ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

ORG_CITY: ROCHESTER

ORG_NAME: ROCHESTER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

PHR: Project Narrative The extent to which electronic cigarette users may compensate for lower nicotine eliquids by consuming more product has particular implications on the effectiveness of clinical and regulatory interventions. Decisions to use reduced nicotine products or regulations limiting nicotine concentration in eliquids may not reduce nicotine consumption. In fact, such decisions might result in adverse health effects arising from increased consumption of harmful constituents. This project aims to provide evidence to inform regulatory policy on nicotine content in e-liquids by elucidating how nicotine absorption in the body is jointly affected by e-liquid nicotine concentration and vaping behavior.

PI_NAMEs: ROBINSON, RISA JEAN (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KAUTZ, MARY A

PROJECT_TERMS: absorption;Accounting;Address;Affect;Behavior;Biological Markers;Categories;Characteristics;Clinical effectiveness;Compensation;Complex;Consumption;Cotinine;cytokine;Data;data fusion;Decision Making;design;Devices;Drug Kinetics;Electronic cigarette;electronic cigarette use;electronic cigarette user;electronic liquid;Environment;Exposure to;Goals;Health;improved;Inflammatory;innovation;Interleukin-6;Intervention;Joints;Kinetics;liquid nicotine;malignant mouth neoplasm;Measures;Modeling;Monitor;Nicotine;nicotine exposure;nicotine use;novel;novel strategies;Observational Study;Outcome;Outcome Measure;Participant;Particulate Matter;Performance;Play;Policies;population health;Public Health;Reaction;Regulation;Reporting;Research Design;Risk Assessment;Sales;Salivary;Science;Shapes;Testing;Time;tobacco products;uptake;urinary;vaping

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing Evidence To Inform Regulatory Policy On Nicotine Content In E-Liquids


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions;Clinical Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Lung;Pediatric;Physical Activity;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: PEDIATRICS

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  Over 3 million children in the United States attend schools within 100 meters of a major roadway, resulting in significant exposure to traffic-related air pollutants during school hours and while commuting to and from school. Through our multi-disciplinary partnership with students and community leaders, we will identify time windows of susceptibility to inhaled black carbon pollution. Our innovative approach to integrating laboratory measurements of lung physiology with individual-level air pollution exposures will provide preliminary data for future intervention studies and may directly impact policies in communities where schools are located adjacent to major traffic routes.

PI_NAMEs: LOVINSKY-DESIR, STEPHANIE  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FREEMER, MICHELLE M

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Affect;Air;Air Pollutants;Air Pollution;airway inflammation;Applications Grants;Asthma;Breathing;Calibration;Carbon Black;Cardiopulmonary;Child;Childhood;cohort;Communities;community intervention;community partnership;Commuting;cost efficient;Data;data integration;Development;Environment;environmental justice;Environmental Science;evidence base;Exercise Test;Exposure to;Future;Global Positioning System;Green space;Health;Health Policy;Heart Rate;heart rate monitor;Height;High School Student;Hour;improved;Individual;Inhalation;Inhalation Exposure;innovation;Intervention;Intervention Studies;Knowledge;Laboratories;lifestyle intervention;Link;Location;Lung;lung health;Maintenance;Measurement;Measures;meter;Monitor;multidisciplinary;National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute;novel;particulate pollutant;Pattern;Physical activity;Physiology;Pilot Projects;Plants;Play;Policies;pollutant;Pollution;Predisposition;programs;Protocols documentation;Public Health;Public Policy;pulmonary function;recruit;respiratory;Rest;Risk;Route;Schools;sensor;Soot;Source;Statutes and Laws;Students;Subway;technology development;Tidal Volume;Time;Transportation;Trees;United States;Urban Community;urban school;ventilation;Walking;Washington;wearable device;wearable sensor technology;Work;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Pollution and Lung Health in Active Youth (PLAY) at School

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHL1 CSR-K (O2)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Genetics;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Malaria;Rare Diseases;Rural Health;Vector-Borne Diseases

ORG_CITY: INDIANAPOLIS

ORG_DEPT: GENETICS

ORG_NAME: INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS

ORG_STATE: IN

PHR: Project Narrative  Anopheles stephensi is a highly competent vector of urban malaria parasites that is rapidly spreading across the globe. The ability of this mosquito to thrive in urban environments distinguishes it from other primary malaria vectors that inhabit rural areas, greatly expanding the number of people it threatens. The proposed research program will evaluate new yeast-based technologies to facilitate the control of this dangerous mosquito.

PI_NAMEs: SCHEEL, MOLLY DUMAN (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: COSTERO-SAINT DENIS, ADRIANA

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Aedes;Africa;Anopheles gambiae;Anopheles Genus;Cessation of life;Cities;combat;Consumption;cost effective;Culex (Genus);Culicidae;Dangerousness;Data;design;Diet;Disease Vectors;Evaluation;Female;Formulation;Friends;Future;Gene Silencing;Generations;Genes;Goals;high throughput screening;improved;innovation;Insecta;Insecticides;Investigation;Laboratories;Larva;Life;Malaria;male;model organism;mortality;Mosquito Control;new technology;Organism;Orthologous Gene;Outcome;Parasites;Persons;Pesticides;population based;Preparation;Production;programs;Research;RNA;RNA Interference;rural area;Saccharomyces cerevisiae;Series;sex;Site;small hairpin RNA;Sorting;Southern Asia;sterile insect technique;sugar;System;targeted agent;Technology;Testing;tool;trial design;urban setting;vector;vector mosquito;World Health Organization;Yeasts

PROJECT_TITLE: Silencing Anopheles stephensi

STUDY_SECTION: TVZ

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Transmission of Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases Study Section [TVZ]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Pediatric;Social Determinants of Health;Telehealth;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: WEST HAVEN

ORG_DEPT: BIOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEW HAVEN

ORG_STATE: CT

PHR: Project Narrative Evidence-based home visiting programs for new mothers improve many outcomes for children and mothers, including reduction of health inequities, but have not been well studied with telehealth delivery, as has been used since March 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions. The purpose of this proposed secondary data analysis is to examine the importance of establishing the home visitor-family relationship in person before starting telehealth visits. These analyses will inform the use of telehealth in home visiting, which we anticipate continuing, to a lesser extent, after in-person visits can safely resume.

PI_NAMEs: HOLLAND, MARGARET LANGFORD (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LONGO, MONICA

PROJECT_TERMS: Adoption;Age;Breast Feeding;Characteristics;Child;Child Abuse and Neglect;Child Development;Child Health;Collaborations;Communities;COVID-19;COVID-19 pandemic;Data;Data Analyses;depressive symptoms;Development;Developmental Delay Disorders;Early Intervention;Education;Educational process of instructing;Effectiveness;Elements;Enrollment;evidence base;experience;Family;Family Characteristics;Family health status;Family Nursing;Family Relationship;family support;flexibility;Foundations;Frequencies;Future;Goals;Health;health inequalities;Home;Home visitation;improved;Intake;intimate partner violence;Knowledge;Lead;Lifting;Low income;Maternal and Child Health;Mediator;Mental Health;Mentors;Modeling;Mothers;Natural experiment;Nurses;Outcome;pandemic disruption;Persons;Positioning Attribute;Pregnancy;pregnant;Process;programs;Recommendation;Regression Analysis;Sample Size;screening;Services;Site;telehealth;Telephone;Testing;Therapeutic;Third Pregnancy Trimester;Time;tool;Training;Trust;United States;Visit;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Telehealth in home visiting for new mothers: Are outcomes different if the first visits are in person?

