NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Prevention

ORG_DEPT: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

PHR: Project Narrative This research holds significant relevance to public health by advancing our understanding of non-coding DNA functions and variant effects, key factors in genetic regulation and disease development. The innovative use of large language models and multi-task learning enhances our ability to interpret genetic variants, potentially improving diagnostic accuracy and guiding personalized medical interventions, thereby contributing to more effective disease prevention, treatment, and genetic counseling.

PI_NAMEs: FAN, XIAO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FARRELL, CATHERINE MARY

PROJECT_TERMS: Architecture;Automobile Driving;Biological;Computational Technique;Development;diagnostic accuracy;Disease;disorder prevention;DNA;Etiology;experimental study;Genetic;Genetic Counseling;genetic testing;genetic variant;grasp;Growth;Health;improved;innovation;Instruction;Intervention;Language;large language model;Linguistics;Medical;Modeling;multi-task learning;Natural Language Processing;Nature;Organism;Play;Proteins;Public Health;Recording of previous events;Regulation;Reporting;Reproduction;Research;Resources;Role;Structure;tool;training data;Untranslated RNA;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: Exploration of DNA functionality using language models


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy;Muscular Dystrophy;Neurosciences;Orphan Drug;Pediatric;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: KANSAS CITY

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: NEUROLOGY

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: KS

PHR: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is one of the three most common muscular dystrophies, leading to marked lifetime morbidity with no current therapies, which represents a large unmet medical need. FSHD is caused by the expression of the transcription factor DUX4 which causes disease through a toxic gain of function, identifying a target for therapy; and while there are active clinical trials underway for adult FSHD, barriers to pediatric FSHD drug development include a lack of prospective multisite data, which we plan to overcome here by performing a prospective 24-month observational study in pediatric FSHD to validate outcome measures and refine inclusion criteria to hasten future therapeutic development. At completion we will have: 1) validated two clinical outcome assessments as primary outcomes for pediatric FSHD clinical trials, the pediatric FSHD Functional Composite made up of evaluator-administered and patient-identified items of clinical importance, and the Reachable Workspace, the volume of space someone can reach into captured by a 3-D camera; and 2) validated an imaging biomarker of muscle quality, quantitative muscle fat fraction on MRI, as a predictive or monitoring biomarker for pediatric FSHD clinical trials.

PI_NAMEs: EICHINGER, KATY ;FRIEDMAN, SETH DAVID;STATLAND, JEFFREY  (contact);WOODCOCK, IAN

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FARHAT, NICOLE M

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;adenovirus mediated delivery;Adolescent;Adult;Age;Age of Onset;Amyloid Neuropathies;Antisense Oligonucleotides;Area;arm;Australia;Biological Markers;biomarker validation;Blood;Body Size;burden of illness;Canada;Characteristics;Child;Childhood;Clinical;clinical outcome assessment;clinical research site;Clinical Trials;cohort;Collection;Cross-Sectional Studies;D4Z4;Data;data management;Disease;Disease Progression;drug development;Duchenne muscular dystrophy;early onset;Eligibility Determination;Enrollment;Ensure;Europe;Evaluation;Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy;Fatty acid glycerol esters;FDA approved;Future;gain of function;Gene Silencing;gene therapy;Genetic;Goals;Image;imaging biomarker;inclusion criteria;Individual;Infrastructure;Inherited;interest;International;Intramuscular;knock-down;Lead;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measures;Medical;meetings;Molecular;Monitor;Morbidity - disease rate;Motion;Motor;Muscle;Muscular Dystrophies;Observational Study;Outcome;Outcome Measure;Participant;Patient Outcomes Assessments;Patients;Performance;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacologic Substance;Population;primary outcome;prognostic;programs;prospective;Prospective Studies;Protocols documentation;quality assurance;recruit;regression trees;Reporting;Research;response;RNA Interference;Severities;Site;Spinal Muscular Atrophy;Standardization;Statistical Methods;Subgroup;targeted treatment;Testing;therapeutic development;Training;transcription factor;trial planning;Upper Extremity;Validity and Reliability;Water;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Motor Outcomes to Validate Evaluations in Pediatric FSHD (MOVE Peds)

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZNS1 SRB-A (06)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: TW

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

IC_NAME: FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_CITY: CHARLOTTESVILLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA

ORG_STATE: VA

PHR: NARRATIVE The Kibong’oto Infectious Diseases Hospital in the Kilimanjaro region of Northern Tanzania has in the last decade grown clinical and laboratory research, and training of junior investigators to improve the health of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other endemic or emerging infectious diseases, and is consequently transitioning to become a national infectious diseases institute. This proposal will develop a fully capacitated multidivisional research administrative office, and a transferrable training program and resource toolkit that will increase the total number and diversity of grants submitted, and secondarily improve the research productivity of networked hospitals and research centers.

PI_NAMEs: MPAGAMA, STELLAH GEORGE;STEEN, AMBER  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BANSAL, GEETHA PARTHASARATHY

PROJECT_TERMS: Academic Medical Centers;Accounting;Achievement;Adherence;Administrator;Advisory Committees;African;Antibiotics;Area;Award;Biological;Caring;Cause of Death;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials;co-infection;Collaborations;Communicable Diseases;Communities;comorbidity;Contracts;Country;design;Development;diagnostic development;Disease;efficacy research;Emerging Communicable Diseases;Ensure;Environment;European Union;experience;fighting;Fogarty International Center;Funding;global health;Grant;Health;health equity;Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy;HIV;HIV therapy;HIV/TB;Hospitals;improved;Individual;Infectious Diseases Research;Institution;Intensive Care Units;Investments;Knowledge;Laboratory Research;Leadership;Mediation;Mentors;Mentorship;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;multidisciplinary;Needs Assessment;next generation;novel therapeutics;panacea;peer;person centered;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Policies;Positioning Attribute;Postdoctoral Fellow;Process;Productivity;Regimen;Research;research facility;research faculty;Research Institute;Research Personnel;Research Training;Resources;Safety;Scientist;skills;social determinants;Structure;success;System;Tanzania;Testing;tool;Training;Training Programs;Tuberculosis;Uganda;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;USAID;Virginia;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Transitioning to a National Infectious Diseases Institute in Tanzania

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 DCAI-S (55)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: ES

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES

ORG_CITY: FORT MYERS

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: FLORIDA GULF COAST UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: FL

PHR: Ciguatera poisoning (CP) is a form of seafood poisoning that affects tens of thousands of people on an annual basis and is expected to increase with climate change impacts. The Greater Caribbean Center for Ciguatera Research (GCCCR) was established to study the anticipated intensification of CP in the Greater Caribbean Region due to warming sea surface temperatures and reef degradation associated with climate change. Hurricane Ian caused severe damage to the Florida Gulf Coast University Vester Field Station, hindering progress and forming the basis for our request for a Funded Extension of the GCCCR project through this funding mechanism.

PI_NAMEs: PARSONS, MICHAEL  (contact);SOBOL, ROBERT W

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DZIERLENGA, ANIKA LIN

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Alabama;Algae;Area;Back;Caribbean region;Cell Wall;Cells;Ciguatera Poisoning;Ciguatoxins;climate change;Collaborations;Communities;community engagement;Community Health Education;Community Participation;Consumption;coral;Coupled;Dinophyceae;Disease;Disease Outbreaks;Docking;economic impact;Ecosystem;Education;Educational Activities;experience;Fishes;Florida;Food Webs;Formulation;Frequencies;Funding;Funding Mechanisms;Gambierdiscus;General Population;genotoxicity;Geography;Goals;gulf coast;harmful algal blooms;Hawaii;Health;Human;Hurricane;Institution;Invertebrates;Island;Knowledge;Lipids;Malignant Neoplasms;Manuscripts;marine;Medical;Metabolic Biotransformation;Metabolism;Mexico;Modality;Modeling;Molecular;Movement;Multimedia;Muscle;Nerve;Neurotoxins;Oceanography;Oceans;Output;Persons;Play;Poisoning;Production;Productivity;programs;Public Health;Publishing;Puerto Rico;repaired;Research;Research Activity;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Resources;response;Risk;Role;Sampling;Science;Scientist;Sea;Seafood;seafood poisoning;Secure;Site;Sodium Channel;sodium ion;Students;success;Surface;Symptoms;Syndrome;Temperature;Texas;Time;Toxin;Translating;United States;United States Virgin Islands;Universities;voltage;Vulnerable Populations;Work


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

FUNDING_MECHANISM: RESEARCH CENTERS

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

ORG_CITY: ANN ARBOR

ORG_DEPT: OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR

ORG_STATE: MI

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Uterine fibroids (UF) are the most common tumors in reproductive-age women and represent one of the most significant racial disparities in reproductive health. The overall goal of this Center proposal, titled, Partnering for Equity: An Academic and Community Alliance to Eliminate Disparities throughout the Fibroid Experience (PEACE), is to identify the social and structural drivers of the disparities between Black and White women in UF incidence, growth, treatment pathways, and patient experiences. We anticipate that the results obtained from our community-engaged research approach, will increase health equity throughout the UF continuum and will improve the health of those diagnosed with and most burdened by this highly prevalent and morbid disease.

PI_NAMEs: MARSH, ERICA E (contact);WEGIENKA, GANESA REBECCA;WILLIAMS, DAVID R.

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TINGEN, CANDACE M

PROJECT_TERMS: Accountability;African American;Aftercare;Age;Area;Award;Black race;black women;Caring;Chronic;Clinical;clinical care;Collaborations;Common Neoplasm;Communities;community based participatory research;community engaged research;community organizations;community partners;community partnership;Core Facility;Cost Sharing;Data;Detection;Development;Diagnosis;Discrimination;Disease;Disparity;disparity elimination;disparity reduction;Education;eHealth;Epidemiology;Equity;Event;experience;Fibroid Tumor;Funding;Goals;Grant;Growth;Health;Health behavior;health disparity;health equity;Health Services;High Prevalence;Hysterectomy;Image;improved;Incidence;Individual;innovation;Institution;Intervention;Knowledge;lens;Life;Manuscripts;member;Methods;Molecular;multidisciplinary;Myometrial;Operative Surgical Procedures;outreach;Pathway interactions;patient oriented;Patients;Personal Satisfaction;Premenopause;Prevalence;Process;programs;Psychosocial Factor;Publishing;Race;racial disparity;racism;Recording of previous events;reproductive;Reproductive Health;Research;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Research Support;Resources;Risk Factors;social;social culture;social determinants;Sociology;Stress;stressor;structural determinants;structural health determinants;study population;surgery outcome;Tissues;United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality;United States National Institutes of Health;Uterine Fibroids;White Women;Woman;Work

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHD1 DSR-B (50)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Fibroid Tumors (Uterine);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Women's Health Research

