ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOL OF MEDICINE & DENTISTRY

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Anxiety Disorders;Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Biomedical Imaging;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

ORG_CITY: ROCHESTER

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSCIENCES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER

PHR: PTSD can occur after a direct or indirect traumatic experience and is a highly prevalent and debilitating disorder. This research project adds uses two virtual reality paradigms specifically design to study threat and reward context discrimination within a single environment. In the long term, this research will shed light on deficits of specific brain areas and neural circuits during threat and reward learning and discrimination within an environment in PTSD, which will advance the development of effective diagnostics and treatments for PTSD.

PI_NAMEs: SUAREZ-JIMENEZ, BENJAMIN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TUMA, FARRIS KEITH

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Advanced Development;Affect;Amygdaloid structure;Anterior;approach behavior;Area;Arousal;Attention;Behavioral;Biological Markers;Brain;brain behavior;Brain region;cingulate cortex;Clinical Data;Cognitive;Complex;Coupled;Cues;Dangerousness;Data;design;Development;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Discrimination;Discrimination Learning;Disease;Dorsal;Environment;Exhibits;experience;Failure;Flowers;Fright;Functional disorder;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Galvanic Skin Response;Goals;Hippocampus;Hyperactivity;Impairment;Insula of Reil;learned behavior;Learning;learning network;Location;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Maintenance;maladaptive behavior;Maps;Measures;Mediating;mental representation;Modeling;Moon;multimodality;neural;neural circuit;neural correlate;neuromechanism;novel;Nucleus Accumbens;Participant;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Peripheral;Positioning Attribute;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Prediction of Response to Therapy;Prefrontal Cortex;Process;Psyche structure;Psychopathology;Psychophysiology;Research;Research Project Grants;Research Proposals;response;Rest;reward processing;Rewards;Role;Safety;Severities;Shock;Signal Transduction;Stimulus;Surface;Symptoms;therapy development;Time;tool;trauma exposure;virtual reality;visual tracking

PROJECT_TITLE: Using novel virtual reality tasks to identify neural mechanisms of discrimination learning in PTSD

STUDY_SECTION: APDA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Adult Psychopathology and Disorders of Aging Study Section[APDA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: NR

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF NURSING

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING RESEARCH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Nutrition;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: MINNEAPOLIS

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

ORG_STATE: MN

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Full-service mobile food markets “grocery stores on wheels” provide affordable, healthy food access in low- income communities and aim to impact the quality of peoples’ diets, food insecurity and food purchases. This trial will evaluate the impact of a full-service mobile market on these outcomes while exploring factors that influence mobile market shopping adoption. Study findings will inform mobile market sustainability, policy, and legislative decisions.

PI_NAMEs: HORNING, MELISSA L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GODETTE, DIONNE

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adoption;Adult;Behavioral;Cause of Death;Characteristics;Chronic Disease;Cluster randomized trial;Communities;community based participatory research;cost;Data;Data Collection;Diet;Diet and Nutrition;dietary;Disease Outcome;Disparity;Eating;Effectiveness;Enrollment;Environmental Risk Factor;Equity;ethnic minority;Evaluation;experience;follow-up;Food;Food Access;food environment;food insecurity;food marketing;food security;fruits and vegetables;Funding;Goals;Health;Health Food;Healthy Eating;Hypertension;Improve Access;improved;improved outcome;incentive program;indexing;innovation;Intake;Intervention;intervention participants;Interview;Life;Low income;Marketing;Measurement;Measures;member;Methods;Modeling;Neighborhoods;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Nutritional Study;Outcome;Outcome Measure;Participant;Pattern;Persons;Policies;Prevalence;Price;primary outcome;racial minority population;Randomized;randomized trial;Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance;recruit;Reduce health disparities;Research;Self Efficacy;Services;Site;social;Social support;Statutes and Laws;Strategic Planning;sugar;Supermarket;Surveys;sweetened beverage;Testing;Trust;Twin Cities;underserved community;Underserved Population;United States National Institutes of Health;Visit;Waiting Lists;Weight;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Evaluating Diet, Food Insecurity, and Food Purchasing Outcomes of a Full-Service Mobile Food Market with a Cluster Randomized Trial

STUDY_SECTION: HPC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Health Promotion in Communities Study Section[HPC]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DK

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biomedical Imaging;Clinical Research;Patient Safety;Urologic Diseases

ORG_NAME: MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER

PHR: Relevance: The goal of this project is to develop and validate a method for the evaluation of bladder function. More specifically, we are proposing a new ultrasound-based method for detecting bladder detrusor muscle overactivity. This technique can also be used to monitor the bladder before and after a surgical procedure that is performed on men to treat enlarged prostate. Successful completion of this research will lead to a new diagnostic and monitoring tool for bladder patients.

PI_NAMEs: ALIZAD, AZRA ;FATEMI, MOSTAFA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: REYNOLDS, WILLIAM STUART

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;adverse outcome;Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy;Bladder;Bladder Dysfunction;Catheterization;Catheters;Clinic;Clinical;clinical practice;Clinical Research;Computer software;cost;detection method;detrusor muscle;Development;Diagnosis;efficacy evaluation;Elasticity;Environment;Evaluation;experience;follow-up;Frequencies;Functional disorder;Goals;Hematuria;Human;in vivo;Intubation;lower urinary tract symptoms;male;Measurement;Measures;mechanical properties;men;Methods;micturition urgency;Monitor;Morphologic artifacts;Nature;Neurologic;new technology;Nocturia;novel;novel diagnostics;Operative Surgical Procedures;Overactive Bladder;Patient Care;Patient Monitoring;patient population;Patients;Performance;Phase;Physiological;Population;portability;pressure;Prevalence;prognostication;prostate enlargement;Quality of life;quantitative ultrasound;Recommendation;Rectum;Reporting;Research;Resources;response;Risk;Selection for Treatments;Symptoms;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;therapy outcome;Time;tool;Translating;Translational Research;Trauma;Treatment Failure;treatment planning;treatment response;ultrasound;urinary;Urinary Retention;Urinary tract;Urodynamics;urologic;Urology;Vagina;Woman

PROJECT_TITLE: Noninvasive assessment of detrusor pressure and dysfunction

STUDY_SECTION: IGIS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Imaging Guided Interventions and Surgery Study Section[IGIS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD)

ORG_CITY: CAMBRIDGE

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The conformation and composition of massive molecular machines change as they are assembled and as they perform their essential cellular functions. Work proposed here will produce broadly impactful computational tools to determine the structures of these dynamic machines in motion. Such structures are critical in furthering our understanding of how these molecules function in healthy cells and how they fail in times of disease, and in guiding the development of therapeutics treating a wide array of human illnesses.

PI_NAMEs: DAVIS, JOSEPH HARRY (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FLICKER, PAULA F

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Adopted;Algorithm Design;Algorithms;Autophagosome;Benchmarking;Biochemical;Cell Physiology;Cells;Communities;Community Developments;comparative efficacy;Complex;Computer software;computerized tools;Consensus;Coupled;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Custom;Data;data integration;Data Set;deep learning;deep neural network;density;design;Disease;Electrons;Elements;Funding;Generations;Heterogeneity;Human;Image;image processing;Individual;innovation;interest;Life;Machine Learning;Macromolecular Complexes;Maps;method development;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;molecular dynamics;Molecular Machines;Molecular Structure;Monitor;Motion;Network-based;neural network;novel;particle;Process;programs;Publishing;Reaction;reconstruction;Research;Resolution;Ribosomes;Sampling;structural biology;Structure;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;three dimensional structure;Time;tool;United States National Institutes of Health;user-friendly;Validation;Visualization;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Tools to determine and analyze the structures of molecular machines in motion

STUDY_SECTION: MSFC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Macromolecular Structure and Function C Study Section[MSFC]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Clinical Research;Coronaviruses;Coronaviruses Vaccines;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: SAINT LOUIS

ORG_DEPT: EMERGENCY MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MO

PHR: NARRATIVE Human T follicular helper cells function by providing essential support to B cells in draining lymph nodes allowing those B cells to produce highly effective neutralizing antibodies following vaccination or infection. The dynamics of human antigen-specific T follicular helper cell development, maturation and function are not well-understood. The work we propose will fill this knowledge gap and lead to a deeper understanding of the impact of human T follicular helper cell maturation on function in the setting of a very efficacious human lipid nanoparticle mRNA vaccine platform.

PI_NAMEs: MUDD, PHILIP A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CASTLEMAN, MORIAH JOVITA

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;Activities of Daily Living;Address;Adoptive Transfer;Affinity;Animal Model;Antibodies;Antibody Affinity;antigen challenge;Antigens;Autologous;Axillary lymph node group;B-Cell Development;B-Lymphocytes;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Blood;booster vaccine;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cell Maturation;Cell Physiology;Cell Separation;Clinical;cohort;Collaborations;Communicable Diseases;COVID-19;COVID-19 pandemic;COVID-19 vaccine;cytokine;Data;Data Set;deltoid muscle;Development;draining lymph node;Epitopes;Event;Exhibits;Fine needle aspiration biopsy;Flow Cytometry;gene function;Genetic Transcription;Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte;high dimensionality;Human;human model;Human Volunteers;Immune response;Immunoglobulin Class Switching;Immunologist;in vivo;Infection;Influenza vaccination;Intramuscular;Knowledge;Lead;lymph nodes;Maintenance;Measures;Memory;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Methods;Modeling;mouse model;mRNA lipid nano particle vaccine;Mus;neutralizing antibody;novel;Participant;Phenotype;plasma cell development;Plasma Cells;Play;Population;Process;Production;Productivity;Proteins;Reaction;recruit;response;RNA vaccination;RNA vaccine;Role;Sampling;SARS-CoV-2 spike protein;seasonal influenza;secondary lymphoid organ;Series;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;Sorting;Specificity;Structure of germinal center of lymph node;Supporting Cell;Surface;System;T cell receptor repertoire sequencing;T-Cell Receptor;T-Lymphocyte Subsets;Techniques;Testing;Time;time interval;Tissues;Tonsillectomy;ultrasound;Utah;Vaccination;vaccine distribution;vaccine platform;Variant;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Unraveling Human T Follicular Helper Cell Development

STUDY_SECTION: CMIA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - A Study Section[CMIA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: EB

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Cardiovascular;Clinical Research;Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods;Congenital Heart Disease;Congenital Structural Anomalies;Heart Disease;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL

PHR: Project Narrative: The proposed research aims to develop innovative technologies to image brains of unborn babies in utero, and to apply those techniques to study development of brain structure and connections before birth. The technology developed, and the knowledge gained in this study, is expected to guide early treatments and therapeutic interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in babies with congenital disorders.