STUDY_SECTION: CHHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Health, Behavior, and Context Study Section[CHHD-M]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human

ORG_CITY: NEW HAVEN

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_NAME: YALE UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Accumulated evidence has now shown that following severe inflammatory exposures, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells can rewrite their transcriptional and epigenetic programs in a type of epigenetic memory that predisposes them to more robust responses to future challenges such as infection or cancer. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of this process, termed “trained immunity”, is a critical step in translating efforts to the clinic. In this proposal, we aim to test and define the role of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), and ILC2-derived cytokines such as GM-CSF in this process.

PI_NAMEs: FLAVELL, RICHARD A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JOFFE, AARON MICHAEL

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;anti-cancer;Antibodies;beta-Glucans;Bone Marrow;Bone Marrow Cells;Cell Separation;cell type;Cells;Clinic;CXCR4 gene;cytokine;Data;Dependence;Disease;Emergency Situation;Environment;epigenetic memory;Epigenetic Process;Exposure to;Future;Gene Expression;Genetic;Genetic Transcription;Glucans;granulocyte;Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor;Helper-Inducer T-Lymphocyte;Hematopoiesis;Hematopoietic;Hematopoietic stem cells;Homeostasis;Immune;Immune system;Immunity;Immunosuppression;in vivo;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Intervention;Knowledge;Link;Lymphocyte;Lymphoid Cell;Malignant Neoplasms;Modeling;Molecular;Mus;Myeloid Cells;Myelopoiesis;Natural Immunity;new therapeutic target;novel;Output;Pathway interactions;Patients;Play;Population;Process;Production;programs;Proliferating;recruit;Regulation;Resolution;response;Role;Shapes;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;Sorting;Source;stem cell proliferation;Stimulus;System;T-Lymphocyte Subsets;targeted treatment;Testing;Time;Tissues;Training;transcription factor;Translating;tumor;Tumor Immunity;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Regulation of hematopoiesis and trained immunity by innate lymphocytes

STUDY_SECTION: TTT

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Transplantation, Tolerance, and Tumor Immunology Study Section[TTT]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Diabetes;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Wound Healing and Care

ORG_CITY: CHAPEL HILL

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: Staphylococci and Enterococci are responsible for over half of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSIs) and effective antibiotic treatments are severely lacking due to widespread antibiotic resistance. We find that combining the unsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid with vancomycin sensitizes resistant populations of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis resulting in rapid bacterial death. We aim to identify how this antibiotic combination leads to bacterial cell death and to determine its potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of infection.

PI_NAMEs: ROWE, SARAH ELIZABETH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: XU, ZUOYU

PROJECT_TERMS: Abscess;Acids;Address;Aminoglycosides;Anabolism;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotic Therapy;antibiotic tolerance;Antibiotics;Bacitracin;Bacterial Infections;bactericide;Binding;Cell Death;Cell Physiology;Cell Wall;Cells;Cellulitis;Cessation of life;Chronic;chronic wound;Collaborations;Combined Antibiotics;Data;Development;Diabetic Foot;Diabetic Foot Ulcer;Diabetic mouse;diabetic ulcer;Dose;efficacy evaluation;Enterococcus;Enterococcus faecalis;Failure;Gene Expression;Genus staphylococcus;Gram-Positive Bacteria;Health Care Costs;Healthcare Industry;Hour;Human;Hydrophobicity;improved;Infection;innovation;Intermediate resistance;Intravenous;Kidney;Lipids;Liquid substance;Measures;Mediating;Membrane;Microbial Biofilms;Modeling;Monounsaturated Fatty Acids;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Mus;Nonesterified Fatty Acids;novel;novel drug combination;novel therapeutic intervention;Organism;palmitoleic acid;pathogen;Patients;Peptidoglycan;Phospholipids;Population;pre-clinical;Predisposition;Prevention;Public Health;Publishing;Reactive Oxygen Species;recruit;Resistance;resistance gene;resistant strain;Risk;Serum;Skin;Staphylococcus aureus;Structure;Testing;Therapeutic;Topical Antibiotic;Toxic effect;Treatment Efficacy;Treatment Failure;treatment strategy;Unsaturated Fatty Acids;Vancomycin;Vancomycin Resistance;Vancomycin resistant enterococcus;Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus;Wound Infection

PROJECT_TITLE: Application of palmitoleic acid to potentiate antibiotic efficacy

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 AIRT-J (01)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Biotechnology

ORG_CITY: NOVATO

ORG_NAME: BUCK INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH ON AGING

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The purpose of the work proposed here is to better understand how age-dependent dysfunction in human T cells, in terms of both their ability to amplify inflammation and defects in their effector function against pathogens, might result from cellular senescence, the often but not always senescence-related dysfunction of their lysosomal compartment, or both. Clarifying these questions will benefit public health by potentially identifying novel strategies for the targeting of these pathways in T cells for the improvement of both general health and immune function in aged individuals.

PI_NAMEs: SCHILLING, BIRGIT ;VERDIN, ERIC M. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LEITNER, WOLFGANG W

PROJECT_TERMS: adaptive immune response;Address;Affect;Age;age related;age related changes;aged;Aging;aging population;aging related;Attenuated;Autoimmunity;autoinflammation;Autophagocytosis;beta-Galactosidase;Biological Assay;Blood;Blood specimen;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;Cell Aging;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell surface;cell type;Cells;cohort;Complex;Confusion;cytokine;cytotoxic;cytotoxicity;Data;Defect;Deposition;Detergents;diagnostic tool;DNA;Doxorubicin;effective intervention;Effectiveness;Flow Cytometry;Fluorogenic Substrate;Functional disorder;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Profile;Gene Expression Profiling;Goals;Health;Human;Immune;immune clearance;immune function;Immune response;Immune system;Immune System Diseases;improved;In Vitro;Infiltration;Inflammaging;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Intervention;irradiation;Lipofuscin;Literature;Malignant Neoplasms;Maps;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Measures;Mediating;Molecular;Morbidity - disease rate;Normal Cell;novel diagnostics;novel marker;novel strategies;novel therapeutic intervention;novel therapeutics;Older Population;Paint;paracrine;pathogen;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Play;Population;pre-clinical;Prevalence;prevent;Process;programs;Proliferating;Property;protein aggregation;Proteins;Proteomics;proteostasis;Public Health;Publishing;response;Role;senescence;senescent cell;senolytics;senomorphic;Series;sex;Source;Sterility;Stress;Surface;T cell response;T-Lymphocyte;T-Lymphocyte Subsets;Techniques;Tissues;transcriptomics;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Cellular senescence and Associated Lysosomal Dysfunction in Immune Aging

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZAI1 VSR-I (S1)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Depression;Major Depressive Disorder;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Neurosciences;Serious Mental Illness

ORG_CITY: SALT LAKE CITY

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHIATRY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH

ORG_STATE: UT

PHR: Depression is a highly prevalent and debilitating brain illness that is often resistant to treatment. This project will evaluate a novel intervention that delivers low-intensity ultrasound precisely to the deep brain areas that cause depression. This work is expected to provide new noninvasive, individualized, flexible treatment options for an illness that weighs heavily on public health.