PI_NAMEs: MARSH, ERICA E (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Archives;Award;Biometry;Boston;California;Communities;community academic partnership;community center;Community Health;Community Networks;community organizations;community partners;community partnership;Compensation;Consultations;Cost Sharing;Country;Development;Diagnosis;disparity elimination;Education and Outreach;Ensure;Equity;Event;experience;Fibroid Tumor;Fostering;Goals;Grant;Guidelines;Health;health equity;health organization;Healthcare Systems;improved;innovation;Institution;Institutional Review Boards;Interdisciplinary Study;Manuscripts;meetings;member;Mentors;Michigan;multidisciplinary;National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences;Occupational activity of managing finances;Organizational Objectives;Patient advocacy;patient advocacy group;Patients;posters;Process;programs;Public Health;Public Health Schools;Reporting;Research;Research Infrastructure;Research Personnel;Science;Scientist;Site;Structure;success;symposium;Training;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Uterine Fibroids;web site;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Administrative Core


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Emergency Care;Fibroid Tumors (Uterine);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

PI_NAMEs: DALTON, VANESSA K. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Affect;Age;Area;Black Populations;Black race;black women;Caring;Characteristics;Clinical;clinical care;Communities;community center;Complication;Conflict (Psychology);Data;deprivation;design;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Disease;Disparate;disparity elimination;Early Diagnosis;Early treatment;Emergency department visit;Emergency Health Services;Equity;Ethnic Population;Etiology;Event;experience;Fibroid Tumor;Future;Growth;hazard;Health;Health Policy;health record;health service use;Health system;Hemorrhage;Hospitalization;hospitalization rates;Hysterectomy;indexing;Individual;Intervention;Knowledge;longitudinal analysis;Medicaid;Michigan;Morbidity - disease rate;Neighborhoods;Outcome;Pain;Pathway interactions;Patients;Patterns of Care;preservation;Process;programs;Race;racial disparity;racial population;Regression Analysis;Reporting;Resources;rurality;Schedule;Services;socioeconomics;structural determinants;symptom management;Symptoms;Time;Transfusion;treatment and outcome;treatment disparity;treatment pattern;Uterine Fibroids;Uterus;Well in self;White Women

PROJECT_TITLE: Racial Disparities in Uterine Fibroid Care Pathways


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Fibroid Tumors (Uterine);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Mental Health;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

PI_NAMEs: WEGIENKA, GANESA REBECCA (contact);WISE, LAUREN A

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adverse event;Affect;African American;Age;Age Years;Anemia;Area;Benign;Black Populations;Black race;black women;Characteristics;Child Care;Childhood;Chronic;Clinic Visits;clinical care;cohort;Communities;community-level factor;coping;Coping Behavior;County;Crime;Data;deprivation;Development;Diagnosis;Discrimination;disparity elimination;Education;Elderly;Enrollment;Environment;Environmental Risk Factor;Equity;Ethnic Origin;Evaluation;Event;experience;Face;Family;Fibroid Tumor;follow-up;Frequencies;Funding;Goals;Growth;health disparity;Hemorrhage;Home;Household;Hysterectomy;improved;Incidence;Income;indexing;Infertility;Interview;Knowledge;Life;Life Cycle Stages;Life Style;lifetime risk;Location;Low income;Measurement;Measures;men;Methods;Modeling;multidisciplinary;National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences;Natural History;novel;Operative Surgical Procedures;Participant;Pathway interactions;Pelvic Pain;perceived discrimination;perceived stress;Persons;Policies;Pregnancy Complications;Prevention strategy;Process;public health priorities;Questionnaires;Race;racial disparity;Recontacts;Recording of previous events;Religion;remediation;Research;resilience;Resources;Risk;Role;segregation;Self Concept;Severities;social;social health determinants;Socioeconomic Status;Stress;stressor;Time;Transvaginal Ultrasound;tumor;ultrasound;United States;Uterine Fibroids;Uterine Neoplasms;Visit;White Women;Woman;Women's study

PROJECT_TITLE: Multiple Stress Pathways and Positive Resources in UF Incidence and Growth


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Fibroid Tumors (Uterine);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Telehealth;Women's Health Research

PROJECT_TERMS: Academic Medical Centers;Affect;Age of Onset;Algorithms;Anemia;Attitude;Awareness;Behavior;Belief;Benign;black patient;black women;care providers;Caring;child bearing;Clinical;Communities;community based participatory research;culturally appropriate intervention;dashboard;Data;Decision Making;Development;digital tool;Discrimination;Disparity;disparity elimination;disparity reduction;eHealth;Emotions;Ensure;Equity;Excision;experience;Family Practice;Fertility;Fibroid Tumor;Fright;future implementation;Gender;Goals;Gynecologist;health literacy;Hemorrhage;Hysterectomy;improved;Incidence;Individual;Infertility;insight;Internal Medicine;Intervention;Interventional radiology;Interview;Knowledge;Lived experience;Medical;Menorrhagia;Michigan;Modeling;Operative Surgical Procedures;patient oriented;Patient-Centered Care;patient-clinician communication;Patients;Pelvic Pain;Perception;personalized intervention;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Physicians;preference;Pregnancy loss;Probability;Process;Provider;provider communication;racial disparity;racial identity;Recurrence;Regrets;Reporting;reproductive;Reproductive Health;Risk;Sampling;satisfaction;Self Efficacy;side effect;Socioeconomic Status;Surveys;Symptoms;System;Testing;tool;United States;Uterine Fibroids;Uterine Neoplasms;Uterus;web app;White Women;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Centering Patients: Development of a Tailored eHealth Intervention to Improve the UF Patient Experience


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Fibroid Tumors (Uterine);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;access disparities;Address;Advocate;Affect;Area;Assessment tool;Attitude;Award;black women;Books;Clinical;Collaborations;Communities;community academic partnership;community based participatory research;community building;community center;community engagement;Community Health;community organizations;community partners;community partnership;Compensation;Cost Sharing;Creativeness;cultural competence;Data;Discrimination;Disparity;disparity elimination;Education;Education and Outreach;effectiveness evaluation;empowerment;Ensure;Equity;Evaluation;Event;experience;Fibroid Tumor;Future;Grant;Guidelines;Health;health disparity;Health education;health equity;Health equity research;Health Services Accessibility;innovation;Joints;Knowledge;Leadership;Learning;literacy;Literature;Manuscripts;Measures;meetings;member;Output;outreach;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;Printing;Process;programs;Protocols documentation;Public Health;racial disparity;racism;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Research Project Grants;Risk;Self Assessment;Series;social media;Social Network;stakeholder perspectives;symposium;synergism;timeline;Trust;United States National Institutes of Health;Uterine Fibroids;virtual;Voice

PROJECT_TITLE: Community Partnership, Outreach and Education Core (CPOEC)


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Genetics;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: TEMPE

ORG_DEPT: OTHER BASIC SCIENCES

ORG_NAME: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS

ORG_STATE: AZ

PHR: Stress-related psychiatric disorders (SRPDs) are now the leading disease burden worldwide and diagnoses are increasing in both adolescents and adults. However, our understanding of the etiology and biology underlying SRPD development is lacking. This study uses modern computational methods with genetic, epigenetic, and brain data to identify biocomposites that reflect the impact of early life adversity on SRPD symptoms across from childhood through early adulthood.

PI_NAMEs: LEWIS, CANDACE RENEE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FERRANTE, MICHELE

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Address;Adolescent;Adult;adverse childhood events;Award;Biological;Biological Markers;Biology;Brain;Brain region;burden of illness;Childhood;Clinical;clinical care;Clinical Research;Cognition;cohort;Collection;comorbidity;Computer Models;Computing Methodologies;Control Groups;Data;Data Collection;design;Development;Diagnosis;Dimensions;Disease;disorder risk;early life adversity;emerging adult;endophenotype;Ensure;Environment;Epigenetic Process;epigenome;ethnic minority population;Etiology;Genetic;Genome;Genomics;Gold;health disparity;Heterogeneity;Home;imaging modality;Individual;innovation;marginalization;Measures;Mediating;Mental disorders;Mental Health;Modeling;Modernization;Moods;Neurobiology;Neurosciences;Outcome;person centered;Phenotype;potential biomarker;precision medicine;prospective;Prospective cohort;Psychiatry;Psychology;racial minority population;Recording of previous events;Research;Rewards;Risk;Risk Factors;sexual minority group;Site;Stress;Structure;symptom cluster;Symptoms;Testing;Translations;Trauma;Woman

PROJECT_TITLE: Individually Measured Endophenotypes to Advance Computational Translation in Mental Health

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 RCCS-A (70)]


ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Brain Disorders;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: BERKELEY

ORG_DEPT: ENGINEERING (ALL TYPES)

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE To move successfully, we must be able to sense our bodies and our environment. While theoretical work outlines computations that ought to take place for successful integration of somatosensation into movement, how population neural activity in somatosensory and motor nodes in the brain interact to accomplish this integration remains unclear. This proposal uses multi-area electrophysiology to monitor functional interactions in distributed sensorimotor nodes during the acquisition and execution of a dexterous manipulation task, mapping theoretical computations onto the circuits and cross-area population dynamics in the sensorimotor network.

PI_NAMEs: KHANNA, PREEYA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: OSBORNE, LESLIE CAROL

PROJECT_TERMS: Area;Brain;Brain Injuries;Brain region;Communication;density;design;Distant;Dystonia;Electric Stimulation;Electrophysiology (science);Environment;Essential Tremor;experimental study;Face;Feedback;Hand;Impairment;improved;innovation;Interruption;Learning;Light;Macaca;Maps;Modeling;Monitor;Monkeys;Motor;Motor Cortex;motor impairment;Movement;Movement Disorders;neural;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurologic;neuroregulation;nonhuman primate;novel;Numbness;Parkinson Disease;Participant;Pattern;Population;Population Dynamics;Process;Rehabilitation therapy;sensorimotor system;Sensory;Signal Transduction;somatosensory;Somatosensory Cortex;Source;Stroke;Thalamic structure;Therapeutic;Update;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Untangling the influence of distinct sources of somatosensory feedback on the neural dynamics of dexterous movement control


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Cost Effectiveness Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Prevention

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE/ PROJECT NARRATIVE Although we now have once-daily oral treatments for HIV with tenofovir-lamivudine-dolutegravir (TLD) globally, it can be difficult to take a pill every day for HIV and virologic suppression rates around the world for those who are on treatment are around 65-70%; we want to improve those rates to get to the goals of improving lives for people with HIV, reducing the development of drug resistance, and preventing HIV via “undetectable=untransmittable”. We developed in our research group a urine-based test that can detect tenofovir via an immunoassay (which looks like a pregnancy test) and found that counseling around this test in Namibia for those who did not suppress their virus on TLD improved virologic suppression from 0% to 92% in a small study. We now propose a large randomized trial where we will compare standard adherence counseling recommended by the World Health Organization to adherence counseling tailored to the results of the urine tenofovir assay in South Africa to see if the urine assay increases virologic suppression rates in those who don’t suppress at first; if the trial works and the easy-to-use, inexpensive urine assay is cost-effective, the data from this grant will hopefully move the urine tenofovir test into routine clinical care for people with HIV.