PI_NAMEs: GHOLIPOUR-BABOLI, ALI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BARRY, ROBERT LEO II

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Address;Adolescent;Adult;Adverse event;Affect;Air;Algorithms;Anisotropy;Birth;Brain;brain abnormalities;Brain imaging;cell motility;Cell Physiology;Cell Proliferation;Child;Circulation;Cognitive deficits;cohort;Compensation;Complex;Congenital Disorders;congenital heart abnormality;connectome;convolutional neural network;critical congenital heart disease;Data;Detection;Development;Diffusion;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Early treatment;effective therapy;Estimation Techniques;Fascicle;fetal;Fetal Development;Fetal Movement;Fetal Structures;Fetus;Fiber;Goals;Growth;Head;Head Movements;Human;Hybrids;Hypoxia;Image;Image Enhancement;image reconstruction;Imaging technology;improved;in utero;in vivo;in vivo evaluation;in vivo imaging;innovative technologies;Intestines;Knowledge;Lead;Learning;Length;Life;Location;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Magnetism;Maps;Measurement;Mental disorders;migration;Modeling;Morphologic artifacts;Motion;multitask;myelination;Navigation System;Nervous System Disorder;Neurological outcome;Neurology;Neurons;neuroprotection;Neurosciences;Newborn Infant;Noise;Outcome;parallel computer;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pattern;Performance;Phase;Play;Positioning Attribute;Predisposition;Pregnancy;prenatal;prospective;Radial;reconstruction;Research;Retrospective cohort;Role;Sampling;Scanning;School-Age Population;Signal Transduction;Site;Slice;statistics;Structure;success;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;Time;Tissues;tool;Training;Uterus

PROJECT_TITLE: Enhanced Imaging of the Fetal Brain Microstructure

STUDY_SECTION: ITD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Imaging Technology Development Study Section[ITD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Hematology;Regenerative Medicine;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: Project Narrative Blood cells are produced in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which maintain themselves through self-renewal, a process that must be tightly regulated in order to prevent a variety of bone marrow disorders. This application proposes to study a gene named PHF6, which regulates HSC self-renewal, and whose mutation can cause life-threatening bone marrow abnormalities. Understanding how PHF6 maintains self-renewal will help us understand how the balance of normal HSCs is maintained in health, and how an imbalance in this process can cause disease.

PI_NAMEs: PARALKAR, VIKRAM R. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: AGRAWAL, NITIN

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Binding;Binding Proteins;Biotinylation;Blood Cells;Bone Marrow;Bone Marrow Diseases;Cell Line;ChIP-seq;Chromatin;clinically relevant;Complex;Data;Disease;Dissection;Enhancers;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic regulation;Equilibrium;Event;experimental study;Flow Cytometry;Gene Expression;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Health;Hematopoiesis;Hematopoietic;hematopoietic stem cell expansion;hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal;Hematopoietic stem cells;Histology;histone modification;HOXA9 gene;In Vitro;in vitro activity;in vivo;Informal Social Control;insight;Knock-out;leukemia;Life;Link;Modeling;Mus;mutant;Mutate;Mutation;Myelogenous;Myeloid Progenitor Cells;Names;Nature;neoplastic;novel;Phenotype;Point Mutation;Polymerase;prevent;Process;Proliferating;Proteins;recruit;Recurrence;Regulation;Repression;RNA;Role;RUNX1 gene;self-renewal;stem cell biology;stem cell expansion;System;Testing;time use;tool;transcription factor;transcriptome sequencing

PROJECT_TITLE: The Role of PHF6 in HSC self-renewal and myeloid expansion

STUDY_SECTION: MCH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular and Cellular Hematology Study Section[MCH]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics

ORG_DEPT: ANATOMY/CELL BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL

PHR: Project Narrative Heterochromatin is a conserved feature of eukaryotic chromosomes with roles in the regulation of gene expression and maintenance of genome stability, and contributes to normal development and disease progression in humans. A basic understanding of the mechanisms that mediate the assembly and epigenetic inheritance of heterochromatin will not only provide a frame work for understanding how the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms can fail, but also provides the substrate and knowledge to design therapeutic strategies based on intervention.

PI_NAMEs: MOAZED, DANESH  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHOW, CHI-WING

PROJECT_TERMS: Alleles;Animals;Binding Sites;Biochemical;Biogenesis;Biological Assay;Cells;Chromatin;Chromatin Modeling;Chromosomal Stability;Chromosomes;Complex;Cullin Proteins;daughter strand;demethylation;design;Development;Disease Progression;DNA biosynthesis;DNA replication fork;DNA-Binding Proteins;Ensure;Epigenetic Process;Event;Feedback;Fission Yeast;Gene Expression Regulation;Gene Silencing;Genes;genetic approach;Genetic Screening;Genome Stability;Goals;Heterochromatin;Histone H3;Histones;Homeostasis;Human;In Vitro;in vivo;Inherited;insight;Intervention;Knowledge;Laboratories;Lysine;Maintenance;Mammals;Mediating;Methylation;Methyltransferase;model organism;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;mutant;Mutation;Organism;Pathway interactions;Play;Process;protein complex;Proteins;recruit;Regulation;Ribosomal RNA;Ribosomes;RNA;RNA Decay;RNA Degradation;RNA Interference;RNA Processing;Role;Site;System;Testing;Therapeutic;transcription factor;transcription termination;ubiquitin ligase;Ubiquitination;Untranslated RNA;Work;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Epigenetic inheritance of heterochromatin

STUDY_SECTION: MGB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular Genetics B Study Section[MGB]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Mental Health;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: AUSTIN

ORG_DEPT: NEUROLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE We currently lack robust medical therapies for the cognitive and social / emotional symptoms caused by developmental brain disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases. To develop therapies, we must first understand the biology of the brain circuits that influence symptoms. In the proposed work, we will determine how specific populations of neurons in the thalamus process information, and how modulating the activity of those neurons influences cognitive, social, and affective behaviors.

PI_NAMEs: BRUMBACK, AUDREY CHRISTINE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RANGEL GOMEZ, MAURICIO

PROJECT_TERMS: Action Potentials;Acute;Affect;Affective;Amygdaloid structure;Anatomy;Anterior;Anxiety;anxiety-like behavior;Architecture;avoidance behavior;Behavior;Behavior Control;behavior influence;Biological Assay;Biology;Biophysics;Brain;Brain Diseases;Brain region;Cations;cell cortex;Cerebellum;Cognitive;cognitive control;Cognitive Therapy;Color;Complex;Coupled;Cyclic Nucleotides;Data;Development;Disease;Electrophysiology (science);Emotional;emotional functioning;emotional symptom;executive function;expectation;experimental study;Foundations;Future;Goals;Grant;Heart;in vivo;Individual;individuals with autism spectrum disorder;Injections;innovation;Insula of Reil;Knowledge;Lateral;Lesion;Maps;Measures;Medial;Medical;Membrane;Membrane Potentials;Memory;Modeling;Morphology;Mus;neural;neural circuit;neurobiological mechanism;Neurobiology;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;Neuronal Dysfunction;Neurons;neuropsychiatric disorder;neuropsychiatry;neuroregulation;optogenetics;Output;patch clamp;Pathway interactions;Pharmacology;Physiological;Physiology;Population;Prefrontal Cortex;Process;Property;Research;Resistance;response;Role;Schizophrenia;Short-Term Memory;Slice;social;social anxiety;Social Behavior;Social Controls;Social Functioning;Source;Structure;superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina;symptom treatment;Symptoms;Synapses;targeted treatment;Testing;Thalamic Nuclei;Thalamic structure;therapy development;Time;transmission process;Wild Type Mouse;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Functional architecture of the mediodorsal thalamus

STUDY_SECTION: DBD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Developmental Brain Disorders Study Section[DBD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Orthopoxviruses;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_NAME: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Poxviruses include past and present Category A Priority Pathogens and pandemic threats, while others are widely used as vaccine vectors and oncolytic therapies. Poxviruses are also highly unusual DNA viruses in that they are so self-sufficient that they replicate in the cytoplasm, yet they remain dependent on host ribosomes to synthesize viral proteins and replicate. This renewal application proposes to continue our ongoing research program aimed at understanding how poxviruses take control of host ribosomes in unusual ways, which is also providing unexpected insights into fundamental aspects of ribosome evolution.

PI_NAMEs: SHEN, PETER ;WALSH, DEREK  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ALARCON, RODOLFO M

PROJECT_TERMS: Adenosine;Amino Acids;Award;Binding;Biochemical;Biogenesis;Biology;Categories;Category A pathogen;Cell Physiology;Cells;Cellular biology;Charge;Code;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Cytoplasm;Cytosol;DNA biosynthesis;DNA Viruses;Double Stranded DNA Virus;Eukaryotic Initiation Factors;Event;Evolution;Face;Family member;future pandemic;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Guanosine Triphosphate;Human;In Vitro;inorganic phosphate;insight;Laboratories;Left;Mediating;Medical;Messenger RNA;Methylation;mimetics;Modeling;mRNA capping;mRNA Translation;Oncolytic;Oranges;pandemic potential;Phosphorylation;Phosphotransferases;Phylogenetic Analysis;Plants;Polyadenylation;Post-Translational Protein Processing;Poxviridae;priority pathogen;programs;Protein Biosynthesis;protein function;Protein Subunits;Proteins;prototype;Reading;receptors for activated C kinase;reconstitution;Recording of previous events;Research;Ribosomes;RPS3 gene;Serine;Signaling Molecule;Site;Smallpox;Smallpox Vaccine;Structure;Surface;synergism;System;Tail;Testing;Therapeutic;Threonine;tool;Translations;Vaccination;Vaccinia virus;Variola major virus;vector vaccine;Viral;Viral Proteins;Virus;Virus Replication;Zoonoses

PROJECT_TITLE: Poxvirus manipulation of the host cell protein synthesis machinery


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: LA JOLLA

ORG_NAME: SANFORD BURNHAM PREBYS MEDICAL DISCOVERY INSTITUTE

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: NARRATIVE This study will combine experimental evolution with comparative genomics to establish universal and unique mechanisms driving acquisition of resistance in four difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacterial pathogens to four major clinical antibiotics. The developed methodology and obtained results will support rational optimization of therapeutic regimens and development of new drugs with minimized resistibility.

PI_NAMEs: OSTERMAN, ANDREI L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ERNST, NANCY L

PROJECT_TERMS: Acinetobacter baumannii;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotic Therapy;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;Antimicrobial Resistance;Automobile Driving;Bioinformatics;Bioreactors;Ciprofloxacin;Clinical;Clinical Data;Colistin;Collection;Communities;comparative;comparative genomics;Comparative Study;Data;deep sequencing;Development;Devices;Diagnostic;driver mutation;drug candidate;Drug Combinations;Drug resistance;Enhancement Technology;Escherichia coli;Evolution;fitness;Foundations;Frequencies;genetic variant;genome sequencing;genome-wide;Genomics;Genotype;Gram-Negative Bacteria;Grant;Individual;Klebsiella pneumoniae;Knowledge;Laboratory Study;Maps;Meropenem;Methodology;Methods;Modeling;Modern Medicine;Multi-Drug Resistance;mutant;Mutation;novel;novel therapeutics;pathogen;pathogenic bacteria;pathogenic Escherichia coli;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Population;predictive modeling;Predisposition;Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Publishing;Regimen;Reporting;Research;Resistance;resistome;Sampling;Series;Standardization;success;Testing;Therapeutic;therapy development;tigecycline;Time;translational impact;treatment optimization;Treatment Protocols;Validation;Variant;web site

PROJECT_TITLE: Comparative resistomics of Gram-negative bacterial pathogens

STUDY_SECTION: DDR

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Drug Discovery and Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance Study Section[DDR]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Rare Diseases;Valley Fever

ORG_CITY: ATLANTA

ORG_NAME: GENETAG TECHNOLOGY, INC.