PI_NAMEs: KUBANEK, JAN ;MICKEY, BRIAN JAMES (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TILGHMAN, JESSICA IRENE

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Area;arm;Blinded;Brain;Brain region;Compensation;Cross-Over Trials;Data;Deep Brain Stimulation;Dependence;depressive symptoms;Devices;Diagnostic;Diffusion;Disease;efficacy trial;flexibility;Focused Ultrasound;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Goals;Head;Hour;Human;Implanted Electrodes;improved;Individual;Intervention;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Measures;Mental Depression;Mental disorders;Methods;mood symptom;Moods;neural;neuropsychiatric disorder;neuroregulation;novel;Operative Surgical Procedures;Participant;Patients;Phase;Physiologic pulse;Protocols documentation;Public Health;Randomized;reduce symptoms;Research Design;Resistance;Risk;Role;sham-controlled study;side effect;Specificity;Structure;Therapeutic;tool;tractography;treatment-resistant depression;Ultrasonic wave;Ultrasonics;ultrasound;white matter;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Noninvasive modulation of deep brain circuits for treatment-resistant depression

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZMH1 ERB-B (01)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biomedical Imaging;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Mental Health;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: BOSTON

ORG_NAME: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL

ORG_STATE: MA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been broadly employed to reveal the brain circuitry with enhanced (“activation”) or suppressed (“de-activation”) activity subserving various sensory and cognitive functions. Unlike fMRI “activations”, the metabolic and neurochemical processes underlying fMRI “de-activations” are much less understood. In this project, we will capitalize on cutting-edge, multi-modal imaging techniques to elucidate the mechanisms of task-evoked fMRI de-activations, facilitating their potential applications as an imaging marker for diagnosing and treating mental illnesses.

PI_NAMEs: CHEN, JINGYUAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: RANGEL GOMEZ, MAURICIO

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Attention;Automobile Driving;Biophysics;Blood flow;Brain;brain circuitry;Brain Mapping;Brain region;Calibration;Cell Respiration;Cerebrovascular Circulation;Cerebrum;Clinical;Cognitive;Cognitive deficits;cognitive function;cognitive task;Color;Consumption;Coupling;Diagnosis;disease diagnosis;Energy consumption;Epilepsy;Exhibits;Foundations;Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging;gamma-Aminobutyric Acid;Glucose;glucose metabolism;Glutamates;Goals;Heterogeneity;Hybrids;Image;imaging biomarker;imaging study;Imaging Techniques;Individual;inhibitory neuron;Investigation;Magnetic Resonance Imaging;Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy;Maps;Measures;Mental Depression;Mental disorders;Metabolic;metabolic imaging;metabolic rate;Metabolism;Modeling;Multimodal Imaging;multimodality;Nervous System Disorder;neural;Neural Inhibition;neurochemistry;Neurologic;Neurotransmitters;novel;Outcome;Outcome Study;Oxygen;Pattern;Physiological;Positron-Emission Tomography;Process;programs;Publications;PubMed;Reporting;Research;response;Rest;Role;Scanning;Schizophrenia;Sensory;Short-Term Memory;Signal Transduction;spectroscopic imaging;Stimulus;support network;Techniques;Testing;vasoconstriction

PROJECT_TITLE: Multi-modal imaging of the metabolic and neurochemical mechanisms underlying task-evoked negative BOLD signals

STUDY_SECTION: NPAS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neural Basis of Psychopathology, Addictions and Sleep Disorders Study Section[NPAS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: ES

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Cardiovascular;Childhood Obesity;Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods;Endocrine Disruptors;Estrogen;Genetics;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Heart Disease;Nutrition;Obesity;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Prevention;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Biological age acceleration starts early in life, even at birth, and has been associated with increased risk for chronic diseases in later life. In this investigation, we will integrate data on environmental chemical exposures, lifestyle factors, and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, to determine the impacts of early life environmental exposures on biological age acceleration in children and adolescents, and implicated mechanisms. Findings may inform personalized interventions for the early prevention of aging-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease.

PI_NAMEs: VALVI, DAMASKINI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HEACOCK, MICHELLE

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Adherence;Adolescence;Adolescent;adolescent health;Adult;Affect;Age;age acceleration;aging related;Air Pollution;Archives;Biological;Biological Markers;Biological Monitoring;Birth;Cardiovascular Diseases;cardiovascular disorder prevention;cardiovascular disorder risk;Chemical Exposure;Chemicals;Child;Childhood;Chronic Disease;Chronology;cohort;Country;Data;data integration;Data Science;design;Development;Diet;Dietary Factors;Disease;DNA Methylation;Early Intervention;early life exposure;Endocrine disruption;Endocrine Disruptors;environmental chemical exposure;Environmental Exposure;environmental stressor;epigenetic clock;European;Experimental Models;Exposure to;follow-up;Genetic;genetic variant;Growth;Health Policy;healthy aging;Heritability;Human;Inflammation;Inflammatory;innovation;Intervention;Investigation;Joints;Knowledge;late life;Length;Leukocytes;Life;life span;lifestyle factors;Measurement;Measures;Mediterranean Diet;Metabolic;Metabolic Pathway;Metabolism;mother nutrition;Mothers;multiple omics;Newborn Infant;Obesity;Oxidative Stress;Pathway interactions;personalized intervention;Plasma;Plasma Proteins;population based;Predisposition;Pregnancy;prenatal;prenatal environmental exposure;prenatal exposure;prevent;Prevention;Proteins;Proteome;Proteomics;Public Health;Resources;response;Risk;Risk Reduction;Socioeconomic Status;Stress;telomere;Telomere Shortening;Testing;Tobacco smoke

PROJECT_TITLE: Early-life environmental exposure mixtures and biological age acceleration in children and adolescents: susceptibility, potential interactions and underlying mechanisms

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZES1 LWJ-K (TL)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Asthma;Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Emergency Care;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Lung;Primary Health Care;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: STANFORD

ORG_DEPT: EMERGENCY MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: STANFORD UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed work will describe access to care among adult asthma patients enrolled in Medicaid managed care using national Medicaid claims, including the extent to which provider network density is associated with utilization and outcomes. The aims extend upon the PI’s K23 work identifying outcomes prioritized by adult asthma patients and will serve as critical preliminary data for an R01 examining policy drivers of outcomes and disparities among low-income asthma patients who rely on Medicaid.