PI_NAMEs: GANDHI, MONICA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JANCI, ELIZABETH WONDERLICH

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Adherence;Adult;Antibodies;antiretroviral therapy;arm;aspirate;Biofeedback;Biological Assay;Blood;Caring;Clinic;Clinical;clinical care;clinical practice;cost;Cost Analysis;cost effective;cost effectiveness;Cost Effectiveness Analysis;Counseling;Country;Data;Development;disability-adjusted life years;Disease;Drug Monitoring;drug resistance development;Dryness;efavirenz;Effectiveness of Interventions;effectiveness/implementation design;enhanced care;Event;Exhibits;Failure;Feedback;food insecurity;Future;Genetic;Goals;Grant;Guidelines;Hair;HIV;HIV Infections;Housing;Hybrids;Immunoassay;implementation outcomes;improved;improved outcome;Individual;Intervention;Interview;Laboratories;laboratory equipment;laboratory experience;Laboratory Personnel;Lamivudine;Letters;Liquid Chromatography;Measures;Mental disorders;Methods;Monitor;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Namibia;Oral;outcome prediction;Participant;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;pill;Plasma;point of care;point of care testing;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;Pregnancy Tests;Prevalence;prevent;primary outcome;Provider;Province;public health relevance;Publications;Randomized;randomized trial;Randomized, Controlled Trials;real time monitoring;Recommendation;Regimen;Reporting;Research;Resistance;Retrospective cohort study;Sampling;secondary outcome;seroconversion;Shipping;social stigma;Societies;South Africa;Spottings;standard of care;structural determinants;substance use;Surveys;tandem mass spectrometry;Tenofovir;Testing;Time;transmission process;Transportation;treatment arm;Treatment outcome;trial comparing;Urine;Validation;Vertebral column;Viral;Viral Load result;viral resistance;Virus;Visit;Visualization;Work;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: Randomized Trial to Optimize Virologic Suppression Rates Using a Point-of-Care Urine Monitoring Assay (ROVING-PUMA)

STUDY_SECTION: PPAH

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Population and Public Health Approaches to HIV/AIDS Study Section[PPAH]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AG

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Clinical Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;Kidney Disease;Patient Safety;Precision Medicine;Prevention

ORG_CITY: STANFORD

ORG_DEPT: SURGERY

ORG_NAME: STANFORD UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE To make informed surgical treatment decisions, older adults and the providers who care for them must weigh the long-term benefits of surgery against the short-term health risks for an individual patient. However, counseling on the tradeoffs of surgical intervention too often rely on population average risk rather than individualized estimates of risks/benefits. This research will create a decision support tool for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism in older adults and, in doing so, establish a framework for how to combine individualized risk prediction with stakeholder feedback to develop surgical decision support that will inform treatment recommendations for older adults and reduce long-term morbidity.

PI_NAMEs: SEIB, CAROLYN DACEY (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SALIVE, MARCEL

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Administrative Supplement;Affect;Benefits and Risks;Caring;Chronic Kidney Failure;Clinical;comparative effectiveness;Counseling;Data;Decision Making;design;effectiveness/implementation trial;Elderly;Endocrine System Diseases;Feedback;Fracture;fracture risk;frailty;Funding;Health;Hybrids;Hyperparathyroidism;implementation science;improved;Incidence;individual patient;individualized medicine;innovation;K-Series Research Career Programs;Kidney Calculi;Medical;Methodology;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality risk;older adult;Operative Surgical Procedures;osteoporosis with pathological fracture;Outcome;Parathyroidectomy;Parents;patient oriented;Patient-Centered Care;Patients;Perioperative;personalized risk prediction;Population;predictive modeling;prevent;Provider;Recommendation;Research;Research Methodology;Risk;Risk Estimate;Risk Reduction;skills;Standardization;support tools;Surgical Management;surgical risk;Testing;Training;treatment center;Vulnerable Populations

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing a framework to individualize surgical decision-making for older adults with primary hyperparathyroidism: Administrative supplement to promote research continuity and retention


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: SEATTLE

ORG_NAME: ALLEN INSTITUTE

ORG_STATE: WA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The field of spatial biology is transforming the landscape of scientific discovery, improving our ability to probe the mechanisms that underly disease states and the response of diseased cells and tissues to treatments. It is critical to extend these methods to bigger and bolder scientific questions, yet we currently lack imaging tools that are fast and efficient enough to support the scale that these experiments will demand. To address this need, this project will develop a pair of Exa-scale Tissue Readout Methods (ExTReMe).

PI_NAMEs: GLASER, ADAM K (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KIM, EUNYOUNG

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Address;Antibodies;Binding;Biology;Brain;brain cell;brain research;cell type;Cells;Communication;Complex;cost;Data;Data Storage and Retrieval;Developmental Biology;Diagnosis;Dimensions;Disease;experimental study;frontier;Genes;Human;Image;Imaging Device;Imaging technology;Immunology;improved;in situ sequencing;Individual;innovation;Label;Laws;Light;Macaca;Maps;Messenger RNA;meter;Methods;Microscopy;Modernization;Molecular;molecular marker;Molecular Profiling;nanoscale;Nervous System Disorder;neural circuit;Neurons;neuropsychiatric disorder;Neurosciences;Oncology;Process;Proteins;Reading;Resolution;response;RNA;Sea;Signal Transduction;stem;Synapses;System;Time;Tissue Expansion;tissue processing;Tissues;Transcript;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Exa-scale tissue readout methods


ADMINISTERING_IC: IP

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CENTER FOR IMMUNIZATION AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES

ORG_CITY: SAINT LOUIS

ORG_DEPT: EMERGENCY MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: MO

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE – COMPONENT A Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections are the leading causes of vaccine preventable deaths in the United States. Yearly changes in influenza vaccines as well as the creation of new vaccines for SARS- CoV-2 make it imperative to understand what factors affect respiratory viral vaccine effectiveness. This study proposes to utilize a test negative study design to determine the real-world effectiveness of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in different populations and the factors that alter their effectiveness. PROJECT NARRATIVE – COMPONENT C The factors which influence the observed variability in influenza and SARS-CoV-2 transmission in households is poorly understood. This study is a case-ascertained household transmission study to determine what patient and environmental factors affect influenza and SARS-CoV-2 transmission within the home. The role of viral vaccination on household transmission will also be explored. PROJECT NARRATIVE – COMPONENT D Understanding the human immune response to viral vaccination is critical to the development of more effective viral vaccines. This study will enroll participants for a prospective study of the immune response to influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. This study will contribute data and samples to a national consortium to elucidate the immune response within 4 weeks of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination to inform future improvement in available respiratory viral vaccines and vaccine strategy.

PI_NAMEs: HOUSE, STACEY  (contact)

PROJECT_TITLE: RFA-IP-22-004, Multidisciplinary Approach to Understanding Vaccine Efficacy and Transmission of Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in the Real World


ADMINISTERING_IC: TS

IC_NAME: AGENCY FOR TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND DISEASE REGISTRY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed research is relevant to public health because if focuses on establishing a longitudinal cohort of individuals at higher risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with a focus on workers with established occupational risk factors, to support efforts to understand the links between occupational exposures and disease development. Participants will provide information on residential, occupational, and lifestyle exposures along with biospecimens, which will allow us to understand what critical exposure or exposure interactions occur and can be ultimately used to prevent ALS development in persons at higher risk.

PI_NAMEs: FELDMAN, EVA LUCILLE;GOUTMAN, STEPHEN  (contact)

PROJECT_TITLE: RFA-TS-23-001: Establishing the Cohort for Occupational Risk and Prevention Studies for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS CORPS)


ADMINISTERING_IC: OH

ED_INST_TYPE: OTHER SPECIALIZED SCHOOLS

FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHERS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

ORG_CITY: ROLLA

ORG_NAME: MISSOURI UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The U.S. mining industry has advanced technological innovations to improve safety, health, and environmental impacts. These technologies have reduced accidents and fatalities over the years. For example, the number of fatalities decreased by 65% from 206 in 1984 to 71 in 2010. The fatality rate also decreased by 56% from 58.43 to 25.74 within the same period. However, the industry has one of the most dangerous environments for workers. The 2021 fatality rate of 16.15 was four times the average rate for all US industries. Autonomy, robotics, and intelligent (ARI) systems are the next frontiers for addressing the grand challenges of mining fatalities. ARI systems will greatly improve safety, health, and efficiencies. However, current applications have minimal safeguards to ensure the safety of ARI-human interactions. These minimal safeguards increase the probability of accidents and fatalities, conflicting equipment protocols, risks and hazards, and erroneous intelligent responses, resulting in human and economic losses.

PI_NAMEs: ALLADA, VENKATA ;AWUAH-OFFEI, KWAME ;CEN, NAN ;FRIMPONG, SAMUEL  (contact);MADRIA, SANJAY ;ROGHANCHI, PEDRAM ;SONG, YUN SEONG ;ZAWODNIOK, MACIEJ

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LIOCE, MARIA

PROJECT_TITLE: Research and Technological Innovations in Automation, Robotics, and Intelligent Mining Systems for Transformative Improvements in Workplace Safety, Health, and Efficiencies


ADMINISTERING_IC: AR

FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_DEPT: UROLOGY

ORG_NAME: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The role of cholesterol in perpetuating inflammatory processes in the skin is largely unexplored despite evidence demonstrating epidermal cholesterol overload in several inflammatory skin diseases. We will use a novel synthetic biologic capable of modulating keratinocyte cholesterol levels to better understand relevant mechanisms and lay the foundation for targeting cholesterol as a novel treatment for inflammatory skin conditions.

PI_NAMEs: TRUJILLO, JACQUELYN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: UNDALE, ANITA H

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Acute;Adverse effects;Affect;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;anti-microbial peptide;Antiinflammatory Effect;Atrophic condition of skin;Attention;Binding;Biological;Biological Products;CCL20 gene;Cell membrane;Cells;Charge;Chemicals;chemokine;Chemotactic Factors;Cholesterol;cholesterol biosynthesis;Cholesterol Esters;Cholesterol Homeostasis;cholesterol trafficking;cholesterol transporters;Chronic;chronic inflammatory skin;clinically relevant;corneal epithelium;Corneal Injury;CXCL1 gene;cytokine;Data;Development;Diameter;Disease;disease model;Disease Progression;Epidermis;Epithelial Cells;Foundations;Genetic Transcription;Goals;healthcare burden;High Density Lipoproteins;Ichthyoses;IL8 gene;Imiquimod;Immune;immune activation;immune cell infiltrate;Immune signaling;Immune System Diseases;Immunosuppressive Agents;Impaired wound healing;in vivo;in vivo Model;Inflammation;Inflammatory;inflammatory modulation;Inflammatory Response;Interferon Type II;Interleukin Activation;interleukin-23;Interleukins;keratinocyte;Link;Liver X Receptor;Macrophage;Measures;Mediating;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;nanoparticle;novel;Nuclear Receptors;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Penetration;physical property;Positioning Attribute;Predisposition;Process;Proliferating;Psoriasis;Regulation;Research;Role;Rosacea;S100A7;Safety;scavenger receptor;Signal Transduction;Skin;skin disorder;SR-B proteins;success;targeted treatment;Therapeutic;Thick;TNF gene;tool;Topical application;Topical Corticosteroids;uptake;wound healing

PROJECT_TITLE: Targeting keratinocyte cholesterol metabolism to reveal novel mechanisms for treating inflammatory skin disease


ADMINISTERING_IC: VA

IC_NAME: Veterans Affairs

ORG_CITY: TEMPLE

ORG_NAME: OLIN TEAGUE VETERANS CENTER

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent and represents a high healthcare burden among veterans. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a brain-based therapy that may be effective for treating PTSD. The theorized mechanism of rTMS is enhancement of emotional flexibility via the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex node of the brain’s cognitive control network. Given this mechanism of action, adding rTMS to an evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) for PTSD may enhance treatment effects. Written exposure therapy (WET) is a brief EBP for PTSD found to reduce attrition compared to lengthier first line treatments. In this study, we will determine if active rTMS added to WET compared with sham rTMS added to WET results in improved PTSD outcomes. We will also determine if emotional flexibility is a mechanism of symptom improvement. This work will improve upon PTSD intervention and inform the mechanism of treatment effectiveness for Veterans suffering from PTSD.

