series;Side;Site;structural biology;Structure;synergism;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Therapeutic Agents;Toxic effect;Toxicology;transcription factor;transcriptional coactivator p75;Viral;Viral Genome;Viral Physiology;viral resistance;viral RNA;Virus;Virus Diseases;Virus Integration;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Structural and Chemical Analysis of Highly Potent ALLINI Platform

STUDY_SECTION: HVCD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Molecular Virology, Cell Biology, and Drug Development Study Section[HVCD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Breastfeeding, Lactation and Breast Milk;Clinical Research;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Maternal Health;Maternal Morbidity and Mortality;Nutrition;Obesity;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Physical Activity;Prevention;Women's Health Research

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

PHR: Project Narrative: With the ongoing scale up of Dolutegravir (DTG), an integrase strand transfer inhibitor antiretroviral treatment, in Sub-Saharan Africa, weight gain has been noted in postpartum women living with HIV. How maternal DTG impacts the physiology of maternal and infant body weight regulation has not been studied. In a cohort of maternal-infant dyads from Uganda, we propose to study how DTG-based regimens affects energy intake and expenditure along with biological measures of appetite and metabolic pathways relevant in weight regulation.

PI_NAMEs: AIZIRE, JIM K (contact);SHIVAKOTI, RUPAK

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MAJJI, SAI PRASANNA

PROJECT_TERMS: Accelerometer;Address;Adult;adverse birth outcomes;Affect;Africa;Africa South of the Sahara;African;Agonist;antiretroviral therapy;Appetite Regulation;Appetite Stimulants;Biological;Body Composition;Body Weight;Breastfed infant;clinical research site;clinically significant;cohort;Conduct Clinical Trials;cost;Data;Desire for food;dietary;Dietary Fiber;Disease;disorder risk;doubly-labeled water;Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry;efavirenz;Energy Intake;Energy Metabolism;Enrollment;Expenditure;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Formulation;Funding;Future;glucagon-like peptide 1;Growth;Health;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-exposed uninfected infant;Hormones;increased appetite;Infant;inhibitor;insight;Intake;Integrase;Intervention;Lactation;Link;Literature;Maternal Physiology;maternal risk;Measures;Metabolic;Metabolic Pathway;Methods;microbiome;Mothers;non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors;novel;Obesity;Outcome;Overweight;Parents;Peptides;Persons;Physical activity;Physical assessment;Physiological;Physiology;pill;Population;Postpartum Period;postpartum weight;Postpartum Women;Pregnancy;Probiotics;Questionnaires;Randomized;Reducing Agents;Regimen;Regulation;Reporting;Research;Resistance;Risk;Risk Reduction;scale up;Special Population;standard of care;Therapeutic;Thinness;total energy expenditure;Uganda;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Volatile Fatty Acids;Weight;Weight Gain;Woman;Wrist

PROJECT_TITLE: Appetite regulation with DTG based ART in postpartum women living with HIV and their infants (Ar-DART)


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Coronaviruses;Coronaviruses Vaccines;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: Project Narrative Immunity to enveloped, RNA viruses that utilize a trimeric-protein-spike, Class I membrane-fusion cellular invasion mechanism maps to host antibodies targeting the apex of the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 viral spike. In this exploratory project, we will investigate whether equivalent antibody-targeted epitopes at the apex of the HIV/SIV viral spike can mediate a similar level of protection from viral challenge, a level which has been elusive for HIV vaccine candidates for nearly 40 years. This hypothesis will be tested by engineering a vaccine containing only the two key spike-apical, antibody-targeted epitopes and testing it in a non-human primate model of HIV/SIV infection.

PI_NAMEs: CARDOZO, TIMOTHY J (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHAKRABARTI, BIMAL KUMAR

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;3-Dimensional;Animals;Antibodies;Antibody Response;antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity;Antigenic Variation;Antigens;Apical;B-Lymphocyte Epitopes;Binding Sites;Case Study;Cholera Toxin;comparative;COVID-19 vaccine;cytotoxic;design;Development;Disease;Elements;Engineering;Epitopes;Excision;exposed human population;Exposure to;FDA approved;fighting;HIV;HIV envelope protein;HIV vaccine;HIV/AIDS;Human;Immune;Immune response;Immunity;immunogenic;immunogenicity;improved;in vivo;Infection;Influenza;insight;Integrins;Invaded;Location;Maps;Masks;Mediating;Membrane Fusion;Minority Groups;Modeling;Monoclonal Antibodies;Mucous Membrane;N-terminal;Names;neutralizing antibody;nonhuman primate;novel;pandemic disease;Peripheral;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Positioning Attribute;pre-clinical;Pre-Clinical Model;pressure;Proteins;receptor binding;Recipe;reconstitution;Research Project Grants;RNA Viruses;SARS coronavirus;scaffold;severe COVID-19;simian human immunodeficiency virus;Site;SIV;Structure;success;synergism;Testing;three dimensional structure;Vaccination;vaccine candidate;Vaccine Clinical Trial;vaccine development;vaccine efficacy;vaccine trial;Vaccines;Viral;Virus

PROJECT_TITLE: Synergizing neutralization and non-neutralization antibody targets at the HIV/SIV viral spike apex

STUDY_SECTION: HIVD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Immunopathogenesis and Vaccine Development Study Section[HIVD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF DENTISTRY/ORAL HYGN

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Brain Disorders;Genetics;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_DEPT: PATHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: Despite the advent of antiretroviral therapy, HIV positive patients continue to have changes in the white matter of the brain, especially in myelin, the lipid membrane formed by oligodendrocytes. Myelin is necessary for the propagation of nervous impulses and the protection of the nerves. Our studies address the effects of HIV infection and the antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV on the development and function of the oligodendrocytes and the myelin sheath.

PI_NAMEs: GRINSPAN, JUDITH B;JORDAN-SCIUTTO, KELLY L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RAO, VASUDEV RAMACHANDRA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Alleles;Animal Model;Anti-Retroviral Agents;antiretroviral therapy;arm;Attenuated;Behavioral;biological adaptation to stress;Brain;Cell Death;cell type;Cells;Ceramides;Cerebrospinal Fluid;Cessation of life;Cognitive;cognitive change;cohort;Consequences of HIV;Data;Defect;Development;Diagnosis;Drug usage;Endoplasmic Reticulum;Enzymes;Exhibits;Exposure to;Functional disorder;Genes;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;Goals;gray matter;Health;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV Seropositivity;HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder;Impaired cognition;In Vitro;in vitro Model;in vitro testing;in vivo;in vivo Model;Inflammation;Lesion;lipid metabolism;Lipids;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measures;Membrane;Membrane Lipids;Memory impairment;Mental Health;Messenger RNA;Minor;Modeling;motor disorder;Mus;Myelin;Myelin Proteins;Myelin Sheath;myelination;Nerve;Neurocognitive Deficit;neuroimaging;Neurologic;Oligodendroglia;OmpR protein;Organelles;Pathology;Patients;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phosphotransferases;prevent;Process;Production;protein expression;Protein Kinase;protein kinase R;Proteins;Regulation;remyelination;Reporting;response;Role;Sampling;Signal Transduction;Stress;stress granule;System;Therapeutic Intervention;therapy duration;Thick;Transcript;transcription factor;transcriptome;Translational Repression;Viral;white matter;white matter change

PROJECT_TITLE: Oligodendrocyte damage and dysfunction in HIV associated neurocognitive disorder


ADMINISTERING_IC: DA

FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Brain Disorders;Cannabidiol Research;Cannabinoid Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Endocannabinoid System Research;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Natural Products;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse;Therapeutic Cannabinoid Research

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Microglia mediate chronic neuroinflammation during HIV that contributes to the development of neurologic dysfunction in up to 50% of people living with the virus, which is a major public health issue. We propose to leverage the anti-inflammatory potential of the endocannabinoid system, through pharmacologic agonists and the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol, to suppress this deleterious response in HIV-infected and uninfected microglia. Coupled with my mentorship and training goals, successful completion of these activities will propel me forward in accomplishing my long-term goal of becoming a public health research scientist working at the intersection of HIV and substance use.

PI_NAMEs: ELLISON, ALYSHA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LIN, YU

PROJECT_TERMS: Activities of Daily Living;Agonist;antagonist;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Anti-viral Response;antiretroviral therapy;Anxiety;Astrocytes;Award;Brain;brain cell;Brain region;Cannabidiol;Cannabinoids;cell type;Cells;Characteristics;chemokine;Chronic;CNR1 gene;CNR2 gene;Cognitive deficits;Coupled;CXCL10 gene;cytokine;daily functioning;Data;Demyelinations;Development;differential expression;Disease;Encephalitis;Endocannabinoids;endogenous cannabinoid system;Endothelial Cells;Environment;experience;Exposure to;Fellowship;Flow Cytometry;Funding;Goals;Health;HIV;HIV Infections;Human;Immunoassay;immunoregulation;Impairment;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;Interferon Type II;Interleukin-1 beta;Interleukin-10;Interleukin-12;Interleukin-6;Laboratories;Lipopolysaccharides;Macaca mulatta;Macrophage;Mediating;Mediator;Mental Depression;Mentorship;Microglia;Modeling;monocyte;Myelogenous;Myeloid Cells;neuroinflammation;Neurologic;Neurologic Deficit;Neurologic Dysfunctions;Neurologic Symptoms;Neurons;neurotropic virus;Pericytes;Persons;pharmacologic;phytocannabinoid;Positioning Attribute;Postdoctoral Fellow;PPAR alpha;Process;Production;Property;Public Health;public health research;Quality of life;receptor;receptor expression;receptor function;Research;response;Scientist;Secure;SIV;substance use;Testing;TNF gene;Training;Viral;Virus;Virus Diseases

PROJECT_TITLE: Endocannabinoid Modulation of the HIV-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Response

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 F17B-W (20)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_NAME: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The leading infectious cause of death for people living with HIV is tuberculosis (TB), and unfortunately even when HIV is controlled and TB is cured, people with both HIV and TB have a four times higher death rate than people with HIV who never had TB. We think this may be because TB changes how immune cells in the body are infected with HIV, so this research will study how many and what kind of immune cells are infected with HIV when people also have TB. This may help us to understand how to cure HIV when people have both HIV and TB.