PI_NAMEs: LIN, MICHELLE P (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: REYES, MADELYN

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;access restrictions;Accident and Emergency department;Acute;acute care;Address;Adult;Adult asthma;Advocate;Affect;Age;Ambulatory Care;Asthma;asthma exacerbation;asthmatic patient;Attenuated;beneficiary;black patient;care outcomes;Caring;Clinic;comorbidity;Data;density;Disparity;Emergency department visit;Enrollment;ethnic minority;experience;federal policy;follow-up;Health;Health Care Costs;health disparity;Health Insurance;health plan;Health Services Accessibility;Hospitalization;hospitalization rates;Hypersensitivity;Improve Access;Inpatients;Insurance;Insurance Claim Review;Low income;Low Income Population;low socioeconomic status;Managed Care;Managed Care Programs;marginalized community;Measures;Mediator;Medicaid;medical specialties;member;multidisciplinary;novel;Outcome;outcome disparities;participant enrollment;Patients;Policies;Policy Analysis;Policy Maker;poor health outcome;Primary Care;primary care provider;Privatization;Proliferating;Provider;provider networks;Publishing;Pulmonology;racial minority;Reporting;Research;Risk;Sampling;sex;Source;Specialist;Testing;Time;Variant;Visit;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Investigating Medicaid Policy and Access to Asthma Care and Treatment (IMPACT)


ADMINISTERING_IC: DA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_DEPT: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

PHR: Narrative We will develop innovative new technology for tracking precise 3D kinematics during social behaviors in freely moving animals. Our proposed experimental platform will illuminate how natural social interactions are organized and help us understand how they are controlled by the nervous system, and how this control goes awry in disease. The technological leap made possible by this grant will catalyze a host of studies on the neural mechanisms underlying social behavior and mental disorders, and thus help in the discovery of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for afflicted patients.

PI_NAMEs: DUNN, TIMOTHY WILLIAM (contact);OLVECZKY, BENCE P

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MOORE, HOLLY MARIE

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Address;Adoption;Animal Behavior;Animal Experiments;Animal Model;Animals;Architecture;Attitude;Behavior;behavior measurement;Behavioral;Benchmarking;Birds;Brain;Calibration;Cephalometry;Chronic;Communities;community consultation;community engagement;Complex;cost;Data;Data Set;data standards;deep neural network;design;Development;Dimensions;Disease;flexibility;Focus Groups;Future;Genetic Models;Goals;Grant;Human;Image;improved;innovation;kinematics;Learning;Limb structure;Maps;Measurement;Measures;Mental disorders;Methods;model of autism spectrum disorder;model organism;Monkeys;Movement;multimodality;Mus;Nervous System;neural;neural network;Neurobiology;neuromechanism;new technology;novel;novel diagnostics;novel therapeutic intervention;Patients;Performance;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Physiological;Posture;programs;Proxy;Rattus;Research;Research Personnel;Resolution;Rodent;sensor;social;Social Behavior;Social Behavior Disorders;Social Environment;social group;Social Interaction;spatiotemporal;statistics;Structure;Surveys;System;Techniques;Technology;Testing;tool;Training;Translating;vocalization;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: High-resolution 3D tracking of social behaviors for deep phenotypic analysis

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZDA1 SXC-N (O1)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Neurosciences;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  One of the more interesting but also complex challenges of contemporary neurosciences is to study and understand how neural systems in highly social animals operate within complex and realistic social environments. We have assembled an interdisciplinary team of engineers, neurobiologists and computational scientists, to create a platform where we can record evaluate ethologically precise information and brain dynamics in a highly social songbird species within a complex social context over relevant timescales. The ability to link social network state to neural activation in a quantitative manner will rovide unique insight into how the brain encodes social and uses it to modify sensory perception and action selection. p

PI_NAMEs: AFLATOUNI, FIROOZ ;BALASUBRAMANIAN, VIJAY ;DANIILIDIS, KOSTAS ;SCHMIDT, MARC F (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Affect;Anatomy;Animals;Appearance;Architecture;Articulation;artificial neural network;Behavior;Behavior monitoring;Behavioral;Behavioral Sciences;Birds;Brain;brain shape;Breeding;Classification;cohesion;Communication;Complex;computer framework;Computer Vision Systems;Data;Data Set;design;detector;Development;Devices;Engineering;Ensure;Environment;Event;Extremely High Frequency Radio Waves;Female;Future;gaze;Graph;Head;Image;Implant;indexing;Individual;innovative technologies;insight;integrated circuit;Joints;Knowledge;Learning;light weight;Link;Location;Machine Learning;male;Maps;Mathematics;Measures;member;Methods;microphone;Miniaturization;miniaturize;minimally invasive;Modeling;Nervous System;network models;neural;neuromechanism;neurophysiology;Neurophysiology - biologic function;Neurosciences;neurotransmission;non-verbal;novel;Output;Partner in relationship;Pathway Analysis;Pattern;Perception;Phase;Physics;Physiological;Positioning Attribute;Process;reproductive success;Science;Scientist;Seasons;Sensory;Shapes;Signal Transduction;Skin;social;Social Behavior;Social Change;Social Environment;social group;Social Network;social structure;Songbirds;Sound Localization;stem;System;Techniques;Technology;Time;tool;transmission process;vocalization;wireless;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Development of a "smart aviary" to probe neural dynamics of complex social behaviors in a gregarious songbird


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Anxiety Disorders;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Childhood Injury;Clinical Research;Firearms Research;Mental Health;Pediatric;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD);Social Determinants of Health;Violence Research;Youth Violence

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Firearm injury and death is a public health epidemic that spreads through communities and social networks in the United States much like an infectious disease. The central objectives of this proposal are to 1) develop and describe trauma networks of all firearm injury events and 2) examine clinical utilization, firearm injury, and mortality outcomes among children, adolescents, and young adult (CAYA) network members, due to the high risk of adverse health outcomes in the 5-years following firearm injury event. This will significantly extend our understanding of the mechanisms and impacts of firearm injury events beyond the individual directly involved and inform interventions that may mitigate adverse and likely debilitating effects among CAYA and will have implications for broader public health significance.

PI_NAMEs: MAGEE, LAUREN A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GILBERT, LEAH KAYE

PROJECT_TERMS: Accident and Emergency department;Address;Adolescent and Young Adult;Adult;adverse childhood events;Affect;Age Years;Anxiety;Cessation of life;Child;Clinical;Clinical Data;Communicable Diseases;Communities;Community Networks;County;COVID-19 pandemic;Data;data infrastructure;Data Reporting;data repository;Death Rate;demographics;Diagnosis;Emotional;Ensure;Epidemic;Event;experience;Exposure to;Family;Family member;Firearms;Future;Gun injury;gun violence;healing;Health;health record;Healthcare;high risk;Homicide;Household;improved;Indiana;Individual;Injury;Inpatients;Intervention;Intervention Studies;Interview;life span;Link;Measures;Medicaid;member;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Methodology;mortality;National Institute of Child Health and Human Development;Outcome;Outpatients;Parents;Pathway Analysis;Patient Self-Report;Persons;Police;Positioning Attribute;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;Prevalence;Public Health;Records;Reporting;Research;research study;Risk;Sampling;social;Social Network;Strategic Planning;Surveys;Survivors;System;Techniques;Time;Trauma;trauma exposure;Uncertainty;United States;Work;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing Trauma Networks of Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults to Examine the "Ripple Effect" of Firearm Injuries

STUDY_SECTION: SSPA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Social Sciences and Population Studies A Study Section[SSPA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Brain Disorders;Cannabidiol Research;Cannabinoid Research;Cerebrovascular;Natural Products;Neurosciences;Stroke;Therapeutic Cannabinoid Research

ORG_CITY: LEXINGTON

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSURGERY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY

ORG_STATE: KY

PHR: NARRATIVE The proposed research is relevant to public health because subarachnoid hemorrhage is a worldwide problem with a high rate of disability and death in working age adults, leading to high costs and loss in productivity. This project is focused on developing cannabidiol as an effective therapeutic for subarachnoid hemorrhage to improve vascular health and functional outcomes. Thus, the proposed research is relevant to the NIH mis- sion to reduce illness and enhance quality of life.