ORG_STATE: GA

PHR: Development of a dual-iDDS probe multiplex test for detecting endemic fungal agents Confidential PI: Shafer, David A., PhD PROJECT NARRATIVE Over 500,000 such cases of Valley fever, histoplasmosis, or blastomycosis are thought to occur in the US annually, although only one FDA-approved molecular test exists for diagnosing Valley fever, and no FDA- approved molecular tests exist for diagnosing histoplasmosis or blastomycosis. Therefore, our long-term objective is to design and market a simple, lyophilized molecular test to assist in diagnosing these fungal agents, using our proprietary internal DNA-Detection Switch probe technology. Our Specific Aims are (1) to develop a 3- tube dual-iDDS probe assay for C. immitis, C. posadasii, H. capsulatum, and B. dermatitidis, and (2) to evaluate key performance characteristics of the multiplex test for endemic fungal agents in lyophilized format. Success in this endeavor should provide a clear public health benefit.

PI_NAMEs: SHAFER, DAVID A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RITCHIE, ALEC

PROJECT_TERMS: accurate diagnosis;Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome;Adult;Amphotericin B;Anatomy;Aspergillus;Biological Assay;Blastomyces;Blastomyces dermatitidis;Blastomycosis;Candida;Certification;Cessation of life;Characteristics;Child;Chronic;CLIA certified;Clinical;Clinical Pathology;Coccidioides;Coccidioides immitis;Coccidioides posadasii;Coccidioidomycosis;color detection;commercialization;Communicable Diseases;cost;cross reactivity;Cryptococcus;Death Rate;desert fever;design;Detection;detection limit;Development;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;diagnostic assay;Diagnostic tests;Differential Diagnosis;Disease;DNA;Doctor of Philosophy;Drug resistance;effective therapy;Ensure;experience;FDA approved;flu;Fluconazole;Fluorescence;Freeze Drying;Future;Health Benefit;Healthcare;Histoplasma;Histoplasma capsulatum;Histoplasmosis;Hospitals;Immunocompetent;Immunocompromised Host;Individual;Infection;instrument;Intervention;Itraconazole;Label;Laboratories;Life;Liquid substance;locked nucleic acid;Lung Diseases;Lymphoma;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Malignant Neoplasms;Manufacturer;Marketing;Medical;Meningeal;Methods;Molecular;Molecular Diagnostic Testing;Monitor;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;multiplex diagnostics;Mycoses;pathogen;Pathway interactions;patient subsets;Patients;Performance;Pericarditis;Phase;Physicians;Pneumonia;prevent;Public Health;Pulmonary Coin Lesion;Rationalization;Reflex action;Reporting;Research Contracts;Resistance;resistance mutation;respiratory;Routine Diagnostic Tests;Sampling;Sarcoidosis;Serology;Site;Specialist;Specificity;Specimen;success;Symptoms;System;Technology;Test Result;Testing;Thoracic Radiography;Time;Tube;Validation

STUDY_SECTION: NANO

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Nanotechnology Study Section[NANO]


ADMINISTERING_IC: VA

IC_NAME: Veterans Affairs

ORG_NAME: PHILADELPHIA VA MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: Encouraging safer storage of firearms among Veterans at risk for suicide is a top VA priority. While VA behavioral health providers routinely ask Veterans to store their firearms more safely during lethal means safety counseling (LMSC), only about half of individuals follow through on these recommendations. The proposed research capitalizes on VA’s experience delivering incentive-based interventions to develop an add- on intervention offering Veterans financial and/or social incentives to limit their access to firearms following LMSC. We will engage Veterans and VA clinicians and administrators throughout this process, and the add-on intervention will be pilot tested to assess its acceptability and feasibility. Included Veterans will be drawn from both urban and rural settings, and we will oversample Veterans who identify as women and racial/ethnic minorities. This proposal sets the stage for an IIR application to conduct a multi-site Hybrid Effectiveness- Implementation Type 1 Randomized Clinical Trial testing this add-on intervention.

PI_NAMEs: KHAZANOV, GABRIELA KATTAN (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Abstinence;acceptability and feasibility;Administrator;Adult;Age;Behavior;behavior change;behavioral health;brief intervention;care seeking;Caring;Characteristics;Chronic;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Consensus;Consult;coping;Counseling;Data;Devices;Diabetes Mellitus;Effectiveness;effectiveness evaluation;effectiveness/implementation hybrid;ethnic minority;experience;Family member;Feeling suicidal;Female;financial incentive;firearm access;firearm storage;Firearms;Friends;Funding;Future;Gender;Gifts;Goals;Gun injury;Health;Health Personnel;Health Resources;Homogeneously Staining Region;improved;incentive-based intervention;Incentives;Individual;Infrastructure;innovation;interest;Intervention;Interview;male;Medical center;Mental Health;Methodology;Methods;novel strategies;Outcome Measure;Outpatients;Participant;Patients;Perception;Philadelphia;Pilot Projects;pilot test;pilot trial;preference;Process;programs;Protocols documentation;Provider;Race;racial minority;randomized, clinical trials;Recommendation;recruit;Research;Research Personnel;Rural Health;rural setting;Safety;Sampling;Self Management;Services;Shapes;Site;social;sociodemographics;Substance Use Disorder;substance use treatment;suicidal;suicidal risk;Suicide;Suicide prevention;Surveys;Testing;Trust;urban setting;Veterans;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Incentivizing Lethal Means Safety Among Veterans at Risk for Suicide

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HSR-4  Mental and Behavioral Health[HSR4]


ORG_CITY: ANN ARBOR

ORG_NAME: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION

ORG_STATE: MI

PHR: Critical illness has a profound and lasting impact on patients and their families. The effects of critical illness may impair the physical, cognitive, and psychological recovery of Veterans who survive their ICU stay, as well as the family members who care for them. A growing evidence base demonstrates that family-centered ICU care—evidence-based practices that prioritize family members’ presence in the ICU, incorporate families as care partners, and elicit and respond to families’ values and needs—improves outcomes for patients, families, and clinicians. However, family-centered ICU care is not routinely delivered across U.S. hospitals, signifying that family-centered ICU care may be difficult to operationalize. There is an urgent need to eliminate barriers that prevent family-centered ICU care from being delivered consistently to critically ill Veterans and their families across VA.

PI_NAMEs: VALLEY, THOMAS SEBASTIAN (contact);VRANAS, KELLY C.

PROJECT_TERMS: acute care;Administrator;Anxiety;Bereavement;Caring;Chaplain;Characteristics;Cicatrix;Cognitive;Communication;COVID-19;Critical Care;Critical Illness;demographics;Education;effectiveness/implementation trial;Ensure;Environment;Equity;Ethnic Origin;evidence base;Evidence based practice;experience;Family;Family member;Future;future implementation;Geographic Locations;Government;Health care facility;Health Services Research;Healthcare;Hospitalization;Hospitals;Human Resources;implementation barriers;implementation science;implementation strategy;implementation trial;improved outcome;innovation;Institution;Intensive Care Units;Interview;Lead;Medicine;Mental Depression;Mental disorders;Methodology;Methods;Minority Groups;Modeling;Nurses;organizational structure;Participant;Patient-Focused Outcomes;Patients;Persons;physical impairment;Positioning Attribute;post-traumatic symptoms;preference;Preparation;Prevalence;prevent;Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework;psychologic;Race;Recommendation;Recovery;Research;Research Priority;Resources;Risk;Rural;Rural Minority;rurality;Sampling;Site Visit;Social Workers;Societies;standard of care;Strategic Planning;Structure;Subgroup;Surveys;Survivors;Testing;Therapeutic;Veterans;whole health;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Harnessing Active Relationships within VA ICUs to Engage Surrogates and Care Teams (HARVEST)

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HSR-5 Health Care System Organization and Delivery and Women's Health[HSR5]


ORG_CITY: WASHINGTON

ORG_NAME: U.S. DEPT/VETS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: DC

PHR: Narrative Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death in patients under 45, particularly prevalent in military service members and Veterans. Complementary and Integrative Health (CIH) approaches (e.g., Yoga and acupuncture) have been used to treat TBI symptoms, though little is known about the long-term outcomes associated with these treatments. We will analyze existing electronic health record data and conduct focus groups and interviews to provide the much-needed evidence to support the use CIH approaches in Veterans with TBI.

PI_NAMEs: AHMED, ALI ;ZENG, QING  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acupuncture Therapy;Administrator;Admission activity;Biofeedback;Biological;burden of illness;care costs;care outcomes;Caring;Case Study;Cause of Death;Cessation of life;Characteristics;Chronic;Clinical;clinical data warehouse;clinical practice;Code;Collaborations;Complement;Complementary Health;Complex;Data;deep learning;design;Diagnostic;disability;District of Columbia;effectiveness evaluation;Electronic Health Record;empowerment;Family;Focus Groups;follow-up;Freedom;Functional impairment;Funding;Future;Goals;Guided imagery;Guidelines;Health system;Healthcare;Hospitalization;Hour;Hypnosis;improved;indexing;Individual;Injury;innovation;insight;Integrative Medicine;Intervention;Interview;Leadership;Learning;Length;machine learning prediction;Mainstreaming;Massage;Medical;Meditation;Methods;mild traumatic brain injury;military service;Modality;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Natural Language Processing;Nature;Nervous System Trauma;Nonpharmacologic Therapy;novel;operation;Outcome;patient oriented;Patient-Centered Care;Patients;Personal Satisfaction;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Physical Medicine;Physical Rehabilitation;physically handicapped;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Preventive;Primary Care;psychologic;Publications;Qi Gong;Recommendation;Research Priority;Review Literature;Risk;Role;Sample Size;Sampling;Self Care;service member;stakeholder perspectives;Statistical Methods;symptom management;symptom treatment;Symptoms;systematic review;Tai Ji;TBI Patients;Testing;tool;Traumatic Brain Injury;treatment pattern;Veterans;Visit;whole health;Work;Yoga

PROJECT_TITLE: Complementary and Integrative Health Approaches to Improve TBI Outcomes in Veterans

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HSR-2 Behavioral, Social, and Cultural Determinants of Health and Care[HSR2]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHERS

PHR: Veterans, like other patient populations, often receive low-value health care services whose costs or harms exceed their benefits. Our work will address two key knowledge gaps on this topic. First, while low-value services are common, it is not clear why Veterans receive them. We will test whether the Choice/MISSION Act reforms, which increased Veterans’ access to non-VA clinicians, increased Veterans’ risk of receiving low- value services. Second, we lack high-quality evidence on what constitutes low-value care as well as what strategies are effective for translating evidence into clinical decision-making. We will investigate strategies to address low-value care via evidence development and evidence translation. Thus, our research will elucidate the causes of, and potential solutions to, low-value health care. This work directly aligns with the VA mission of ensuring high-value Veteran health care. It will provide VA with critical information to prioritize and implement policies with the goal of reducing low-value Veteran care in VA and non-VA settings.