PI_NAMEs: DUPNIK, KATHRYN M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RADKE, JOSHUA BRYAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Antigens;antiretroviral therapy;Area;Bacteriology;Biological Assay;burden of illness;Case/Control Studies;Cause of Death;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cells;Chronic;Clinical Data;Clonal Expansion;co-infection;cohort;Cohort Studies;Collaborations;Collecting Cell;Country;Cross-Sectional Studies;curative treatments;Cytomegalovirus;Data;Death Rate;Dementia;Diagnosis;digital;Disease;DNA;Enrollment;Epidemiology;Etiology;Event;exhaust;exhaustion;feasibility research;Future;global health;Goals;Haiti;HIV;HIV diagnosis;HIV Infections;HIV/TB;Immune;Immunologist;Incidence;Inflammation;innovative technologies;Leukapheresis;Leukocytes;Life;Measures;Medicine;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Mycobacterium tuberculosis;Neurocognitive Deficit;New York City;Newly Diagnosed;Outcome;Peptides;Peripheral;Persons;Phenotype;point of care;Positioning Attribute;Productivity;Proviruses;Pulmonary Tuberculosis;Recording of previous events;Research;Resources;Risk;Specificity;Stimulus;Symptoms;syndemic;synergism;T cell receptor repertoire sequencing;T cell response;T-cell diversity;T-Cell Receptor;Tuberculosis;Tuberculosis diagnosis;tuberculosis treatment;Vaccination;Viremia;Virus Integration

PROJECT_TITLE: Impact of TB coinfection on HIV reservoir

STUDY_SECTION: HCAC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Coinfections and HIV Associated Cancers Study Section[HCAC]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_DEPT: PHARMACOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  This research project proposes to study the intersection of how a post-translational modification, ADP- ribosylation, which is vital for processes related to transcription, chromatin activity, and the cellular stress response, may be altered during HIV-1 reactivation. The project is of great interest to the HIV-1 community as it may reveal novel targets for latency reversing agents in eradicating latent HIV-1 in CD4+ T-cell populations. This project is directly related to NIH’s mission to develop fundamental knowledge in understanding and treating disease.

PI_NAMEs: MOEN, JACK MICHAEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: REFSLAND, ERIC WILLIAM

PROJECT_TERMS: Acetylation;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;adaptive immune response;Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose;ADP ribosylation;Affect;Affinity Chromatography;Age;Agonist;Amino Acids;Anti-Retroviral Agents;Binding;Biochemical;Biology;CCR5 gene;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cell Line;Cells;Cellular Assay;Cellular Stress;Cessation of life;Chemicals;Chromatin;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;combinatorial;Communities;CRISPR/Cas technology;crosslink;CXCR4 gene;Development;Disease;DNA Damage;Excision;experimental study;Genetic Code;Genetic Transcription;Global Change;Goals;Half-Life;Histone Deacetylase;Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor;Histones;HIV-1;human model;Hybrids;Hydrolase;Immune response;Immune signaling;Immune system;immunoregulation;in vivo;Infection;inhibitor;Innate Immune Response;interest;Invaded;Investigation;Knock-out;Knowledge;Label;Left;Link;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Mediating;Mediator;Methods;Mission;Modeling;Modernization;new therapeutic target;Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;Nucleosomes;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phosphorylation;Physiological;Play;Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases;Population;Post-Translational Protein Processing;Prevalence;Process;prophylactic;prostratin;Protein Kinase C;protein protein interaction;Proteins;Proteomics;Proviruses;reactivation from latency;Reagent;receptor;recruit;Research;Research Project Grants;response;Rest;Retrovirology;Role;Scientist;Shock;Shotguns;Signal Transduction;Site;stemness;T-Lymphocyte;Target Populations;tat Protein;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;TNF gene;Trans-Activators;Transcription Coactivator;Transcription Elongation;transcription factor;Transcriptional Regulation;Transferase;United States National Institutes of Health;vector;Viral Pathogenesis;Virus;Vorinostat;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Modulation of ADP-Ribosylation as a Target During HIV-1 Latency and Reactivation

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 F17A-J (20)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Brain Disorders;Cannabinoid Research;Cerebrovascular;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Natural Products;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: SAN DIEGO

ORG_NAME: SAN DIEGO BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

PHR: Molecular effects of cannabinoids on the Blood Brain Barrier in HIV-infected brain  The HIV infection causes significant disease morbidity in the brain, largely associated to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, inflammation, and persistence of HIV-infected CNS target cells such as long-living microglia, in spite of antiretroviral therapies (ART). We found that cannabis use modulate the expression of BBB integrity markers in a context-dependent manner, increasing signs of BBB disruption in non-HIV subjects, but paradoxically improving BBB integrity in PWH. This observation motivated an in-depth examination of how cannabinoids impact BBB integrity, with consequences to inflammatory cell transmigration and protections against HIV-infection in the brain, by modeling the human BBB in vitro and in vivo systematically testing critical determinants, cellular interactions and targets, which can be used to inform mechanisms and new approaches aimed at optimizing BBB integrity in the context of HIV.

PI_NAMEs: MARCONDES, MARIA CECILIA GARIBALDI (contact);MILNER, D. RICHARD

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WU, DA-YU

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Agonist;AM 251;antiretroviral therapy;Astrocytes;Biological Markers;Blood - brain barrier anatomy;Blood Cells;Blood Vessels;blood-brain barrier disruption;blood-brain barrier function;blood-brain barrier permeabilization;Brain;brain cell;brain endothelial cell;cannabinoid receptor;Cannabinoids;Cannabis;Cell Adhesion Molecules;Cell Line;Cells;CNR1 gene;CNR2 gene;Coculture Techniques;Data;Dextrans;Disease;Drug usage;Encephalitis;Endothelial Cells;Endothelium;Environment;experimental study;Goals;GPR55 receptor;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder;Human;Immune;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Infection;Infiltration;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Infiltrate;inflammatory marker;Label;Leukocytes;Macrophage;marijuana use;marijuana user;Measures;Medical;Messenger RNA;Microglia;migration;Modeling;Molecular;monocyte;Morbidity - disease rate;mouse model;Mus;novel strategies;occludin;Pericytes;Permeability;Persons;pharmacologic;Phenotype;preservation;prevent;Property;Proteins;Recreation;response;Serum;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;small molecule;System;Testing;THC concentration;Tight Junctions;Tissues;Validation;Virus Diseases

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 IIDB-V (02)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Depression;Dissemination and Implementation Research;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_DEPT: MISCELLANEOUS

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Scalable behavioral interventions that improve depressive and anxiety disorders and PrEP uptake are urgently needed for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM), who are disproportionately affected by common mental illnesses and HIV globally. The proposed K01 supports the candidate's transition to an independent investigator focusing on adapting and evaluating scalable interventions that integrate mental health and HIV services in community clinic settings for GBMSM in low- and middle-income countries. The knowledge and skills gained from training, in addition to findings from the proposed research, will inform future intervention strategies to reduce the global burden of common mental illnesses and HIV for sexual minority men.

PI_NAMEs: DAVIS, DIRK ALEXANDER (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SENN, THERESA ELAINE

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Address;Adherence;Affect;Affective;antiretroviral therapy;Anxiety;Anxiety Disorders;anxiety symptoms;Award;Awareness;Behavior;Behavior Therapy;Behavioral;Bisexual;Caring;Central America;China;Chronic;Cities;Cognitive;Cognitive Therapy;Collaborations;community clinic;Country;culturally appropriate intervention;Data;Depressive disorder;depressive symptoms;design;Development;Effectiveness;effectiveness evaluation;effectiveness/implementation trial;empowerment;Epidemic;Equation;Evaluation;Event;evidence base;Evidence based intervention;Exposure to;Focus Groups;Future;Gays;Goals;Guatemala;Guatemalan;Health;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-1;Human immunodeficiency virus test;Hybrids;Impaired health;implementation evaluation;implementation facilitators;implementation outcomes;implementation science;implementation strategy;improved;informant;internalized stigma;Intervention;Intervention Studies;Interview;K-Series Research Career Programs;Knowledge;low and middle-income countries;men;men who have sex with men;Mental Depression;Mental disorders;Mental Health;Mentorship;minority engagement;minority stress;minority stressor;Modeling;National Institute of Mental Health;Oral;Pathway interactions;Phase;post intervention;pre-exposure prophylaxis;Prejudice;Prevalence;Production;Provider;Randomized;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Recommendation;Research;Research Personnel;Resource-limited setting;Risk;Role;scale up;Services;Sex Orientation;Sexual Health;sexual minority;sexual minority group;sexual minority men;sexual minority stress;skill acquisition;skills;social stigma;Surveys;Testing;theories;Therapeutic Intervention;tool;Training;Underserved Population;uptake;Violence;Waiting Lists;willingness

PROJECT_TITLE: ESTEEM

STUDY_SECTION: PPAH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Population and Public Health Approaches to HIV/AIDS Study Section[PPAH]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Burden of Illness;Clinical Research;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Cost Effectiveness Research;HIV/AIDS;Health Services;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: BETHESDA

ORG_NAME: HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED

PHR: II. PROJECT NARRATIVE With HIV outcomes improving, the incidence of AIDS declining, and the life expectancy gap between people with and without HIV decreasing, the focus of HIV research and treatment should shift away from AIDS and mortality towards non-AIDS comorbidities and quality of life. This work assesses the cost-effectiveness of HIV care in two large single-payer systems while focusing on non-AIDS comorbidities and quality of life. We develop a machine learning application to aid researchers in measuring quality-adjusted life-years in the absence of quality of life survey data, develop a novel model of HIV progression to aid clinicians in predicting and preventing high risk non-AIDS comorbidities, and inform Department of Defense and Veterans Health Administration policy makers whether it is more cost-effective to retain PWH in the DoD or transfer them to the VA.