PI_NAMEs: ROBERTS, JILL MARIE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KOENIG, JAMES I

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Affect;Age;Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhages;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Arteries;Attention;Blood - brain barrier anatomy;Blood brain barrier dysfunction;Blood Vessels;blood-brain barrier permeabilization;Blood-Retinal Barrier;Brain;Brain Injuries;Cannabidiol;Cerebral Ischemia;cerebral microvasculature;cerebrovascular;Cerebrovascular Circulation;Cerebrovascular Spasm;Cerebrovascular system;Cessation of life;Cognitive;cost;Data;Death Rate;Development;disability;Dose;Experimental Models;Extravasation;Feedback;Female;Functional disorder;functional improvement;functional outcomes;Future;Health;Hemorrhage;Image;immune cell infiltrate;improved;improved outcome;In Vitro;Incidence;Injury;innovation;intravital microscopy;Investigation;Iron Overload;Knowledge;Light;male;Marketing;Mediating;Medical;microCT;Mission;Molecular Target;mortality;Motor;Mus;neuroprotection;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Pain management;Pathology;Patients;Perforation;Peripheral;Permeability;Policies;pre-clinical;preclinical study;prevent;Process;Productivity;Property;Public Health;Quality of life;Relaxation;repaired;Reporting;Research;Retina;Risk;Ruptured Aneurysm;Safety;Science;Sensory;Severities;Stroke;Subarachnoid Hemorrhage;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutically effective;Treatment Efficacy;United States National Institutes of Health;Vasospasm;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Cannabidiol (CBD) as a Potential Therapeutic for Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

STUDY_SECTION: BINP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Brain Injury and Neurovascular Pathologies Study Section[BINP]


ORG_CITY: WASHINGTON

ORG_NAME: CHILDREN'S RESEARCH INSTITUTE

ORG_STATE: DC

PHR: Project Narrative/Public Health Relevance: Septic encephalopathy is linked to inflammation and the brain’s inability to produce enough energy and is associated with a 70% mortality rate due to the lack of effective treatments. Using septic mice treated with mesenchymal stem cell-derived structures called extracellular vesicles, this study aims to advance our understanding on how these extracellular vesicles change immune and metabolic pathways involved in septic encephalopathy and improve cellular death and clinical outcomes. The findings from this effort will allow us to develop new therapeutic protocols and use this treatment in other encephalopathies and neurological conditions that cause brain injury and have long-term devastating effects.

PI_NAMEs: KOUTROULIS, IOANNIS  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DALEY, WILLIAM PATRICK

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adenosine Triphosphate;Adipose tissue;Aerobic;Affect;anaerobic glycolysis;Annexin A1;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Apoptosis;Attenuated;Behavioral;Biological;Biological Assay;Brain;Brain Injuries;C57BL/6 Mouse;career;Cell Survival;Cerebellum;Cessation of life;Child;Clinical;Cognitive;Computer software;Computers;cytokine;Data;Death Rate;Development;effective therapy;Encephalopathies;Engineering;executive function;extracellular;extracellular vesicles;Functional disorder;Funding;Generations;Genes;Genus Hippocampus;Glycolysis;Goals;Grant;granule cell;Histopathology;Hospitals;Immune;Immune System Diseases;Immunity;Impairment;improved;in vivo;Inflammation;Inflammatory;inhibitor;Institution;Intensive Care Units;Intravenous;intravenous administration;Knowledge;Link;liquid chromatography mass spectrometry;Measurement;Measures;Mediating;member;mental state;Mentored Clinical Scientist Development Program;Mesenchymal Stem Cells;Messenger RNA;Metabolic;Metabolic dysfunction;Metabolic Pathway;Metabolism;metabolome;MicroRNAs;miRNA expression profiling;mouse model;Mus;Natural Immunity;Nervous System Trauma;neuroinflammation;Neurologic;neuron loss;Neurons;Neurosciences Research;novel;novel therapeutics;Organ;Outcome;Oxidative Phosphorylation;Oxidative Stress;Oxygen Consumption;Pathway interactions;Patients;Pediatrics;prevent;Process;Production;professor;Property;protective effect;Proteins;Proteomics;Protocols documentation;public health relevance;Purkinje Cells;Reactive Oxygen Species;Regulation;Reporting;Research;response;RNA;Role;Secondary to;Sepsis;septic;Small Business Technology Transfer Research;Structure;synergism;Techniques;Technology;tenure track;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Agents;Therapeutic Effect;Therapeutic Uses;Time;Tissues;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;translational neuroscience;Treatment Protocols;valosin-containing protein;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The role of extracellular vesicles in septic encephalopathy metabolism and immunity

STUDY_SECTION: NOMD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Neural Oxidative Metabolism and Death Study Section[NOMD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Cancer;Cannabidiol Research;Cannabinoid Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Endocannabinoid System Research;Genetics;Natural Products;Pediatric;Pediatric Cancer;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Social Determinants of Health;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human;Substance Misuse;Urologic Diseases

PHR: Whereas many states in the United States have completed, or are currently moving toward, legalizing or decriminalizing consumption of marijuana as a recreational drug, epidemiological studies have been accumulating evidence that exposure to marijuana may be linked to increased risk of testicular cancer. Pre- cancerous lesion of this type of malignancy is formed by immature and abnormally developed germ cells in fetal testes before birth; but no experimental studies involving analyses of human or animal germ cells after exposure to the marijuana cannabinoids in the context of testicular cancer risk have been performed so far, leaving critical knowledge gap to understand the potential threats posed by this rapidly prevailing habit of drug consumption. Taking advantage of the cutting-edge techniques to create cells and organoids resembling human germ cells in embryonic testes as well organ culture method of embryonic mouse testes, this project will determine whether marijuana cannabinoids have biological potential to deviate human and/or mouse germ cells from their normal developmental path and thus increase the risk of testicular cancer.

