ED_INST_TYPE: EARTH SCIENCES/RESOURCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Genetics

ORG_CITY: BERKELEY

ORG_DEPT: OTHER BASIC SCIENCES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY

PHR: NARRATIVE Many characters of interest in biomedicine evolved long ago and are fixed in a particular species, distinguishing it from unaffected relatives; finding the genes underlying any such ancient trait has been a central challenge in the field. We have developed a method, RH-seq, for genetic dissection of interspecies trait variation, and applied it in invertebrate models. We now propose to study how species-defining alleles confer their effects, alone and together, in a yeast model system, and we propose to port our approaches for interspecies genetics to mouse cells, with a focus on cellular senescence.

PI_NAMEs: BREM, RACHEL BETH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MASKERI, BAISHALI

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Age;Aging;Alleles;Amino Acids;Architecture;Behavior;biological adaptation to stress;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Biology of Aging;Candidate Disease Gene;Case Study;Cell Aging;Cell model;Cells;Chromosome Mapping;Complex;Data;Dissection;Evolution;experimental study;Funding;Genes;Genetic;genetic architecture;Genetic Epistasis;Genetic Population Study;Genetic Variation;Genome;genome-wide;Goals;Hybrids;Individual;Inflammation;Inflammatory;innovation;interest;Invertebrates;Laboratories;Literature;Mammals;Maps;Metabolism;method development;Methods;Modeling;Molecular;molecular phenotype;mouse model;Mus;Nature;Nematoda;Organism;Partner in relationship;Pathology;Phenotype;Polygenic Traits;programs;Proteins;Recombinants;Recording of previous events;reproductive;Saccharomyces cerevisiae;screening;senescence;senescent cell;Sister;Sterility;Stress;Surveys;System;Testing;Time;tool;trait;Variant;Work;Yeast Model System;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Mapping deep evolutionary divergences in cellular models of stress response

STUDY_SECTION: GVE

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Genetic Variation and Evolution Study Section[GVE]


ADMINISTERING_IC: VA

ARRA_FUNDED: N

FUNDING_MECHANISM: RESEARCH CENTERS

IC_NAME: Veterans Affairs

ORG_CITY: DETROIT

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: JOHN D DINGELL VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: MI

PHR: It is estimated that spinal cord injury (SCI) affects approximately 12,000 new individuals every year in the United States, with the majority are cervical and/or upper thoracic injuries. Despite this high prevalence of respiratory and sleep disorders in the chronic SCI population minority of patients are treated and are adherent to standard mechanical therapies. This proposal addresses a new therapeutic intervention in SCI. We hypothesized that daily acute intermittent hypercapnia (dAIHc) is feasible, improves respiratory symptoms, and alleviates sleep apnea in patients with chronic SCI. We will perform a pilot feasibility study to examine the impact of dAIHC for two weeks durations among Veterans with SCI. We believe that this novel approach to treating OSA will yield significant new knowledge that improves the health and quality of life of these patients.

PI_NAMEs: SANKARI, ABDULGHANI  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Acute;Address;Adherence;Affect;Alveolar;Animals;arm;base;Breathing;Carbon Dioxide;cardiovascular effects;Cardiovascular system;Caring;Cause of Death;Cervical;Cervical spinal cord injury;Chemical Stimulation;Chronic;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Cognition;Disease;Dropout;Educational Intervention;Enrollment;Exercise;exercise rehabilitation;Feasibility Studies;feasibility testing;follow-up;functional improvement;Future;General Population;Health;Heart Diseases;High Prevalence;Human;Hypercapnia;Hypertension;Hypoxia;Impairment;improved;improvement on sleep;Individual;Injury;innovation;Innovative Therapy;Institutional Review Boards;Integrated Health Care Systems;interest;Intervention;Knowledge;Life;Link;Measures;mechanical device;Mechanics;Minority Groups;Mission;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Motor;motor recovery;Multiple Sclerosis;Muscle;muscle strength;Nerve;Neuromuscular Diseases;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Paresis;Patients;Personal Satisfaction;Persons;Pilot Projects;Placebos;Polysomnography;Population;pressure;prevent;programs;psychologic;Quality of life;randomized controlled design;Recovery;recruit;Reporting;Research;Research Project Grants;Resources;Respiration Disorders;respiratory;Respiratory Diaphragm;Respiratory Muscles;Respiratory Paralysis;Respiratory physiology;Respiratory Signs and Symptoms;Role;Sample Size;Severities;Sleep;Sleep Apnea Syndromes;Sleep Disorders;Social Functioning;Spinal cord injury;Spinal cord injury patients;Stroke;Structure;Symptoms;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;Thoracic Injuries;Tissues;Training;United States;ventilation;Ventilator;Veterans;Wakefulness;Withdrawal

PROJECT_TITLE: Effect of Hypercapnia Treatment on Respiratory Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury

STUDY_SECTION: RRDS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Rehabilitation Research and Development SPiRE Program[RRDS]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

ORG_CITY: BRONX

ORG_NAME: JAMES J PETERS VA  MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a growing problem among active duty military and Veterans. Knee OA clinics are experiencing steady increases in patients throughout the VA. Few interventions are available which include weight management, knee braces, pain medications and/or surgery. However, these efforts to mitigate knee OA are often ineffective. Development of exoskeletons may offer a potential solution for Veterans with knee OA to reduce pain while walking and performing mobility-related activities of daily living (ADLs) with the potential to reduce pain medication intake and delay/reduce the need for knee replacement surgery. If successful, this project will provide Veterans with knee OA a useful alternative to standard braces and other non-surgical treatments. Reduction in knee pain with improved walking velocity and performance of ADLs would help to improve daily physical activity levels for Veterans with knee OA. New protocols for testing exoskeleton technologies for ambulation and ADLs and knee OA-specific guidelines for clinicians and users will be delivered.

PI_NAMEs: CARDOZO, CHRISTOPHER P (contact);DING, DAN ;SPUNGEN, ANN MICHELE

PROJECT_TERMS: active duty;Activities of Daily Living;addiction;Address;adduct;Adult;Age;Analgesics;Articular Range of Motion;Biomechanics;Canada;Clinic;Clinical Trials;combat;compare effectiveness;Degenerative polyarthritis;design;Development;Devices;disability;Disease Progression;Evaluation;exoskeleton;exoskeleton device;experience;Floor;foot;Gait;Guidelines;Health;Health system;Healthcare Systems;Human Engineering;Impairment;improved;improved mobility;Individual;injured;Intake;International;Interruption;Intervention;joint loading;Knee;Knee Osteoarthritis;knee pain;knee replacement arthroplasty;Knowledge;Laboratories;Laboratory Research;Laboratory Study;Length;life span;Life Style;Longevity;Marketing;Mechanics;Medical;Medical center;Mental Depression;Military Personnel;Mobility decline;motor impairment;Muscle;neurological rehabilitation;Obesity;Operative Surgical Procedures;Opioid;Outcome;Pain;Pain management;pain perception;pain reduction;Participant;Patients;Performance;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phase;Physical activity;Physical Performance;Physical therapy;Population;powered exoskeleton;Protocols documentation;Publishing;Quality of life;Quebec;Questionnaires;Recommendation;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;response;Retrieval;robot exoskeleton;satisfaction;Sensory impairment;Severities;Site;Socialization;Societies;Stress;Symptoms;System;Technology;Testing;trend;United States;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;United States Food and Drug Administration;usability;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration;Waiting Lists;Walking;walking speed;weight loss program;Weight maintenance regimen;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Design Improvements and Evaluation of a Knee Stress-Relief Powered Exoskeleton for Veterans with Knee Osteoarthritis

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Rehabilitation Engineering & Prosthetics/Orthotics [RRD5]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

ORG_CITY: WEST LAFAYETTE

ORG_DEPT: CHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: PURDUE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: IN

PHR: Project Narrative The goal is to identify and validate molecular targeted therapies and small molecule inhibitor for treating patients with highly aggressive prostate cancer with minimal collateral toxicity. Our research is also expected to assist in designing interventions for patients susceptible to developing prostate tumors following castration therapy.

PI_NAMEs: RATLIFF, TIMOTHY L. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BERA, TAPAN K

PROJECT_TERMS: androgen deprivation therapy;androgen independent prostate cancer;Androgen Receptor;Androgens;Automobile Driving;Biogenesis;Cancer Etiology;Cancer Patient;Castration;Cell Line;Cells;Cessation of life;Chemicals;Clinical;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;cohort;Critical Pathways;Data;Disease;Disease Progression;drug candidate;Drug resistance;Drug Targeting;efficacy evaluation;Engineering;enzalutamide;Feedback;Genetic;Goals;improved;in vivo;inhibitor;innovation;knock-down;Knock-out;Legal patent;Link;Malignant neoplasm of prostate;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;men;Molecular;molecular targeted therapies;mouse model;Mus;Neoplasm Metastasis;novel;Nuclear Translocation;Null Lymphocytes;Pathogenesis;Pathway interactions;patient derived xenograft model;Patients;Phosphorylation;Phosphotransferases;PIK3CG gene;pre-clinical;predictive marker;Predisposition;prevent;Prostate;prostate cancer cell;prostate cancer cell line;prostate cancer progression;Prostate Cancer therapy;Prostatic Neoplasms;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;PTEN gene;Publishing;receptor;Receptor Signaling;Research;Resistance;response;Ribosomes;RNA Splicing;Role;Signal Transduction;small molecule inhibitor;Specimen;Testing;Therapeutic Index;therapeutic target;therapy design;Tissues;tool;Toxic effect;tumorigenesis;ubiquitin-protein ligase;Up-Regulation;Validation;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting Drug-Resistant Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer via LIMK2

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Mechanisms of Cancer Therapeutics - 2 Study Section[MCT2]


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD)

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: Narrative: The computational methodologies we develop will be applicable to a broad set of metalloen- zymes and proteins of biomedical relevance. In particular, we target fundamental mechanistic problems in enzymes that catalyze nucleic acids synthesis/modiﬁcation and lipid metabolism, since mutations in these en- zymes are implicated in numerous human diseases such as cancer, insulin resistance and diabetes. Although our project does not focus on design of drugs, the mechanistic insights into enzyme catalysis and allosteric regulation will broaden strategies that can be used to target various enzymes of biomedical signiﬁcance.