PI_NAMEs: AGAN, BRIAN  (contact);TOPAL, SENAY

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SHARP, GERALD B

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Age;Aging;aging process;Area;beneficiary;Cardiovascular Diseases;care costs;care systems;Caring;Characteristics;co-infection;Cohort Studies;Collaborations;comorbidity;cost;Cost Analysis;cost effective;cost effectiveness;Cost Effectiveness Analysis;cost-effectiveness evaluation;Custom;Data;Data Set;Department of Defense;Diagnosis;Economics;effectiveness evaluation;effectiveness measure;Exhibits;experience;extend lifespan;Future;Goals;Health;health record;health related quality of life;Health Services Accessibility;Healthcare Systems;high risk;HIV;Immune;improved;improved outcome;Incidence;indexing;Infectious Diseases Research;interest;Life;Life Expectancy;life span;Machine Learning;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mediating;Methods;Military Personnel;Modeling;Modernization;mortality;National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease;National Institute on Aging;National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism;Natural History;Neural Network Simulation;novel;novel strategies;Patient Preferences;Patient risk;Patient Transfer;Patients;Persons;Policy Maker;Population;Population Characteristics;predictive modeling;preference;prevent;Preventive;Quality of life;Quality-Adjusted Life Years;Questionnaires;Research;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Risk;Scoring Method;secondary analysis;Single-Payer System;Surveys;System;Time;Toxic effect;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration;Virus;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: QALYs, Comorbidities, and Cost-effectiveness of HIV Care in the Department of Defense vs the Veterans Health Administration


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: STONY BROOK

ORG_DEPT: ANESTHESIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK

PHR: NARRATIVE Although medications that inhibit the spread of HIV are effective, many people who take these drugs for a long time experience problems with memory and other brain functions. We have recently developed a new way to study how the activated parts of the animal brain are connected into networks. We now plan to use this approach to investigate which brain regions in mice infected or not infected by HIV1 are affected by the anti-HIV drugs and how these regions are connected. By studying the changes in the brain networks of animals treated with these medications, we hope to gain a better understanding of the cognitive side effects of these drugs. This research could help us find ways to reduce or prevent these side effects in people which take these drugs as prophylaxis or in people living with HIV.

PI_NAMEs: BUKRINSKY, MICHAEL ILYA;ENIKOLOPOV, GRIGORI N (contact);KOULAKOV, ALEXEI

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Affect;Animal Model;Animals;Anti-HIV Agents;Anti-Retroviral Agents;antiretroviral therapy;Behavior;Behavior Therapy;Behavioral;Brain;brain circuitry;Brain Mapping;Brain region;candidate validation;Cells;Clinical;clinically relevant;Cognitive;Cognitive deficits;cognitive function;cognitive process;Complement;Complex;Conflict (Psychology);Data;Data Set;Disease;Drug Side Effects;Elements;emtricitabine;experience;experimental study;Exposure to;FOS gene;Future;Genetic;Goals;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-1;HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder;Impaired cognition;Impairment;in silico;in vivo;in vivo monitoring;Individual;Infection;Investigation;large scale production;Maps;Memory;Microscopic;Molecular;Monitor;mortality;mouse model;Mus;neural circuit;neural network;Neuroanatomy;neuronal patterning;Neurons;new therapeutic target;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;optogenetics;Pathogenesis;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;prevent;Prophylactic treatment;Proxy;Regimen;Research;Risk;side effect;social;temporal measurement;Tenofovir;Testing;Therapeutic;Three-Dimensional Imaging;Time;tool;treatment effect;treatment response

PROJECT_TITLE: The effects of cART and HIV-1 infection on neural circuitry


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Project Narrative: Despite 40 years of active research, the biochemical and biophysical processes that underlie the nuclear import of HIV genomic material remain obfuscated. This project aims to characterize the binding between the HIV capsid protein and the critical cellular factor CPSF6, which licenses the capsid for nuclear import. These studies will provide new understanding of HIV biology and potentially a new interface of the HIV capsid that could be targeted for rational drug development.

PI_NAMEs: FRENIERE, CHRISTIAN JOSEPH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MCDONALD, DAVID JOSEPH

PROJECT_TERMS: Affinity;Amino Acids;antiretroviral therapy;Architecture;Binding;Binding Sites;Biochemical;Biochemical Process;Biological Assay;Biology;Biophysical Process;Biophysics;Capsid;Capsid Proteins;Cell Nucleus;Cells;Cleavage And Polyadenylation Specificity Factor;Collaborations;Complement;Cone;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Cytoplasm;Dana-Farber Cancer Institute;Data;design;Dimensions;DNA;drug development;Ensure;Fullerenes;Genetic Materials;Genetic Transcription;Genome;Genomics;Goals;HIV;HIV-1;Human;In Vitro;in vitro Assay;Infection;inhibitor;insight;Interphase Cell;Length;Libraries;Licensing;Life Cycle Stages;live cell imaging;Mediating;medical schools;Methods;Microtubules;Molecular;nanochannel;Nuclear;Nuclear Import;Nuclear Pore Complex;Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins;overexpression;Parasites;Peptides;Phase;Positioning Attribute;prion-like;Process;Property;Proteins;Protocols documentation;Reagent;reconstitution;Research;Retroviridae;Reverse Transcription;RNA;Role;Structure;success;Techniques;Tertiary Protein Structure;Time;trafficking;Training Programs;Universities;Viral;viral DNA;viral genomics;Virus;Width;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Characterization of full-lengh CPSF6 and its interaction with HIV capsid


ORG_CITY: SAINT LOUIS

ORG_NAME: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MO

PHR: Narrative HIV infection induces lung inflammation and bacterial dysbiosis, which leads to the increased risks of chronic lung diseases in people living with HIV (PLWH). Our knowledge about interplay between HIV-associated immune dysregulation and the lung microbiota is limited. This proposed study will use an advanced humanized mouse model to better understand HIV-driven lung inflammation and microbial changes and promote mechanical studies to develop better procedures for screening, preventing, and treating lung diseases in PLWH.

PI_NAMEs: SHAN, LIANG  (contact);WANG, LEYAO

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;airway inflammation;Animal Model;Antibiotic Therapy;antiretroviral therapy;Asthma;B-Lymphocytes;Bacteria;Biological Assay;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;Cells;Characteristics;Chronic;Chronic Disease;chronic infection;Chronic lung disease;Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease;Code;Collection;commensal bacteria;cytokine;Data;Disease;Disease Progression;Disease susceptibility;dysbiosis;Engraftment;Environmental Exposure;Environmental Risk Factor;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Exhibits;experience;experimental study;Flow Cytometry;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Transcription;global health;Hematopoietic stem cells;Heterogeneity;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-1;Human;humanized mouse;Immune;Immune response;Immune system;Immunity;Individual;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;Knowledge;Link;Longitudinal Studies;Lung;lung development;Lung Diseases;lung microbiome;lung microbiota;Lymphoid Cell;Macrophage;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Mechanics;metagenomic sequencing;microbial;microbiome;microbiome research;Monitor;monocyte;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Mus;Myeloid Cells;Names;Natural Killer Cells;neutrophil;novel;novel strategies;Participant;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;Persons;Play;population based;Predisposition;prevent;Prevention strategy;Prevotella;pulmonary arterial hypertension;Pulmonary Emphysema;Pulmonary Inflammation;Ribosomal RNA;Risk;Role;screening;Screening procedure;Shapes;single-cell RNA sequencing;Streptococcus;Supporting Cell;T-Lymphocyte;Tissues;Transplantation;Veillonella;Viral;Viral reservoir

PROJECT_TITLE: HIV-induced microbial alterations and inflammation in the lung of humanized mice


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Prevention

ORG_CITY: WORCESTER

ORG_DEPT: BIOSTATISTICS & OTHER MATH SCI

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: PUBLIC HEALTH STATEMENT The Bahamas has responded to its formerly high rates of HIV infections with a broad and aggressive HIV/AIDS prevention program including children in the school system. We have worked with them to develop and test the effectiveness of one such HIV prevention program (FOYC+CImPACT) among grade six students. The grade six program was shown to be very effective through a study that followed the students for three years after they had received the training. Therefore, the Ministry of Education (MOE) of The Bahamas decided to mandate the use of FOYC+CImPACT throughout all government grade six classes in The Bahamas. Over the past decade, the research team partnered with the Bahamian Ministries of Education and Health to utilize two national implementation programs to study teachers’ fidelity of implementation and theory-driven implementation strategies to increase teachers’ continued implementation of evidence-based interventions. Our decade-long nationwide implementation research provides a unique opportunity to investigate the trajectories and determinants of sustainability for HIV behavioral interventions. This study will provide valuable information to all countries and communities struggling to prevent their youth from becoming infected with HIV and doing so in a manner the country/community can afford to sustain. This information will also answer questions about maintaining the effectiveness over time of other prevention programs that are incorporated into school curricula.