PI_NAMEs: SHIODA, TOSHIHIRO  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HERRMANN, EVAN SULLIVAN

PROJECT_TERMS: 12p;Adolescence;Adult;Affect;aged;Agonist;Agreement;Aneuploidy;Animals;antagonist;Apoptosis;Biological;Biological Assay;Birth;Bromodeoxyuridine;Brothers;Cancer cell line;Cancer Etiology;cancer initiation;Cancer Patient;cancer risk;Cannabidiol;cannabinoid receptor;cannabinoid receptor antagonist;Cannabinoids;carcinogenicity;Case/Control Studies;CASP3 gene;CB1 knockout;Cell Culture Techniques;cell transformation;Cells;Characteristics;Child;Chromosomes;Cigarette;Clinical;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;CNR1 gene;CNR2 gene;Cohort Studies;Consumption;Country;deep sequencing;Development;Diagnosis;DNA Damage;DNA Sequence Alteration;Dose;Embryo;Embryonal Carcinoma;Endocannabinoids;endogenous cannabinoid system;Environmental Risk Factor;Epidemiology;epidemiology study;Ethics;experimental study;Exposure to;Family;fetal;fetal marijuana exposure;Genetic;Genetic Risk;genetic risk factor;Germ Cells;Germ Lines;Goals;Growth;Habits;Histologic;Human;human model;Hypothalamic structure;Impairment;In Situ;In Vitro;in vivo;Incidence;Intraperitoneal Injections;knockout gene;Knowledge;Lesion;leydig interstitial cell;Link;male;Malignant neoplasm of testis;Malignant Neoplasms;Marijuana;marijuana legalization;marijuana use;Mediating;men;Methods;Military Personnel;Mitotic;Modeling;Mus;Neoplasms;novel;Organ Culture Techniques;Organoids;Outcomes Research;paracrine;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pituitary Gland;Ploidies;Pluripotent Stem Cells;Population;postnatal;precursor cell;pregnant;Pregnant Women;premalignant;prenatal;Process;Proliferating;Race;receptor;reconstitution;Recording of previous events;Recreational Drugs;Research;Research Personnel;response;Risk;Role;Sampling;sertoli cell;single-cell RNA sequencing;social;Somatic Cell;Specific qualifier value;Spermatocytes;Structure of primordial sex cell;Techniques;Testing;Testis;Tetrahydrocannabinol;trend;tumorigenesis;United States;young man

PROJECT_TITLE: Cannabinoids as an environmental risk factor of testicular cancer: Assessment using cell culture models of human and mouse primordial germ cells and by exposure of pregnant mice

STUDY_SECTION: CMIR

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular, Molecular and Integrative Reproduction Study Section[CMIR]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Microbiome;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: PITTSBURGH

ORG_NAME: CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative Although difficult to quantify, naturalistic environments provide the opportunity to study the brain and behavior in response to the ethological problems an animal is naturally designed to solve. We seek to expand the capabilities of our current behavioral segmentation approaches to provide a more precise and comprehensive account of behavior. By incorporating recent innovations in machine learning, segmentation approaches that can account for behavioral dynamics at multiple timescales, and increased breadth in the sampling modalities used to classify behaviors, we will create a toolkit that our team and others can make use of to quantify complex, spontaneous behaviors.

PI_NAMEs: GROVER, PULKIT ;KUANG, ZHENG ;RUBIN, JONATHAN E.;YTTRI, ERIC  (contact)

PROJECT_TITLE: Behavioral quantification through active learning and multidimensional physiological monitoring


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Contraception/Reproduction;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: ATLANTA

ORG_DEPT: ENGINEERING (ALL TYPES)

ORG_NAME: GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

ORG_STATE: GA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Social behaviors are critical for survival and their defects are hallmarks of many neurological diseases. To enable us to identify genetic changes that affect behavior, we will design naturalistic behavioral arenas, automated tracking assays, and new behavioral frameworks for the study of Lake Malawi reproductive behaviors in contexts that include male competition and female choice. Use of this new behavioral assay will allow us to understand how behavior evolves and identify underlying neural circuits that are conserved even in humans.

PI_NAMEs: DYER, EVA ;MCGRATH, PATRICK T (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;African;Aggressive behavior;Animal Behavior;animal data;Animals;Attention;Behavior;behavior influence;Behavioral;Behavioral Assay;Behavioral Model;Biological Assay;cell type;Cichlids;comparative;Complex;court;Courtship;Data;Data Collection;data pipeline;Data Set;Defect;design;Detection;Dimensions;Environment;Environmental Risk Factor;Family;Female;Fishes;Frequencies;Genes;Genome;Grant;graph neural network;Habitats;Housing;Human;Individual;innovation;insight;Investigation;Learning;Link;Malawi;male;Maps;mating behavior;Measurement;Measures;member;Methodology;model building;Modeling;Mutation;Nature;Nervous System Disorder;neural circuit;neural correlate;Neurons;novel strategies;Outcome;Output;Partner in relationship;Radiation;Reproducibility;Reproduction;Reproductive Behavior;Resolution;Seasons;self supervised learning;sensory input;Sex Behavior;small social group;social;Social Behavior;social group;Social Interaction;spatiotemporal;Structure;System;Techniques;Territoriality;Time;tool;Vertebrates;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: A modeling framework and arena for measuring contextual influences of behavior


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Asthma;Health Effects of Indoor Air Pollution;Immunotherapy;Lung;Pediatric

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Allergic asthma often initiates in early childhood and progresses into adulthood. Such progression is driven by pathogenic T helper 2 resident memory cells in the lung. By characterizing molecular mediators and pathways involved in the development of pathogenic T memory cells in the immature lung of young children, we will provide the foundation for the discovery of therapeutic targets to modify the progression of allergic asthma from childhood to adulthood.

PI_NAMEs: AI, XINGBIN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SUBRAMANIAN, HARIHARAN

PROJECT_TERMS: adaptive immunity;Adoptive Cell Transfers;Adoptive Transfer;Adult;Affect;Age;age difference;age effect;Age of Onset;age related;airway hyperresponsiveness;Allergens;Allergic inflammation;Animal Model;asthma exacerbation;asthma model;asthmatic;Biological Assay;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;Cells;Characteristics;Child;Childhood;Childhood Asthma;Chromatin;chronic inflammatory disease;chronic respiratory disease;Clonal Expansion;Communication;Dendritic Cells;Development;Disease;Disease Progression;Dopamine;early childhood;Effector Cell;Endowment;Environment;Epithelium;experience;Extrinsic asthma;Foundations;Future;Gene Expression Profile;Genes;Goals;Grant;Heterogeneity;Human;Hyperplasia;Immune;Immune system;Inflammation;Label;Lead;Life;Lung;lung development;Maintenance;mature animal;Mediating;Mediator;Memory;Modeling;Molecular;Molecular Profiling;mouse model;Mucous body substance;multiple omics;Mus;Neonatal;neonatal mice;neonate;Nerve;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Patients;Peptides;Phase;Phenotype;Population;postnatal;postnatal development;programs;PTPRC gene;Pyroglyphidae;Recurrence;reduce symptoms;Residencies;Respiratory Disease;response;Role;Saline;Sampling;Signal Transduction;single-cell RNA sequencing;Structure of parenchyma of lung;Surface;System;T cell receptor repertoire sequencing;T memory cell;T-Cell Receptor;T-cell receptor repertoire;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;therapeutic candidate;therapeutic target;Tissues;transcriptome;treatment strategy

PROJECT_TITLE: Does age matter for the development of pathogenic T helper 2 resident memory cells in the lung?