PI_NAMEs: SCHWARTZ, AARON LAWRENCE (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Alternative Therapies;Area;Award;Black race;career;career development;Caring;Clinical;Clinical Data;clinical decision-making;clinical practice;Collaborations;Community Healthcare;community setting;Competence;complex chronic conditions;Consensus;cost;Data;Development;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Dimensions;effectiveness evaluation;Eligibility Determination;Ensure;experience;financial incentive;Focus Groups;Frequencies;Goals;health care delivery;health care model;health care service;health economics;Health Policy;Health Services Research;Health system;Healthcare;Hispanic;improved;Incentives;Incidence;innovation;Intervention;K-Series Research Career Programs;Knowledge;Learning;Literature;Low income;Machine Learning;Measures;Medical;Mentorship;Methodology;Methods;Mission;Natural experiment;novel;Outpatients;patient population;Patients;Performance;Pharmacotherapy;Physicians;Policies;Procedures;Process;programs;Provider;Qualitative Methods;Qualitative Research;Quasi-experiment;recruit;Research;research and development;Research Methodology;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Research Support;response;Risk;Safety;Services;severe mental illness;skills;Source;stakeholder perspectives;Subgroup;Substance Use Disorder;Techniques;Testing;tool;Training;Translating;Translations;Veterans;wasting;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Understanding Low-Value Veteran Care with Natural Experiments

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Research Career Scientist[MRA0]


ORG_CITY: PITTSBURGH

PHR: Physical activity levels among Veterans who use wheelchairs is very low despite the importance of PA in improving overall physical and mental health. Wheelchair users face many barriers to exercise above that of the general population including lack of transportation to PA facilities and programs, social support, motivation and access to accessible fitness equipment and knowledgeable trainers. Home-based fitness products involving access to live and on-demand video instruction and virtual reality applications have become widely popular and beneficial for increasing fitness and motivation among able-bodied individuals during the pandemic however they are not accessible or tailored to the needs of wheelchair users. Therefore, the goal of this project is to develop a home-based upper arm exercise bike that will be compatible with video based instruction and virtual reality real-world riding apps that offer social components and motivational features.

PI_NAMEs: COOPER, RORY A.;KOONTZ, ALICIA M. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Adherence;Adverse event;Aerobic Exercise;arm;Biomechanics;Bluetooth;Burn injury;Calories;cardiometabolic risk;cardiovascular health;Cardiovascular Physiology;Cellular Phone;Chronic Disease;Communication;Communities;cost;COVID-19 pandemic;Data;design;Development;Devices;disability;Disabled Persons;Economic Burden;Emotional;Engineering;Equipment;ergonomics;Exercise;exercise intensity;exercise program;experience;Face;fitness;Functional disorder;General Population;Goals;grasp;Guidelines;Health;Heart Rate;Home;improved;Individual;Instruction;Internet;intrinsic motivation;iterative design;Left;manufacture;Marketing;meetings;Mental Health;Mobility decline;Monitor;mortality;Motivation;Movement;novel;operation;pandemic disease;Participant;peer;Peer Group;Performance;Persons;Physical activity;physical conditioning;physical inactivity;Pilot Projects;Positioning Attribute;Process;Productivity;programs;prototype;Recommendation;Records;Reporting;Resistance;Risk Factors;Running;Safety;satisfaction;sensor;social;Social Network;Social support;Societies;Speed;Spinal cord injury;System;Tablets;Technology;Testing;Time;Training;transmission process;Transportation;transportation access;treadmill;Upper arm;usability;Veterans;vigorous intensity;virtual;Virtual and Augmented reality;virtual reality;virtual world;Weight maintenance regimen;Wheelchair user;Wheelchairs;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Development of a socially connected exercise system for wheelchair users

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Rehabilitation Engineering & Prosthetics/Orthotics [RRD5]


ORG_CITY: SALT LAKE CITY

ORG_NAME: VA SALT LAKE CITY HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

ORG_STATE: UT

PHR: The VA Community Care (CC) program has improved access to surgical care for Veterans unable to have treatment at VA Medical Centers. However, Veterans undergoing surgery outside the VA are at increased risk of chronic opioid use (COU). Transitional Pain Services (TPS) have been shown to reduce postoperative COU, but it is unknown whether this approach can be applied virtually to at-risk Veterans using CC for surgery. Through this project, we will generate important data to establish whether telehealth TPS can serve as an efficacious, scalable and cost-effective strategy to ensure safe opioid use among Veterans undergoing orthopedic surgery at non-VA hospitals. We will compare opioid use among Veterans using CC for orthopedic surgery randomized to telehealth TPS versus only standard care. We will interview VA providers and patients to identify barriers and facilitators to care coordination using TPS. Finally, we will conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis to compare whether telehealth TPS reduces COU without increasing costs to patients or VA payers.

PI_NAMEs: BROOKE, BENJAMIN S. (contact);BUYS, MICHAEL

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;barrier to care;care coordination;Caring;Chronic;Cities;Clinical;Communities;Community Healthcare;cost;cost effective;Cost Effectiveness Analysis;COVID-19 pandemic effects;Data;design;Education;effectiveness evaluation;Ensure;evidence base;follow-up;Foundations;Funding;Future;Health Personnel;Healthcare;Healthcare Systems;high risk;Hospitals;Improve Access;improved;innovation;interdisciplinary approach;Interview;Joints;Managed Care;Medical center;Methodology;Methods;multidisciplinary;Operative Surgical Procedures;Opioid;opioid misuse;opioid tapering;opioid use;Orthopedic Surgery;Orthopedics;Outcome;Pain;Pain management;Patients;Perioperative;Perioperative Care;Persons;Population;Postoperative Pain;Postoperative Period;prevent;primary care provider;Procedures;Process;programs;Provider;Quality of Care;Randomized;Research;Research Design;Resources;Risk;Risk Factors;risk mitigation;Risk Reduction;routine care;Schedule;service intervention;service programs;Services;Sodium Chloride;standard care;Structure;Surgeon;telehealth;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;Veterans;virtual;virtual delivery;Visit;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Reducing Chronic Opioid Use Among Veterans Undergoing Community Care Surgery Using a Transitional Pain Service

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HSR-1 Health Care and Clinical Management[HSR1]


ORG_NAME: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Functional MRI (fMRI) is the most widely-used tool to measure human brain function and has contributed enormously to human neuroscience, however fMRI does not measure neuron firing rather it detects brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow in the brain that delivers oxygen to the neurons. These changes in blood flow that occur in the smallest blood vessels near to the neurons provide more accurate information about which neurons are firing, whereas it is more difficult to know the location of neuron firing when observing changes blood flow within the largest vessels, yet standard fMRI methods mix together signal from large and small blood vessels. Here we seek to develop MRI technology that can enable the observation of blood flow changes exclusively from the smallest blood vessels, and we will use this to show that these changes are faster than those found in the largest blood vessels and so our technology can therefore be used to better track rapid changes in neuron firing.

PI_NAMEs: POLIMENI, JONATHAN RIZZO (contact);SETSOMPOP, KAWIN

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Animal Model;Biological;Blood flow;blood oxygenation level dependent response;Blood Vessels;Brain;Cerebral cortex;Cerebrovascular Circulation;Cerebrovascular system;Coupled;Data;density;Dependence;Deposition;design;Detection;Echo-Planar Imaging;Endowment;Exhibits;experimental study;Frequencies;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Funding;Goals;Human;Image;image reconstruction;imaging study;Imaging technology;improved;Knowledge;Location;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measurement;Measures;Methods;Motion;Neurons;Neurosciences;novel;optical imaging;Oxygen;Phase;Photic Stimulation;Physiologic pulse;Protocols documentation;Resolution;response;Sampling;Signal Transduction;Slice;spatiotemporal;Specificity;Stimulus;Surface;Technology;temporal measurement;Testing;theories;Time;tool;Training;transmission process;Visual Cortex

PROJECT_TITLE: fMRI Technologies for Imaging at the Limit of Biological Spatiotemporal Resolution

STUDY_SECTION: EITA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Emerging Imaging Technologies and Applications Study Section[EITA]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biotechnology;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Malaria;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases;Vector-Borne Diseases

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: RELEVANCE (See instructions): In this R37 Extension application, we propose to define the roles played by the Plasmodium falciparum transporters PfCRT and PfMDR1 in mediating parasite resistance to antimalarial drugs currently used in firstline combination therapies. Our studies will explore risks posed by PfCRT mutations in negating antimalarial drug efficacy in Africa, define genetic associations between PfCRT and other genes that augment resistance or offset parasite fitness costs, identify compounds that could reverse mutant PfCRT-mediated drug efflux, and characterize structural and functional features of PfMDR1-mediated drug resistance. Results from this project will advance our understanding of P. falciparum drug action and multidrug resistance , and offer evidence-based strategies to reduce the impact of drug-resistant malaria.

PI_NAMEs: FIDOCK, DAVID A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JOY, DEIRDRE A

PROJECT_TERMS: acquired immunity;Adult;Affinity;Africa;African;Amodiaquine;Anti-malarial drug resistance;Anti-malarials;Area;Artemisinins;Asian;ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters;Automobile Driving;benflumetol;Binding;Binding Proteins;Biological;Biological Assay;Biological Markers;Biophysics;Cambodia;Cambodian;Candidate Disease Gene;Cell Culture Techniques;Cells;Chemistry;Chemoprevention;Chloroquine;Chloroquine resistance;Chromosome 12;Chromosome 7;Chromosome Mapping;Collaborations;Combined Modality Therapy;cost;Coupled;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Data;drug action;drug efficacy;Drug Efflux;Drug resistance;drug standard;Drug Targeting;Drug Transport;drug-sensitive;Eukaryotic Cell;evidence base;fitness;Funding;Genes;genetic association;Genetic Crosses;Genetic Determinism;Genetic Population Study;genome sequencing;Genomics;Goals;Growth;humanized mouse;Infection;inhibitor;insight;Instruction;Investigation;knock-down;Licensing;Linkage Disequilibrium;Malaria;Maps;Measurement;Mediating;Mediator;Mefloquine;Microbial Drug Resistance;mouse model;Multi-Drug Resistance;mutant;Mutation;nanomolar;National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease;Nature;novel;overexpression;Parasite resistance;Parasites;Patients;PfCRT protein;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Phenotype;Physiological;Plasmodium falciparum;Play;Predisposition;prevent;programs;Property;Protein Isoforms;protein purification;Proxy;Publishing;pyronaridine;Quantitative Trait Loci;Quinine;Radiolabeled;Recombinant Proteins;Recombinants;Reporting;Research;Research Design;Research Support;Resistance;resistance allele;resistance mutation;Risk;Role;Seasons;segregation;small molecule libraries;Source;Southeastern Asia;Structure;success;System;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;transmission process;Treatment Failure;Vacuole;Variant;whole genome

PROJECT_TITLE: Defining the Role of PfCRT and PfMDR1 as Pleiotropic Mediators of Plasmodium falciparum Multidrug Resistance

STUDY_SECTION: NSS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: NSS


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Cancer;Caregiving Research;Chronic Pain;Clinical Research;Health Services;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Pain Research;Palliative Care

ORG_CITY: CHARLOTTESVILLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA

ORG_STATE: VA

PHR: Project Narrative Uncontrolled cancer pain remains a critical health issue, especially for patients and family caregivers coping with advanced, late-stage disease. Leveraging innovative mobile and wireless technology (`smart health') can help improve symptom care in the home setting, empower patients and family caregivers in the safe and effective management of cancer pain, and support the work and care management decisions of healthcare providers.