PI_NAMEs: CUI, QIANG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SIMONOVIC, MILJAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Active Sites;Allosteric Regulation;Catalysis;Chemicals;Computer Analysis;computerized tools;Computing Methodologies;Coupled;Coupling;Crystallography;design;Diabetes Mellitus;Directed Molecular Evolution;Distal;Drug Design;enzyme mechanism;Enzymes;Equilibrium;Event;Free Energy;human disease;insight;Insulin Resistance;Ions;Knowledge;lipid metabolism;Machine Learning;Malignant Neoplasms;Membrane;metalloenzyme;Metals;method development;Modernization;Modification;Molecular Conformation;Mutation;mutation screening;Nature;novel;Nucleic Acids;Penetration;Peripheral;Positioning Attribute;Process;Proteins;Reaction;recruit;Regulation;Research;Sampling;Specificity;Speed;Techniques;Time;transcription factor;Water

PROJECT_TITLE: Computational Analysis of Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-CB-V(55)R]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Building Research Capacity at Institutions with Limited NIH Funding;Cardiovascular;Dietary Supplements;Heart Disease;Nutrition;Precision Medicine

ORG_CITY: HONOLULU

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA

ORG_STATE: HI

PI_NAMEs: SHIMADA, BRIANA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KOVBASNJUK, OLGA NIKOLAEVNA

PROJECT_TERMS: Atherosclerosis;Cardiac;Cardiac Myocytes;Cardiometabolic Disease;cardiometabolic risk;Cardiovascular Diseases;Consumption;Diet;dietary;Dietary Selenium;Diglycerides;Environment;Enzymes;experimental study;Exposure to;Fructose;glutathione peroxidase;Health;Heart;heart function;Homeostasis;Human;improved;Insulin Resistance;Lipids;Liver;Metabolism;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Nutritional;Oxidation-Reduction;Oxidative Stress;Physiology;precision nutrition;Reaction;Reactive Oxygen Species;Recommendation;Recycling;response;Role;Selenium;selenium deficiency;selenocysteine lyase;selenoprotein;Source;Supplementation;therapeutic nanoparticles;thioredoxin reductase 1;Tissues;Triglycerides

PROJECT_TITLE: Selenium Metabolism in the Heart: Impact of High Fructose and Low Selenium


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Cancer;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Prostate Cancer;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human;Urologic Diseases

ORG_CITY: SANTA CRUZ

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: Project Narrative  Prostatitis can facilitate the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. By studying the molecular mechanisms regulating basal cell plasticity in prostatitis, this proposal will deepen our understanding of the mechanism linking prostatitis to prostate cancer and positively impact prostate cancer prevention.

PI_NAMEs: WANG, ZHU  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HILDESHEIM, JEFFREY

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Address;Adult;Affect;Age;Androgen Receptor;Androgens;Anthelmintics;Antibiotics;Bacterial Prostatitis;Basal Cell;beta catenin;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Bioinformatics;Biological Assay;cancer initiation;Cancer Prevention Intervention;carcinogenesis;cell behavior;Cell Lineage;Cells;ChIP-seq;Ciprofloxacin;Clinical;combinatorial;cytokine;Data;Development;druggable target;Early Intervention;effectiveness evaluation;Environment;Epidemiology;epidemiology study;Epithelium;FDA approved;Fibroblasts;Gastrointestinal tract structure;Genes;Goals;Growth Factor;Health;Homeostasis;Human;in vivo;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Infiltrate;injury and repair;insight;Intervention;Knowledge;Ligands;Link;Malignant neoplasm of prostate;Malignant Neoplasms;men;Mismatch Repair;Modeling;Molecular;mouse genetics;mouse model;Mus;Mutation;novel;Oncogenic;Organ;Organogenesis;Organoids;Outcome;Outcomes Research;Pathologic;pharmacologic;Play;Population;postnatal development;prevent;Process;Prostate;prostate cancer model;prostate cancer prevention;prostate cancer progression;prostatitis;receptor expression;Receptor Signaling;Regulation;Reporter;Repression;Research;response;Role;Saline;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;stem;stem cell expansion;stem cells;Stromal Cells;System;Testing;tissue stem cells;tumor progression;Urinary tract;Uropathogenic E. coli;WNT Signaling Pathway

PROJECT_TITLE: Regulation of prostate epithelial basal cell plasticity

STUDY_SECTION: ICI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Intercellular Interactions Study Section[ICI]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Clinical Research;Emergency Care;Health Services;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Pediatric;Telehealth

ORG_CITY: BALTIMORE

ORG_DEPT: ENGINEERING (ALL TYPES)

ORG_NAME: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MD

PHR: Stethoscopes are valuable tools for clinical diagnosis of respiratory infections; though, they remain limited by a number of issues including subjectivity, inter-listener variability, need for advanced medical expertise as well as vulnerability to ambient noise that can mask lung sounds of interest. The current project develops technology employing novel sensing materials augmented with artificial intelligence analytics to provide unique surround sound access to adventitious sounds from the lungs.

PI_NAMEs: ELHILALI, MOUNYA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GAN, WEINIU

PROJECT_TERMS: Accident and Emergency department;accurate diagnosis;Acoustics;Address;Affect;Air;Air Movements;Alveolus;Ambulances;Anatomy;Architecture;Artificial Intelligence;Artificial Intelligence enhanced;Auscultation;Biological Markers;Blood Tests;Breathing;Case Management;Case/Control Studies;Categories;Chest;Childhood;Clinic;Clinical;clinical biomarkers;Clinical Data;clinical diagnosis;clinical examination;clinical practice;Communities;community clinic;Complement;Complex;Consumption;cost;deep learning;design;Devices;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;diagnostic value;Ear;electric impedance;Elements;Engineering;Environment;field study;frontier;Goals;Hand;Head;Health;Health Personnel;Heart;Home;Hospitals;Image;Imaging Device;imaging modality;improved;Inflammation;innovation;interest;Interobserver Variability;invention;Judgment;Location;Lower Respiratory Tract Infection;Lung;lung imaging;Lung infections;Machine Learning;Masks;Medical;medical attention;Modality;Monitor;Mucous body substance;new technology;Noise;novel;Nursing Staff;Obstruction;Outcome;Oxygen saturation measurement;Patients;Pattern;pediatric emergency;Physicians;Pneumonia;point of care;Positioning Attribute;Public Health;Radiation;recurrent neural network;Resources;Respiratory Diaphragm;respiratory health;Respiratory Sounds;Respiratory System;Respiratory Tract Infections;Roentgen Rays;Scheme;screening;sensor;Signal Transduction;Skin;sound;Source;standard care;Standardization;Stethoscopes;Techniques;Technology;Telemedicine;Testing;Thoracic Radiography;Time;tool;Training;transmission process;Travel;treatment strategy;Triage;ultrasound;usability;virtual;Visualization;wearable device

PROJECT_TITLE: SCH: Smart Auscultation for Pulmonary Diagnostics and Imaging

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-VH-N(50)R]


ORG_CITY: IOWA CITY

ORG_NAME: IOWA CITY VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: IA

PHR: Antimicrobial use is the strongest risk factor for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, and nearly half of Veterans are prescribed an antimicrobial while hospitalized. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) can minimize unnecessary antimicrobial use and are thus an essential tool for addressing the crisis of antimicrobial resistance. The VHA has mandated that every hospital have an ASP, but ASPs lack a globally accepted metric to assess their effectiveness. A metric developed by the CDC, known as the Standardized Antimicrobial Administration Ratio (SAAR), is being widely used both in and outside VHA, but it is not known whether the SAAR is valid. This proposal will evaluate the validity of the SAAR and three new metrics our team has created. The goal is to develop accurate and reliable metrics that can be used to evaluate ASP success and, in turn, improve antimicrobial prescribing for Veterans.

PI_NAMEs: GOTO, MICHIHIKO ;LIVORSI, DANIEL  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: acute care;Address;Advisory Committees;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;Antimicrobial Resistance;Bacteria;Beds;Case Mixes;Consensus;dashboard;Data;data integration;Development;Disease;Educational process of instructing;Effectiveness;emerging antimicrobial resistance;Exercise;Feedback;Focus Groups;Future;Goals;Health Policy;Healthcare;Hospital Administration;hospital care;hospital performance;Hospitalization;Hospitals;Human;improved;innovation;Inpatients;Interview;Knowledge;Length of Stay;Location;Mathematics;Measures;Methodology;Methods;novel;patient safety;Patients;Performance;Process;programs;Public Health;Qualitative Methods;Quality of Care;real world application;Recommendation;Reporting;Research;response;Risk;Risk Adjustment;Risk Factors;Role;Safety;Site;Standardization;Structure;success;Surveys;Techniques;tool;Validation;Variant;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Development, Validation and Real-World Application of Comprehensive Metrics to Improve Hospitals' Antibiotic Prescribing

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HSR-5 Health Care System Organization and Delivery and Women's Health[HSR5]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MD

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Prevention;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse;Tobacco;Tobacco Smoke and Health

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Smoking rates remain disproportionally high in Chinese immigrants particularly among males, despite the availability of evidence-based smoking cessation treatment services targeting Chinese Americans. WeChat, the most popular social media platform among Chinese globally, is fully integrated into the daily lives of Chinese and thereby can be a powerful tool to disseminate health messages and promote healthy behavior changes. This K01 project will explore the use of WeChat to deliver a culturally adapted cessation intervention and will provide important feasibility and initial efficacy data to inform future larger trials that use social media approach for smoking cessation treatment among disadvantaged populations including Chinese immigrants.

PI_NAMEs: JIANG, NAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MARTIN, IMAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Abstinence;acceptability and feasibility;Area;arm;Awareness;barrier to care;behavior change;Biochemical;Carbon Monoxide;Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.);Chinese;Chinese American;Chinese population;Chronic disability;Chronic Disease;Clinical Trials;culturally appropriate intervention;Data;design;Disparity;Disparity population;Educational workshop;Effectiveness;Effectiveness of Interventions;Environment;evidence base;experience;flyer;Focus Groups;former smoker;Foundations;Funding;Future;Goals;Grant;Health;health communication;health disparity;Immigrant;innovation;Intention;Intervention;intervention participants;Interview;Knowledge;Libraries;Linguistics;Link;low health literacy;male;men;Mentors;Mentorship;Methods;mHealth;mobile computing;multidisciplinary;National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities;New York City;Paper;Participant;pedagogical content;Pilot Projects;pilot test;Population;post intervention;Prevalence;Procedures;programs;prototype;Randomized, Controlled Trials;reduce tobacco use;Research;Research Activity;Resources;Sampling;satisfaction;Scholarship;Services;Site;skills;Smoke;Smoker;Smoking;smoking cessation;Smoking Cessation Intervention;Social Environment;social media;social norm;Solid;Source;Structure;symposium;System;Testing;Text Messaging;theories;Time;Tobacco;tobacco control;tool;Training;Training Activity;treatment arm;treatment effect;treatment services;usability;webinar;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Feasibility and Preliminary Effectiveness of a WeChat-based Smoking Cessation Intervention Targeting Chinese Immigrant Smokers


ED_INST_TYPE: GRADUATE SCHOOLS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Diabetes;Dissemination and Implementation Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Mental Health;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Patient Safety;Prevention;Primary Health Care;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Telehealth

ORG_CITY: SAN DIEGO

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative The proposed trial, Latinos Understanding the Need for Adherence in Diabetes using Care Coordination, Integrated Medical and Behavioral Care and E Health (“LUNA-E”), will address health disparities in diabetes care and outcomes for primarily Spanish-speaking, Mexican-born US Hispanics/Latinos receiving care for type 2 diabetes mellitus at San Ysidro Health (SYH), a federally qualified community health center (FQHC) near the US-Mexico border. The study will help advance our understanding of optimal approaches to diabetes healthcare services in a large, growing, US population at high risk for diabetes and related complications. If shown effective, LUNA-E has high potential for broad scaling and dissemination due to its community partnered approach, use of technology, and implementation within a large, exemplar FQHC environment.