PI_NAMEs: LANTRIP, CRYSTAL  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Affective;Affective Symptoms;Appointment;Area;Attention;Award;Behavior Therapy;Behavioral Mechanisms;behavioral study;Brain;brain based;brain behavior;career;Centers of Research Excellence;Clinic;Clinical;Clinical Treatment;Clinical Trials;Cognition;Cognitive;cognitive control;cognitive enhancement;Collaborations;Dedications;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Dose;Double-Blind Method;Down-Regulation;effective intervention;effective therapy;Effectiveness;Electromagnetics;emotion dysregulation;emotion regulation;Emotional;Emotions;evidence base;experience;Fellowship;flexibility;Freedom;Future;Goals;healthcare burden;improved;Individual Differences;Intervention;Investigation;Length;Magnetism;Mediating;Mediator;men;Mental Depression;Mental disorders;Mental Health;Mentors;Mission;neural;neuromechanism;Neurons;novel;operation;Outcome;Patients;Phase;Physiologic pulse;Positioning Attribute;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Postdoctoral Fellow;Prefrontal Cortex;Process;Property;Psychotherapy;Quality of Care;Randomized;Randomized, Controlled Trials;reduce symptoms;repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation;Research;Research Personnel;Sampling;Scalp structure;Site;Stimulus;symptomatic improvement;Symptoms;Testing;theories;Time;Training;Trauma;trauma exposure;treatment effect;Treatment Effectiveness;Treatment outcome;Treatment Protocols;treatment-resistant depression;Up-Regulation;Veterans;War;Woman;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Augmented Written Exposure Therapy for Veterans with PTSD


ORG_CITY: NASHVILLE

ORG_NAME: VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION

ORG_STATE: TN

PHR: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) has a ~4-time greater prevalence among Veteran’s Health Administration patients. Severe end-stage vascular manifestations of SSc, such as pulmonary hypertension, digital ulcers, scleroderma renal crisis, calcinosis, telangiectases, and malnutrition due to gastrointestinal tract involvement represent a continuum of damage that results of increased endothelial cell permeability and dysregulated vascular tone, which ultimately results in fibrosis. Although SSc is heterogeneous in the extent of organ involvement and prognosis, it is accepted that all SSc cases have a progressive and usually devastating course. Current SSc animal models are insufficient for studying this complex pathogenesis; however, inducible pluripotential stem cells offer a novel method to build upon our prior work that supports sublingual microvascular measures of the glycocalyx can clarify the pathogenesis of end-stage symptomatic vasculopathy.

PI_NAMEs: FRECH, TRACY MINAN (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Adhesions;Affect;Age;Animal Model;Apoptosis;Apoptotic;Arteries;arteriole;Autoantibodies;Autoimmune Diseases;Biopsy;Blood;Blood capillaries;Blood flow;Blood Vessels;Body System;brachial artery;Calcinosis;Cell Line;Cell model;Cells;Clinical;Clinical assessments;Clinical effectiveness;clinical practice;Clinical Research;comparison control;Complex;Complication;Cutaneous;Cutaneous sclerosis;Data;density;Dermal;Development;Diagnosis;Diffuse;Digestive System Disorders;digital;Disease;disease mechanisms study;effective therapy;Endothelial Cells;endothelial dysfunction;endothelial stem cell;Endothelium;Etiology;evidence base;Fibroblasts;Fibrosis;Frequencies;Functional disorder;Gastrointestinal tract structure;Glycocalyx;Goals;healing;Health;health assessment;Homeostasis;Hospital Costs;Human;Immune;immune cell infiltrate;Immunologics;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;in vitro testing;in vivo;induced pluripotent stem cell;insight;Intervention;Kidney;Leukocyte Rolling;Leukocytes;Malnutrition;Measurement;Measures;Methods;Microscope;Microscopic;Microscopy;Microvascular Dysfunction;Military Personnel;Modeling;Monitor;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Natural History;novel;Oral cavity;Organ;Oxidative Stress;Pathogenesis;Patient Outcomes Assessments;Patients;peripheral blood;Permeability;Persons;Phenotype;Predictive Value;Prevalence;prevent;Prognosis;programs;Pulmonary Hypertension;Quality of life;Rare Diseases;Research;Scleroderma;sex;Signal Transduction;skin biopsy;stem cell model;symptomatology;Symptoms;Systemic disease;Systemic Scleroderma;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic evaluation;Therapeutic Studies;Thick;Thrombosis;Time;Tissues;tool;trial design;Ulcer;Vascular Diseases;Vascular Endothelium;Vascular Permeabilities;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration;Video Microscopy;Visit;Work;wound healing

PROJECT_TITLE: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) vasculopathy: Improved clinical monitoring and treatment


PHR: Obesity-associated type 2 diabetes is a public health crisis. Dysfunctional adipose tissue (fat) plays a central role in diabetes development. Adipose tissue is composed not only of fat cells but tissues that surround fat cells referred to as the extracellular matrix. We have shown that the matrix plays an important role in regulating fat cell function and that manipulation of the matrix may be a useful strategy to “repair” dysfunctional fat cells as novel treatment for diabetes. This proposal studies the role of the matrix in regulating fat cell function and will identify strategies to alter the extracellular matrix to repair adipose tissue dysfunction. Our approach includes study of human cells in the test tube-based experiments, and a mouse model of diabetes in which human fat cells are transplanted into mouse fat to determine if human fat cells delivered in matrix engineered in the test tube can be used to treat diabetes. This proposal will generate important information regarding matrix-fat cell communication and generate novel matrix -based treatments for diabetes.

PI_NAMEs: O'ROURKE, ROBERT W (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Address;Adipocytes;Adipose tissue;Advanced Glycosylation End Products;Biology;Biomedical Engineering;CD18 Antigens;Cell Communication;Cell Physiology;Cell Transplantation;Cells;cellular engineering;Chronic;clinically relevant;Cytoskeleton;Data;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;diabetes pathogenesis;Diabetic mouse;Disease;Doctor of Philosophy;Engineering;experience;experimental study;Extracellular Matrix;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Functional disorder;Goals;Human;human tissue;Hydrogels;In Vitro;in vivo;Infrastructure;insight;Insulin;Insulin Resistance;Integrins;ITGB2 gene;Knowledge;Link;Lipids;Literature;Mechanics;Mediating;Mediator;Metabolic;Metabolic Diseases;Metabolic dysfunction;Metabolism;military veteran;Modeling;Modification;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;new therapeutic target;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;novel;Nutrient;Obesity;Organ;Pathogenesis;Phenotype;Play;Population;Positioning Attribute;programs;Public Health;Regulation;repaired;Research;Research Personnel;Research Support;response;rho;Risk;Role;Scientist;Signal Transduction;Stromal Cells;Study models;System;Testing;Tissues;Toxic effect;translational potential;transplant model;Transplantation;treatment strategy;Tube;Xenograft Model

PROJECT_TITLE: Extracellular matrix-adipocyte metabolic crosstalk and diabetes


ORG_CITY: SAN DIEGO

ORG_NAME: VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

PHR: Knee osteoarthritis (kOA) is highly prevalent in U.S. military service members and Veterans due to the impact of joint trauma and overuse injury. Its socioeconomic impact will approach $60 billion per year with no cure. kOA is considered a cell-mediated condition involving low-grade inflammation involving all joint tissues. The overall goal of this project is to optimize/validate novel non-invasive (Restriction Spectrum Imaging (RSI) and Ultrashort Echo Time Dual Echo Steady State (UTE-DESS) MRI biomarkers of joint inflammation that can identify and characterize inflammatory changes of cellular infiltrates, fibrosis, vascularity in synovium, infrapatellar fat pad and bone marrow. We will deploy MR biomarkers of inflammation in an animal model and translate optimized sequences to assess kOA conservative therapy cohorts. We will develop a multi-variate statistical model incorporating outcomes from clinical morphologic MRI, novel MR biomarkers of inflammation, MR spectroscopy to create a structural/ biochemical framework to correlate with kOA pain/function.

PI_NAMEs: CHUNG, CHRISTINE B (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 15q;Acute;Address;Affect;Animal Model;Biochemical;Biological Markers;Blood Vessels;bone;Bone Marrow;Cadaver;Caring;Cartilage;Cells;Cellularity;chromosome 5q loss;chronic musculoskeletal pain;Clinical;clinical translation;cohort;Cumulative Trauma Disorders;Data;Degenerative polyarthritis;density;Detection;Diffusion;diffusion weighted;Disease;economic impact;effusion;Elements;Evaluation;Exhibits;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Fatty Acids;Fibrosis;follow-up;functional improvement;Funding;Goals;Histologic;Hyperplasia;Image;Infiltration;Inflammaging;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Institution;Intervention;Intravenous;joint inflammation;joint injury;Joints;Knee;Knee Osteoarthritis;knee replacement arthroplasty;Length;Literature;loss of function;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;magnetic resonance imaging biomarker;Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy;Maps;Marrow;Measures;Mediating;Meniscus structure of joint;military service;Morphology;mouse model;Multivariate Analysis;Mus;Natural Immunity;novel;osteoarthritis pain;Outcome;Pain;pain relief;Pathway interactions;patient population;Patients;Peripheral Vascular Diseases;pre-clinical;prescription opioid;Process;programs;Property;Protocols documentation;Protons;Quantitative Evaluations;repaired;Resolution;response;Restriction Spectrum Imaging;Risk;Role;Saturated Fatty Acids;Scanning;service member;socioeconomics;Standardization;Statistical Models;subchondral bone;Synovial Fluid;Synovial Membrane;Synovitis;Techniques;Time;Tissue Donors;Tissues;Translating;Traumatic Arthropathy;treatment response;Veterans;Visit;Water;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: MR Biomarkers of Inflammation in Knee Osteoarthritis


ORG_CITY: COLUMBIA

ORG_NAME: HARRY S. TRUMAN MEMORIAL VA HOSPITAL

PHR: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the aggressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is rapidly becoming a worldwide public health problem. It is more common in the military and Veteran population compared to the general US population. NASH may progress to end-stage liver disease and primary liver cancer, and hence there is critical need for effective treatment. The goal of this clinical trial is to test whether low dose thyroid hormone administered to Veterans diagnosed with NASH can be an effective therapy mediated by improvement in breaking down fat in the mitochondria. The study will be conducted in two stages, the first stage is for proof of concept to be followed by interim analysis. If the interim analysis supports the merit for continuing the study, the clinical trial will proceed to stage 2 for continuation. This study will provide new information and strategies for treatment of NASH using low dose thyroid hormone that will be highly relevant and impactful to the health of the Veteran population.