PI_NAMEs: LEBARON, VIRGINIA TOWNSEND (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SEAY, JULIA SUSAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Accident and Emergency department;Acute Pain;Address;Adherence;advanced disease;Advanced Malignant Neoplasm;Affect;Behavioral;Breakthrough Pain;cancer complication;Cancer Intervention;cancer pain;Cancer Pain Management;Cancer Patient;Caregivers;Caring;Clinic;Communication;Complex;contextual factors;coping;Custom;Data;data integration;data sharing;data visualization;design;digital;digital phenotyping;Disease;Disease Progression;Distress;Effectiveness;Emotional;empowerment;end of life;Environmental Risk Factor;Event;evidence base;experience;Family Caregiver;Family health status;Fingerprint;Frequencies;Health;Health Personnel;Health system;Health Technology;Healthcare Systems;Home;Hospice Programs;improved;Individual;innovation;Interdisciplinary Study;Intervention;Life;Malignant Neoplasms;Managed Care;minimally invasive;mobile computing;Monitor;Moods;novel;Observational Study;Oncology;Opioid;opioid epidemic;Outpatients;Pain;Palliative Care;Patient Care;Patient Self-Report;Patients;personalized management;personalized strategies;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Phenotype;Physiological;Play;prediction algorithm;preference;Psychological Impact;Quality of life;recruit;Reporting;Research;Role;sensor;Signs and Symptoms;Sleep;SMART health;smart watch;social;Source;symptom management;symptomatic improvement;Symptoms;System;Technology;Time;treatment effect;wearable device;wearable sensor technology;Wireless Technology;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Characterizing the Complexity of Advanced Cancer Pain in the Home Context by Leveraging Smart Health Technology


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Clinical Research;Genetics;Hematology;Human Genome;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases

ORG_NAME: EMORY UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative Multiple myeloma patients benefit from several therapeutic options including immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), but most patients eventually acquire disease that is refractory to treatment and succumb to myeloma. This project will investigate the molecular targets of IMiDs – the transcription factors IKAROS and AIOLOS – to determine their function and role in IMiD resistance. Results will inform the mechanisms by which IMiDs function or fail to function in myeloma, where IMiD-resistance is a major driver of mortality.

PI_NAMEs: BARWICK, BENJAMIN GABRIEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JAKOWLEW, SONIA B

PROJECT_TERMS: Ablation;Acceleration;Affect;analog;Antibodies;Binding;Binding Proteins;Binding Sites;Cancer Etiology;career;cell growth;Cells;Cessation of life;ChIP-seq;Chromatin;Chromosomes;CRISPR interference;CRISPR-mediated transcriptional activation;Cyclin D1;Data;Defect;Dependence;Diagnosis;Disease;DNA Sequence Alteration;Drug resistance;drug sensitivity;drug-sensitive;Ectopic Expression;Elements;Enhancers;Epigenetic Process;epigenome;Event;experimental study;Gene Expression;gene repression;Genes;Genetic;Genome;genomic data;Genomics;Goals;Growth;Heavy-Chain Immunoglobulins;histone methyltransferase;histone modification;Imides;immunoregulation;Immunotherapy;improved;In Situ;in vivo Model;Individual;Infection;innovation;insight;Light-Chain Immunoglobulins;Location;Lymphocyte;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mediating;Modality;Molecular;molecular subtypes;Molecular Target;mortality;Multiple Myeloma;Mutation;Newly Diagnosed;next generation sequencing;novel strategies;Oncogenes;Outcome;overexpression;Patient-Focused Outcomes;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Plasma Cells;Positioning Attribute;prognostic;programs;Proliferating;promoter;Proteasome Inhibitor;Proto-Oncogenes;Refractory;Regulatory Element;Research;Resistance;Resistance development;response;Role;Running;Scientist;Specimen;Testing;Thalidomide;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Effect;therapeutic target;transcription factor;transcriptome sequencing;Translating;treatment response;Trisomy;Tumor Suppressor Genes;Validation;Variant;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Revealing the cis-Regulatory Function of IMiDs in Multiple Myeloma”.


ADMINISTERING_IC: EY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: SEATTLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: NARRATIVE A fundamental capacity of the primate visual system is its ability to track dynamic visual stimuli. To understand how this is achieved, we will conduct a combination of primate neurophysiological and behavioral studies using novel, custom-designed visual stimuli to investigate how area V4, an intermediate stage of cortical visual processing, integrates visual information across space and time. The proposed experiments will provide deeper understanding of cortical representations, particularly the neuronal basis of global motion perception and the tracking of dynamic objects—processes that are impaired in aging populations, especially those with Alzheimer’s disease.

PI_NAMEs: PASUPATHY, ANITHA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FLANDERS, MARTHA C

PROJECT_TERMS: Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Animals;Appearance;Area;area MT;area V4;Articular Range of Motion;awake;Behavior;behavioral study;Biological;Characteristics;Complex;Cues;Custom;Data;density;design;dorsal visual stream;Environment;experimental study;Foundations;Impairment;Individual;inferotemporal cortex;insight;Investigation;Macaca;Methods;Modeling;Monkeys;Motion;Motion Perception;Neurons;neurophysiology;novel;object motion;object shape;Perception;Play;Population;Primates;Process;Psychophysics;Reaction Time;receptive field;response;retinal imaging;Role;Rotation;sample fixation;Shapes;Signal Transduction;Source;spatiotemporal;Speed;Stimulus;temporal measurement;Testing;Time;Translating;Translations;V4 neuron;ventral visual stream;Vision;Visual;Visual Cortex;Visual Fields;visual information;Visual Motion;visual processing;visual stimulus;Visual System

PROJECT_TITLE: Spatiotemporal representation in ventral visual pathway


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Clinical Research;Duchenne/ Becker Muscular Dystrophy;Genetics;Muscular Dystrophy;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Rare Diseases;Regenerative Medicine

ORG_CITY: BIRMINGHAM

ORG_DEPT: PEDIATRICS

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM

ORG_STATE: AL

PHR: Project Narrative: This project seeks to advance our understanding of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The proposal seeks specifically to advance our understanding of the Smad8 cell signaling pathway that is markedly elevated in dystrophic skeletal muscles. This will advance our understanding of the function of Smad8 which is highly upregulated and associated with microRNA dysregulation in order to potentially discover novel therapeutic targets.

PI_NAMEs: LOPEZ, MICHAEL ALONZO (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: NUCKOLLS, GLEN H

PROJECT_TERMS: Adrenal Cortex Hormones;Affect;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Biological Assay;Biology;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Line;Cell Proliferation;Cells;Cessation of life;Clinical;Complex;conditional knockout;connectin;CRISPR/Cas technology;Data;Development;differential expression;Dilated Cardiomyopathy;Direct Lytic Factors;Disease;Disease Progression;Duchenne muscular dystrophy;Dystrophin;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Evaluation;Gene Expression;Genes;Goals;Health;Histopathology;Human;Impairment;Inflammation;Inflammatory;inflammatory marker;Injury;Interleukin-6;Intramuscular;Investigation;knock-down;Knock-out;Knockout Mice;Lead;Lentivirus Vector;Life;Link;LoxP-flanked allele;male;Maps;Measures;Mediating;member;Membrane;Messenger RNA;MicroRNAs;miRNA expression profiling;Modeling;Molecular;Motor;mouse model;Mus;Muscle;Muscle Cells;Muscle function;muscle regeneration;Muscle satellite cell;Muscle Weakness;Muscular Dystrophies;muscular dystrophy mouse model;Myoblasts;Myopathy;Natural regeneration;new therapeutic target;novel;overexpression;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway interactions;preadolescence;premature;Process;Proliferating;Repression;respiratory;Respiratory Failure;restoration;Role;Severity of illness;side effect;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Skeletal Muscle;skeletal muscle wasting;Small Interfering RNA;standard of care;targeted treatment;Teenagers;Therapeutic Intervention;tibialis anterior muscle;Time;transcription factor;Translating;Wasting Syndrome;Western Blotting;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Smad8 is a driver of Duchenne muscular dystrophy pathology via myomiR repression


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Neurosciences;Regenerative Medicine

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_DEPT: PHYSIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: Narrative This project aims to unravel the molecular mechanisms that control dendrite development in the nervous system. We will also investigate dendritic function (especially mechano-sensation) and dendrite regeneration, research topics that extend our interest in dendrites. Given that dendrite defects are the likely cause of many neurological and mental disorders such as autism and Down syndrome, this project could contribute to the diagnosis and possible treatment in the future.

PI_NAMEs: JAN, YUH NUNG (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LAVAUTE, TIMOTHY M

PROJECT_TERMS: Afferent Neurons;Ankyrin Repeat;Area;autism spectrum disorder;Axon;axon guidance;axon regeneration;Biological Models;Defect;Dendrite Regeneration;Dendrites;Development;Diagnosis;Disease;Dissection;Down's Syndrome;Drosophila genus;fly;Foundations;Future;Genetic;Genetic Screening;Injury;insight;interest;Knowledge;Mammals;Mechanics;mechanotransduction;Mental disorders;Molecular;Morphogenesis;Morphology;mutant;Natural regeneration;Nervous System;Nervous System Disorder;neuronal circuitry;Neurons;Neurosciences;novel;Paper;Pathway interactions;Pattern;PubMed;Research;Solid;Touch sensation

PROJECT_TITLE: Dendrite morphogenesis, function and regeneration


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Diabetes;Health Services;Infertility;Nutrition;Obesity;Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS);Prevention;Women's Health Research

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Creating evidence-based dietary interventions for individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is fundamental to the management of this common and costly endocrine disorder. Information gained from this study could facilitate the formulation of effective, widely accessible treatments for PCOS.