PI_NAMEs: GALLO, LINDA C;TALAVERA, GREGORY A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SOLIS SANABRIA, CAROLINA VANESSA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adherence;Adult;Affect;anxiety symptoms;arm;Behavior;behavior change;Behavioral;behavioral health;Blood Pressure;care coordination;care delivery;Caring;Chronic Care;chronic care model;Clinic;Clinical;clinical decision support;cohort;Collaborations;Communication;Communities;community based participatory research;community engaged approach;community partnership;comorbidity;dashboard;depressive symptoms;diabetes control;Diabetes Mellitus;diabetes risk;diabetes self-management;Disadvantaged minority;Disparity;Distress;Early Intervention;Education;Educational Curriculum;Effectiveness;Effectiveness of Interventions;effectiveness testing;eHealth;Electronic Health Record;Environment;ethnic minority;evidence base;experience;Federally Qualified Health Center;glycemic control;Glycosylated hemoglobin A;Health;health care delivery;health care model;health care service;health communication;health disparity;Health education;Health Personnel;Health Promotion;Health Resources;health training;Healthcare;high risk;Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos;Hispanic Populations;Immigrant;improved;innovation;Insulin;integrated care;Intervention;Knowledge;Latino;Latino Population;Lipids;Managed Care;Measures;Mediating;Mediator;Medical;Medical Care Team;medication compliance;member;Methods;Mexican;Mexico;minority communities;Modeling;Neighborhood Health Center;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Outcome;Participant;patient centered medical home;patient health information;patient oriented;patient portal;Patients;Population;Prevalence;Primary Care;primary care provider;primary health center;primary outcome;Process;process evaluation;programs;psychological distress;psychosocial;Public Health;Qualifying;Quasi-experiment;racial minority;Randomized;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance;recruit;Research;resource guides;Resources;Rest;Risk;Risk Factors;Role;Self Care;Self Management;Service delivery model;socioeconomic disadvantage;Spanish;standard of care;Structure;Target Populations;Technology;Testing;Training;treatment arm;treatment as usual;trend;Trust;Universities;Visit

PROJECT_TITLE: Latinos Understanding the Need for Adherence in Diabetes using Care Coordination, Integrated Medical and Behavioral Care and E-Health (LUNA-E)

STUDY_SECTION: CLHP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Community-Level Health Promotion Study Section[CLHP]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DC

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DEAFNESS AND OTHER COMMUNICATION DISORDERS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSCIENCES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The establishment of highly precise neuronal connectivity during development is required for the proper functioning of the nervous system. For example, genetic disruptions affecting the development of the olfactory system in Kallmann or in CHARGE Syndromes, profoundly and permanently disrupt olfactory function. Our goal in this project is to develop and use new technology that will allow us to characterize the cells that growing olfactory sensory neurons interact with as they navigate to their targets in the brain.

PI_NAMEs: RAPER, JONATHAN A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SULLIVAN, SUSAN L

PROJECT_TERMS: Adhesives;Affect;Axon;Binding;Biological;Biological Models;Brain;Categories;CD19 gene;Cell Communication;Cell Physiology;Cell surface;Cells;Central Nervous System;CHARGE syndrome;Complex;Contact Tracing;Cues;Cytoplasm;design;detection platform;Development;Developmental Process;Diffuse Pattern;Embryo;Engineering;Environment;Fertilization;Fishes;Gene Transfer Techniques;Generations;Genes;Genetic;Goals;Green Fluorescent Proteins;Heat-Shock Response;Home;imaging properties;improved;in vivo;interest;Label;Ligand Binding;Ligands;Light;Location;Maps;Methodology;Methods;Microscopy;migration;Muscle fasciculation;Nervous System;Nervous System Physiology;neural;Neuroglia;Neurons;Neuropil;new technology;notch protein;Odorant Receptors;Odors;olfactory bulb;Olfactory Epithelium;Olfactory Pathways;olfactory sensory neurons;Optics;Organism;Pathway interactions;Play;postsynaptic;presynaptic;Process;promoter;protein aminoacid sequence;protein biomarkers;receptor;red fluorescent protein;Reporter;Role;segregation;Sensory;Signal Transduction;Sorting;Speed;Surface;Synapses;System;Testing;Time;tool;Touch sensation;Transcription Coactivator;Transfection;transgene expression;Visualization;Zebrafish

PROJECT_TITLE: Detecting cell to cell contacts in zebrafish with a synthetic receptor methodology

STUDY_SECTION: NIC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neuroscience of Interoception and Chemosensation Study Section[NIC]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Genetics;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: HOUSTON

ORG_NAME: BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE It has historically been very hard to perform measurements and experiments on the adult cochlea, as it is a structure of extreme mechanical sensitivity and delicacy, contains relatively small numbers of cells, and is encased in the strongest bone in the body. This proposal seeks to overcome these limitations by using a new technique, MERFISH to directly measure the expression of genes in the different cell types of the cochlea. This technique may shed light on how the cochlea is able to respond to different sound frequencies, and how different regions of the cochlea respond to injury and age-related degeneration.

PI_NAMEs: GROVES, ANDREW K (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FREEMAN, NANCY

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Age;age related;Aging;Ammonium Sulfate;Apical;base;Basilar Membrane;bone;Brain;Buffers;Cell Separation;Cell Size;cell type;Cells;Cellular Morphology;Cochlea;cochlear development;college;Communities;Cryoultramicrotomy;Data;Decalcification;design;Development;Developmental Gene;differential expression;Electrophysiology (science);Equilibrium;experimental study;feasibility testing;Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization;Frequencies;Gene Expression;Gene Structure;Genes;Goals;Hair Cells;Hearing;Histologic;Imaging Techniques;Injury;instrument;Length;Measurement;Measures;Mechanics;Medicine;Messenger RNA;Methods;mineralization;Molecular;mRNA Transcript Degradation;Mus;Neonatal;neonatal mice;Neurons;noise exposure;old mice;Organ;Organ of Corti;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Physiologic Ossification;Physiology;Preparation;preservation;Property;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;Protocols documentation;Research Personnel;Resolution;Retina;RNA Splicing;Sensory;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;sound frequency;spiral ganglion;Structure;Supporting Cell;Techniques;Temporal bone structure;Testing;Tissues;Transcript

PROJECT_TITLE: Optimizing MERFISH to allow multiplexed measurement of developmental and tonotopicgene expression gradients in the cochlea

STUDY_SECTION: AUD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Auditory System Study Section[AUD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AR

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Neurofibromatosis;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Rare Diseases;Regenerative Medicine;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Non-Human

ORG_DEPT: ORTHOPEDICS

PHR: Project Narrative Despite progress in our understanding of the altered signaling pathways triggered by NF1 mutations in bone-forming cells, recalcitrant bone healing in children with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) remains a challenging orthopedic condition for which no targeted treatment exists. In this proposal, we will investigate the feasibility of selectively clearing the abnormal NF1- mutated bone cells, based on their putative sensitivity to senolytics, to promote bone union and improve the musculoskeletal deficiencies associated with NF1.

PI_NAMEs: ELEFTERIOU, FLORENT  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHEN, FAYE H

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Affect;Alkaline Phosphatase;Amputation;Behavior;bone;bone cell;bone fragility;bone healing;bone mass;Bone Regeneration;bone repair;Bystander Effect;Cancer Etiology;Cell Lineage;cell suicide;Cells;Child;Chondrocytes;Chronic;Clinical Management;clinically relevant;Compensation;cost;Data Set;Defect;Diphosphates;Disease;Etiology;Exhibits;Exposure to;Fracture;Genetic Induction;healing;Homeostasis;Implant;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Induced Mutation;Leg;loss of function;Macrophage;Malignant - descriptor;Malignant Neoplasms;mechanical properties;Mesenchymal;Mesenchymal Stem Cells;Modeling;mouse model;Mus;Muscle;Muscle Cells;muscle form;Muscle function;Muscle Weakness;Muscular Atrophy;muscular structure;muscular system;Musculoskeletal;Mutate;Mutation;Myoblasts;Natural regeneration;Neurofibromatosis 1;NF1 gene;Orthopedics;Osteoblasts;Osteoclasts;Osteogenesis;osteogenic;osteoprogenitor cell;Pain;paracrine;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Phenotype;Physiologic calcification;Population;Predisposition;prevent;Preventive treatment;Process;Proliferating;Property;Pseudarthrosis;Quality of life;reduced muscle mass;Refractory;repair function;Repeat Surgery;Replacement Therapy;Reporting;Research;RNA;senescence;senescence associated secretory phenotype;senolytics;Series;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Skeletal system;Skeleton;Somatic Mutation;targeted treatment;Therapeutic;therapeutic target;tibia;Tissues;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Etiology of musculoskeletal maladies in NF1

STUDY_SECTION: SBDD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Skeletal Biology Development and Disease Study Section[SBDD]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY

ORG_CITY: AMHERST

ORG_DEPT: PHARMACOLOGY

ORG_NAME: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed project is relevant to public health because it focuses on elucidating the role of a novel uptake transporter in mediating cellular accumulation of a cisplatin metabolite, which will enlighten how this metabolite promotes hearing loss. Once such knowledge is clarified, there is the potential significance to reduce cisplatin- induced ototoxicity by targeting transporters that regulate this process. Thus, the proposed research is relevant to part of the NIDCD mission that pertains to prevention of hearing loss and communication disorders.