STUDY_SECTION: LCMI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Lung Cellular, Molecular, and Immunobiology Study Section[LCMI]


ED_INST_TYPE: EARTH SCIENCES/RESOURCES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Digestive Diseases;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Foodborne Illness;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Microbiome;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Rural Health

ORG_CITY: TUCSON

ORG_DEPT: OTHER BASIC SCIENCES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA

ORG_STATE: AZ

PHR: Project Narrative This project is focused on identifying and characterizing the genetic basis of a novel and specific antimicrobial produced by a Pseudomonas strain and specifically targeting the agricultural pathogen E. coli O157:H7. E. coli O157:H7 is a major cause of foodborne illness in the United States, with infections often occurring after human consumption of agricultural products colonized with E. coli O157:H7. We have shown using other systems that application of tailocins in a prophylactic manner can prevent bacterial infection, and thus a better understanding of the genetic basis of the tailocin-like killing activity we have discovered could enable the development of treatments to prevent E. coli infection under agricultural and harvest conditions.

PI_NAMEs: BALTRUS, DAVID A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BAQAR, SHAHIDA

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Agriculture;Anti-Bacterial Agents;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;Bacteria;Bacterial Infections;bacteriocin;Bacteriophages;Cells;Clinical;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;Communities;Complex;Consumption;cost efficient;Data;Development;disease transmission;Engineering;Escherichia coli;Escherichia coli Infections;Escherichia coli O157:H7;Evolution;experimental study;Fiber;foodborne illness;foodborne pathogen;forward genetics;Genetic;Harvest;Human;human disease;human pathogen;Infection;Invaded;member;Microbe;microbial community;microbiome;mutant;next generation;novel;particle;pathogen;Phenotype;Plants;Polyethylene Glycols;Precipitation;Predisposition;prevent;Probiotics;Production;prophylactic;Prophylactic treatment;Proteins;Pseudomonas;Pseudomonas syringae;Reporting;Resistance;resistance mechanism;reverse genetics;Salmonella;Salmonella enterica;Structure;System;Tail;Testing;therapy development;Tissues;transmission process;Treatment Efficacy;United States;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Identifying the genetic basis of strain specific antimicrobial activity against a major foodborne pathogen

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 IMII-U (01)]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: SBIR-STTR RPGS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Cost Effectiveness Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Health Services;Stimulant Use and Misuse;Substance Misuse;Telehealth

ORG_CITY: Boston

ORG_NAME: DYNAMICARE HEALTH, INC.

PHR: 8. Project Narrative DynamiCare Health has developed a digital therapeutic to address stimulant use disorder (StUD) that combines remote substance testing, appointment tracking, self-guided therapy, and contingency management (CM)—the most effective yet under-utilized treatment for StUD. This project builds on initial clinical success in pilot testing to conduct a rigorous, long-term, large-scale RCT to measure clinical impact and cost effectiveness. If successful, this project will lead to FDA clearance as a medical device and broad payer coverage of a product that could become the standard of care for StUD and address the national stimulant epidemic.

PI_NAMEs: GASTFRIEND, DAVID R (contact);RASH, CARLA J

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ANGELONE, LEONARDO MARIA

PROJECT_TERMS: Abstinence;Address;Adherence;Adopted;Adoption;Alcohols;Appointment;Attention;Automobile Driving;Behavior Therapy;blind;Caring;Clinic;Clinical;clinical efficacy;clinical practice;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;cohort;commercialization;Community Healthcare;comorbidity;Compensation;contingency management;Control Groups;cost;cost effectiveness;cost-effectiveness evaluation;Country;Data;Decentralization;design;digital applications;digital health;digital treatment;Disease;economic outcome;effective therapy;Effectiveness;Eligibility Determination;Epidemic;evidence base;Evidence based intervention;Exanthema;FDA approved;financial incentive;Formularies;Frequencies;Goals;Health;health care service utilization;health economics;Health Technology;Healthcare;Illicit Drugs;implementation barriers;improved;improved outcome;Incentives;interest;Intervention;Investments;Marketing;Measures;Medicaid;Medical Device;Meta-Analysis;mHealth;mobile application;Modality;Modeling;Names;Nicotine;Opioid;Outcome;overdose death;Participant;Pathway interactions;Patient Self-Report;Patient-Focused Outcomes;Patients;Pear;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacologic;Phase;phase 2 study;Pilot Projects;pilot test;Placebo Control Effect;Population;Prevalence;primary outcome;programs;Protocols documentation;Psychological reinforcement;psychosocial;Randomized;randomized, clinical trials;Randomized, Controlled Trials;recruit;Research Design;Rewards;Risk;routine care;saliva sample;salivary assay;Sampling;secondary outcome;Self Administration;standard care;standard of care;Stimulant;Stimulant overdose;stimulant use;stimulant use disorder;success;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;Translational Research;trial comparing;United States National Institutes of Health;United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration;Urine;Withdrawal

PROJECT_TITLE: Decentralized clinical trial of contingency management digital therapeutic to treat stimulant use disorder

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZDA1 SAI-S (A1)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Neurosciences

ORG_CITY: BETHLEHEM

ORG_NAME: LEHIGH UNIVERSITY

PHR: Narrative Ciliopathies are multi-system disorders of the brain, eye, kidney, skeleton, and other organs, and arise due to defects in cilia structure/function. Over 1000 genes have been predicted to be involved in ciliary function, although most have not yet been functionally identified. The goal of this proposal is to test an emerging model suggesting that cohesin genes, known for regulating nuclear processes, contribute to cilia structure/function.

PI_NAMEs: IOVINE, MARY KATHRYN (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PARISI, MELISSA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Aminoglycoside Antibiotics;Aminoglycoside resistance;ATP phosphohydrolase;Binding;bone;Brain Diseases;Cell Line;Cell Nucleus;Cells;Chromatin;Chromosome Segregation;Cilia;ciliopathy;cilium biogenesis;Cilium Microtubule;clinical application;cohesin;Complex;CRISPR/Cas technology;Cyst;Data;Defect;Development;Disease;disease phenotype;DNA Binding;Documentation;Embryo;Equilibrium;Eukaryotic Cell;Exhibits;Eye diseases;Foundations;Functional disorder;Future;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Growth;Hair Cells;Handedness;hearing impairment;heart defect;innovation;insight;Kidney Diseases;knock-down;Label;lateral line;Length;Link;Mammalian Cell;Modeling;Monitor;Motility;mutant;Mutation;Neural tube;Nuclear;null mutation;Organ;Organelles;Otic Vesicle;otoconia;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Play;Process;Proteins;Research;Role;sensory stimulus;sensory system;Signal Transduction Pathway;skeletal abnormality;skeletal disorder;Structure;Surface;Syndrome;System;Tail;Testing;therapeutic development;Transgenic Organisms;vibration;Work;Zebrafish

PROJECT_TITLE: Cohesinopathies and Ciliopathies - What's the Connection?

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cell Structure and Function 1 Study Section[CSF1]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Biomedical Imaging;Cancer;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Dissemination and Implementation Research;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Health Services;Lung;Lung Cancer;Prevention;Primary Health Care;Rural Health;Social Determinants of Health;Telehealth;Tobacco;Tobacco Smoke and Health

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the U.S., accounting for approximately 1 in 5 cancer-related deaths. Annual Low-Dose Computed Tomography screening for lung cancer is recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, but only 6.5% of eligible individuals were screened in 2020, and there are major health inequities in LCS related to race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. The long-term goal of LungSMART Utah is to increase the reach of LCS at scale among low resource healthcare settings and populations that have been historically marginalized.