PI_NAMEs: SASLOW, LAURA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GOROSPE, RAFAEL

PROJECT_TERMS: Acne;Adherence;Adult;Age;Androgens;Beta Cell;blood glucose regulation;Blood Tests;Body fat;Body mass index;Body Weight;Body Weight decreased;Calories;Carbohydrates;cardiovascular disorder risk;cardiovascular risk factor;Cells;chronic anovulation;Clinical;comparative effectiveness study;Control Groups;cost;DASH diet;design;Development;diabetes risk;Diet;dietary;dietary adherence;Dietary Carbohydrates;Dietary Intervention;dietary restriction;Dimensions;Dropout;Dysmenorrhea;Early Diagnosis;Endocrine System Diseases;evidence base;evidence based guidelines;experience;Face;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Fatty Acids;Formulation;Functional disorder;Future;Glucose;glycemic control;Glycosylated Hemoglobin;Glycosylated hemoglobin A;Hair;Health;high risk;Hirsutism;Hormones;Hyperandrogenism;Hyperinsulinism;improved;Individual;Infertility;Insulin;Insulin Resistance;insulin secretion;Intake;Intervention;Irregular Menstruation;Life Style;lifestyle intervention;Lipids;Measurement;Measures;Menstrual cycle;Menstruation;Metabolic;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;novel;nutrition;Nutritional;Obesity;obesity risk;online delivery;Outcome;Ovarian Stimulations;Overweight;Participant;Pilot Projects;pilot trial;Polycystic Ovary Syndrome;Population;Prediabetes syndrome;primary outcome;Production;programs;Publishing;Quality of life;randomized trial;randomized, clinical trials;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Recommendation;reproductive;Research;Risk;satisfaction;Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin;side effect;standard of care;Symptoms;systematic review;Target Populations;Testing;Testosterone;Text Messaging;Time;Woman

PROJECT_TITLE: Glycemic reduction approaches in polycystic ovary syndrome: a comparative effectiveness study

STUDY_SECTION: BMHO

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Biobehavioral Medicine and Health Outcomes Study Section[BMHO]


ORG_CITY: MINNEAPOLIS

ORG_NAME: MINNEAPOLIS VA  MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: The VA Opioid Safety Initiative has reduced high-risk opioid prescribing and improved pain treatments for Veterans in VA care. To enhance access and improve health outcomes for Veterans, the MISSION Act expanded eligibility criteria for VA purchased services provided by non-VA community clinics (VA Community Care [CC]). VA is still charged with ensuring high-quality care for Veterans receiving CC services, including for outpatient treatment of pain. It is unclear how CC expansion has impacted opioid safety and patient-reported outcomes for Veterans receiving CC-prescribed opioids, particularly given known challenges in care coordination and health care communication for CC services. The proposed project will examine factors associated with receiving CC- prescribed opioids, and evaluate outcomes for Veterans who receive any opioids CC-prescribed opioids vs. only VA-prescribed opioids. These results are essential for developing future strategies to better integrate VA and non-VA provided services, and improving outcomes for Veterans receiving CC services for pain treatment.

PI_NAMEs: DUAN-PORTER, WEI  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: acute care;Acute Pain;Address;Adverse event;Affect;Ambulatory Care;Authorization documentation;care coordination;care episode;care providers;care systems;Caring;Charge;chronic pain;chronic pain management;Client satisfaction;Clinical Services;cohort;Collaborations;Communication;Communities;Communities That Care;community clinic;Community Healthcare;Data;Data Reporting;design;Dose;Elements;Eligibility Determination;Emergency department visit;Enrollment;Ensure;Evaluation;Feedback;Female;follow-up;Future;geographic difference;Goals;Health;health care availability;health related quality of life;Healthcare;high risk;Hospitalization;improved;improved outcome;Individual;Infrastructure;innovation;Insurance Carriers;Intervention;Leadership;Medical Records;medical specialties;medication safety;Methodology;Methods;milligram;Modeling;Morphine;Nature;Observational Study;Opioid;opioid therapy;opioid use;Outcome;Outpatients;Pain;Pain Clinics;Pain intensity;Pain management;pain outcome;Pain quality;pain reduction;Patient Outcomes Assessments;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Pattern;Personal Satisfaction;Pharmacists;Pharmacy facility;poor health outcome;Predictive Factor;predictive modeling;prescription opioid;primary care provider;primary outcome;programs;prospective;Prospective cohort;Provider;Publications;Quality of Care;Quality of life;Reporting;Research;Resources;response;Risk;Rural Community;rural residence;Safety;satisfaction;Services;Severities;sex;Specialist;Surveys;Translating;Treatment outcome;Variant;Veterans;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: ECCO - Evaluation of Outcomes Associated with Community Care Prescribed Opioids


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Prevention

ORG_CITY: Los Angeles

ORG_DEPT: OPHTHALMOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

PHR: Project Narrative Currently, high-resolution elastography is being used to detect early glaucoma. We propose to develop a new technology that uses phase ultrasound array with ring transducer excitation to monitor the mechanical properties of the sclera. The proposed technology can potentially be used for early diagnosis of glaucoma in patients.

PI_NAMEs: ZHOU, QIFA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GOVER, TONY DOUGLAS

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Acoustics;Address;Affect;Age;aging population;American;Area;Bilateral;Biomechanics;blind;Blindness;California;Characteristics;clinical practice;Computer software;Cornea;Development;Disease;disorder risk;Early Diagnosis;Elasticity;elastography;Elements;Engineering;Evaluation;ex vivo imaging;experience;Eye;Frequencies;Gender;Glaucoma;Goals;Image;imaging modality;imaging platform;imaging system;Imaging Techniques;in vivo imaging system;in vivo optical imaging;Maps;Measurement;Measures;mechanical properties;Mechanics;Monitor;Needles;nerve damage;new technology;non-invasive imaging;novel;Optic Disk;Optic Nerve;optic nerve disorder;optical imaging;Oryctolagus cuniculus;Papillary;Pathogenesis;Patients;Persons;Phase;Physiologic Intraocular Pressure;Principal Investigator;Property;Race;Radiation;Research;Research Personnel;Resolution;Resources;Retina;Risk Factors;Scientist;Sclera;Severities;Shapes;Site;Speed;Statistical Data Interpretation;Stress;success;System;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Time;Tissues;tool;Transducers;Ultrasonic Transducer;Ultrasonics;Ultrasonography;ultrasound;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: Biomechanical mapping of the optic nerve head and peripapillary sclera using high frequency ultrasonic elastography


ORG_CITY: HOUSTON

ORG_NAME: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

PHR: Project Narrative Atrial fibrillation, the most prevalence arrhythmia, is a public health burden. The proposed work will elucidate the function of interleukin-1b and gasdermin-D, two key players of inflammasome signaling in cardiomyocytes and how the gasdermin-D/interleukin-1b nexus in cardiomyocytes promotes the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation.

PI_NAMEs: LI, NA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SHI, YANG

PROJECT_TERMS: Ablation;Acute;adeno-associated viral vector;anakinra;Antibodies;Arrhythmia;Atrial Fibrillation;Attenuated;Biological Process;Cardiac Myocytes;CASP1 gene;Cell Death;Cell membrane;Cells;Chronic;cytokine;Data;Development;Event;Exhibits;Frequencies;gain of function;Goals;Heart Atrium;Human;Immune;In Vitro;Inflammasome;Inflammatory;Interleukin-1;Interleukin-1 Receptors;Interleukins;knock-down;Lytic;Mediating;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;Mutate;N-terminal;neutralizing antibody;novel;Obesity;outcome prediction;Outcome Study;overexpression;Pathogenesis;Patients;Phenotype;Pilot Projects;Play;Postoperative Period;Predisposition;Prevalence;prevent;Proteins;Public Health;receptor;Refractory;Research Project Grants;Role;Signal Transduction;System;Testing;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The Role of Gasdermin-D/Interleukin-1 Nexus in Atrial Arrhythmogenesis

STUDY_SECTION: MPPB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Integrative Myocardial Physiology/Pathophysiology B Study Section[MPPB]


PHR: Evidence suggests that VA cancer quality has rivaled that provided in the community, but how the MISSION Act has affected cancer care quality remains unknown. The current study will produce the following: 1) a set of cancer quality measures appropriate for tracking cancer quality in VA and the community; 2) a report of cancer care quality across VA-delivered and VA-purchased community care since the institution of MISSION, including an evaluation of the role of care fragmentation and other system and patient-level factors on quality; and 3) an assessment of quality in cancer providers in the community who contract with VA as compared to geographically proximate providers who do not. This study will lay the foundation for an appropriately flexible and robust measurement system that will allow both policy makers and researchers to learn how to improve cancer quality for Veterans in the decades to come. For Veterans, the study will yield critical information that can help them decide whether and when to receive VA-delivered vs VA-purchased community care.

PI_NAMEs: HOFER, TIMOTHY P. (contact);KERR, EVE A

PROJECT_TERMS: Accountability;Affect;Benefits and Risks;cancer care;cancer risk;care fragmentation;care systems;Caring;Collaborations;Communities;Community Healthcare;Complex;Contracts;Data;Data Analyses;data registry;Decision Making;design;Development;Diagnosis;Dimensions;Evaluation;flexibility;Foundations;future implementation;Geography;Goals;Grant;Health system;high risk;Hospital Referrals;Immunotherapy;implementation process;Implementation readiness;Improve Access;improved;Incentives;Individual;innovation;Institution;integrated care;Learning;Malignant neoplasm of prostate;Malignant Neoplasms;Measurement;Measures;Medical Care Costs;Medical Records;medical specialties;Medicare;Medicare claim;Methodology;Modeling;Monitor;Movement;new therapeutic target;Patients;Performance;Policies;Policy Maker;Process;Provider;Quality of Care;Race;Recommendation;Registries;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Risk;Role;Services;Specific qualifier value;System;Systems Integration;Testing;Time;treatment planning;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;Variant;Veterans;Visit;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Assessing Quality of VA and Community Care in the MISSION Era


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Brain Disorders;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Genetics;Human Genome;Lung;Lung Cancer;Neurosciences;Rare Diseases;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_DEPT: PATHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Thoracic malignancies are the principal source of cancer related deaths due to the rapid metastatic spread of lung cancer cells to the brain. Our novel multi- disciplinary approach proposes to reveal drug targetable molecules that are specific to certain tissue cell types and which characterize this aggressive clinical course. We believe that this project will reveal fundamental new principles in gene regulation, pulmonary and brain biology, neuro-inflammation, as well as provide more tailored therapeutic insight for lung cancer patients at risk of metastatic disease.

PI_NAMEs: NGUYEN, DON X (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: AULT, GRACE S

PROJECT_TERMS: Adenocarcinoma Cell;Adjuvant Therapy;Adopted;Aggressive Clinical Course;Alveolar;Animal Model;ASCL1 gene;Biological;Biology;Biopsy;Brain;Brain Neoplasms;Cancer Model;Cancer Patient;cancer subtypes;cell type;Cells;Central Nervous System;Central Nervous System Neoplasms;Cessation of life;Chromatin;Clinical;cohort;Competence;Consent;Disease;Distant Metastasis;Engineering;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic therapy;epigenomics;Epithelial Cells;FGF9 gene;functional genomics;Gene Expression Regulation;Genes;Genetic;genetic approach;genetic signature;Genetic Transcription;Genetically Engineered Mouse;Glandular Cell;Goals;Heterogeneity;Histologic;Histone H3;histone methylation;histone methyltransferase;Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase;Human;in vivo;Incidence;innovation;insight;interdisciplinary approach;Invaded;KRAS2 gene;Link;Lung;Lung Adenocarcinoma;lung cancer cell;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Malignant neoplasm of thorax;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mediator;Metastatic malignant neoplasm to brain;Metastatic Neoplasm to the Central Nervous System;Methods;Methylation;Modeling;Molecular;molecular marker;Morphology;Mus;mutant;Mutation;Neoplasm Metastasis;neoplastic cell;neurogenesis;neuroinflammation;Neurons;Neurosecretory Systems;new therapeutic target;novel;oligodendrocyte progenitor;Organoids;Outcome;paracrine;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;postnatal;Predisposition;Primary Neoplasm;programs;Proliferating;prospective;Protein Secretion;Proteins;Protocols documentation;Relapse;Reporting;response;Risk;SHH gene;Signal Transduction;Slice;small hairpin RNA;smoothened signaling pathway;Sonic Hedgehog Pathway;Source;Specific qualifier value;Specimen;stem cell differentiation;stem cells;Subgroup;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic target;Tissues;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;tumor;tumor microenvironment;tumorigenesis;Xenograft Model

PROJECT_TITLE: A NOVEL LINEAGE SPECIFIC METASTASIS PATHWAY IN LUNG CANCER

STUDY_SECTION: TPM

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Tumor Progression and Metastasis Study Section[TPM]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Autism;Brain Disorders;Congenital Structural Anomalies;Genetics;Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD);Mental Health;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Regenerative Medicine;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Embryonic - Non-Human;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_DEPT: GENETICS

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: This project will advance our understanding of how mutations in the RNA binding protein DDX3X disrupt its function and result in neurodevelopmental disease. It will further an understanding of the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including intellectual disability, microcephaly, and autism. Therefore, this study may eventually help in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic options for broad neurological disorders.