PI_NAMEs: SPROWL, JASON A (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acetylcysteine;Address;Adverse event;Antineoplastic Agents;Bilateral Hearing Loss;cancer therapy;Candidate Disease Gene;Cell Death;Cell Line;Cells;Child Development;childhood cancer survivor;Cimetidine;Cisplatin;cisplatin induced hearing loss;Cochlea;Communication impairment;cytotoxic;cytotoxicity;Dose Limiting;Drug Kinetics;Economics;experience;Frequencies;Gene Modified;Genetic;genetic variant;genome wide association study;Goals;Hair Cells;hearing impairment;Hearing Tests;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;in vitro Model;in vivo;inhibitor;innovation;insight;interpatient variability;Knowledge;Lead;Literature;Measures;Mediating;MEL Gene;Membrane Transport Proteins;Mission;mouse model;Mus;Music;National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders;Neurocognitive;novel;Organ of Corti;ototoxicity;overexpression;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacogenomics;pharmacologic;Platinum;Positioning Attribute;prevent;prevent hearing loss;Preventive measure;Process;protective effect;Public Health;Quality of life;Reporting;Research;Role;Severities;social;social integration;Speech;Speech Development;Testing;therapeutic development;therapeutic target;therapy outcome;Treatment outcome;uptake;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Role of MCT6 in mediating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity

STUDY_SECTION: XNDA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Xenobiotic and Nutrient Disposition and Action Study Section[XNDA]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cardiovascular;Heart Disease;Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease;Hypertension

ORG_CITY: DUARTE

ORG_NAME: BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE

PHR: Project Narrative  Hypertensive and ischemic heart diseases represent two major risk factors of heart failure. Pathological cardiac remodeling under these disease conditions involves adverse alterations at various levels. Studies laid out here will dissect the contribution of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in the heart in pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure, which will provide new insights of our understanding for the underlying pathophysiology and shed light on novel therapeutic approaches.

PI_NAMEs: WANG, ZHAO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SCHWARTZ, LISA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Affect;Anabolism;Antineoplastic Agents;Arteries;Aspartate;Biological Assay;blood pressure elevation;Carbamyl Phosphate;Cardiac;Cardiac Myocytes;Cardiomyopathies;cardioprotection;Cell Death;Cessation of life;Clinical;clinical practice;Compensation;Coronary;Coronary artery;coronary artery occlusion;Coupling;Data;Death Rate;design;Development;Dihydroorotase;Disease;Drug Targeting;Electrophysiology (science);enzyme pathway;Enzymes;Epidemic;experimental study;Functional disorder;Future;gain of function;Genetically Engineered Mouse;Goals;Growth;Healthcare Systems;Heart;Heart Arrest;heart damage;Heart Diseases;Heart failure;heart function;Heart Hypertrophy;Heart Injuries;Hypertension;hypertensive;hypertensive heart disease;In Vitro;in vivo;in vivo evaluation;Infarction;inhibitor;Injury;insight;interest;Ischemia;ischemic injury;Knock-out;Knowledge;Legal patent;Ligase;loss of function;Metabolic;Metabolic Pathway;metabolomics;Molecular;Molecular Analysis;mouse model;Muscle Cells;myocardial damage;Myocardial Infarction;Myocardial Ischemia;N phosphonoacetyl L aspartate;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;overexpression;Pathologic;Pathway interactions;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Physiological;pilot test;Post-Translational Protein Processing;pressure;Production;Public Health;Pump;Pyrimidine;Rattus;Reaction;Recovery;Reperfusion Injury;Reperfusion Therapy;response;restoration;Risk Factors;Role;Route;Signal Pathway;Stress;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutically effective;transcarbamylase;Vascular blood supply;Ventricular

PROJECT_TITLE: Role of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis in pathological cardiac remodeling

STUDY_SECTION: MPPA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Integrative Myocardial Physiology/Pathophysiology A Study Section [MPPA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DE

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF DENTISTRY/ORAL HYGN

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Congenital Structural Anomalies;Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Disease;Genetics;Osteoporosis;Pediatric;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human

ORG_CITY: ANN ARBOR

ORG_DEPT: DENTISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR

PHR: Public Health Relevance. This project is relevant to public health because it will describe an important new mechanism of skull and bone formation involving activation of skeletal progenitor cells by the extracellular matrix niche via 2 collagen receptors, discoidin domain receptor 2 and β1 integrins; this niche is altered in many disease states including osteoporosis and diabetes. By describing a new pathway for bone formation, this project will provide possible routes for enhancing skeletal regeneration and repair. Thus, this project in relevant to the NICDR’s mission of supporting basic research to improve craniofacial health.

PI_NAMEs: FRANCESCHI, RENNY THEODORE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WAN, JASON

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Agonist;Anabolic Agents;Area;Basic Science;Binding;bone;bone cell;Bone Development;Bone Diseases;Bone Formation Stimulation;Bone Growth;bone mass;Bone Regeneration;Bone Surface;Cartilage;Cell Differentiation process;Cell Lineage;Cell Physiology;Cells;Cephalic;Chondrocytes;Collagen;Collagen Receptors;conditional knockout;cortical bone;craniofacial;Craniofacial Abnormalities;craniofacial development;cranium;Data;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;discoidin domain receptor 2;Disease;Dysplasia;Endosteum;Epiphysial cartilage;experimental study;Extracellular Matrix;Face;Fibrillar Collagen;Gene Expression Profile;Genes;genetic approach;Growth;Health;Human;Immunofluorescence Immunologic;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;insight;Integrins;Joint structure of suture of skull;Knock-out;LacZ Genes;Limb structure;long bone;Mature Bone;Mission;Molecular Profiling;Mus;Mutation;novel;osteoblast differentiation;Osteoblasts;Osteogenesis;osteogenic;Osteoporosis;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Peptides;Periosteum;Phenotype;Population;Public Health;public health relevance;repaired;Rest;Role;Route;Shapes;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;skeletal;skeletal abnormality;Skeletal Development;skeletal regeneration;skeletal stem cell;Skeleton;skull abnormality;skull base;Structure of fontanel of skull;substantia spongiosa;suture fusion;synergism;Testing;Time;triple helix

PROJECT_TITLE: Discoidin Domain Receptor 2, β1 Integrins and ECM Control of Bone Formation


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Maternal Health;Maternal Morbidity and Mortality;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Prevention;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

ORG_NAME: DREXEL UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Considering that there are 100 cases of maternal morbidity for every maternal death in the US, addressing the rising rates and racial/ethnic disparities in maternal morbidity across the peripartum period has critical implications for improving the short- and long-term health of women of color. Achieving the dual goals of this study, to build the evidence base on neighborhood context as a determinant of racial/ethnic disparities in peripartum maternal morbidity and contextualize that evidence within the complex system of interrelationships with other multilevel determinants of these outcomes, will support the development of innovative interventions to eliminate racial/ethnic disparities in peripartum morbidity. This has significant implications for both improving the long-term health of women of color and reducing rates of maternal mortality in the US.

PI_NAMEs: HEADEN, IRENE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PICHARDO, CATHERINE MELISSA

PROJECT_TERMS: access disparities;Address;Automobile Driving;base;Birth;Birth Records;black women;built environment;career;child bearing;Child Care;Child Health;Childbirth;Complex;Crime;Data;Death Rate;deprivation;Development;Diagnosis;disparity elimination;dynamic system;Ecosystem;effective intervention;ethnic disparity;evidence base;experience;Exposure to;Family health status;Feedback;Food Access;geographic disparity;Geography;Gestational Diabetes;gestational weight gain;Goals;Health;health care availability;health disparity;Health Food;Health Services Accessibility;high risk;hospital readmission;Hospitals;improved;Individual;Infant Health;innovation;Intervention;Joints;Life;Link;Literature;Maps;Maternal Health;maternal morbidity;Maternal Mortality;Measures;Mentors;Methodology;Methods;models and simulation;Morbidity - disease rate;Neighborhoods;Outcome;Patients;Perinatal;Philadelphia;Physical environment;Policies;population health;postpartum morbidity;Postpartum Period;Pregnancy;pregnancy hypertension;Procedures;programs;Provider;Public Health;Race;racial determinant;racial disparity;Records;Recreation;Research;Research Personnel;residential segregation;Resources;Risk;Risk Factors;Role;Safety;Science;Services;severe maternal morbidity;Shapes;social;social cohesion;social deficits;Social Environment;social structure;socioeconomics;statistics;Structural Racism;Structure;success;Sustainable Development;System;Testing;Training;Training Activity;Translating;Translations;Visual;Visualization;walkability;White Women;Woman;women of color;Women's Health

PROJECT_TITLE: Systems Science Approaches to Understand Neighborhood Opportunity and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Maternal Morbidity


FUNDING_MECHANISM: SBIR-STTR RPGS

ORG_CITY: Austin

ORG_NAME: ALLEVIANT MEDICAL, INC.

PHR: NARRATIVE Chronic heart failure is a chronic and progressive condition that currently affects over 6 million patients in the US and poses a major public health burden. Symptoms of the disease are due, in large part, to elevated left atrial pressure, which results from failure of the heart to adequately eject blood from its main pumping chamber (left ventricle). We propose a novel, non-implant medical procedure to relieve left atrial pressure through use of a simple, low-risk, minimally invasive catheter to thereby reduce the symptoms and morbidity associated with heart failure.

PI_NAMEs: PATE, THOMAS DIFFLEY (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HALLER, JOHN WAYNE

PROJECT_TERMS: Adverse event;Affect;Age;aged;arm;associated symptom;Attention;biomaterial compatibility;Blood;Blood flow;Blood Vessels;Cardiac Catheterization Procedures;cardiac implant;Categories;Catheters;Chronic;Classification;Clinical;Clinical Data;Clinical Research;clinical risk;Clinical Trials;Coagulation Process;commercial launch;commercialization;Congestive Heart Failure;Controlled Clinical Trials;Data;Data Set;Death Rate;design;design verification;Devices;Disadvantaged;Disease;EFRAC;Equipment Malfunction;Excision;Exercise;failure Implantation;FDA approved;first-in-human;Foreign Bodies;Fracture;Funding;Future;Goals;Health Expenditures;Heart;Heart Atrium;heart circulation;Heart failure;hemodynamics;Hospitalization;Human;Implant;improved;Incidence;Intervention;Left;Left atrial structure;Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction;Left ventricular structure;Life;Lung;manufacture;manufacturing process;Marketing;Medical;Metals;Methodology;migration;minimally invasive;Modeling;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;New York;novel;operation;Outcome;patient population;patient prognosis;Patients;Performance;performance tests;pharmacologic;Phase;phase 2 designs;Population;portability;pre-clinical;preclinical study;preservation;pressure;Procedures;Process;product development;Program Development;Public Health;Pump;Qualifying;Quality of life;Randomized;Recording of previous events;reduce symptoms;Reporting;Right atrial structure;Risk;Risk Management;Safety;screening;Shunt Device;Signal Transduction;Site;Small Business Innovation Research Grant;stability testing;Statistical Data Interpretation;Stents;success;symptomatic improvement;Symptoms;System;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Embolization;Thrombus;Time;Training;Training Programs;Treatment Failure;United States National Institutes of Health;Validation;Walking;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Transcatheter Device for Congestive Heart Failure Treatment Through Left Atrial Decompression

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHL1 CSR-F (O1)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

ED_INST_TYPE: SCH ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONS

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Building Research Capacity at Institutions with Limited NIH Funding;Clinical Research;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Mental Health;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: ROCHESTER