PI_NAMEs: IBDAH, JAMAL A (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: active method;Adverse event;Animals;Biogenesis;Biopsy;Biopsy Specimen;Cell Culture Techniques;chronic liver disease;Cirrhosis;Clinical;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;comparison control;Control Groups;Controlled Clinical Trials;Cultured Cells;Data;Diagnosis;diet and exercise;Dose;Double-Blind Method;effective therapy;efficacy evaluation;end stage liver disease;Energy Intake;Enzymes;Epidemic;Fatty acid glycerol esters;fatty acid oxidation;Fibrosis;Gene Expression;Goals;Health;Histologic;human data;human subject;imaging study;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Life Style Modification;Link;Liver;liver biopsy;Liver Fibrosis;Liver Mitochondria;long chain fatty acid;Malignant neoplasm of liver;Measurement;Measures;Mediating;Military Personnel;military veteran;Mitochondria;Multienzyme Complexes;Mus;non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;Normal Range;Obesity;Outcome;Pathologic;Patients;Physical activity;PINK1 gene;Placebo Control;placebo group;Placebos;Population;power analysis;PPAR alpha;pre-clinical;Prevalence;Primary carcinoma of the liver cells;Primary Malignant Neoplasm of Liver;primary outcome;Probability;Proteins;Public Health;Quality Control;Randomized;Recommendation;recruit;secondary outcome;SIRT1 gene;standard care;success;Testing;Thyroid Function Tests;Thyroid Gland;Thyroid Hormones;Thyrotropin;Thyroxine;Titrations;treatment group;treatment response;treatment strategy;trend;United States;Veterans

PROJECT_TITLE: Low Dose Thyroid Hormone, Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation, and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)


ORG_CITY: MADISON

ORG_NAME: WM S. MIDDLETON MEMORIAL VETERANS HOSP

ORG_STATE: WI

PHR: The planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway regulates the development of a variety of tissues and organs. Defects in PCP have been associated with many human diseases, including neural tube defects, deafness, polycystic kidneys, cleft palate, and congenital heart diseases. Increasing evidence also suggests a role of PCP in certain cancers by promoting tumor cell migration and invasion. The goal of this project is to reveal fundamental insights into the mechanisms of the mammalian PCP pathway in controlling melanoma metastasis and devise novel strategies for future treatment. US military personnel have higher rates of melanoma than civilians because of the heavy exposure to sunlight in the deployment setting. Since the Veteran population are at higher risk of developing malignant melanoma, and our proposed study aims at identifying novel strategies for melanoma treatment, our work is relevant and significant to the health care of our Veterans.

PI_NAMEs: CHANG, HAO  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Afghanistan;Alleles;Behavior;Blocking Antibodies;BRAF gene;cancer diagnosis;Cancer Patient;cell killing;Cell Line;cell motility;Cell Polarity;Cell Proliferation;Cells;Cessation of life;Chimera organism;Cleft Palate;clinically relevant;congenital heart abnormality;Cyclin D1;deafness;Defect;Development;Diagnosis;Disease;Disease Outcome;Distant Metastasis;drug development;drug discovery;Ectopic Expression;epithelial to mesenchymal transition;experimental study;Exposure to;Future;gain of function;Genes;Genetic study;Genomics;Goals;Healthcare;high risk;Human;human disease;human tissue;In Vitro;in vivo;indexing;innovation;insight;interdisciplinary approach;Invaded;Iraq;knock-down;Knock-out;liquid crystal polymer;live cell imaging;loss of function;Lung;Lysosomes;Malignant Neoplasms;Matrix Metalloproteinases;Mediating;MEKs;Melanins;melanocyte;Melanoma;Melanoma Cell;Metastatic Melanoma;Metastatic Neoplasm to the Lung;Military Personnel;military veteran;Mission;Modeling;Monitor;mouse model;Mus;mutant;Neoplasm Metastasis;neoplasm registry;neoplastic cell;Neural Tube Defects;novel;novel strategies;Organ;overexpression;Pathway interactions;patient derived xenograft model;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;planar cell polarity;Polycystic Kidney Diseases;prevent;Process;programs;prospective;protein degradation;Proteins;Ras/Raf;Recurrence;Research;Role;Sampling;Signal Pathway;Skin;Skin Cancer;Skin Neoplasms;Sunlight;survivorship;System;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;Tissue Microarray;Tissues;transcriptomics;Transgenic Mice;Tumor Cell Migration;Tumor Promotion;ultraviolet;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;Veterans;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Planar Cell Polarity Control in Melanoma Metastasis


ORG_NAME: VETERANS AFFAIRS MED CTR SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: This project will focus on two VA Clinical Science Research and Development priority research areas: (1) traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosis and (2) diseases with a high healthcare burden in Veterans. Over the 4- year timeline of this project, it is expected that the total number of acute TBIs sustained by older Veterans residing in the U.S. (N>520,000) will exceed the total number of TBIs sustained by active duty service members in the past 20 years (N=413,858). Geriatric TBI is a massive epidemic within Veterans Health Administration (VHA) with high associated morbidity, mortality, and cost. Yet, acute geriatric TBI has never been prospectively studied by VHA. This pioneering project will comprehensively characterize baseline and longitudinal endophenotypes of older Veterans presenting with acute TBI to our VA. Findings will inform precision medicine approaches to age-appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and disease-monitoring that are urgently needed to improve outcomes in this large and burdened population of Veterans.

PI_NAMEs: MUKHERJEE, PRATIK  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accident and Emergency department;active duty;Acute;Address;Adult;Age;age related;Aging;Amyloid beta-42;Amyloid beta-Protein;Area;Biologic Characteristic;Biological;Biological Markers;blast exposure;Blood;brain magnetic resonance imaging;Chemical Exposure;Clinical;Clinical assessments;clinical phenotype;Clinical Sciences;Clinical Trials;Cognitive;cohort;Common Data Element;cost;Data;Dementia;density;Development;Diagnosis;Diffusion;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;disability;Disease;effective intervention;Elderly;endophenotype;Enrollment;Epidemic;evidence based guidelines;Exclusion;falls;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Funding;Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein;Health;healthcare burden;high risk;Hospitals;Image;Impaired cognition;improved outcome;Incidence;Injury;Knowledge;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Medical;medical attention;mild traumatic brain injury;Military Personnel;military veteran;Monitor;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;multidisciplinary;National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke;Neurites;neuroimaging;neuroimaging marker;older adult;Older Population;Orthopedics;Outcome;Patients;Phenotype;Population;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;precision medicine;Predisposition;Prognosis;Prospective cohort;Prospective Studies;Prospective, cohort study;Proteomics;Protocols documentation;public health emergency;Recovery of Function;Research;research and development;Research Infrastructure;Research Priority;Residual state;Rest;Risk Factors;service member;Services;Site;Specificity;substance use;tau-1;TBI Patients;timeline;Trauma;trauma centers;Traumatic Brain Injury;United States National Institutes of Health;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration

PROJECT_TITLE: Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Older Veterans with Acute Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-VA)


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Autoimmune Disease;Brain Disorders;Microbiome;Multiple Sclerosis;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_NAME: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: Project Narrative: Despite significant advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) therapeutics, current treatments for MS are expensive, complicated to manage and suboptimal in that many patients continue to have breakthrough disease activity and progression, as well as expected adverse effects of medications that suppress the immune system. Disease progression in MS is mediated by activation of astrocyte and microglia, yet none of the currently approved FDA drugs for the treatment of MS effectively target these glial cells. This project aims at identifying gut microbiota and gut microbiota derived metabolites that regulate astrocytes function and their impact on neuroinflammation with the ultimate goal to develop the first microbiome-based therapies for the prevention and treatment of MS.

PI_NAMEs: TANKOU, STEPHANIE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: UTZ, URSULA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adverse effects;Advisory Committees;Animal Model;Astrocytes;Bacteria;blood-brain barrier permeabilization;brain parenchyma;Butyrates;career;career development;cell motility;Cells;Central Nervous System;claudin 4;Clinical Research;Collaborations;Data;Development Plans;Disease;Disease Progression;Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis;experimental study;Faculty;FDA approved;Fellowship;Flow Cytometry;Germ-Free;Goals;gut bacteria;gut microbiome;gut microbiota;gut-brain axis;Hospitals;Household;Human;Immune;immune cell infiltrate;Immune system;Immunofluorescence Immunologic;immunoregulation;In Vitro;in vivo;Inflammation;Injections;innovation;interest;International;Laboratory Study;Learning;Measures;Mediating;medical schools;meetings;Mentors;Metagenomics;microbiome;microbiome therapeutics;microbiota;microbiota metabolites;Microglia;mouse model;Multiple Sclerosis;multiple sclerosis patient;multiple sclerosis treatment;Mus;Nerve Degeneration;Neuroglia;neuroinflammation;neuropsychiatric disorder;Patients;Penetration;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacotherapy;Phenotype;Physicians;Positioning Attribute;Postdoctoral Fellow;preclinical study;Prevention therapy;Principal Investigator;Proteins;Publications;reconstitution;Research;Research Personnel;Resources;Role;Scientist;Shotguns;Sodium Butyrate;Spinal Cord;stool sample;Structure;symposium;tenure track;Testing;Therapeutic;Tight Junctions;Time;trafficking;Training;Vancomycin;Western Blotting;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Astrocyte Barrier Function


PHR: The proposed CDA- 2 will provide Dr. Friend with the training and support to examine if immune signaling contributes to trauma disorders by analyzing potential blood-based markers of immune function in female Veterans with military sexual trauma (MST) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding the mechanistic link between MST and peripheral and central inflammation will inform our understanding of immune disruption as a potential prognostic biomarker. Moreover, biomarkers derived from central nervous system (CNS) extracellular vesicles could allow for less invasive CNS pathology testing in PTSD and other neuropsychiatric conditions. Thus, this proposal aims to support the VA mission of developing precision medicine tools for Veteran care, especially in women’s health and mental health.