PI_NAMEs: WANG, BO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: YATES, FRANKLIN WILLEM

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Administrator;AIDS prevention;Attitude;Bahamas;Bahamian;Behavior;Behavior Therapy;Behavioral;Caribbean region;Child;cohort;Collaborations;Communities;community setting;condoms;contextual factors;Country;COVID-19;Education;Educational Curriculum;Educational process of instructing;Educational workshop;effective intervention;Effectiveness;effectiveness testing;elementary school;Elements;Environment;Epidemic;Evaluation;evidence base;Evidence based intervention;experience;Family;Feedback;Follow-Up Studies;Foundations;Funding;Goals;Government;Health;Healthcare;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV/AIDS;Hurricane;implementation fidelity;implementation research;implementation science;implementation strategy;implementation study;implementation trial;improved;Interruption;Intervention;Interview;Investigation;Knowledge;Life;Maintenance;Measurement;Measures;meetings;Mentors;Mentorship;Methods;model generalizability;Modification;Monitor;Outcome;Parents;Perception;Phase;Positioning Attribute;prevent;Prevention program;Process;Program Sustainability;programs;Public Health;Questionnaires;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Research Support;Risk;Risk Reduction;Schools;Self Efficacy;Site;skills;Students;Surveys;sustainability framework;System;teacher;Teacher Professional Development;theories;Time;Training;United States National Institutes of Health;Work;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Exploring sustained implementation and fidelity of an evidence-based HIV prevention program


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Malaria;Orphan Drug;Patient Safety;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Rare Diseases;Vector-Borne Diseases

PHR: Project Narrative HIV and malaria continue to place a tremendous burden in sub-Saharan Africa. The current treatment landscape for both diseases is changing with the near universal transition to dolutegravir for HIV, and the emergence of artemisinin resistance. Through the establishment of four hree longitudinal cohorts in Uganda, we will assess the impacts of dolutegravir on weight gain and metabolic derangements, the magnitude and impact of drug-drug interactions between dolutegravir and leading antimalarial regimens, and finally assess the pharmacologic predictors of resistance selection.

PI_NAMEs: AWEEKA, FRANCESCA T.;PARIKH, SUNIL  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Adolescent;Adult;Adverse event;Africa;Africa South of the Sahara;African;Aftercare;Amodiaquine;Anti-malarials;antiretroviral therapy;artemether;Artemisinins;artesunate;Automobile Driving;benflumetol;Bite;Body Composition;Body mass index;Categories;Cessation of life;Child;Childhood;Clinical;co-infection;cohort;Combined Modality Therapy;comorbidity;Compensation;Control Groups;Country;critical period;Data;design;Development;Disease;Disease Outcome;Disease Resistance;Dose;Drug Exposure;Drug Interactions;Drug Kinetics;Drug resistance;early life exposure;efavirenz;Enrollment;Eritrea;experience;Exposure to;follow-up;Frequencies;Goals;Guidelines;Health;high risk;HIV;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Infection;Infrastructure;Knowledge;Life;life span;Link;Longitudinal cohort;Longitudinal Studies;Lopinavir/Ritonavir;Malaria;malaria infection;malaria transmission;Measures;Metabolic;molecular marker;Monitor;Mutation;Nevirapine;Outcome;pandemic disease;Parasitemia;Parasites;Pediatric cohort;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacodynamics;pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics;pharmacologic;Population;Predisposition;Prospective Studies;Randomized;Recommendation;Recurrence;Regimen;Resistance;Risk;Risk Marker;risk selection;Rwanda;Time;transmission process;treatment guidelines;treatment optimization;Treatment outcome;Treatment Protocols;Uganda;Vertebral column;Viral;Vulnerable Populations;Weight;Weight Gain

PROJECT_TITLE: Optimizing HIV-malaria treatment in a shifting treatment and resistance landscape in Africa


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cardiovascular;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Congenital Heart Disease;Congenital Structural Anomalies;Heart Disease;Pediatric;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: ANN ARBOR

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR

ORG_STATE: MI

PHR: NARRATIVE This proposal leverages strengths across the University of Michigan to support the Congenital Heart Center as a productive collaborator, leader, and innovator in advancing Pediatric Heart Network efforts toward improving care and outcomes of pediatric and congenital cardiovascular disease.

PI_NAMEs: GOLDBERG, CAREN S (contact);PASQUALI, SARA ;SCHUMACHER, KURT ROBERT

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SCHRAMM, CHARLENE A

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;access disparities;Address;Area;biobank;Cardiac;Caring;Childhood;Clinical;Clinical Research;cohort;Collaborations;Collection;Communication;community engagement;Complex;Congenital Cardiovascular Abnormality;congenital heart abnormality;Country;Data;data integration;Data Science;data sharing;data warehouse;Dedications;Development;digital technology;Discipline;Disparity;experience;Fostering;health equity;Healthcare;Heart;Heart Arrest;Heart Research;improved;Individual;Inequity;innovation;Innovative Therapy;Internships;Intervention Studies;Investigation;Knowledge;Lead;Leadership;Liver diseases;Location;Medical;Mental Health;Mentors;Mentorship;Michigan;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute;new technology;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutics;Outcome;outreach;Patients;Population;Positioning Attribute;Productivity;programs;Registries;Research;Research Design;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;research study;Resources;Science;Site;Standardization;Students;success;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;tool;Translating;Translational Research;Translations;treatment and outcome;Universities;virtual;virtual healthcare;virtual technology;Work;working group

PROJECT_TITLE: Pediatric Heart Network University of Michigan

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHL1 CSR-Q (O2)]


PHR: Project Narrative WHO estimates that there are currently 32 million humans living with HIV/AIDS. There is a great need for developing therapeutic approaches that acieve functional cure (long term control of HIV in the absence of combination antiretroviral therapy). The goal of this grant is to identify a functional cure for HIV by targeting PD-1 inhibitory pathway using anti-PD-1 antibody combined with ART and vaccination.

PI_NAMEs: AMARA, RAMA RAO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ZHOU, YAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Adenoviruses;Animals;anti-PD1 antibodies;Antigens;antiretroviral therapy;Binding;Blood;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;CD8B1 gene;Cell Physiology;Chronic;Combined Modality Therapy;Combined Vaccines;cytokine therapy;Data;Detection;Disease remission;DNA/MVA vaccine;effective therapy;Effector Cell;Epitopes;exhaust;exhaustion;Flow Cytometry;Frequencies;Goals;Grant;Granzyme;Haplotypes;Heterogeneity;HIV;HIV/AIDS;Human;Immunity;Immunotherapy;improved;Infection;Interleukin-2;Interruption;Investments;Laboratories;lymph nodes;Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus;Macaca;Macaca mulatta;MHC Class I Genes;Modeling;Monitor;Mus;Pan Genus;Pathway interactions;PD-1 blockade;PD-1 pathway;perforin;programmed cell death protein 1;programs;Safety;single-cell RNA sequencing;SIV;Sorting;Structure of germinal center of lymph node;success;synergism;T cell response;T-Lymphocyte;T-Lymphocyte Subsets;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic vaccine;therapy outcome;transcriptome sequencing;Treatment Efficacy;unvaccinated;Vaccinated;Vaccination;Vaccine Therapy;Vaccines;Viral;viral rebound;Viral reservoir;Viremia;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting PD-1 Pathway for Functional Cure of AIDS


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOL OF MEDICINE & DENTISTRY

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Microbiome;Prevention;Sexually Transmitted Infections;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: ROCHESTER

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The female reproductive tract (FRT) microbiome consists of the bacterial microbiome, which can protect against pre-term birth, bacterial vaginosis and sexually transmitted infections including HIV, and the viral microbiome, which includes bacteriophages who, as natural predators of bacteria, may serve to regulate bacterial populations. Our prior work showed the FRT bacteriophages form communities which corresponded with FRT diseases; however, the mechanisms behind bacteriophage contribution to regulating FRT bacterial populations is largely undetermined. Using a unique longitudinal cohort comprised of US women living with HIV and AIDS compared to healthy controls, we will investigate the FRT bacteriophage communities over time, the impact of AIDS and antiretroviral therapy on FRT bacteriophages and bacteria, and identify bacteriophage species and genes that predict shifts to pathogenic FRT bacterial microbiomes, which may lead to novel preventative strategies and phage-based therapeutics for FRT diseases, thereby improving women’s reproductive health.