ORG_DEPT: OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONS

ORG_NAME: OAKLAND UNIVERSITY

PHR: Though prematurity is well-known to influence child growth and development at individual, family, and community levels simultaneously, these factors have traditionally been studied individually rather than simultaneously. Together with a team of student scientists, this project will provide a clearer picture of complex pathways of preterm’s influence, help create clinical profiles of developmentally-at risk preterm babies, and identify caregiver-driven strategies that promote child growth and development

PI_NAMEs: SAKYI, KWAME SARFO (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WINER, KAREN

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Africa;Africa South of the Sahara;aged;Anxiety;Asia;Behavioral;Biological;Caregivers;Caring;Characteristics;Child;Child Development;Child Rearing;Cities;Clinic;Clinical;Collaborations;Communities;comparative;Complex;computer science;coping;Country;Data;Decision Trees;Development;Developmental Disabilities;deviant;early childhood;Environment;Event;experience;Face;Faculty;Family;feeding;Future;Ghana;global health;Goals;gradient boosting;graduate student;Growth;Growth and Development function;Health;health data;Health Sciences;high risk;Hospitals;Household;Impairment;improved;Individual;Infant;infant infection;Infant Malnutrition;infant temperament;Infection;infection rate;infection risk;innovation;Intervention;Interview;Knowledge;Leadership;Learning;lens;Life;Link;low and middle-income countries;Machine Learning;machine learning algorithm;machine learning method;machine learning prediction;Malnutrition;Maternal and Child Health;Maternal Health;Measures;Mediating;Medical Records;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Mentors;Methods;Modeling;multidisciplinary;Neighborhoods;Network-based;neural network;neurodevelopment;Outcome;Pathway interactions;physical conditioning;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Predisposition;premature;Premature Birth;Premature Infant;Problem Solving;Public Health;Public Hospitals;Qualitative Research;Questionnaires;random forest;Randomized, Controlled Trials;recruit;Research;Research Methodology;Research Personnel;Resource-limited setting;Resources;Risk;Sampling;Scientist;Screening procedure;skills;social;social culture;social factors;social stigma;Social support;Societies;sociodemographics;Statistical Models;Stigmatization;Stress;Students;Techniques;theories;tool;Training;undergraduate student;Universities;university student

PROJECT_TITLE: A multi-method, multi-domain approach to evaluating preterm's effect on child growth and development

STUDY_SECTION: RPPH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Reproductive, Perinatal and Pediatric Health Study Section[RPPH]


ADMINISTERING_IC: ES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Building Research Capacity at Institutions with Limited NIH Funding;Contraception/Reproduction;Endocrine Disruptors;Infertility

ORG_CITY: SOUTHFIELD

ORG_NAME: LAWRENCE TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic molecule ubiquitous in plastic-containing consumer products that has been repeatedly linked to a wide array of adverse health effects, including infertility. Recent evidence suggests that the analogs currently used to replace BPA pose similar health risks. This collaborative research project aims to identify BPA analogs that pose low or no risk to human reproductive health through the synthesis of novel bisphenols and the evaluation of their reproductive toxicity in the search for safer plastics.

PI_NAMEs: KUZMANOV, ALEKSANDRA  (contact);TIMMONS, SHANNON

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RAVICHANDRAN, LINGAMANAIDU V

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;analog;Apoptosis;Biological Assay;bisphenol A;building materials;Caenorhabditis elegans;Cells;Chemicals;Chromatography;Chromosomes;Clothing;Coitus;consumer product;Cosmetics;Couples;Data;Detergents;Developmental Disabilities;Disease;Electronics;Embryo;Endocrine;Endocrine disruption;Environment;Equipment;Evaluation;experience;exposed human population;Exposure to;Female;Food Packaging;Funding;Germ Cells;Goals;Gonadal Steroid Hormones;Growth and Development function;Health;High Pressure Liquid Chromatography;Hormone imbalance;Hormones;Human;improved;In Vitro;Incidence;Infertility;Ingestion;Inhalation;innovation;insight;Knowledge;Libraries;Link;male;Manufacturer;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Mediating;Medical Device;medical supply;Meiosis;model organism;Modification;Monitor;monomer;multidisciplinary;Natural Sciences;Nature;next generation;NMR Spectroscopy;novel;offspring;Oocytes;Outcome Study;Pathogenesis;Pharmacologic Substance;Phase;physical property;Plastics;Pregnancy loss;Process;Production;Property;Publishing;rapid test;reproductive;Reproductive Health;reproductive toxicity;Research;Research Activity;Research Project Grants;Risk;Route;Safety;Scientist;Skin;Steroid biosynthesis;Structure;Techniques;Technology;Tissues;Toxic effect;Toxicity Tests;Toxicology;Toxin;Training and Education;undergraduate student;Universities;virtual

PROJECT_TITLE: A Search for Safer Plastics: Synthesis and Reproductive Toxicity Evaluation of Novel Bisphenols

STUDY_SECTION: EDD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Environmental Determinants of Disease Study Section [EDD]


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

ED_INST_TYPE: HOSPITALS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Chronic Pain;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Pain Research;Peripheral Neuropathy

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Chronic pain and the addictive effects of opioids used to control pain are critical national health problems affecting millions of Americans. The proposed research is relevant and significant for public health and for the HEAL initiative in particular because we anticipate validating fibroblast-derived PI16 as a completely novel therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain that is unlikely to have addiction liability. This study will also advance our fundamental understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to chronic pain.

PI_NAMEs: SHEPHERD, ANDREW JOHN (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MOHAPATRA, DURGA PRASANNA

PROJECT_TERMS: abuse liability;Acceleration;addiction;addiction liability;Affect;American;Blood-Nerve Barrier;Brain;Central Nervous System;chronic pain;chronic pain management;Co-Immunoprecipitations;Conditioned Culture Media;Cyclic AMP;Data;Databases;Endothelium;Family;Female;Fibroblasts;Freund's Adjuvant;Gene Expression;Genetic;Health;Helping to End Addiction Long-term;Human;human tissue;Immunofluorescence Immunologic;In Vitro;in vitro Model;inflammatory pain;innovation;Laboratories;Leucocytic infiltrate;Leukocyte Trafficking;Leukocytes;male;Mass Spectrum Analysis;mechanical allodynia;Mediating;member;Meningeal;Meninges;Messenger RNA;migration;Modeling;Molecular;monocyte;mouse model;Mus;Myofibroblast;Nerve;nerve injury;Neuroglia;Neurons;Neuropathy;new therapeutic target;novel;Opioid;opioid use;overexpression;Paclitaxel;Pain;Pain management;pain model;painful neuropathy;Pathway interactions;Patients;Perineuriums;Peripheral Nerves;Permeability;prevent;Production;Protease Inhibitor;Proteins;Public Health;Regulation;Research;Resistance;Resolution;response;Role;Sampling;sciatic nerve;spared nerve;Spinal Cord;Spinal Ganglia;Testing;Tissues;Transcript;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Transforming Growth Factor beta;Validation;Vascular Permeabilities

PROJECT_TITLE: Validation of Fibroblast-Derived PI16 as a Novel Target for pain Treatment


ADMINISTERING_IC: DK

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES

ORG_CITY: RICHLAND

ORG_NAME: BATTELLE PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABORATORIES

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: Narrative Type 1 diabetes results from the loss of pancreatic beta cells due to an autoimmune destruction. Stopping the autoimmune response and preventing the beta cell loss is attractive for the development of therapies, but the bottleneck of this approach is the lack of validated biomarkers that can predict the autoimmunity onset and type 1 diabetes development. Here, we propose to systematically validate biomarker candidates and determine their relationship with disease development.

PI_NAMEs: METZ, THOMAS O;NAKAYASU, ERNESTO SATOSHI (contact);REWERS, MARIAN J;WEBB-ROBERTSON, BOBBIE-JO MARY

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SECHI, SALVATORE

PROJECT_TERMS: 15 year old;21 year old;Age;Antigen Presentation;Autoantibodies;autoimmune pathogenesis;Autoimmune Responses;Autoimmunity;Beta Cell;Biological Assay;Biological Markers;Biological Process;biomarker identification;biomarker panel;biomarker signature;biomarker validation;candidate marker;Case/Control Studies;Child;Clinical;clinical biomarkers;Coagulation Process;cohort;Complement;Cross-Sectional Studies;Data;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;Disease;endocrine pancreas development;Expectancy;Extracellular Matrix;follow-up;Individual;Inflammatory;Insulin;insulin dependent diabetes mellitus onset;Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;islet;islet autoimmunity;Knowledge;lipid metabolism;longitudinal analysis;Machine Learning;Measures;Metabolic Diseases;metabolomics;Monitor;Nested Case-Control Study;novel marker;Older Population;Participant;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Phase;Plasma;Play;predictive marker;prevent;preventive intervention;Process;progression marker;protein biomarkers;Proteins;Proteomics;Quality of life;Regulation;Risk;Role;Sampling;seroconversion;Signal Transduction;Single Nucleotide Polymorphism;Structure of beta Cell of islet;therapy development;Time;virome

PROJECT_TITLE: Systematic validation of biomarkers predictive of IA and T1D and their relationship with disease development

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZDK1 GRB-S (O3)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Anxiety Disorders;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Chronic Pain;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Opioids;Pain Research;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD);Prevention

ORG_CITY: CHAPEL HILL

ORG_DEPT: ANESTHESIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE/NARRATIVE For millions of Americans each year, a traumatic stress exposure (TSE) such as motor vehicle collision, sexual assault, or physical assault triggers two highly morbid overlapping developmental processes: the transition from acute to chronic pain and the transition from short-term to long-term opioid use/misuse. Current pain medications for individuals at high risk of chronic pain and opioid use in the early aftermath of TSE either do not decrease the risk of such transition or actually increase the risk. We will conduct the next critical steps in evaluating a highly promising new potential treatment target to decrease the transition from acute to chronic pain and the transition from short-term to long term opioid use/misuse, FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP51).

PI_NAMEs: LINNSTAEDT, SARAH  (contact);MCLEAN, SAMUEL A.