PI_NAMEs: RISBROUGH, VICTORIA B (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Anxiety;Area;Astrocytes;Autoimmune Diseases;Autoimmunity;Automobile Driving;biobank;Biological;Biological Markers;Biological Process;biomarker discovery;Blood;Blood typing procedure;blood-based biomarker;Caring;Cell Differentiation process;Central Nervous System;chronic pain;Clinic;Clinical;Collection;comorbidity;comparison group;Control Groups;cytokine;Data Collection;design;Diagnosis;Disease;Eating;Eating Disorders;Elements;epidemiologic data;Epidemiology;Exhibits;exosome;experience;Exposure to;extracellular vesicles;Female;follow-up;Friends;Future;Gene Expression;Health;Immune;immune function;Immune response;Immune signaling;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;Immunologic Markers;improved;Individual;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Bowel Diseases;inflammatory marker;Interferon Type II;Interleukin-1 beta;Interleukin-2;Interleukin-6;Investigation;Knowledge;Link;Literature;Longitudinal Studies;Measures;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Metabolism;Military Personnel;Mission;neuroinflammation;neuropsychiatry;novel marker;Obesity;Pathology;Patients;Peripheral;Phenotype;physical conditioning;Plasma;Polymerase Chain Reaction;Population;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;posttranscriptional;precision medicine;Prevalence;Primary Care;Prognosis;Prognostic Marker;Proliferating;Proteins;Psychoneuroimmunology;recruit;Research;Reverse Transcription;Rheumatoid Arthritis;Risk;Risk Factors;Risk Marker;risk sharing;RNA;Sampling;Severities;sexual assault;Sexual Harassment;sexual trauma;skills;Source;substance use;Substance Use Disorder;Symptoms;targeted treatment;Testing;Thyroiditis;Time;Tissues;TNF gene;tool;Training;Trauma;trauma symptom;treatment response;treatment strategy;Veterans;Visit;Woman;Women's Health

PROJECT_TITLE: Peripheral and central nervous system inflammation associated with military sexual trauma and PTSD


PHR: The Department of Defense (DOD) estimates that more than 41,000 veterans were likely overexposed to pesticides during the Gulf War (GW).17 In addition to pesticides, GW veterans were exposed to a myriad of other chemicals/toxicants during deployment.1 Despite the epidemiological link between environmental exposures, particularly pesticides, and Parkinson’s disease (PD),4 there is no reliable data on incidence or prevalence of PD among GW veterans.1 PD’s symptomatology is heterogenous. There are motor and non- motor symptoms (NMS),7 which are similar to many symptoms of Gulf War Illness (GWI) and can precede clinical diagnosis by decades.9 The proposed study will examine the long-term consequences of GWI in the context of aging and PD. The precocious diagnosis of PD in GW veterans with high-levels of deployment- related exposures could facilitate the targeted delivery of neuroprotective therapies when they become available. At-risk veterans may also be counseled to adopt lifestyle changes that may lower their risk of PD.13

PI_NAMEs: CHAO, LINDA L (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Adopted;affective disturbance;Age;Aging;Anxiety;associated symptom;Basal Ganglia;behavior measurement;Behavioral;Characteristics;Chemical Exposure;Chemicals;Clinical;clinical diagnosis;Cognitive;cohort;Counseling;Data;Data Set;Department of Defense;dexterity;Diagnosis;Disease;dopaminergic neuron;Enrollment;Environmental Exposure;epidemiologic data;Epidemiology;epidemiology study;experience;experimental study;Exposure to;Fatigue;Frequencies;gastrointestinal;Gender;Gulf War;Gulf War veteran;Hazardous Chemicals;Hazardous Substances;Health;Human Resources;Image;Impaired cognition;in vivo;Incidence;Individual;International;Investigation;Iron;Kansas;Life Style;Link;Magnetic Resonance;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Manuals;Measures;Memory;Mental Depression;Military Personnel;Moods;motor symptom;Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale;Movement Disorders;N-acetylaspartate;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuromelanin;neuron loss;Neurons;neuroprotection;non-motor symptom;Pain;Parkinson Disease;Participant;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Persian Gulf;Persian Gulf Syndrome;persistent symptom;Pesticides;Physical activity;Pigments;Prevalence;Probability;progression marker;Questionnaires;Recording of previous events;Research;Risk;Severities;Sexual Dysfunction;Sleep disturbances;Societies;Substantia nigra structure;symptomatology;Symptoms;targeted delivery;Testing;toxicant;Toxicant exposure;urinary;Veterans;War;Water

PROJECT_TITLE: An investigation of the relationship between toxicant exposures during Gulf War deployment and prodromal Parkinson's disease.


ADMINISTERING_IC: GM

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PHARMACY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

ORG_CITY: BALTIMORE

ORG_DEPT: PHARMACOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE

ORG_STATE: MD

PHR: Project Narrative This project seeks to further develop a molecular dynamics simulation tool to enable mechanistic studies of proton-coupled dynamic processes in biology. The new tool will be applied to advance the basic understand- ing of a membrane transporter which contributes to cancer drug resistance and renal secretion of urate. This project also seeks to develop simulation and machine learning tools to explore the druggable space in the human proteome.

PI_NAMEs: SHEN, JANA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TAYLOR, VERONICA

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;ABCG2 gene;Acceleration;Aspartic Endopeptidases;Biology;cancer drug resistance;Caspase;Chemicals;chemoproteomics;Coupled;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Cysteine;Data;Development;drug discovery;efflux pump;Excretory function;Grant;Growth;Human;Human Cell Line;human disease;Kidney;Knowledge;Lysine;Machine Learning;Membrane Transport Proteins;Methods;Molecular;molecular dynamics;Motion;multi drug transporter;neural network;Opioid Receptor;particle;Phosphotransferases;Physics;Positioning Attribute;Process;protein structure;Proteins;Proteome;Proteomics;Protons;Resolution;simulation;Site;Sodium-Hydrogen Antiporter;structural genomics;Structure;tool;tool development;Urate;whole genome

PROJECT_TITLE: Molecular mechanisms of proton-coupled dynamic processes in biology


ORG_CITY: LOS ANGELES

ORG_NAME: VA GREATER LOS ANGELES HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

PHR: During deployment, active military service members are exposed to sun for extended periods of time, and often have inadequate access to sun protection. Later in life, Veterans are predisposed to develop cancers of the skin’s epidermis. Thus, these cancers represent over 80% of malignancies plaguing our U.S. Veterans, and they often seek dermatologic evaluation for diagnosis of potential skin cancers. Currently, the diagnosis of these cancers relies on skin biopsy, which results in tissue processing and another clinical visit for definitive treatment if the biopsy is positive or an unnecessary scar if the biopsy is negative. The current proposal applies digital enhancement technology with state-of-the-art reflectance confocal microscopy to provide histology- grade images of skin to aid in the diagnosis of skin lesions without performing an invasive skin biopsy. If successful, the development of this technology may allow for future strategies to streamline Veteran dermatologic care and prevent unnecessary biopsies.

PI_NAMEs: SCUMPIA, PHILIP  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: accurate diagnosis;Acetic Acids;Actinic keratosis;Adoption;Age;Algorithmic Software;Algorithms;Architecture;Arizona;Basal cell carcinoma;Benign;Biopsy;cancer diagnosis;Caring;Cicatrix;Clinic;Clinic Visits;Clinical;Clinical assessments;Clinics and Hospitals;Color;Communities;Computer software;cost;COVID-19 pandemic;Data;data acquisition;Data Set;deep learning;deep learning algorithm;Dermatologic;Dermatologist;Dermatology;Development;Devices;Diagnosis;diagnosis evaluation;diagnostic accuracy;digital;digital imaging;digital technology;Early Diagnosis;Early treatment;Enhancement Technology;Epidermis;Exposure to;Freezing;Future;General Population;generative adversarial network;Goals;Growth;Healthcare Systems;Histologic;histological image;histological stains;Histology;Image;Imaging Device;imaging modality;Imaging technology;improved;in vivo;Individual;irritation;Junctional Nevus;keratinocyte;Keratinocyte tumor;Lesion;Libraries;Licensing;Life;Machine Learning;machine learning algorithm;Malignant - descriptor;Malignant Epithelial Cell;Malignant Keratinocyte;Malignant Neoplasms;Medical Care Costs;Medical Imaging;Methodology;Microscopic;microscopic imaging;Military Personnel;military service;multiphoton microscopy;Neoplasms;noninvasive diagnosis;novel;Nuclear;Optical Coherence Tomography;Output;Pathologist;Pathology;Patient Care;Patients;Pilot Projects;portability;premalignant;prevent;Procedures;prospective;reflectance confocal microscopy;Resolution;Risk;Sampling;Scanning;Seborrheic keratosis;service member;Signal Transduction;skills;Skin;skin biopsy;Skin Cancer;Skin Carcinoma;skin disorder;skin lesion;Skin Malignancy;Skin Neoplasms;skin squamous cell carcinoma;Slide;Squamous cell carcinoma;Stains;Sun Exposure;sun protection;Techniques;Technology;technology development;teledermatology;telehealth;Testing;Time;tissue processing;Tissue Stains;Tissues;tool;Training;training data;Triage;United States;Universities;uptake;Veterans;virtual;Visit;Wait Time;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Machine Learning and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy for Biopsy-free Virtual Histology of Squamous Skin Neoplasms


ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_NAME: DURHAM VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: NARRATIVE Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) from exposure to explosions, bombs, and blasts is experienced by a large number of returning military veterans. Some veterans experience symptoms immediately following exposure to the blast (concussive TBI) whereas others experience no symptoms in the immediate aftermath of the exposure (subconcussive TBI). We plan to study the effects of subconcussive and concussive blast exposures on the brain by using MRI to image both functional and structural connections within the brain. Using advanced brain imaging, we plan to map the functional and structural connections in the brain to determine the relationship between brain connections and the blast events. Discovery of these relationships will stimulate future discovery of treatments that are optimally tailored to the mechanism and type of injury.

PI_NAMEs: MOREY, RAJENDRA A (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;advanced analytics;Affect;algorithm training;analytical method;Behavioral Symptoms;blast exposure;Brain;Brain Concussion;Brain imaging;brain tissue;Categories;Chronic;Chronic Phase;Clinical;Clinical Management;Cognition;comparison group;Complex;Control Groups;Coupled;Coupling;Data;depressive symptoms;Development;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Disease;effective therapy;Etiology;Evaluation;Event;experience;Explosion;Exposure to;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;functional MRI scan;Future;Goals;head impact;Health;Heterogeneity;Image;indexing;Individual;individual variation;Injury;Knowledge;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Major Depressive Disorder;Maps;Masks;Measurable;Measures;Methodology;Methods;mild traumatic brain injury;military veteran;mood symptom;network architecture;Neurobehavioral Manifestations;Neurocognitive;neuroimaging;neuropsychiatric symptom;optimal treatments;Pathologic;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Performance;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;precision medicine;psychiatric symptom;Recording of previous events;recruit;Research;Rest;Source;Spatial Distribution;Stereotyping;Structure;subconcussion;Surface;symptom cluster;Symptoms;Traumatic Brain Injury;vector;Veterans;white matter;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Mapping Subject-Specific Structural and Functional Connectivity to Parse the Unique Contributions of Subconcussive Blast, Mild TBI, and PTSD


ORG_NAME: VA PUGET SOUND HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

PHR: Blast related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been called the “signature injury” of Veterans who served in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Though termed “mild,” repetitive blast exposures are common over the course of a military career and frequently result in persistent symptoms including cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairment, leading to a significant negative impact on the Veterans' quality of life. The aims of the current study are centered on understanding the role of inflammation in the brain following blast exposure as measured using molecular imaging. A mouse model of blast mTBI will be studied to interpret imaging findings directly with brain pathology, and Veterans with and without blast mTBI will be studied to interpret imaging results with other clinical research tests and clinical symptoms. Knowledge gained will provide translational evidence for neuroinflammation as an important process in understanding effects of blast mTBI, and provide the basis for which potential pharmacotherapies can be tested.