PI_NAMEs: MONACO, CYNTHIA L. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Age;antiretroviral therapy;Bacteria;bacterial community;Bacterial Vaginosis;bacteriome;Bacteriophages;Bioinformatics;bioinformatics pipeline;Biological Markers;Biometry;career;career development;cervicovaginal;cohort;Cohort Studies;Communities;comparison group;Computational Biology;Control Groups;Custom;Data;Development Plans;Diagnosis;Disease;dysbiosis;Etiology;experience;female reproductive tract;Funding;Genes;Goals;Health;HIV;HIV/AIDS;Human;Immune;Immune response;improved;Inflammation;Inflammatory;insight;Knowledge;Laboratories;Lactobacillus;Lavage;Learning;Life Style;life time cost;Location;Longitudinal cohort;Lytic;member;Membrane;metagenomic sequencing;Metagenomics;Microbe;microbial;microbiome;mucosal site;Mucous Membrane;next generation sequencing;novel;novel marker;novel strategies;Outcome;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Patients;Physicians;Play;Population;predictive marker;Premature Birth;Prevalence;prevent;Prevention;Prevention strategy;Public Health;Regulation;Research;Risk;Role;Sampling;Scientist;Sexually Transmitted Diseases;skill acquisition;South African;Taxonomy;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;Translational Research;Viral;virome;Virus;Woman;Women's Health;Women's Interagency HIV Study;women's reproductive health;Work;yeast infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Influence of the Cervicovaginal Phageome on Health and Disease in Women Living with HIV.


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Primary Health Care;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: CHAPEL HILL

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL

PHR: NARRATIVE Criminal justice-involved women, who are predominantly African American, are among the highest risk women in the U.S. to acquire HIV with few having access to effective HIV prevention medications called HIV pre- exposure prophylaxis or PrEP. Formerly incarcerated community health workers can link criminal justice involved women to community medical care by addressing re-entry barriers to care such as housing, unemployment, and lack of transportation. This study aims to improve the feasibility of an innovative criminal justice woman focused PrEP care linkage program utilizing the formerly incarcerated community health workforce.

PI_NAMEs: WHITE, BECKY L (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Address;Adherence;African American;African American Women;AIDS prevention;arm;Attention;attentional control;Awareness;barrier to care;Behavior Therapy;Biometry;Blood;Cardiovascular system;Caring;Case Manager;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.);Chronic Disease;Clinic;Clinical;Collaborations;Communities;community clinic;Community Health;Community Health Aides;community reentry;Continuity of Patient Care;Country;Criminal Justice;Data;Development;Domestic Violence;Drug usage;Dryness;Education;Effectiveness;efficacy testing;efficacy trial;Eligibility Determination;Enrollment;evidence base;Exercise;experience;Face;Feasibility Studies;Feedback;Future;Goals;health disparity;Health Personnel;Health Services;Healthcare;high risk;High Risk Woman;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV risk;HIV/AIDS;Housing;housing instability;Imprisonment;improved;Incidence;Individual;Infrastructure;innovation;Intervention;intervention program;intervention refinement;Interview;Link;Logistics;marginalized population;Measures;Medical;Medical Staff;meetings;Modeling;Neighborhood Health Center;network models;North Carolina;novel;nutrition;Outcome Assessment;peer;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacy facility;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;prevent;Prevention;Prevention program;Prevention strategy;primary care clinic;primary care visit;primary outcome;Prisons;Procedures;programs;Prostitution;Public Health;Randomized;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Recording of previous events;Reduce health disparities;Reporting;Research;Research Priority;role model;secondary outcome;Services;sex;social;social health determinants;Social support;Social Work;Spottings;Surveys;Target Populations;Testing;Training;transactional sex;transmission process;Transportation;treatment arm;Treatment Efficacy;Unemployment;United States National Institutes of Health;Unsafe Sex;uptake;Vulnerable Populations;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: A Pilot Feasibility HIV prevention Study Linking  Incarcerated Women to Post-Release Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) Services


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

ORG_CITY: WEST LAFAYETTE

ORG_NAME: PURDUE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: IN

PHR: NARRATIVE This program will develop innovative synthetic methods and strategies for accessing fluorinated substructures commonly found in marketed drugs, therapeutic candidates, and biological probes. Further, the program will computationally and experimentally validate physicochemical and biophysical perturbations imparted by fluorinated substructures with the goal of delivering next-generation fluorinated therapeutic candidates with improved drug-like properties.

PI_NAMEs: ALTMAN, RYAN A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: YANG, JIONG

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Alcohols;Alkenes;analog;Area;Biological;Biophysics;catalyst;design;Development;Drug Kinetics;drug market;Drug Stability;Electrochemistry;functional group;Goals;Grant;Health;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;innovation;Ligands;Medicine;metabolic profile;Metabolism;Methodology;Methods;Modernization;Natural Products;next generation;novel therapeutics;Parents;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacodynamics;Phase;physical property;programs;Property;Proteins;Reaction;Reagent;Research;System;Therapeutic;therapeutic candidate;Transition Elements;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Grant Supplement to Support Diversity in Health-Related Research

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1(55)-R]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biotechnology;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Nanotechnology;Prevention;Sexually Transmitted Infections;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_CITY: LINCOLN

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN

ORG_STATE: NE

PHR: Narrative The proposed project is poised to develop an effective preventive HIV vaccine against rectal HIV transmission using novel MEPCS immunogens, a cold-chain friendly and long-term stable mRNA LNP vaccine technologies, and rhesus macaque model. The outcomes derived from this study has the great potential to impact HIV prevention significantly.

PI_NAMEs: LI, QINGSHENG  (contact);LUO, MA

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WARREN, JON T

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;AIDS prevention;Anal Sex;Antigen Presentation;Antigens;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;Cells;clinical application;Cold Chains;cold temperature;comparative;cost effective;Developed Countries;Effectiveness;effectiveness evaluation;efficacy clinical trial;Epitopes;Evaluation;Exposure to;Female;female sex worker;Formulation;Friends;HIV;HIV Protease;HIV resistance;HIV vaccine;HIV-1;HIV/SIV vaccine;Immune;Immune response;Immunity;immunogenic;immunogenicity;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Inflammation;innovation;Kenya;Learning;lipid nanoparticle;Macaca;Macaca fascicularis;Macaca mulatta;manufacture;Messenger RNA;Methods;Modeling;mRNA lipid nano particle vaccine;mRNA Stability;Mucositis;Mus;Mutation;nanoformulation;Natural Immunity;novel;novel vaccines;Outcome;pandemic disease;Pathogenicity;Peptide Hydrolases;Peptides;Preparation;prevent;Preventive;Protein Precursors;Recombinants;rectal HIV transmission;rectal transmission;Rectum;Research;Route;sex;Site;SIV;SIV protease;Subgroup;System;T cell response;T-Cell Activation;Technology;transmission process;United States;Unsafe Sex;Vaccinated;vaccine candidate;vaccine delivery;vaccine effectiveness;vaccine evaluation;vaccine strategy;Vaccines;vector;Vero Cells;Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus;Virus;Western Blotting;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: MEPCS (Multi-epitope protease cleavage sites) vaccine for protecting against SIV rectal transmission

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 IIDB-X (02)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Cancer;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;HIV/AIDS;Hematology;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Lymphatic Research;Lymphoma;Orphan Drug;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: SEATTLE

ORG_NAME: FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER CENTER

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a cancer-associated pathogen that often drives tumor formation in persons living with HIV-1/AIDS. Herein we seek to decipher critical sites of vulnerability on the virally encoded gH/gL glycoprotein complex and leverage this information to develop vaccines that prevent EBV infection and/or tumor development. This work could lead to the development of a vaccine that eliminates the burden of EBV- driven lymphomas that prevail where HIV-1 is endemic.

PI_NAMEs: MCGUIRE, ANDREW  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MALONE, WINFRED F

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;AIDS-Related Lymphoma;Animal Model;Antibodies;Antibody Response;Antibody titer measurement;Antibody-mediated protection;Antigens;B-Lymphocytes;Binding;cancer risk;cancer therapy;cell type;Cellular Tropism;Central Nervous System Lymphoma;Cessation of life;Clinical;Complement Receptor;Complex;Data;design;Development;Epithelial Cells;Epitope Mapping;Epitopes;Epstein-Barr Virus Infections;Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Lymphoma;Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Malignant Neoplasm;General Population;Glycoproteins;Goals;HIV;HIV-1;Hodgkin Disease;Human;Human Herpesvirus 4;human monoclonal antibodies;humanized mouse;Immune;Immune response;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;Immunity;Immunization;immunogenic;improved;Incidence;Individual;Infant;Infection;Infection prevention;Infectious Mononucleosis;Infiltration;large cell Diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphoma;Large-Cell Immunoblastic Lymphoma;Link;Lymphocryptovirus;Macaca;Macaca mulatta;Malignant Neoplasms;Maps;Masks;Maternal antibody;Mediating;Membrane;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Modeling;Monoclonal Antibodies;Mus;Nasopharynx;neutralizing antibody;neutralizing monoclonal antibodies;Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma;nonhuman primate;novel vaccines;Oncogenic Viruses;Oncornaviruses;Oral;Orthologous Gene;pathogen;Patients;Persons;phase II trial;Predisposition;prevent;Prevent viral transmission;Prevention;Preventive vaccine;primary effusion lymphoma;Property;prophylactic;Proteins;rational design;Relative Risks;Resolution;Resource-limited setting;response;Rhesus;Risk;Saliva;Serum;Site;Structure;Subunit Vaccines;Testing;transmission process;tumor;vaccine candidate;Vaccine Design;vaccine development;vaccine efficacy;Vaccines;Viral;Viral Load result;Viral Proteins;viral transmission;Viral Vaccines;Virus;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Rational Vaccine Design to prevent HIV-Associated Lymphoma


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Brain Disorders;Cannabidiol Research;Cannabinoid Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Genetics;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Methamphetamine;Natural Products;Neurosciences;Stimulant Use and Misuse;Substance Misuse;Therapeutic Cannabinoid Research

ORG_CITY: OMAHA

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: Project Narrative: HIV and methamphetamine (METH) abuse constitute a health syndemic in the U.S. and contribute to a significant economic burden. HIV and METH abuse increase neuroinflammation, whereas cannabidiol (CBD) attenuates it. This proposal focuses on identifying genes involved in neuroinflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation during HIV infection and METH abuse and if CBD treatment can downregulate them.