PROJECT_TERMS: abuse liability;Acute Pain;addiction;addiction liability;Adrenal Cortex Hormones;Adult;Adverse effects;Affect;Age;American;Analgesics;Animal Behavior;animal data;Animal Model;animal tissue;Animals;antagonist;Anxiety;Behavior;Behavioral;behavioral outcome;biological adaptation to stress;Biology;Budgets;Cardiac;Cardiotoxicity;care seeking;Caring;chronic pain;Clinical;cohort;comorbidity;Data;Development;Developmental Process;Dose;Emergency Care;Event;experience;experimental study;Exposure to;Feedback;Glucocorticoids;Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor;Health;Health Care Costs;high risk;Hormonal;Hour;Human;Hyperalgesia;Hypersensitivity;Individual;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;Injury;Interleukin-1 beta;Intervention;Laboratories;Literature;Mechanics;Mediating;Medical;Mental Depression;Modeling;mouse model;multidisciplinary;neuropsychiatric disorder;new therapeutic target;opioid misuse;opioid use;Pain;pain chronification;Pain Measurement;Patients;Peripheral;Pharmaceutical Preparations;physical assault;Physiological;Play;post-traumatic stress;Pre-Clinical Model;prescription opioid;prevent;Prevention;Preventive;Prospective Studies;Proteins;public health relevance;Recovery;Reporting;Research Personnel;Risk;Role;Safety;safety testing;Severities;sex;sexual assault;Signal Transduction;Spinal;Stress;Surgical incisions;Survivors;System;Tacrolimus Binding Proteins;therapeutic target;Time;tissue injury;Tissues;translational potential;Translational Research;traumatic stress;Vehicle crash;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: FKBP51 antagonism to prevent chronic pain: optimizing efficacy & evaluating safety and mechanisms


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Nutrition;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Prevention;Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI);Traumatic Head and Spine Injury

ORG_CITY: LEXINGTON

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY

ORG_STATE: KY

PHR: A significant way to reduce the overall burden of Alzheimer’s disease is to identify modifiable risk factors, which could be avoided or treated, that would slow or prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Traumatic brain injury is a well-established environmental risk factor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Completion of these studies will uncover the largely unexplored therapeutic approach of Beta hydroxybutyrate for individuals exposed to a traumatic brain injury to reduce the risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease.

PI_NAMEs: BACHSTETTER, ADAM D (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: AWWAD, HIBAH OMAR

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Acids;Address;Adult;Affinity;Age;Agonist;Agreement;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease risk;Amyloid beta-Protein;APP-PS1;Assisted Living Facilities;beta amyloid pathology;beta-Hydroxybutyrate;Binding;Bioenergetics;blood-brain barrier crossing;Brain;brain health;Bypass;Caloric Restriction;Chronic;Clinical;Closed head injuries;Cognitive;Cognitive deficits;Complex;Data;demented;Dementia;design;Development;Disease;Dose;efficacious intervention;Electron Transport;Energy Metabolism;Environmental Risk Factor;Epidemiology;Exercise;experience;Experimental Designs;experimental study;Exposure to;falls;Family member;Fasting;FDA approved;G-Protein-Coupled Receptors;Goals;Head;human old age (65+);immunoregulation;Implant;Incidence;Independent Living;Individual;Inflammasome;Inflammation;Injury;Interleukin-1 beta;Intervention;ketogenic diet;Ketone Bodies;Ketones;Knock-in Mouse;Knockout Mice;Life;Liver;loss of function;loved ones;Measures;medical attention;member;Microglia;mild traumatic brain injury;Mitochondria;mitochondrial dysfunction;modifiable risk;mouse model;multi-component intervention;Mus;neurodegenerative dementia;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuroinflammation;Neurologic;neuroprotection;Nicotinic Acids;Odds Ratio;older adult;Older Population;Oral Administration;Osmosis;Pathologic;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Population;Populations at Risk;Positron-Emission Tomography;pre-clinical;Predisposition;prevent;Property;Pump;Radiology Specialty;receptor;Receptor Activation;Recovery;Reporting;Risk;Risk Factors;Risk Reduction;Societies;Starvation;subcutaneous;System;TBI treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;translational approach;Traumatic Brain Injury;Work;young adult;β-amyloid burden

PROJECT_TITLE: Translational Approaches to Mitigate Enhanced Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Following a Mild TBI

STUDY_SECTION: CDIN

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Chronic Dysfunction and Integrative Neurodegeneration Study Section[CDIN]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Biotechnology;Brain Disorders;Cardiovascular;Cerebrovascular;Dementia;Genetics;Immunization;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Prevention;Stroke;Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID)

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: SCHEPENS EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is an inherited cause of stroke and vascular cognitive impairment, and dementia caused by mutations in Notch 3. This project proposes to optimize and validate a Notch 3 agonist antibody as a therapeutic for CADASIL.

PI_NAMEs: ARBOLEDA-VELASQUEZ, JOSEPH  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BOSHOFF, CHRIS

PROJECT_TERMS: Agonist;Amino Acids;Anatomy;Animal Model;Antibodies;Antibody Formation;Antigens;Area;Arterial Disorder;Arteries;Autopsy;autosome;Binding;Biological;Biological Availability;Biological Markers;Biometry;Blood;Blood - brain barrier anatomy;Blood Cell Count;Blood Vessels;blood-brain barrier crossing;Brain;Cell Death;Cell Line;cell preparation;Cell Survival;Cells;Cerebrum;Chemistry;Clinical;Collaborations;Complementarity Determining Regions;Computer Models;cross reactivity;Data;Development;dosage;Dose;Drug Kinetics;efficacy study;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Extracellular Domain;Eye;FDA approved;Framework Regions;General Hospitals;Genes;Goals;Histopathology;Human;human model;human monoclonal antibodies;human tissue;humanized antibody;Hypoxia;In Vitro;in vitro Assay;in vivo;in vivo evaluation;Individual;Inherited;Knockout Mice;Lead;Link;loss of function;Luciferases;Lung;manufacturability;manufacture;Mediating;Membrane;Microvascular Dysfunction;Modality;Monoclonal Antibodies;mouse model;murine antibody;Mus;Mutagenesis;Mutation;Neurologist;notch protein;NOTCH3 gene;novel;Penetration;Pericytes;Phase;Plasma;pre-clinical;preclinical development;preclinical efficacy;Preclinical Testing;Predisposition;preservation;prevent;Production;Proteins;Publishing;receptor;Reporter;Research Institute;Signal Transduction;Skeletal Muscle;Smooth Muscle Myocytes;stable cell line;Stroke;Subcortical Infarctions;Subcortical Leukoencephalopathy;subcutaneous;targeted treatment;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Tissue Microarray;Tissues;Toxic effect;Transgenic Mice;Vascular Cognitive Impairment;vascular cognitive impairment and dementia;Vascular Diseases;Vascular Smooth Muscle

PROJECT_TITLE: Humanization of a Notch 3 Agonist Antibody for Pre-Clinical Development of a CADASIL Treatment

STUDY_SECTION: NSD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neurological Sciences and Disorders A Study Section[NSD-A]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD);Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_NAME: MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER

ORG_STATE: MN

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Flortaucipir PET is widely utilized as a biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. However, there are many observations regarding flortaucipir PET that is unexplained, such as its uptake in other diseases, for example frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In this grant we will study flortaucipir PET behavior in a large autopsied cohort of Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration brains to better understand its biology.

PI_NAMEs: JOSEPHS, KEITH A (contact);WHITWELL, JENNIFER LOUISE

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SHEWMAKER, FRANK PAUL

PROJECT_TITLE: Flortaucipir PET and histopathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer’s disease


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Lewy Body Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Parkinson's Disease;Prevention

ORG_CITY: BIRMINGHAM

ORG_DEPT: NEUROLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM

ORG_STATE: AL

PHR: Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders that cause significant motor and cognitive disability with no current therapies that slow disease progression. In this proposal, we will investigate the role of Rab27b in the pathophysiology of these disorders. Our long-term goal is to establish whether Rab27b pathways may serve as therapeutic targets for PD and DLB.

PI_NAMEs: YACOUBIAN, TALENE ALENE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SARRAF, SHIREEN AKHAVAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;AGFG1 gene;alpha synuclein;Area;Autophagosome;Axon;Behavior;Binding;Biological Assay;Biological Process;Brain;Cells;Cognitive;cognitive disability;coronin protein;Data;Degradation Pathway;Dementia with Lewy Bodies;Development;Disease;Disease Progression;Dissociation;Distal;Docking;Endocytosis;Exocytosis;Exposure to;extracellular;Functional disorder;Future;Genes;Genetic;genetic risk factor;Goals;Human;Humulus;Impairment;improved;in vivo;Injections;Kinesin;Lewy Bodies;Lysosomes;Measures;Mediating;Membrane;Microfluidic Microchips;Modeling;Molecular;Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins;Motor;Motor disability;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neuroglia;neuron loss;Neurons;neuroprotection;overexpression;paracrine;Parkinson Disease;Parkinsonian Disorders;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Phospholipids;Play;Positioning Attribute;Presynaptic Terminals;prevent;protein degradation;Protein Isoforms;protein misfolding cyclic amplification;protein transport;Proteins;Recycling;Role;Shapes;Stress;Synapses;Synaptic Vesicles;syntaxin;synucleinopathy;Testing;therapeutic target;Time;Toxic effect;trafficking;transmission process;Up-Regulation;uptake;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: Role of Rab27b in synucleinopathies

STUDY_SECTION: CMND

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neurodegeneration Study Section[CMND]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD);Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Prevention;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHIATRY

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

PHR: Narrative:  The proposed project seeks to clarify selective cellular vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies, and to develop novel therapies to target pathological tau protein in these diseases. The studies should provide valuable insight into tau pathogenesis and are likely to identify clinical candidates to target pathological tau protein for therapy. Hence, this research is very relevant to public health.

PI_NAMEs: RYOO, HYUNG D;SIGURDSSON, EINAR M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MCGAVERN, LINDA

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;adenovirus mediated delivery;Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;Amyloid beta-Protein;Antibodies;antibody engineering;Astrocytes;Autophagocytosis;Autophagosome;Behavior assessment;Behavioral;Brain;Cell Death;Cell Death Induction;Cell Line;cell type;Cells;Cessation of life;clinical candidate;Data;Disease;Disease Progression;Drosophila genus;Drosophila melanogaster;efficacious treatment;excitatory neuron;experimental study;fly;Functional disorder;Functional impairment;Future;gene therapy;Gene therapy trial;Genetic;Glutamates;Goals;Hippocampus;Human;human induced pluripotent stem cells;Immunoglobulin Fragments;Immunotherapy;Impairment;Individual;induced pluripotent stem cell;Induced pluripotent stem cell derived human neuron;Induced pluripotent stem cell derived neurons;inhibitory neuron;insight;interest;Interneurons;Lead;Lesion;Llama;Lysosomes;Mediating;Modeling;mouse model;multicatalytic endopeptidase complex;Mus;Mutation;nanobodies;neuron loss;Neuronal Dysfunction;Neurons;neurotoxicity;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Pathogenesis;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Prevention;prophylactic;Proteins;Public Health;Reporting;Research;Resistance;Role;Signal Transduction;tau aggregation;tau expression;tau function;tau mutation;tau Proteins;Tauopathies;Testing;Therapeutic;therapy development;Tissues;tool;Toxic effect;Transgenic Organisms;Treatment Efficacy;Treatment Protocols;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Cell-Type Specific Vulnerability to Tauopathy and Its Prevention in Multiple Models


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_DEPT: PHYSIOLOGY

PHR: Project Narrative  Our main goals are to understand the molecular mechanisms by which neurons activate pathways that induce axon degeneration during development and in neurodegenerative disease. Axon pruning is physiologically important as it allows for the removal of excessive or misguided axon branches and permits the establishment of new neuronal connections. The results from this study will help identify key mechanisms by which axon degeneration can be controlled for potential therapeutic benefit for Alzheimer’s disease.