PI_NAMEs: TERRY, GARTH  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Address;Affect;Afghanistan;Area;Autopsy;Basic Science;Behavioral;Behavioral Symptoms;Biological Markers;biomarker validation;blast exposure;Blast Injuries;Brain;Brain imaging;Brain Pathology;career;career development;Cerebrospinal Fluid;Characteristics;Chronic;Chronic Headaches;chronic traumatic encephalopathy;Clinical;Clinical assessments;clinical center;Clinical Data;Clinical Research;clinically relevant;Cognitive;Collaborations;Collection;cooking;Data;density;design;Development;Development Plans;Diagnosis;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;disability;disease model;Doctor of Philosophy;Education;Environment;experience;Faculty;Family Relationship;fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography;Foundations;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Funding;glial activation;Goals;Grant;Healthcare;Human;Image;Image Analysis;Immunohistochemistry;Impairment;improved;in vivo;in vivo imaging;Inflammation;Injury;Investments;Iraq;K-Series Research Career Programs;Knowledge;Laboratories;Learning;Measures;meetings;Mental disorders;Mentors;Microglia;Microscopic;mild traumatic brain injury;Military Personnel;Modality;Molecular;Molecular Biology;molecular imaging;Morphology;mouse model;multidisciplinary;Mus;Nerve Degeneration;Neuroanatomy;Neurobehavioral Manifestations;neuroimaging;neuroimaging marker;neuroinflammation;neuropathology;neuropsychiatric disorder;neuropsychiatric symptom;neuropsychiatry;Neuropsychology;Neurosciences;Occupations;Outcome Measure;parametric imaging;Pathology;persistent symptom;Pharmacotherapy;Positioning Attribute;Positron-Emission Tomography;Post-Concussion Syndrome;pre-clinical;Process;programs;Proteins;Psychiatrist;Quality of life;quantitative imaging;Radiochemistry;radioligand;Recording of previous events;Research;Research Activity;research clinical testing;research faculty;Research Personnel;Rest;Risk;Role;Sampling;Schedule;senior faculty;service member;skills;sound;Statistical Data Interpretation;statistics;Structural defect;success;symposium;Symptoms;tau Proteins;tau-1;Testing;therapeutic development;Time;Training;Training Activity;translational applications;translational approach;Translational Research;uptake;Veterans

PROJECT_TITLE: Molecular imaging of neuroinflammation in repetitive mild traumatic brain injury


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Autoimmune Disease;Immunotherapy

ORG_NAME: BENAROYA RESEARCH INST AT VIRGINIA MASON

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE We have developed a novel IL-2 ‘mutein’ that is highly selective for Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (TR), potently expands TR in vivo, and arrests ongoing autoimmunity and induces durable disease protection in pre-clinical models of autoimmunity. Mechanistically, we hypothesize that IL-2 mutein treatment promotes functional interactions between TR and antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs), and that this results in synergistic IL-2 and TCR signaling that drives the proliferation and expansion of highly activated TR that inhibit DC function and prevent the activation, differentiation and function of autoreactive T cells. In this proposal, we will test each aspect of this hypothesis using innovative murine models to provide a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of how IL-2 muteins function to promote TR expansion and induction of immune tolerance.

PI_NAMEs: CAMPBELL, DANIEL J (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JIANG, CHAO

PROJECT_TERMS: Affinity;Antigen Presentation;Autoimmune Diseases;Autoimmunity;autoreactive T cell;Biology;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;CD80 gene;CD86 gene;Cell Communication;Cell Physiology;Cellular Metabolic Process;CTLA4 gene;cytokine;Dendritic cell activation;Dendritic Cells;Development;Disease;early phase clinical trial;effector T cell;experimental study;FOXP3 gene;Funding Mechanisms;Homeostasis;Human;Immune Tolerance;in vivo;Inbred NOD Mice;Inflammatory;innovation;insight;Interleukin 2 Receptor;Interleukin-2;Ligands;Measures;Mediating;Metabolic;Methods;mouse model;Mus;mutein 2;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;Pre-Clinical Model;prevent;Proliferating;Regulation;Regulatory T-Lymphocyte;Research;Signal Transduction;Surface;T cell response;T-Cell Activation;T-Cell Receptor;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Uses;Translations

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanisms of Il-2-mediated immune tolerance

STUDY_SECTION: HAI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Hypersensitivity, Autoimmune, and Immune-mediated Diseases Study Section[HAI]


ORG_CITY: SALT LAKE CITY

ORG_NAME: VA SALT LAKE CITY HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

ORG_STATE: UT

PHR: Narrative - Our goal is to investigate how a new imaging method, ultrahigh-B diffusion MRI (UHb-DWI) can discern, differentiate, and quantitate: demyelination, remyelination, axonal injury and axonal loss in the central nervous system (CNS). Based on our recent works, intra-axonal water fraction and high-b diffusivity are related to axonal density and degree of demyelination, respectively, therefore these values will be very powerful for evaluation of pathologic stage and treatment response involving the nerve tracts in multiple sclerosis, and other major CNS diseases including Neuromyelitis Optica, Optic Neuritis, Traumatic Brain Injury, Alzheimer’s Disease. In this project, we will, (a) correlate biomarkers measured with UHb-DWI with demyelination and axonal loss in an animal model of cord injury, (b) establish a reference library of healthy human CNS data in eight groups of different age and gender, and (c) acquire exploratory data on a limited cohort of multiple sclerosis patients to establish proof of concept for human applications.

PI_NAMEs: JEONG, EUN-KEE (E.K.)  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Age;age group;Alzheimer's Disease;Animal Model;Anterior;Axon;axon injury;Biological Markers;Brain Stem;Central Nervous System;Central Nervous System Diseases;Cervical;Cervical spinal cord structure;Clinical;Clinical Research;cohort;Corpus Callosum;Data;data acquisition;Databases;Demyelinations;density;Detection;Diffusion;Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging;disability impact;Disease;Early Diagnosis;Edema;Evaluation;Evolution;Exhibits;experience;Extracellular Space;Fiber;Gender;Goals;Head and neck structure;Histology;Human;imaging modality;improved;Inflammation;Injury;Investigation;Lesion;Libraries;Lysophosphatidylcholines;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Manuscripts;Maps;Measurement;Measures;Mental Health;Methods;Minor;Modeling;Monitor;Monte Carlo Method;Multifocal Lesion;Multiple Sclerosis;Multiple Sclerosis Lesions;multiple sclerosis patient;Mus;Myelin;myelination;Nerve;Nerve Degeneration;neuroimaging;Neuromyelitis Optica;neuroprotection;non-invasive imaging;novel;Optic Nerve;Optic Neuritis;optical imaging;Outcome;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Performance;physical conditioning;preclinical study;preservation;Radial;Rattus;remyelination;Reproducibility;Sensitivity and Specificity;signal processing;Signal Transduction;Spinal Cord Diseases;Spinal cord injury;Spinal Cord Lesions;spinal cord white matter;Structure;Syndrome;System;Technology;Traumatic Brain Injury;treatment response;Variant;Water;water diffusion;Water Movements;white matter;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Quantitation of myelin damage in optic nerve, brainstem, cervical spinal cord, and corpus-callosum in MS


ORG_CITY: Decatur

ORG_STATE: GA

PHR: Most Veterans will develop heart or vascular disease during their lifetime, and are affected disproportionately by the burden of traditional atherosclerotic disease risk factors. Research to date has largely focused on the role of traditional risk factors and the occurrence of a subset of atherosclerotic outcomes, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular disease death. There has been minimal research investigating the effects of non-traditional risk factors, utility of existing predictive algorithms, and disease prognosis for Veterans who develop heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or stroke. This project provides the opportunity to utilize a national cohort of Veterans to investigate the determinants of initial risk and prognosis for Veterans for heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or stroke. It also expands the scope of risk factor research, to include blood cell indices, frailty, obstructive sleep apnea, and aortic stenosis and to better understand the outcomes, and prognosis for cardiovascular outcomes in the VA population.

PI_NAMEs: CHO, KELLY ;WILSON, PETER WYMAN (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Affect;Age;Age Factors;Age Years;Alcohol consumption;alcohol use disorder;Algorithms;Ambulatory Care;American;American Heart Association;aortic valve replacement;Aortic Valve Stenosis;Assessment tool;Atherosclerosis;Atrial Fibrillation;Biological Assay;Biological Markers;Black Populations;Blood;Blood Cells;Blood Pressure;Blood Vessels;Body mass index;Calendar;Cardiology;Cardiovascular Diseases;cardiovascular disorder risk;cardiovascular risk factor;Cardiovascular system;Cause of Death;Cessation of life;Chronic Disease;Chronic Kidney Failure;cigarette smoking;Classification;Code;cohort;college;Complex;County;Data;data curation;data modeling;Data Sources;Databases;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Disease;Disease Outcome;disease prognosis;EFRAC;Electronic Health Record;Equation;Erythrocyte Indices;Ethnic Origin;Evaluation;Event;experience;follow-up;Formulation;frailty;Funding;Glomerular Filtration Rate;Glucose;Glycosylated hemoglobin A;Health care facility;Heart;Heart Diseases;Heart failure;heart failure with reduced ejection fraction;Hemoglobin;High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol;High Density Lipoproteins;Hispanic Populations;hospital laboratories;hospital readmission;Hospitalization;human old age (65+);ICD-9;Incidence;indexing;innovation;Insurance;interest;Investigation;Laboratories;LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins;Length of Stay;Leukocytes;lifestyle factors;Link;Lipids;lipoprotein cholesterol;male;Maps;Measurement;Measures;Mediation;Medical;Modeling;Modernization;mortality;multimodality;Myocardial Infarction;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;novel;Obstructive Sleep Apnea;older adult;Outcome;Outpatients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Population;prediction algorithm;preservation;Preventive;Preventive therapy;Productivity;Prognosis;Progress Reports;prospective;Publishing;Race;Recurrence;Renal function;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Risk;Risk Assessment;Risk Estimate;Risk Factors;risk prediction;Role;Serum Albumin;sex;Stroke;stroke risk;suburb;Testing;Thyrotropin;Time;United States;United States Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;Validation;Vascular Diseases;venous thromboembolism;Veterans;Veterans Health Administration;virtual;Visit;Visualization;White Blood Cell Count procedure

PROJECT_TITLE: Investigation of Heart and Vascular Outcomes in Older Veterans


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biotechnology

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Cells live in complex and changing environments; to survive they must be able to sense the environment, transmit this information to intracellular effectors and respond appropriately. How biological networks process and transmit information is a critical gap in our understanding of the way in which healthy and diseased cells and cellular communities respond and make decisions. We will take a multi-pronged approach that combines technology development, biological experiments, and modeling to uncover the principles that dictate signal processing by biological networks.