PI_NAMEs: CHAND, SUBHASH  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BORGMANN, KATHLEEN RUTH

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;addiction;Address;Alcohols;antiretroviral therapy;Applications Grants;Area;Attention;Attenuated;Award;Brain;brain tissue;Cannabidiol;Cannabis;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Separation;Cells;Chronic;Clinical;comorbidity;cytokine;Data;Disease Progression;Economic Burden;effective intervention;Exhibits;experimental group;extracellular vesicles;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Profiling;Genes;Goals;Health;HIV;HIV Infections;Human;humanized mouse;Immune system;In Vitro;Incidence;Inflammasome;Inflammation;Inflammatory;intercellular communication;Intervention;Methamphetamine;methamphetamine abuse;Microglia;MicroRNAs;Modeling;monocyte;mouse model;Mus;National Institute of Drug Abuse;neurocognitive disorder;neuroinflammation;Neuropathogenesis;NFKB Signaling Pathway;novel;Opioid;Pathogenesis;Persons;pre-clinical;preclinical study;Prevalence;Production;Proteins;Publications;Quality of life;Regimen;Research;Research Personnel;Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction;Risk;RNA;Role;Science;Stains;Substance abuse problem;syndemic;Testing;treatment strategy;Western Blotting

PROJECT_TITLE: Impact of cannabidiol on HIV infection and methamphetamine abuse associated neuroinflammation


ADMINISTERING_IC: AA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

PHR: Project Narrative: This project aims to investigate how alcohol potentiates HIV-associated neuroinflammation involving the inflammatory mediator, the inflammasome NLRP6, that is primarily expressed in the brain astrocytes, in the context of both HIV and the comorbidity of alcohol use. The mechanism(s) underlying this interaction remains poorly understood. Findings from this project could set the stage for the future development of targeted adjuvant therapeutics aimed at mitigating neuroinflammation in people living with HIV with alcohol use disorder.

PI_NAMEs: SINGH, SEEMA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: AKBAR, MOHAMMED

PROJECT_TERMS: Adjuvant;Adult;alcohol comorbidity;Alcohol consumption;alcohol exposure;alcohol misuse;alcohol use disorder;Alcohols;antiretroviral therapy;Area;Astrocytes;ATF6 gene;behavior test;Biological Assay;Brain;Brain Diseases;CASP1 gene;Cell Death;Cell Line;Cells;Central Nervous System;Chronic Disease;comorbidity;Complex;Cytoprotection;cytotoxic;Data;Death Rate;Development;Diet;Doxycycline;endoplasm;Endoplasmic Reticulum;endoplasmic reticulum stress;Epidemic;Ethanol;Exposure to;Female;field study;frontal lobe;Future;genetic manipulation;Genetic Transcription;glial activation;Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein;health management;Hippocampus;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV tat Protein;HIV-1;HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder;Host Defense;Human;IL18 gene;immunocytochemistry;Immunohistochemistry;Impaired cognition;improved;In Situ Hybridization;in vivo;Individual;Infection;Inflammasome;Inflammation;Inflammation Mediators;Inflammatory;inflammatory milieu;inhibitor;Interleukin-1 beta;Investigation;Knock-out;Knowledge;male;Mediating;Mediator;member;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;neuroAIDS;Neuroglia;neuroinflammation;Neurologic;neuropathology;novel;Nucleotides;object recognition;Oxidative Stress;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Play;prevent;Process;protein expression;Protein Family;Proteins;receptor;Reporting;Research;RNA;Role;sensor;Severities;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Stress;symptomatology;tat Genes;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Therapeutic Intervention;therapeutic target;Trans-Activators;Transcription Coactivator;Transgenic Organisms;Viral Load result;Viral Proteins;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: HIV Tat and alcohol-mediated activation of astrocytes involves ER stress/NLRP6 inflammasome axis


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Digestive Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Sexually Transmitted Infections;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: SAN ANTONIO

ORG_NAME: TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

PHR: Narrative A vaccine that will be effective in preventing HIV infection and also control virus replication once the virus has taken hold, will require a dual barrier. The first one at the mucosal portal of entry for the virus to prevent or at least minimize the ability of the virus to create a beachhead and two at the systemic level where generalized immune responses are able to control virus that has succeeded in overcoming the first barrier. Our vaccine strategy targets renewable colorectal epidermal stem cells as a permanent source of antigen production which proliferate and elaborate the vaccine antigen along the phases of the reproductive cycle, providing repeated bouts of vaccine antigen presentation as the cells mature and cycle, leading to induction and maturation of humoral and cellular immune responses.

PI_NAMEs: GAUDUIN, MARIE-CLAIRE ELISABETH (contact);VILLINGER, FRANCOIS J

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BOGGIANO, CESAR AUGUSTO

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Animals;Anti-viral Response;Antibodies;Antigen Presentation;Antigens;Attenuated;Attenuated Vaccines;Biopsy;Cells;chronic infection;clinical efficacy;Clinical Trials;Colorectal;Cross-Priming;Curiosities;Cytomegalovirus;Data;Development;Dose;draining lymph node;efficacy study;epidermal stem cell;Epithelial Cells;epithelial stem cell;Epithelium;Female;female reproductive tract;follow-up;Genome;Histologic;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV vaccine;HIV/SIV vaccine;Human;immune clearance;Immune response;Immune system;Immune Targeting;Immunization;Immunologic Stimulation;ImmunoPET;improved;in vivo;Infection;Infection Control;infection risk;involucrin;keratinocyte differentiation;Lead;Lentivirus;Liquid substance;lymphoid organ;Macaca;Macaca mulatta;Maintenance;male;Measures;Modeling;Modification;Monkeys;mucosal HIV infection;mucosal site;Mucous Membrane;mutant;novel vaccines;offspring;pathogen;Pathogenicity;Penetration;Phase;Positron-Emission Tomography;preclinical trial;preservation;prevent;Production;Proliferating;promoter;Proteins;Rectum;Recurrence;reproductive;response;Risk;Route;Safety;Site;SIV;SIV Vaccines;Solid;Source;stem cells;Stimulus;Stratum Basale;Surface;T cell response;Testing;Time;time use;Tissues;Transfection;Translating;Translations;transmission process;Vaccinated;Vaccination;vaccination strategy;Vaccine Antigen;vaccine delivery;vaccine platform;vaccine strategy;Vaccinee;Vaccines;Vagina;Vaginal delivery procedure;vector vaccine;Viral;Viral Antigens;viral transmission;Viral Vector;Virus;Virus Replication;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Intrarectal Immunization for a Barrier to Mucosal HIV Infection


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Biomedical Imaging;Brain Disorders;Data Science;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Methamphetamine;Neurosciences;Prevention;Stimulant Use and Misuse;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: LA JOLLA

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHIATRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE HIV infection and methamphetamine use are known to impact brain structure and function and that this may have implications for brain health and aging. This K01 application will use data science methods to calculate estimated brain age from structural and functional neuroimaging data in people stratified by HIV infection and methamphetamine use histories in association with inflammatory biomarkers. This project will have clinical relevance by determining whether HIV infection and methamphetamine use impact brain aging, and whether this is associated with inflammation, thereby having a profound impact on both current treatment applications and future brain health.

PI_NAMEs: LOBO, JUDITH DIANE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PARIYADATH, VANI

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Adherence;Adult;Affect;Age;age acceleration;age related changes;age related decline;Aging;aging brain;Alcohol consumption;Alzheimer's disease risk;antiretroviral therapy;Biological;Biological Aging;Biological Markers;blood-based biomarker;Brain;brain health;C-reactive protein;cardiovascular risk factor;CCL2 gene;Central Nervous System;cerebral atrophy;Cerebrospinal Fluid;Chronology;clinical application;clinically relevant;Cognition;Cognitive;cognitive function;cohort;comorbidity;connectome;Cross-Sectional Studies;Data;Data Science;Data Set;Disease Progression;experience;Future;gray matter;Health;HIV;HIV diagnosis;HIV Infections;Human;human data;human old age (65+);Image;Impaired cognition;Impairment;indexing;Individual;Induced Neurons;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Intervention;Light;Longitudinal Studies;Machine Learning;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measures;Methamphetamine;methamphetamine effect;methamphetamine use;Methamphetamine use disorder;methamphetamine user;Methodology;Methods;Modeling;morphometry;MRI Scans;multimodal data;multimodal neuroimaging;neural;neurobiological mechanism;neurofilament;neuroimaging;neuromechanism;Neuronal Injury;older adult;Oxidative Stress;Participant;Peripheral;Persons;Plasma;Population;Preparation;Recording of previous events;Research;Rest;Risk;Scanning;skills;Speed;stroke risk;structural imaging;Structure;substance use;Testing;Thick;Time;Training;vascular injury;white matter

PROJECT_TITLE: Brain Age of People with HIV and History of Methamphetamine Use


ADMINISTERING_IC: DK

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES

ORG_NAME: SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE

PHR: Narrative Metabolic and cardiovascular complications of HIV and antiretroviral therapy are leading causes of premature aging associated with long-term HIV disease. This proposal will use advanced strategies for high-throughput screening and subsequent chemical optimization to identify and characterize novel highly selective chemical probes to a validated therapeutic target that has so far proven challenging, despite strong rationale. Altogether, this proposal aims to address the significant unmet clinical need for new and more effective therapies to ameliorate HIV- and ART-associated metabolic complications.