PI_NAMEs: DESHMUKH, MOHANISH P (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TYLER, WILLIAM A

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease model;Alzheimer's disease pathology;Amyloid beta-Protein;Apoptosis;apoptotic protease-activating factor 1;APP-PS1;Axon;axonal degeneration;Behavioral;Biochemical;CASP1 gene;CASP3 gene;CASP6 gene;CASP9 gene;Caspase;Cells;Complex;cytokine;Defect;Dendrites;deprivation;Development;Event;Excision;experimental study;extracellular;Goals;IL18 gene;Immune;Immune system;In Vitro;in vivo;Infection;Inflammasome;Inflammatory;Interleukin-1 beta;JUN gene;Knockout Mice;Link;MAPK8 gene;Mediating;Microfluidics;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Multiprotein Complexes;mutant;N-terminal;Nerve Growth Factors;Nervous System;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuron loss;neuronal cell body;Neurons;novel;pathogen;pathogen exposure;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Pathologic;Pathway interactions;Physiological;Play;protein complex;Proteins;receptor;Research;response;Role;sensor;Signal Transduction;Site;Stimulus;Synapses;Therapeutic

PROJECT_TITLE: Unexpected Function of Inflammasomes in Axon Pruning: Focus on NLRP1

STUDY_SECTION: NDPR

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neurodifferentiation, Plasticity, Regeneration and Rhythmicity Study Section[NDPR-M]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Genetics;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Rare Diseases

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Inclusions of the TAR DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) are present in over 60% of cases with Alzheimer's disease (AD), although their contribution to mechanism/s underlying neurodegeneration in AD are lacking. TDP-43 is an RNA-binding protein known to regulate many facets of RNA metabolism; thus, TDP-43- associated toxicity in AD may result from the accumulation of key aberrant transcripts, such as the recently discovered truncated stathmin-2 (tSTMN2) transcript, as a result of TDP-43 mislocalization to the cytoplasm, abnormal post-translational modifications and/or TDP-43 sequestration into inclusions. Thus, in an effort to transform the AD field and improve our understanding of TDP-43-associated disease mechanism driving AD, our goals are to: 1) determine the pathological relationships between TDP-43 and tSTMN2 in AD, 2) evaluate whether tSTMN2 is associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical and neuroimaging measures of neurodegeneration in AD, and 3) identify transcriptome changes in TDP-43-affected neurons that are unique to AD.

PI_NAMEs: JOSEPHS, KEITH A (contact);PRUDENCIO, MERCEDES

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Affect;Age;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease patient;Amyloid beta-Protein;Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Apolipoproteins;Automobile Driving;Autopsy;axon regeneration;Behavioral;Biological;Brain;brain tissue;brain volume;Cell Nucleus;cerebral atrophy;Cessation of life;Characteristics;Classification;Clinical;Cognition;Cognitive;cohort;Cytoplasm;Data;Dementia;Deposition;Disease;Disease Progression;episodic memory impairment;Etiology;Exons;experience;experimental study;fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography;Freezing;frontal lobe;Frontotemporal Lobar Degenerations;frontotemporal lobar dementia amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;Genetic;Genetic Transcription;Genotype;Goals;hippocampal atrophy;Hippocampus;immunoreactivity;improved;Knowledge;Lead;Link;Measures;Memory Loss;Microtubule-Associated Proteins;Molecular;Mutation;Names;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurofibrillary Tangles;neuroimaging;Neurons;neuropathology;novel;Onset of illness;Pathogenesis;Pathologic;Pathology;Patients;Phosphorylation;Play;Post-Translational Protein Processing;Process;Progressive Supranuclear Palsy;protein TDP-43;Proteins;Reporting;Repression;RNA;RNA metabolism;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;Series;stathmin;superoxide dismutase 1;tau Proteins;Testing;Time;Tissues;Toxic effect;Transcript;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: Stathmin-2 and TDP-43 neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s and multi-etiology dementias


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: Aurora

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER

ORG_STATE: CO

PHR: Project Narrative Intracranial electrical stimulation of the brain is a central method in the neurosurgery clinic, approved or in trials for treatment of Parkinson's disease, obsessive compulsive disorder, epilepsy, and others. However, the basic mechanism of action of intracranial stimulation remains unclear. This work uses recent advances in electrophysiology (Neuropixels) and optogenetic tools to study the local and brain-wide effects of electrical stimulation.

PI_NAMEs: DENMAN, DANIEL JAMES (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HWANG, GRACE MEI-HUA

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Affect;Anatomy;Animal Model;Area;Axon;Biological Models;Biophysics;Brain;brain tissue;Cell Compartmentation;cell type;Cells;Cerebral cortex;Charge;Clinic;Clinical;clinical effect;Clinical Treatment;clinically relevant;Communities;Coupled;Data;Dendrites;density;design;Disparity;electric field;Electric Stimulation;electrical microstimulation;Electrical Stimulation of the Brain;Electrodes;Electrophysiology (science);Epilepsy;experimental study;extracellular;Extracellular Space;fluorophore;Genetic;gray matter;Image;improved;in vivo;Knowledge;Label;Learning;Light;Measures;Membrane;Methods;millisecond;Modeling;Monitor;Morphology;mouse model;Mus;Myelin;neural;Neurites;Neurology;neuronal cell body;Neurons;neurosurgery;Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder;Online Systems;Optics;optogenetics;Parkinson Disease;Pattern;Protocols documentation;Pythons;Radial;recruit;Reporter;Research;Resolution;Site;Source;spatiotemporal;Specificity;Technology;Testing;therapeutically effective;Time;Tissues;tool;Variant;voltage gated channel;white matter;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Interrogating the propagation of electrical stimulation across scales in vivo


ORG_NAME: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This project is defining the contribution of mtCU-dependent mCa2+ uptake in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Utilizing complex mutant mouse models we are systematically defining the mitochondrial metabolomic and proteomic changes associated with Alzheimer's progression to identify new therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD.

PI_NAMEs: ELROD, JOHN WILLIAM (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 3xTg-AD mouse;Ablation;Acceleration;Acute;Adult;age related;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease model;Alzheimer's disease pathology;American;Amyloid;Biochemical;Brain;Calcium;calcium uniporter;Cell Death;Cell Death Signaling Process;Cells;Cellular Stress;Clinical Trials;cognitive function;Complex;Coupled;defined contribution;Development;Diagnosis;Disease;Disease Progression;gain of function;Gatekeeping;Generations;Genetic;Genetic Models;Goals;Hippocampus;hyperphosphorylated tau;Impaired cognition;Impairment;in vivo;Knock-in Mouse;Knock-out;Link;loss of function;Mediating;Memory Loss;Metabolic;Metabolic dysfunction;Metabolism;metabolome;metabolomics;Mitochondria;mitochondrial dysfunction;Mitochondrial Matrix;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;mutant mouse model;Mutant Strains Mice;Nerve Degeneration;Neurofibrillary Tangles;neuron loss;Neuronal Dysfunction;Neurons;neuropathology;new therapeutic target;Pathogenesis;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Phenotype;Population;Proteins;Proteome;Proteomics;Publishing;Reactive Oxygen Species;release of sequestered calcium ion into cytoplasm;Reporting;Role;Sampling;scaffold;Senile Plaques;Severity of illness;Stress;System;Testing;theories;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Time;treatment strategy;uptake

PROJECT_TITLE: Mitochondria and metabolism in neurodegeneration

STUDY_SECTION: NOMD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neural Oxidative Metabolism and Death Study Section[NOMD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Bioengineering;Brain Disorders;Cerebrovascular;Dementia;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID)

ORG_NAME: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE High-resolution imaging techniques are essential for investigation of the pathogenesis and development of therapeutic and screening strategies for cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), including Alzheimer Disease (AD) and AD-related dementias. We propose to develop novel methods to investigate retinal O2 delivery and consumption with unprecedented spatial resolution and to correlate changes that occur in parallel in retinal and cortical microvasculature during normal ageing and AD. We hope that this work will advance our understanding of the concurrent microvascular dysfunction in cortex and retina during both normal ageing and SVD progression, provide broad utility in assessing retinal microvascular domains in animal models of eye disorders, and augment knowledge of vascular mechanisms of progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment in common forms of SVD as well as in AD and related dementias.

PI_NAMEs: SAKADZIC, SAVA  (contact);SHAHIDI, MAHNAZ

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: YIN, XILING

PROJECT_TERMS: adaptive optics;Affect;age group;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease;Alzheimer's disease model;Alzheimer's disease related dementia;Animal Model;Biological Markers;Blood capillaries;Blood flow;blood product;Blood Vessels;Cerebral cortex;Cerebral small vessel disease;Cerebrovascular Circulation;Cerebrovascular Disorders;Cerebrovascular system;Cerebrum;Clinic;Clinical;Consumption;Cortical vasculature;Coupled;Data;Development;Discrimination;Disease;Disease Progression;Erythrocytes;Eye diseases;fluorescence imaging;hemodynamics;Heterogeneity;high resolution imaging;Human;Hypoxia;Image;imaging modality;imaging system;Imaging Techniques;Impaired cognition;innovative technologies;Investigation;islet;Knowledge;Link;Measurement;Measures;Metabolic;metabolic rate;Metabolism;Methods;Microscopy;Microvascular Dysfunction;middle age;Morphology;mouse model;multimodality;Mus;non-invasive imaging;normal aging;novel;Optics;Oxygen;particle;Pathogenesis;Perfusion;Population Study;progressive neurodegeneration;Publishing;rate of change;Research;Resolution;Rest;Retina;retina blood vessel structure;retinal imaging;retinal ischemia;screening;Structure;System;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Time;tissue oxygenation;Tissues;tool;two photon microscopy;two-photon;vascular cognitive impairment and dementia;Vascular Diseases;white matter;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Two-photon Imaging of Oxygen and Blood Flow in Retinal and Cerebral Vasculature


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Dementia;Neurosciences;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI);Traumatic Head and Spine Injury

ORG_CITY: WASHINGTON

ORG_NAME: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: DC

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE An athletic career filled with head impacts predisposes athletes to memory impairments and is a risk factor for dementias including Alzheimer’s disease. To understand the nature of the chronic memory impairments caused by HI, we are focused on the physiological changes that occur in the brain after exposure to a high frequency of non-damaging HI, and comparing our results to a single severe single TBI. In this proposal we will test the hypothesis that repeated head impacts disrupts synaptic transmission within the memory circuits of the hippocampus, and that activation of engram neurons can override these cognitive deficits and reanimate a forgotten memory.