PI_NAMEs: MCCLEAN, MEGAN N (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WANG, PEGGY

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Biological;biological adaptation to stress;Candida albicans;cell behavior;cell community;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Physiology;Cells;Communities;Complex;Decision Making;design;Disease;Environment;experimental study;extracellular;Gene Expression;Human;Individual;Kinetics;Knowledge;Light;Mammalian Cell;mathematical model;Microbial Biofilms;Microfluidics;Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases;Mitogens;Modeling;optogenetics;Organism;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Phosphotransferases;Population;Process;programs;Proliferating;Property;Proteins;Research;Research Proposals;response;Saccharomyces cerevisiae;sensor;Signal Pathway;signal processing;Signal Transduction;Soil;spatiotemporal;Specificity;Stress;System;technology development;tool;transcription factor;transmission process;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Elucidating the network design principles of biological signal processing

STUDY_SECTION: MRAC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Maximizing Investigators' Research Award C Study Section[MRAC]


ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: VA BOSTON HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: Project Narrative: This project is to conduct a first-in-human clinical study to determine the dose of bladder cancer-targeting nanomicelles loaded with a chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel in the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. This nanomicelle drug delivery platform has the potential to decrease cancer recurrence, prevent cancer progression to more advanced stages, reduce the cost associated with patient care, and improve treatment outcomes.

PI_NAMEs: PAN, CHONG-XIAN  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: absorption;Address;Amino Acid Sequence;arm;BCG Live;Binding;Biopsy;Biopsy Specimen;Bladder;Blood Cells;cancer cell;cancer diagnosis;Cancer Patient;cancer recurrence;Canis familiaris;cell killing;Cells;Chemistry;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials;Clinical Trials Design;cohort;Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events;Conduct Clinical Trials;Consultations;Correlative Study;cost;Cystoscopy;Cytology;Data;Diagnosis;Disease Progression;Dose;Drug Delivery Systems;Drug Targeting;effective therapy;Fibroblasts;first-in-human;Funding;Future;Goals;Good Manufacturing Process;Grant;Hour;Human;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Inflammation;intravesical;Intravesical Instillation;Investigational Drugs;Investigational New Drug Application;K-Series Research Career Programs;Ligands;Malignant neoplasm of urinary bladder;Malignant Neoplasms;manufacture;Maximum Tolerated Dose;Measures;Medical;Methods;Micelles;Minor;Molecular;Names;nanomicelles;nanoscale;Newly Diagnosed;non-muscle invasive bladder cancer;novel;open label;Paclitaxel;Patient Care;Patients;pembrolizumab;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacology;Phase;Phase I Clinical Trials;phase I trial;Population;prevent;Published Comment;Radical Cystectomy;Recommendation;recruit;Recurrence;Refractory;Reporting;Research Design;Resources;response;Safety;Sample Size;Secondary to;Specificity;Surface;systemic toxicity;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Agents;Toxic effect;Toxicology;Transurethral Resection;Treatment outcome;tumor progression;Umbilicus;United States;United States Food and Drug Administration;Urine;Urothelial Cell;Vascular Endothelial Cell

PROJECT_TITLE: A Phase I trial of cancer-targeting micelles for non-myoinvasive bladder cancer


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS);Brain Disorders;Genetics;Immunotherapy;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Pediatric;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: IRVINE

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE No treatments or biomarkers are available for motor neuron disorders (MND) because our understanding of the etiology of these diseases is still limited. The proposed research aims at investigating the role of the adaptive immune system in the rare, juvenile MND ALS4 (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 4) by using both mouse models and patient's samples. The knowledge that will be generated from this research project will contribute to define whether T cells contribute to ALS pathology and can be used as biomarkers of disease progression.

PI_NAMEs: CAMPISI, LAURA ;MARAZZI, IVAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GUBITZ, AMELIE

PROJECT_TERMS: Adaptive Immune System;Adolescent;Adoptive Transfer;Affect;ALS pathology;ALS2 gene;Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Animal Testing;Antigens;Autoimmune Process;Autoimmunity;autosomal dominant mutation;autosome;behavior test;behavioral impairment;Big Data;Biological Markers;Blood;Bone Marrow Transplantation;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;CD8B1 gene;cell type;Cells;Central Nervous System;Cessation of life;Clinical Management;Clonal Expansion;Cortical Cord;Data;diagnostic biomarker;Disease;Disease Progression;DNA;Epigenetic Process;Etiology;experimental study;Frequencies;Functional disorder;fused in sarcoma;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Genetic Variation;Goals;helicase;Hematological Disease;Hematopoietic System;Histologic;Histology;Human;human model;Immune;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;Immunity;Immunologic Markers;Immunologics;Immunophenotyping;Immunotherapy;Inflammatory Response;Knock-in;Knock-in Mouse;knockin animal;Knockout Mice;Knowledge;Link;Memory;Modeling;Molecular;Motor Cortex;Motor Neuron Disease;Motor Neurons;mouse model;Mus;Mutation;Nerve Degeneration;network models;Neuroglia;Neuroimmune;neuroimmunology;Neurons;new therapeutic target;novel;Nuclear;Pathologic;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;peripheral blood;Play;Population;Population Analysis;Process;programs;progressive neurodegeneration;Proteins;Reporting;Research;Research Project Grants;Resolution;response;RNA Helicase;Role;Sampling;Spinal Cord;Structure;T cell response;T-Cell Activation;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Tissues;transcriptomics;Variant

PROJECT_TITLE: T cell immunity in a rare juvenile form of motor neuron disease

STUDY_SECTION: CDIN

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Chronic Dysfunction and Integrative Neurodegeneration Study Section[CDIN]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DA

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse;Women's Health Research

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative This exploratory grant aims to increase an understanding of substance use, how it impacts HIV care, and how to address it in a critical population, female sex workers (FSW) aged 18 years and older, in South Africa (SA), using data and infrastructure from an ongoing adaptive intervention, the Siyaphambili trial. The study will: (1) Characterize substance use among the FSW living with HIV who participated in the Siyaphambili trial, with a focus on identifying temporal patterns of polysubstance use, using Latent Transition Analysis (LTA), their associated determinants (e.g., violence, stigma, economic vulnerability), and if they modify the effectiveness of the sequentially adaptive strategy to improve HIV care outcomes; (2) Conduct mixed methods formative research on how to deliver substance use treatment for FSW in the context of HIV care through semi-structured interviews with 200 FSW engaged in the Siyaphambili study or in the TB HIV Care (THC) treatment and prevention sex worker program who report any illicit drug use, to ascertain experiences with substances, treatment (e.g. types, relapse), willingness for treatment, and preferences for treatment using a discrete choice experiment. This data will be supplemented by in-depth interviews with 10 implementation partners (e.g., nurses, clinic management) recruited through our partnership with THC; and (3) Organize an Implementation Development Workgroup to initiate crosstalk with domestic and international collaborators on substance in FSW to refine emergent implementation strategies for evaluation across contexts.

PI_NAMEs: KNOX, JUSTIN ;SCHWARTZ, SHEREE RENAE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LEE-WINN, ANGELA EUNJI

PROJECT_TERMS: 18 year old;adaptive intervention;Address;Adherence;Adult;AIDS prevention;alcohol use disorder;Behavior Therapy;binge drinking;care outcomes;Caring;Case Management;Case Manager;Client;Clinic;cohort;Collaborations;Data;Decentralization;Development;Disease;Drug Use Disorder;Economics;Effectiveness;Evaluation;evidence base;experience;experimental study;female sex worker;Goals;Grant;Health;Heroin;High Prevalence;HIV;HIV Infections;HIV/TB;illicit drug use;implementation evaluation;implementation intervention;implementation science;implementation strategy;improved;Incidence;Infrastructure;insight;International;Intervention;Interview;Logistics;mathematical model;Methodology;Methods;mHealth;Motivation;NIH Office of AIDS Research;Nurses;Pattern;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacotherapy;polysubstance use;Population;preference;Prevention;primary outcome;programs;Public Health;Recreation;recruit;Relapse;Reporting;Research;Research Personnel;Research Priority;Risk;screening;Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial;sex;Site;social stigma;South Africa;Structure;substance use;substance use treatment;success;Time;transmission process;treatment optimization;Violence;Viral;willingness;women's outcomes

PROJECT_TITLE: The Siyaphambili Substance Use Study: Exploring substance use and its treatment in the context of achieving sustained ART adherence among female sex workers

STUDY_SECTION: HIBI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV/AIDS Intra- and Inter-personal Determinants and Behavioral Interventions Study Section[HIBI]


ED_INST_TYPE: UNIVERSITY-WIDE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Building Research Capacity at Institutions with Limited NIH Funding;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: LAS VEGAS

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA LAS VEGAS

ORG_STATE: NV

PHR: The proposed research is expected to uncover a mechanism by which bacteria can circumvent the toxicity associated with overactivation of the envelope stress response, and to determine the universality of this mechanism. This is relevant to public health because this knowledge is necessary if therapeutics targeting this bactericidal effect are to be developed to alleviate the growing problem of multidrug-resistant infections. This project is relevant to the mission of NIH because it is expected to provide fundamental knowledge about bacterial stress responses in pathogens that can be exploited in the future to reduce the burden of infections and improve health outcomes.

PI_NAMEs: TSENG, BOO SHAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PEI, WUHONG

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Antibiotics;Bacteria;bactericide;Base Pairing;Binding;biological adaptation to stress;cell envelope;Cells;Client;Codon Nucleotides;Complex;Data;Development;Escherichia coli;Future;Gammaproteobacteria;Gene Expression;Gene Proteins;genome sequencing;Goals;Gram-Negative Bacteria;Health;Heat shock proteins;Heat-Shock Response;Homologous Gene;improved;Infection;infection burden;Knowledge;Literature;marginalized population;Methods;Microbe;Minority-Serving Institution;Mission;Modeling;Molecular Chaperones;Multi-Drug Resistance;mutant;Organism;Outcome;pathogen;Predisposition;Production;Program Sustainability;Proteins;Pseudomonas aeruginosa;Public Health;Publishing;Recording of previous events;Regulation;repaired;Repression;Research;Research Personnel;response;Role;Sigma Factor;Stress;student training;Suppressor Mutations;System;Testing;therapeutic target;Toxic effect;United States National Institutes of Health;Vibrio cholerae;Western Blotting;whole genome;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Exploring envelope stress response toxicity and regulation in gram-negative bacteria