PI_NAMEs: SANNA, PIETRO P (contact);SPICER, TIMOTHY PATRICK

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: NGUYEN, KHOA DINH DANG

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;aging related;Agonist;agouti protein;analog;antagonist;Anti-Retroviral Agents;antiretroviral therapy;Area;attractin protein;Award;Binding;Biological Assay;Biological Availability;Body fat;Brain;California;Cardiovascular Diseases;Cardiovascular system;Cells;Central Nervous System;Chemicals;Chronic;Clinical;clinically relevant;Complement;Computing Methodologies;counterscreen;Cyclic AMP;cytotoxicity;Data;Diabetes Mellitus;diagnostic tool;Disease;Docking;drug discovery;Drug Kinetics;drug metabolism;drug-like compound;Dyslipidemias;effective therapy;efficacy testing;Energy Metabolism;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer;Goals;Health;Heparitin Sulfate;high throughput screening;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV/AIDS;improved;in silico;In Vitro;in vivo;in vivo evaluation;Indirect Calorimetry;Inflammation;inhibitor;innovation;Investigation;Jupiter;Knockout Mice;Laboratories;Lead;Leptin;Leptin resistance;Libraries;Ligands;luminescence;Measures;melanocortin receptor;Metabolic;Metabolic Diseases;Metabolic syndrome;Metabolism;meter;Methods;Mission;molecular modeling;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Mus;National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases;NMR Spectroscopy;novel;novel diagnostics;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;Obesity;Oral;Outcome;Overweight;oxidation;Penetrance;Peptides;Peripheral;Persons;Pharmaceutical Chemistry;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pilot Projects;Plasma;Polysaccharides;potency testing;Premature aging syndrome;Prevalence;Property;Quality of life;receptor;Receptor Activation;Research;Research Priority;response;Rodent Model;scaffold;scale up;screening;Series;Skin;small molecule;small molecule inhibitor;Source;Strategic Planning;System;Technology;Testing;therapeutic target;Time;Translating;Triage;United States National Institutes of Health;Validation;virtual;virtual screening;Western World

PROJECT_TITLE: An Innovative Approach to Identify Correctors of Metabolic Complications in HIV


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Dissemination and Implementation Research;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Infectious Diseases;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_DEPT: EMERGENCY MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed research is relevant to public health because it can potentially address gaps in current prevention of maternal-to-child transmission programs in sub-Saharan Africa, where nearly 140,000 infants are perinatally infected with HIV each year. We hypothesize that the innovative strategy of training traditional healers to deliver HIV counseling and rapid HIV testing in their communities can increase testing among children who have not received the World Health Organization recommended HIV testing. We propose formative qualitative work to guide adaptation of an evidence-based HIV testing intervention that will meet the unique needs of children and their caregivers (Aim 1), and then to pilot test this intervention at five traditional healer practices among 200 children aged between 18 months to 5 years old (Aim 2).

PI_NAMEs: HOOFT, ANNEKA M (contact);NANSERA, DENIS ;SUNDARARAJAN, RADHIKA LU

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: STENSON, ANAIS FERN

PROJECT_TERMS: 5 year old;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Adult;Africa South of the Sahara;African;Age;aged;antenatal;antigen test;Awareness;Biological;Birth;Breast Feeding;care seeking;Caregivers;Caring;Cessation of life;Child;Child Care;Child health care;Childhood;Client;Clinic;Clinical;Cluster randomized trial;Communities;Continuity of Patient Care;cost;Counseling;Data;Detection;Education;Effectiveness;effectiveness evaluation;Eligibility Determination;Enrollment;evidence base;Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment;follow-up;Funding;Future;global health;Health;Health care facility;Healthcare;HIV;Human immunodeficiency virus test;implementation framework;improved;Individual;Infant;Infection;informal care;innovation;Intervention;Interview;Left;Location;member;Methods;Modification;Mother-to-child HIV transmission;multidisciplinary;novel strategies;Oral;oral HIV;Outcome;Parents;Participant;pediatric human immunodeficiency virus;pediatrician;Perinatal;Perinatal Infection;perinatal period;pilot test;Population;postnatal;Poverty;Pregnancy;Preparation;prevent;Prevention;primary outcome;Program Acceptability;programs;Public Health;Publishing;Recommendation;Research;Resource-limited setting;routine care;Rural;Rural Community;Sampling;scale up;secondary outcome;self testing;Site;social;Swab;Testing;traditional care;Training;transmission process;trustworthiness;Uganda;uptake;Vertical Disease Transmission;Vertical Transmission;Vulnerable Populations;Work;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: Improving HIV testing among Children under five in Rural Uganda


PHR: Project narrative This proposal develops the next generation of an anti-PD-1 chimeric antigen receptor T cell approach which cleared germinal centers of signs of T follicular helper cells and associated viral replication in the non-human primate model of lentiviral infection, albeit increasing extrafollicular viral replication due to depletion of PD-1+ CD8+ memory T cells. While exciting, additional safety features need to be implemented in this approach to make it clinically useful and it is arguably easier to engineer greater safety than to develop other approaches. By integrating more sophisticated genetic circuits and programmable control mechanisms into the current anti- PD-1 CAR platform, targeted depletion of TFH cells is improved, thereby providing foundational knowledge to enable further studies towards the role of TFH cell depletion for an HIV cure in the nonhuman primate model.

PI_NAMEs: EICHHOLZ, KARSTEN  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Adoptive Transfer;Advisory Committees;Animals;anti-PD-1;Anti-Retroviral Agents;Anti-viral Agents;antiretroviral therapy;antiviral drug development;Autoimmune Diseases;B-Lymphocytes;Binding;BLR1 gene;career;career development;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;CD8B1 gene;Cell Surface Proteins;Cell Therapy;Cells;cellular engineering;Cessation of life;chimeric antigen receptor;chimeric antigen receptor T cells;chronic infection;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Communicable Diseases;comorbidity;curative treatments;design;Development;Disease Progression;engineered T cells;Engineering;Epidemic;Epidemiology;experience;experimental study;gene therapy;Generations;Genetic;genetic architecture;Genetic Engineering;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Grant;Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte;Hematologic Neoplasms;HIV;HIV Infections;Human;immune checkpoint;Immune response;Immune system;immunodeficiency;immunoengineering;improved;In Vitro;Individual;Infection;Infrastructure;Infusion procedures;Institution;International;Knowledge;Laboratories;Lead;Leadership;Left;lymph nodes;Lymphoid Tissue;Macaca mulatta;Malignant Neoplasms;Measurable;Mediation;Memory;Mentors;Modality;Modeling;MS4A1 gene;next generation;nonhuman primate;novel;Peptide Hydrolases;Persons;pre-clinical;professor;programmed cell death protein 1;programs;Protease Domain;Proteins;Proviruses;receptor;receptor expression;Reporting;Research;research and development;research facility;Residual state;Resource Development;Risk;Role;Safety;Scientist;Site;SIV;small molecule inhibitor;Specificity;Structure of germinal center of lymph node;Study models;symposium;T cell therapy;T memory cell;T-Cell Proliferation;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Intervention;Time;Training;tumor;Viral;Viral Load result;Viral reservoir;viral RNA;Virus;Virus Diseases;Virus Replication;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Development of anti-PD-1-targeted chimeric antigen receptors and genetic circuits to deplete viral reservoirs in the nonhuman primate model of lentiviral infection


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Depression;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS

ORG_CITY: LOS ANGELES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES

PHR: Project Narrative People living with HIV (PLWH) are three-four times more likely to be depressed in their lifetime than HIV- people, yet there are few studies of the neuropathology of depression in PLWH. This proposal explores neural and inflammatory mechanisms of depression in PLWH by using task- based and resting state fMRI to measure the activation and functional connectivity of brain networks related to Negative Valence and emotion regulation. Neuroimaging measures are related to regulatory and peripheral measures of inflammation to identify individual differences associated with the underlying neuropathological mechanism of depression in PLWH compared to HIV- people.