PI_NAMEs: BURNS, MARK P (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Alzheimer's Disease;Athletic;Axon;axon injury;Behavior Control;Behavioral;Bilateral;Brain;brain dysfunction;Brain Injuries;career;Case Study;Cells;Chronic;Cognitive;Cognitive deficits;cognitive function;common symptom;conditioned fear;controlled cortical impact;cost;Data;dementia risk;dentate gyrus;Disease;Electrophysiology (science);Excitatory Synapse;experimental study;Exposure to;forgetting;FOS gene;Frequencies;Functional disorder;Genetic;head impact;Hippocampus;Impaired cognition;Impairment;Implant;Individual;Learning;Link;Memory;Memory impairment;memory recall;Mus;N-Methylaspartate;Nature;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurons;new therapeutic target;novel;optogenetics;Parahippocampal Gyrus;patch clamp;Pathology;Persons;Physiological;Potassium;Proteins;Proteome;Proteomics;response;selective expression;Synapses;Synaptic Transmission;TBI Patients;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Time;transcriptome;transcriptomic profiling;transcriptomics;Traumatic Brain Injury

PROJECT_TITLE: Recovering amnestic memories from the repeat head impact brain

STUDY_SECTION: BINP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies Study Section[BINP]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Acquired Cognitive Impairment;Aging;Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD);Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD);Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS);Brain Disorders;Dementia;Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD);Genetics;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Rare Diseases

ORG_NAME: THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY

PHR: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are two incurable neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by the presence of protein aggregates formed through aberrant phase transition of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Agents able to reverse aberrant phase transition and aggregation of RBPs could mitigate their toxicity and have the potential to be developed as therapeutic strategies to combat FTD/ALS. This project focuses on developing RNA oligonucleotide disaggregases to prevent and reverse aberrant RBP phase transition, and elucidating the mechanism of action of these RNA oligonucleotides.

PI_NAMEs: GUO, LIN  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Affect;ALS patients;analog;Binding;Biochemical;Biological Assay;Biological Models;biophysical properties;Biophysics;Cell membrane;Cell model;Cell Nucleus;Cells;combat;Cytoplasm;Cytoplasmic Granules;Cytoplasmic Inclusion;Data;design;Disease;effective therapy;Escherichia coli;EWSR1 gene;Fluorescence;frontotemporal lobar dementia amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;Goals;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;Interruption;Length;Link;Liquid substance;Methods;Molecular Chaperones;mutant;Mutate;Nature;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurons;neurotoxicity;Nuclear Import;Nuclear Localization Signal;oligonucleotide therapeutics;Oligonucleotides;Organelles;Pathologic;Phase;Phase Transition;Physical condensation;Play;Polymers;post-doctoral training;Postdoctoral Fellow;prevent;Process;Property;protein aggregation;protein TDP-43;Proteins;receptor;reconstitution;recruit;Ribonucleases;RNA;RNA Binding;RNA purification;RNA Recognition Motif;RNA-Binding Protein FUS;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;single molecule;Solid;Stress;stress granule;Structure;System;TAF15 gene;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic RNA;therapeutically effective;Time;Toxic effect;Training

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing RNA Oligonucleotides to Mitigate Abberant FUS Phase Transition in FTD/ALS


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Project Narrative: Relevance of the research to public health; no more than 2-3 sentences of text. This research investigates how the timing of different neurons is regulated and contributes to computing visual motion. Since timing is essential to all visual processing, we must understand how it is regulated if we are to understand and treat visual impairments and blindness. Timing is also essential to neural processing beyond vision, so advancing our understanding of timing in neural circuits will help us to understand and treat disruptions in function brought on by disease.

PI_NAMEs: CLARK, DAMON ALISTAIR (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DAVID, KAREN KATE

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Anatomy;Animal Behavior;Animals;Behavior;behavior measurement;behavioral response;Blindness;Brain;Calcium;cell type;Cells;Detection;Devices;Disease;Drosophila genus;experimental study;Eye;Feedback;fly;Gene Expression;Genetic;genetic manipulation;Goals;improved;in vivo calcium imaging;in vivo two-photon imaging;Individual;individual response;Insecta;Ion Channel;Learning;Light;Location;Mammals;Maps;Measures;Membrane;model organism;Modeling;Motion;Motion Perception;neural;neural circuit;Neurons;neuroregulation;neurotransmission;neurotransmitter release;Neurotransmitters;Optics;Organism;Partner in relationship;Physiology;Public Health;Reaction Time;receptive field;Research;response;Retina;retinal prosthesis;Role;scaffold;Sensory;sensory input;signal processing;Signal Transduction;Smell Perception;Speed;Structure;System;Testing;Text;Time;tool;Vision;Visual;Visual impairment;visual information;Visual Motion;visual processing;Visual System;voltage;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Dissecting the roles of timing in a canonical neural computation


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: Project Narrative We will do experiments to provide fundamental insights into how specific signatures of brain circuit activity relate to circuit computations. We will record and manipulate the activity of populations of brain cells in behaving subjects to measure the relationship between these signatures and specific circuit functions in the part of the cerebral cortex that serves vision. Better understanding of the details of how brain circuits compute will improve the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of a wide range of brain disorders.

PI_NAMEs: HEEGER, DAVID J;MACLEAN, JASON NEIL (contact);MAUNSELL, JOHN H.R.

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;area MT;Attention;Automobile Driving;Behavior;Binding;Brain;brain cell;Brain Diseases;cell type;Cells;Cerebral cortex;Cognitive;Data;Diagnosis;Electroencephalography;Electrophysiology (science);experimental study;Family;Family dynamics;hippocampal pyramidal neuron;Image;improved;insight;Interneurons;Laser Scanning Microscopy;Link;Macaca;Measurement;Measures;Methodology;Modeling;Monkeys;Motor;multi-electrode arrays;Mus;Nervous System;neuronal circuitry;Neurons;nonhuman primate;Optical Methods;optogenetics;orientation selectivity;Periodicity;Play;Population;preference;Property;Pyramidal Cells;Recurrence;response;Role;Sampling;Sensory;Signal Transduction;Silicon;Speed;Stimulus;Testing;Training;two-photon;V1 neuron;Variant;Vision;Visual;Visual Cortex;visual stimulus

PROJECT_TITLE: The origins of neuronal correlations in cerebral cortex


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Mental Health;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: IRVINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE

PHR: This project uses advanced electrophysiological neural ensemble recording to test circuit-level hypotheses about the fundamental interactions between the hippocampal formation and the neocortex that enables episodic memories to be captured quickly and subsequently consolidated into efficient schemas for adaptive behavior. The overarching hypothesis is that the laminar structure of neocortex is optimized to subserve a particular type of information representation, in which the global context of experiences is encoded in sparse activity patterns in Layer II-III that are derived from the output of the hippocampal formation and that associatively link together the attributes (i.e., content) of experience, which are represented more densely in the deeper layers (Layer V). Overall, these experiments will shed new light on the cortex-wide, circuit-level details of how memory works, leading ultimately to improved interventions in cases of memory impairment due to trauma, disease and the aging process and other cognitive deficits such as schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders.

PI_NAMEs: MCNAUGHTON, BRUCE L (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Adaptive Behaviors;aging process;association cortex;autism spectrum disorder;Behavior;behavior prediction;Body Weight Changes;Brain;Categories;Cells;Characteristics;Clinical assessments;Code;Cognition;Cognition Disorders;Cognitive deficits;Complex;Coupling;Data;Dedications;density;detector;Disease;Electrophysiology (science);Episodic memory;Event;Exhibits;experience;experimental study;Fright;Genetic;Goals;Hippocampal Formation;Hippocampus;Hunger;Image;improved;indexing;information processing;Intelligence;Intervention;Knowledge;Lead;learning network;Lesion;Link;Location;Maps;Memory;memory acquisition;Memory Disorders;Memory impairment;memory recall;Motor;Mus;Neocortex;neural;neural circuit;neural network;Neurons;Output;Pattern;Process;Property;Recurrence;Rest;Retrieval;Scheme;Schizophrenia;Sensory;sensory discrimination;sensory input;Silicon;Site;Sleep;statistics;Structure;Supporting Cell;Synapses;Testing;theories;Trauma;trend;two-photon;Weight;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The laminar organization of 'index' versus 'attribute' coding in neocortex


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Neurosciences

ORG_NAME: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL

PHR: Project Narrative Analysis of the structure and function of neuronal circuits across multiple individuals is crucial for understanding brain function across healthy individuals and in disease. We propose applying our functional connectomics approach to understand the relationship between neuronal connectivity and function in the context of perceptually-guided behaviors using the genetic model organism Drosophila. By studying how a tractable model nervous system controls visually and olfactory-guided behaviors across multiple individuals and between sexes, our research will provide insight into the fundamental principles of sensorimotor processing and individuality.

PI_NAMEs: DE BIVORT, BENJAMIN ;HASSAN, BASSEM A;LEE, WEI-CHUNG ALLEN (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TALLEY, EDMUND M

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Anatomy;Animal Behavior;Animals;approach behavior;Behavior;Behavioral;Behavioral Assay;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Brain;Calcium;Cells;Cellular Morphology;Code;Cognitive;Communities;comparative;Complex;Computer Models;connectome;connectome data;Data;Data Set;Defect;Dimensions;Disease;disease model;Dorsal;Drosophila genus;Drosophila melanogaster;Electron Microscopy;Environmental Risk Factor;Evolution;Exhibits;Female;fly;Foundations;Funding;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Models;Goals;Head;Human;Image;in vivo;in vivo calcium imaging;Individual;individual variation;Individuality;information processing;Injury;insight;Interneurons;Investigation;Knowledge;Label;Light;Link;Lobe;male;Mammals;Maps;Microscope;model organism;Modeling;Monitor;Monozygotic twins;Morphology;Nature;Nervous System;Nervous System control;neural;neural network;neuronal circuitry;Neurons;novel strategies;Odors;olfactory sensory neurons;optogenetics;Organism;Phenotype;Population;postsynaptic;predictive modeling;preference;presynaptic;Proteins;reconstruction;Research;Research Personnel;Resolution;Resources;response;Sensory;sex;Shapes;Signal Transduction;skills;Stimulus;Stochastic Processes;Structure;Structure-Activity Relationship;Synapses;System;Technology;Testing;tool;trait;Translating;two-photon;Variant;Visual;visual control;Visual System;voltage;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Structural Variation in Neuronal Circuits as a Basis for Functional and Behavioral Individuality