PI_NAMEs: SHERR, ELLIOTT ;SILVER, DEBRA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RIDDLE, ROBERT D

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Address;Alleles;Antisense Oligonucleotides;autism spectrum disorder;Axon;Biochemical;Biology;Brain;brain malformation;Cell Cycle;Cell Fate Control;cell fate specification;Cell Line;Cell Physiology;Cells;Clinical;Collaborations;Communities;Data;Databases;Development;Developmental Delay Disorders;diagnostic development;Disease;Electroporation;Embryo;Etiology;Event;Family;Female;Generations;Genes;genetic variant;helicase;Human;human model;Image;impaired brain development;Impairment;in utero;in vivo;Individual;induced pluripotent stem cell;insight;Intellectual functioning disability;Link;loss of function;loss of function mutation;Measures;Messenger RNA;Metabolism;Microcephaly;Missense Mutation;Molecular;Molecular Chaperones;mouse model;Mus;mutant;Mutation;mutation carrier;nerve stem cell;Nervous System Disorder;neural;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;neurogenesis;Neurons;Nonsense Mutation;Nuclear Pore Complex;nucleotide analog;Pathology;Phenotype;postnatal;Productivity;progenitor;Proliferating;Protein Biosynthesis;Research;ribosome profiling;RNA;RNA Helicase;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;Severities;stem cell differentiation;stem cell function;stem cell population;stem cells;Structure;Syndrome;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Intervention;Transcript;transcriptome;Translating;translational impact;Translational Regulation;Translations;Variant;virtual

PROJECT_TITLE: Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying DDX3X syndrome

STUDY_SECTION: MNG

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular Neurogenetics Study Section[MNG]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome;Clinical Research;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Nutrition;Obesity;Pneumonia;Pneumonia and Influenza;Rare Diseases

ORG_NAME: WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Obesity afflicts approximately 42% of the adults in the United States and obese patients are at increased risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a final pathway of acute lung injury from infectious or sterile etiologies with high mortality. We have found evidence that increased acute lung injury in high fat diet induced obesity is linked to elevated free fatty acids in the lung with associated alterations in fatty acid oxidation, de novo fatty acid synthesis and mitochondrial fusion enzymes. In this proposal, we aim to uncover a link between dysregulated fatty acid metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased susceptibility to acute lung injury in obesity, with the ultimate goal of supporting the development of therapies for obese patients at risk of ARDS based on targeting lipid metabolism.

PI_NAMEs: PLATAKI, MARIA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KALANTARI, ROYA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acetyl Coenzyme A;Acute;Acute Lung Injury;Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome;acylcarnitine;Address;Adult;Advisory Committees;alveolar epithelium;Amines;authority;Bacterial Pneumonia;biobank;Bioenergetics;Biological;Biology;Body mass index;career;career development;Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I;cell type;Cells;Chimeric Proteins;Clinical;Communities;comparison control;Complex;Critical Illness;Cytosol;Databases;Development Plans;diet-induced obesity;Diffuse;Down-Regulation;Environment;Enzymes;Etiology;fatty acid metabolism;fatty acid oxidation;Fatty Acids;Fatty-acid synthase;Functional disorder;Generations;Genetic;genetic approach;Goals;Health;High Fat Diet;Hyperoxia;Impairment;Inflammatory;Injury;insight;Interdisciplinary Study;Lead;Levocarnitine;Link;lipid metabolism;Lipids;Lung;lung injury;Measures;Medicine;Mentors;Mentorship;Metabolic;Metabolic Pathway;Metabolism;metabolomics;Mitochondria;mitochondrial dysfunction;mitochondrial metabolism;Modeling;Morphology;mortality;mouse model;Multiple Trauma;Nonesterified Fatty Acids;Obese Mice;obese patients;obese person;Obesity;oxidation;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;Patient Admission;Patients;pharmacologic;Physiological;Plasma;Play;Pneumonia;Predisposition;Process;Regulation;Research;Research Personnel;Resources;Respiration;Risk;Role;Shapes;skills;Sterility;Stress;Testing;therapy development;Toxic effect;Training;United States;Ventilator-induced lung injury;Viral Pneumonia;Weight

PROJECT_TITLE: Impact of Diet Induced Obesity on Acute Lung Injury

STUDY_SECTION: MCBS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: NHLBI Mentored Clinical and Basic Science Study Section[MCBS(OA)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Congenital Structural Anomalies;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Rare Diseases;Vector-Borne Diseases;Zika Virus

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Although intense research has focused on the neurodevelopmental consequences of prenatal ZIKV infection, less is known about postnatal infection in early life, when significant growth and maturation of the brain occurs. Here we will use a nonhuman primate model of postnatal ZIKV exposure to interrogate the specific long-term neurobehavioral impact of ZIKV infection at different stages of infant postnatal brain development. Increased understanding of the full spectrum of disease caused by ZIKV in infants and children will allow us to be better prepared to respond in the likely event of future ZIKV outbreaks.

PI_NAMEs: CHAHROUDI, ANN M (contact);RAPER, JESSICA

PROJECT_TERMS: 2 year old;acute stress;Address;Adult;Affect;Age;Age Months;Amygdaloid structure;Animals;Area;Attention;Basal Ganglia;Behavior;Behavioral;behavioral response;Birth;Blood;Brain;brain abnormalities;Brain imaging;cell type;Cells;Child;Childhood;Cognition;Cognitive;Communicable Diseases;Compensation;Congenital Abnormality;congenital zika syndrome;congenital ZIKV infection;Data;Defect;Development;Disease;Disease Outbreaks;early childhood;Emotional;emotional functioning;Epidemic;Euthanasia;Event;executive function;Flavivirus;functional MRI scan;Future;Goals;gray matter;Growth;Hippocampus;Histologic;Histology;Human;Immune response;in utero;in vivo;infancy;Infant;infant infection;Infection;insight;Knowledge;Lead;Learning;Life;longitudinal analysis;Longitudinal Studies;Macaca;Macaca mulatta;Measures;Memory;memory recognition;Microcephaly;Modeling;Motor;neurobehavioral;neurodevelopment;Neurodevelopmental Deficit;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;Neurodevelopmental Problem;Neuroglia;neuroimaging;Neurologic Dysfunctions;Neurologic Effect;Neurons;Neurosciences;nonhuman primate;novel;Outcome;Parietal;Pathway interactions;Pilot Projects;postnatal;postnatal development;postnatal period;Pregnancy;prenatal;prenatal exposure;Public Health;Recovery of Function;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Rest;Series;Short-Term Memory;skills;Social Functioning;Social Interaction;Structure;Symptoms;Testing;Time;transcriptomics;Viral;virology;Virus;virus host interaction;Visual;white matter;Work;Zika Virus;ZIKV exposure;ZIKV infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Neurodevelopment after postnatal Zika virus infection in infant macaques


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Cancer;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Digestive Diseases;Gene Therapy;Gene Therapy Clinical Trials;Genetics;Immunotherapy;Liver Cancer;Liver Disease;Pediatric;Pediatric Cancer;Rare Diseases

PHR: Project narrative: We propose to evaluate GPC3-CAR T cells co-expressing IL15 alone or both IL15 and IL21 to determine their safety, expansion, persistence, and antitumor activity against GPC3+ tumors, which collectively represent the largest group of extracranial pediatric solid cancers. In addition, we will define evolving immune escape mechanisms employed by tumor cells following CAR T cell treatment at the single cell resolution. Results from these studies may serve as blueprint for effective countermeasures to enhance our CAR T cell treatment and others.

PI_NAMEs: HECZEY, ANDRAS A. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SONG, MIN-KYUNG H

PROJECT_TERMS: Adoptive Transfer;Antigens;Antitumor Response;Biopsy;Blood specimen;cancer cell;CASP9 gene;Cell Survival;Cells;Cephalic;chemotherapy;Child;Childhood;Childhood Solid Neoplasm;chimeric antigen receptor;chimeric antigen receptor T cells;cohort;Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events;cytokine;design;Devices;Dose;Elements;Endowment;Engineering;Evaluation;Evolution;exhaustion;fetal;Flow Cytometry;Gene Expression Profile;Generations;Goals;GPC3 gene;Hematologic Neoplasms;Hepatoblastoma;Human;Imaging Techniques;Immune;immune- related response criteria;Immunotherapeutic agent;Immunotherapy;improved;improved outcome;in vivo;indexing;Individual;Infusion procedures;insight;Interleukin-15;interleukin-21;Laboratory Study;Liver neoplasms;Malignant - descriptor;Malignant Neoplasms;Measures;Mediating;Methods;multidisciplinary;National Cancer Institute;Neoplasm Metastasis;neoplastic cell;Nephroblastoma;Non-Malignant;Patients;peripheral blood;Phase;phase 1 study;Phase I Clinical Trials;Phenotype;Pre-Clinical Model;preclinical study;preservation;Primary carcinoma of the liver cells;Primary Lesion;programs;Property;Radiation therapy;Recommendation;Refractory;Relapse;Research;Resolution;Rhabdoid Tumor;Rhabdomyosarcoma;Safety;Sarcoma;selective expression;self-renewal;Serum;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Solid;Solid Neoplasm;Stimulus;Stromal Cells;T cell differentiation;T cell transcription factor 1;T-Cell Receptor Therapy;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Therapeutic;Three-Dimensional Imaging;Tissues;Toxic effect;transcriptomics;tumor;Tumor Antigens;Tumor Escape;Tumor Markers;tumor microenvironment;tumor-immune system interactions;Undifferentiated;Yolk Sac Tumor;α-Fetoproteins

PROJECT_TITLE: IL-15 and -21 armored GPC3-specific CAR T cells for children with solid tumors

STUDY_SECTION: CONC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Oncology Study Section[CONC]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Coronaviruses;Coronaviruses Therapeutics and Interventions;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: LOUISVILLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE

ORG_STATE: KY

PHR: Human guanylate kinase (hGMPK) is an essential enzyme in the production of DNA and RNA making it a potential therapeutic target for cancer and SARS-CoV-2. We have shown that active site distant mutations arising from non-synonymous single nucleotide variants of hGMPK enhance enzymatic catalysis, without a perceptible change in the kinase’s backbone structure, an apparent contradiction to the structure-function paradigm. This proposal investigates what is responsible for this catalytic enhancement from a rigorous kinetic and thermodynamic perspective, the results of which will impact future approaches toward drug discovery and biomolecular regulation through the direct linkage of enzymatic function to the conformational landscape.