PI_NAMEs: BROOKS, JOHN O (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RAO, VASUDEV RAMACHANDRA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Address;Affect;Amygdaloid structure;Anterior;Biological Markers;biotypes;Brain;brain abnormalities;Catabolism;Chronic;connectome;Cross-Sectional Studies;cytokine;Data;Depressed mood;depression model;depressive symptoms;emotion regulation;Emotions;Enrollment;experience;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Future;General Population;Genetic Transcription;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder;Human;indexing;Individual;Individual Differences;Inflammation;Inflammatory;inflammatory marker;Inflammatory Response;Knowledge;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measures;Mediator;medication compliance;Mental Depression;Modeling;mortality;Negative Valence;network dysfunction;neural;neural circuit;neuroimaging;neuromechanism;neuropathology;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Peripheral;Persons;Phenotype;Population;potential biomarker;Prevalence;Protocols documentation;Psychoneuroimmunology;Quality of life;Research;Research Domain Criteria;Rest;Role;Specificity;Subgroup;System;Testing;Tryptophan;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Identifying Unique Neural and Inflammatory Mechanisms of Depression in People Living with HIV


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: KAMPALA

ORG_COUNTRY: UGANDA

ORG_FIPS: UG

ORG_NAME: MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES

PHR: Project Narrative Increasing the coverage of HIV testing and access to HIV prevention such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men at high risk for HIV remains crucial for improving men’s health outcomes and reducing HIV risk among their female partners. This study seeks to develop and pilot test integration of secondary distribution of HIV self-tests by female sex workers (FSW) to their male clients as an entry point to generate demand for PrEP, followed by an FSW-led intervention to address ongoing structural, interpersonal, and individual-level barriers to promote PrEP initiation, adherence, and persistence among male clients of FSW.

PI_NAMEs: BUREGYEYA, ESTHER  (contact);KIENE, SUSAN MARIA

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Address;Adherence;Adopted;Affect;Africa South of the Sahara;African;AIDS prevention;Anti-Retroviral Agents;arm;Behavior Therapy;Caring;Cessation of life;Client;Clinic;Clinical Trials;Collaborations;Communities;community based service;comparison control;Counseling;Country;COVID-19 pandemic;Diagnostic Reagent Kits;Disclosure;efficacy outcomes;efficacy testing;Eligibility Determination;Enrollment;Epidemic;Equation;evidence base;Evidence based intervention;Failure;Feedback;Female;female sex worker;flexibility;follow-up;Fright;Geographic Locations;Goals;Guidelines;Health behavior;Health care facility;health care service utilization;Health Personnel;high risk;high risk men;high risk population;HIV;HIV diagnosis;HIV Infections;HIV risk;Human immunodeficiency virus test;improved;Incidence;Individual;infection risk;Injectable;Intervention;intervention refinement;Link;Literature;male;male health;Modeling;Oral;Outcome;Outcome Assessment;pandemic disease;Participant;Perception;pilot test;pilot trial;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;preference;Preparation;Procedures;Process;Qualitative Research;Randomized;Research;Research Design;Resources;Safe Sex;Safety;Schedule;secondary outcome;self testing;Service delivery model;Services;sex;Sexual Partners;sexual risk behavior;social;social stigma;Southern Africa;Spouses;Testing;testing uptake;therapy development;Time;tool;Training;transmission process;Treatment Efficacy;Uganda;Underserved Population;uptake;voucher;Vulnerable Populations;Woman;Women's prevalence;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: Secondary distribution of HIV self-testing by FSW, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) starter packs and brief counseling to promote PrEP initiation and persistence among high-risk men in Uganda

STUDY_SECTION: HIBI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV/AIDS Intra- and Inter-personal Determinants and Behavioral Interventions Study Section[HIBI]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CE

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CENTER FOR INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This project will define polydrug overdose mortality rates for four key target populations of patients either engaged in health care, privately or publicly insured, or recently released from prison; will define clinical predictors of polydrug overdose mortality risk; will identify prescription opioid pain management trajectories associated with polydrug overdose in longitudinal cohorts of pain patients; and identify pathways to polydrug use and overdose.

PI_NAMEs: PENCE, BRIAN W;RANAPURWALA, SHABBAR I (contact)

PROJECT_TITLE: RFA-CE-22-011: Risk and Protective factors of Polydrug Overdose in North Carolina


ADMINISTERING_IC: OH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

ORG_CITY: Columbus

ORG_NAME: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: OH

PHR: Project Narrative Despite the recurrent exposure of wildland firefighters to elevated levels of wildland fire smoke, knowledge about the respiratory effect of such exposure and respiratory protection to reduce the exposure are lacking. Therefore, the proposed study will investigate: 1) the long-term respiratory effects of recurrent occupational exposure to wildland fire smoke, and 2) assess the effectiveness of the situational use of an air purifying respirator (APR) during peak wildland fire smoke concentration at reducing exposure. These objectives will be determined respectively by investigating: 1) changes in subclinical markers of respiratory disease development across the wildland fire season, and 2) reduction in the cross-shift increases in biomarkers of exposure and wildland fire smoke associated effects in the respiratory airways and blood corresponding to the situational use of the APR during work at prescribed burns.

PI_NAMEs: ADETONA, OLORUNFEMI  (contact);NAEHER, LUKE P

PROJECT_TITLE: Chronic Respiratory Effect and Control of Occupational Exposure of Wildland Firefighters to Smoke

STUDY_SECTION: SOH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Safety and Occupational Health Study Section[SOH]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: Washington

ORG_NAME: POPULATION REFERENCE BUREAU

ORG_STATE: DC

PHR: Project Narrative By training predoctoral students to translate research findings into policy-relevant messages, this project will expand access to scientific information on demographic processes, social and behavioral aspects of reproductive health, and population health. Increased access to such information contributes to the development of better social and health programs that ensure that every person is born healthy and wanted, that women suffer no harmful effects from reproductive processes, and that all children have the chance to achieve their full potential for healthy and productive lives.

PI_NAMEs: KANEDA, TOSHIKO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JEKIELEK, SUSAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Academy;Accreditation;Address;Advocacy;Advocate;Behavioral;Businesses;career;Career Choice;Child;Communication;Development;Discipline;doctoral student;Education and Outreach;Educational process of instructing;Educational workshop;Eligibility Determination;eligible participant;Engineering;Ensure;Environment;evidence base;Exercise;experience;Face;Future;Goals;Government;Graduate Education;graduate student;Health;higher education;Institution;Instruction;interest;Journals;Language;Medicine;member;Mission;National Institute of Child Health and Human Development;Outcome;Output;outreach;outreach program;Participant;Persons;Policies;policy implication;Policy Maker;Population;Population Dynamics;population health;Population Research;pre-doctoral;Privatization;Process;Productivity;programs;Reporting;Reproductive Health;Reproductive Process;Research;Research Personnel;Research Support;Schools;Science;Scientist;skills;social;Social Development;social media;Social Policies;Socialization;Source;Students;time use;tool;Training;Training Programs;Translating;United States;United States National Academy of Sciences;Universities;virtual;Washington;Woman;Work;working group;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Training in Translating Scientific Research Findings for Non-Scientific Audiences

STUDY_SECTION: CHHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Population Sciences Study Section[CHHD-W]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: ITHACA

ORG_DEPT: CHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: CORNELL UNIVERSITY

PHR: This program will investigate the means by which metalloenzymes and transition metal complexes interact with reactive, or, “fixed” nitrogen species. Key research directions include understanding how organisms use fixed nitrogen species as part of their primary cellular energy transduction metabolisms. Reactive nitrogen species such as nitric oxide play vital roles in human health, in particular in controlling vasodilation––understanding how these species are generated and interconverted may help develop new therapeutic strategies for cardiac- related pathologies and for combatting infections.

PI_NAMEs: LANCASTER, KYLE M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ASLAN, KADIR

PROJECT_TERMS: Acids;Address;Ammonia;Archaea;Bacteria;Biochemistry;Bioinorganic Chemistry;Biology;Cardiac;Cell Respiration;Chemicals;Collaborations;Complex;Copper;Dioxygen;DNA-dependent protein kinase;Drug Metabolic Detoxication;electronic structure;Enzymatic Biochemistry;Enzymes;Goals;Health;Heme;Human;human pathogen;Hydroxylamine;Infection;Kinetics;Knowledge;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Metabolic;Metabolism;metal complex;metalloenzyme;Metals;Modeling;Molybdoferredoxin;Nitrates;Nitric Oxide;Nitrogen;Nitrogenase;Nitrous Oxide;novel therapeutic intervention;Organism;Oxidants;oxidation;Oxidation-Reduction;Pathology;Play;programs;Proliferating;Proteins;Proteomics;Protons;Reaction;Reactive Nitrogen Species;Research;Roentgen Rays;Role;Signal Transduction;Site;Spectrum Analysis;System;Transition Elements;Vasodilation;Work;X-Ray Crystallography

PROJECT_TITLE: Bioinorganic Chemistry of Nitrogen


FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INSTITUTIONAL

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cardiovascular;Heart Disease

ORG_NAME: CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: The Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles is renewing its Institutional Training Grant to support its Advanced Heart Disease Research Training Program. The objective of the program is to provide outstanding team-mentored training in basic biomedical, translational, and health services research to both PhDs and MD-scientists in order to provide them with the necessary skills to develop independent and productive academic careers in cardiovascular science. These future leaders of medicine will be well-equipped to develop new, more effective treatments for diseases of the heart and blood vessels such as heart attack, heart failure, high blood pressure, and sudden death.

PI_NAMEs: GOLDHABER, JOSHUA I;MARBAN, EDUARDO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: NEILSON, KAREN MARY

PROJECT_TERMS: Heart Diseases;Research;Training

PROJECT_TITLE: Training in Advanced Heart Disease Research

STUDY_SECTION: NITM

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: NHLBI Institutional Training Mechanism Study Section[NITM(OA)]