PI_NAMEs: SABO, THOMAS MICHAEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHO, THOMAS Y

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;Active Sites;Affect;Antineoplastic Agents;Architecture;Binding;Calorimetry;cancer cell;Catalysis;conformational conversion;Cyclic GMP;Data;design;Development;Dissociation;Distant;DNA;drug discovery;enthalpy;Enzymes;Equilibrium;Future;Generations;Grant;Guanosine Triphosphate;Guanylate kinase;Human;inhibitor;Kinetics;Laboratories;Ligand Binding;Ligands;Link;Malignant Neoplasms;Measurable;Measures;Methods;Molecular Conformation;molecular dynamics;Motion;Muramidase;mutant;Mutation;NMR Spectroscopy;Nuclear Magnetic Resonance;Nucleosides;Nucleotides;Outcome;Phosphorylation;Phosphotransferases;Physiological;Play;Probability;Prodrugs;Production;Proteins;Protocols documentation;Rationalization;Regulation;Relaxation;Research Personnel;Residual state;RNA;Role;Sampling;SARS coronavirus;Scheme;Series;Shapes;Single Nucleotide Polymorphism;Site;small molecule inhibitor;Structural Biologist;Structure;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic target;Thermodynamics;Titrations;tool;Ubiquitin;Variant;Vertebral column;Viral;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Linking the conformational landscape to enzymatic function through functional site distant mutations

STUDY_SECTION: MSFA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Macromolecular Structure and Function A Study Section[MSFA]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_DEPT: BIOSTATISTICS & OTHER MATH SCI

ORG_NAME: HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: Project Narrative The expertise provided by the SDMC will help advance research concerning the treatment of adults living with HIV and co-infections such as tuberculosis and hepatitis B virus. It will achieve this by ensuring that ACTG clinical trials and other studies are designed, conducted, and analyzed efficiently and to the highest standards using state-of-the-art, compliant clinical and laboratory information management systems that ensure complete and high-quality data. This research will continue to make significant contributions in advancing optimal treatment of people living with HIV both in the United States and internationally.

PI_NAMEs: COOPER, MARLENE ANN;HUGHES, MICHAEL DAVID (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: OJUMU, AKINLOLU O

PROJECT_TERMS: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome;Address;Adult;AIDS clinical trial group;Area;Biometry;Boston;California;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Clinical Trials Cooperative Group;Clinical Trials Network;co-infection;Collaborations;Communities;comorbidity;Data;Data Analyses;Data Collection;data communication;Data Coordinating Center;data management;Data Management Resources;data sharing;Databases;design;Development;Diagnosis;Disease remission;Ensure;Epidemiologist;Epidemiology;experience;flexibility;Foundations;frontier;Funding;Future;Hepatitis B Virus;high standard;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV/AIDS;improved;Industry Standard;Infection;Information Dissemination;Infrastructure;innovation;interest;International;Intervention;Laboratories;Lead;Leadership;Life;Management Information Systems;Methodology;Methods;Mission;Monitor;National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease;novel;optimal treatments;organizational structure;Persons;Prevention;Procedures;Public Health Schools;Reporting;Request for Applications;Research;research and development;Research Design;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Role;San Francisco;Science;Site;Specimen;Statistical Data Interpretation;System;Technology;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Clinical Trial;Training;trial design;Tuberculosis;tuberculosis treatment;United States;Universities;Viral hepatitis;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Statistical and Data Management Center (SDMC), Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections (ACTG)


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: BLACKSBURG

ORG_NAME: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV

PHR: BDNF is the most well-studied neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system and its role in maturation and synapse development in neurons is well characterized. To date, no study has evaluated a role for BDNF in the development or morphological maturation in a non-neuronal cell type, even though astrocytes express the highest levels of the receptor for BDNF, TrkB. Successful completion of these studies have the potential to advance our understanding of a novel molecular signaling that serves to recruit astrocytes perisynaptic processes to glutamatergic synapses. These studies lay the groundwork for novel inquiries into aberrant BDNF/TrkB signaling in a growing list of neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders whereby BDNF and astrocytes are increasingly implicated.

PI_NAMEs: OLSEN, MICHELLE L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TYLER, WILLIAM A

PROJECT_TERMS: Actins;Astrocytes;Behavioral;Binding;Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor;cell cortex;cell motility;cell type;Cells;Cellular Morphology;Central Nervous System;Central Nervous System Diseases;Code;Communication;Cytoskeletal Modeling;Cytoskeletal Proteins;Cytoskeleton;Data;Data Set;density;Development;Distal;Electrophysiology (science);Elements;Evaluation;experience;experimental study;Genes;Genetic;Glutamates;Home;Human;Image;In Vitro;in vivo;Ions;Knockout Mice;Length;Link;Maintenance;Mediating;Membrane;Mining;Molecular;Morphology;Mus;Names;Nervous System Disorder;Nervous System Physiology;Neurodevelopmental Disorder;Neuroglia;Neuronal Dysfunction;Neurons;Neurotransmitters;neurotrophic factor;Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor Type 2;novel;NTRK2 gene;Pathway interactions;Peripheral;Phenotype;Population;postsynaptic;presynaptic;Process;Property;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;Publishing;receptor;Receptor Signaling;reconstruction;recruit;Regulation;Research;Resources;response;rho;rho GTP-Binding Proteins;rhoB p20 GDI;Role;Sensory;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Somatosensory Cortex;Structure;Synapses;synaptic function;synaptogenesis;Testing;transcriptome sequencing;Tyrosine Kinase Domain;uptake;Vertebral column;Vibrissae;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: TrkB.T1 signaling in astrocytes


ED_INST_TYPE: EARTH SCIENCES/RESOURCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis;Diabetes;Digestive Diseases;Genetics;Hepatitis;Liver Disease;Nutrition

ORG_CITY: College Station

ORG_DEPT: NUTRITION

ORG_NAME: TEXAS A&M AGRILIFE RESEARCH

PHR: Project Narrative  Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a high-risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a common and serious public health problem that currently lacks effective therapies. High levels of transforming growth factor- beta 1 (TGFβ1) are present in both humans and mice with diabetes and NASH. We propose to use state-of- the-art genomic tools and genetic and disease models to investigate the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential of targeting TGFβ1 signaling in treating T2D and metabolic liver disease.

PI_NAMEs: GUO, SHAODONG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BURGESS-BEUSSE, BONNIE L

PROJECT_TERMS: Alanine;Alcohol abuse;Amino Acids;antagonist;Apoptosis;Aspartate;autocrine;Binding;Bioinformatics;Biology;Blood;Bone Marrow;Cell Physiology;Cell Separation;Charge;Chemicals;chronic liver injury;Clinical;Cyclic AMP;Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases;cytokine;Cytoplasm;Data;Diabetes Mellitus;Diet;Disease;disease model;effective therapy;Extracellular Matrix;Extracellular Matrix Proteins;feeding;Fibrosis;forkhead protein;FOXO1A gene;Gene Expression;Genes;Genetic;genetic approach;Genetic Models;genomic locus;genomic tools;Genomics;Glucagon;Gluconeogenesis;glucose metabolism;glucose production;Grant;Hepatic;Hepatic Stellate Cell;Hepatocyte;High Fat Diet;high risk;Homeostasis;Human;Hyperglycemia;In Vitro;Inflammation;inhibitor;insight;Insulin;Insulin Receptor;Insulin Resistance;insulin signaling;IRS1 gene;Knock-in;Knockout Mice;lipid biosynthesis;Lipids;Liver;Liver diseases;Liver Failure;Liver Fibrosis;liver function;liver inflammation;Macrophage;member;Metabolic;Metabolic stress;Molecular;Morbidity - disease rate;Mus;Mutant Strains Mice;Mutation;non-alcoholic;non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;novel;Nuclear;Nuclear Export;Nuclear Protein;Nuclear Translocation;overexpression;Overnutrition;paracrine;Pathway interactions;pharmacologic;Phosphorylation;PIK3CG gene;Play;Prevention;programs;protein expression;Proteins;Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt;Public Health;receptor;Research;response;Risk Factors;Role;Serine;Shapes;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;Steatohepatitis;System;Testing;TGFB1 gene;Therapeutic;Tissues;transcription factor;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Transforming Growth Factor beta;Transforming Growth Factors;Ubiquitination;Virus Diseases

PROJECT_TITLE: Hepatic TGFbeta1 in Control of Type 2 Diabetes and NASH via FoxO1 Signaling

STUDY_SECTION: CSME

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cell Signaling and Molecular Endocrinology Study Section[CSME]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences

PHR: The perception of motion is critical for normal human vision yet the cells, circuits and mechanisms that give rise to selectivity for movement direction have never been identified in the primate retina. The proposed project arises from the discovery of direction selective ganglion cells and associated novel circuitry in the macaque monkey retina and applies state of the art connectomic and functional imaging methods to advance understanding of the primate direction selective circuit for the first time. Outcomes will have significance for advancing understanding of motion processing in human vision and impact on the development of tools for cellular imaging and vision restoration in the unique primate retinal model.

PI_NAMEs: DACEY, DENNIS MICHAEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WRIGHT, CHARLES BAKER

PROJECT_TERMS: Amacrine Cells;Architecture;Area;Axon;Beds;Calcium;Calcium Signaling;Cell Physiology;cell type;Cells;cellular imaging;Clinical;Color;Coupling;Data;Dendrites;Detection;Development;Disease;Elements;fovea centralis;Functional Imaging;ganglion cell;high resolution imaging;Human;Image;imaging modality;Interneurons;Light;Link;Location;Macaca;Mammals;Mediating;Methods;model development;Modeling;Monkeys;Morphology;Motion;Motion Perception;Movement;Mus;Neurobiology;neuromechanism;nonhuman primate;novel;Ocular Physiology;Oryctolagus cuniculus;Outcome;Output;Pathway interactions;Physiological;Physiology;Population;postsynaptic;presynaptic;Primates;programs;Property;Radial;receptive field;reconstruction;Research;response;Retina;retinal imaging;Role;Series;sight restoration;starburst;starburst amacrine cell;Stimulus;Structure;Synapses;synaptic inhibition;Testing;Time;tool;tool development;Tracer;Trees;Vision;Vision research;visual neuroscience;Visual Pathways;visual processing

PROJECT_TITLE: Synaptic Architecture and Mechanisms of Direction Selectivity in Primate Retina

STUDY_SECTION: NTRC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neurotransporters, Receptors, and Calcium Signaling Study Section[NTRC]