PI_NAMEs: DEL FIOL, GUILHERME ;KAWAMOTO, KENSAKU ;WETTER, DAVID W (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WEAVER, SALLIE JAYNE

PROJECT_TERMS: Accounting;Address;Adult;Advisory Committees;aged;Cancer Etiology;Cellular Phone;Cessation of life;Characteristics;chatbot;cigarette smoking;Clinic;clinical decision support;clinical practice;Community Health;computed tomography screening;Consent;cost effectiveness;Country;Data Sources;design;Effectiveness;Effectiveness of Interventions;Eligibility Determination;Ensure;Equity;Ethnic Origin;evidence base;experience;federal poverty level;Federally Qualified Health Center;Funding;Goals;Health;health care delivery;health care settings;health inequalities;health management;Health Resources;Healthcare Systems;implementation barriers;implementation intervention;inclusion criteria;Individual;Infrastructure;Internet;Intervention;intervention delivery;intervention effect;Language;Latino;Life Expectancy;Logistics;low dose computed tomography;low socioeconomic status;Lung;lung cancer screening;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Malignant Neoplasms;marginalization;marginalized population;Mediating;Mission;mortality;Native Americans;Nature;Neighborhood Health Center;Operative Surgical Procedures;Outcome;outcome prediction;patient engagement;patient level intervention;patient navigation;patient oriented;Patients;Persons;Phase;Population;population health;Population Study;pragmatic trial;Preventive care;Preventive service;Primary Care;primary care clinic;primary health center;Procedures;programs;Race;Recommendation;Research;Resource-limited setting;Resources;Rural;rural area;rural patients;screening;Screening for cancer;Selection Bias;Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial;shared decision making;Site;Smoke;Smoking;Smoking History;social health determinants;Socioeconomic Status;Spanish;System;Technology;telehealth;Testing;Text Messaging;therapy design;Uninsured;United States Preventative Services Task Force;Utah;virtual;waiver;willingness

PROJECT_TITLE: Population Health Management Approaches to Increase Lung Cancer Screening in Community Health Centers

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 HSS-F (90)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Behavioral and Social Science;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Digestive Diseases;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Liver Disease;Lung;Orphan Drug;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_DEPT: OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONS

ORG_NAME: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL

PHR: The overall goal of this proposal is to generate more valid, relevant, and actionable data with regard to risk factors for unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes, in order to inform interventions to reduce tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality. Using a novel analytic approach grounded in causal inference, we will estimate the causal effect of key baseline exposures on end-of-treatment outcomes and determine the extent to which each causal effect is mediated by suboptimal adherence to treatment, versus an alternative pathway.

PI_NAMEs: FRANKE, MOLLY FORREST (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LACOURCIERE, KAREN A

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adherence;Adverse event;Affect;Age;Agreement;Antitubercular Agents;Biological Availability;Body mass index;Communicable Diseases;Country;Data;digital intervention;Disease;Dose;Drug toxicity;drug-sensitive;Ensure;Epidemiologic Methods;evidence base;experience;Factor Analysis;Frequencies;Gender;Goals;Graph;Health Personnel;Hepatitis B;Hepatitis C;HIV;improved;improved outcome;Infection;interest;Intervention;Investments;Literature;Liver diseases;longitudinal dataset;Manuals;Mediating;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Multi-Drug Resistance;Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis;novel;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;predictive modeling;programs;Quality of life;randomized trial;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Recommendation;Regimen;response;Rifampicin resistance;Rifampin;Risk Factors;Role;Scientific Advances and Accomplishments;Sputum;Structure;substance use;success;systematic review;Techniques;Time;treatment adherence;Treatment outcome;Tuberculosis;tuberculosis treatment;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: Understanding the mediating role of adherence in risk factors for unfavorable outcomes from tuberculosis treatment

STUDY_SECTION: PRID

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Population based Research in Infectious Disease Study Section[PRID]


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Health Services;Infectious Diseases;Patient Safety

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Cost-effective control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), an urgent global public health threat, needs to target locations and individuals that drive the transmission of AMR organisms in healthcare settings. This project will develop a series of novel inference methods to quantify heterogeneous transmission rates in hospital wards and identify individuals carrying AMR pathogens for six high-priority organisms in four major hospitals in New York City. The proposed studies will produce inference frameworks synthesizing multi-type observations that are readily available in electronic health records to inform improved interventions, which can be generalized to other healthcare facilities.

PI_NAMEs: PEI, SEN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ERNST, NANCY L

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Algorithms;Antibiotic Resistance;Antimicrobial Resistance;antimicrobial resistant pathogen;attributable mortality;Automobile Driving;Bayesian Analysis;carbapenem resistance;Cessation of life;Communicable Diseases;Communities;Containment;cost effective;Coupled;Data;Data Set;Data Sources;data streams;Death Rate;Diagnostic;Disease Outbreaks;Electronic Health Record;Environmental Pollution;Epidemiology;Evaluation;Event;Exhibits;Genetic;Health;Health care facility;health care settings;Healthcare Systems;healthcare-associated infections;Heterogeneity;high dimensionality;high risk;Hospitalization;Hospitals;Human;improved;Individual;individual patient;Infection;innovation;Intervention;Laboratories;Location;mathematical model;Medical;Medical Records;Methodology;Methods;Modeling;Modification;New York City;novel;Organism;Outcome;particle;pathogen;patient subsets;Patient Transfer;Patients;Persons;Phylogenetic Analysis;Prevalence;Probability;Public Health;Readiness;Records;Research;resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae;Risk;Sampling;Series;simulation;spatiotemporal;Statistical Models;System;Techniques;Test Result;Time;time use;transmission process;Validation;Variant;ward

PROJECT_TITLE: Inference of heterogeneous transmission of antimicrobial resistant pathogens in health care settings

STUDY_SECTION: ASPB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Analytics and Statistics for Population Research Panel B Study Section[ASPB]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence;Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

PHR: Relevance We will develop a new scalable technology enabling high-resolution 3D quantification of a complex predator- prey interactions in freely moving animals, giving the community an easy-to-use, off-the-shelf method for measuring a significantly expanded set of variables describing natural brain function, from sensory input to motor output. By capturing detailed summaries of a dynamic natural behavior, we open the door to wide-ranging studies of the mechanisms underlying neural functions for which the brain has actually evolved, thus allowing the field to move beyond the simplistic and artificial lab assays that are currently limiting our understanding of the nervous system. By offering higher resolution and more diverse measurements, our new technology also makes it easier to detect the effects of new therapies for neurological disease, thus accelerating the pace of treatment discovery.

PI_NAMEs: DUNN, TIMOTHY WILLIAM (contact);FIELD, GREGORY DARIN;TADROSS, MICHAEL R

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Acceleration;Adopted;Affect;Algorithms;Animal Behavior;Animals;Behavior;behavior measurement;Behavioral;Benchmarking;Biological;Biological Assay;Brain;brain behavior;Characteristics;Collection;Communities;Complex;convolutional neural network;cost;Data;Data Set;deep neural network;design;Dimensions;Disease;Dissection;Environment;Esthesia;experience;experimental study;Failure;Future;Goals;Gryllidae;heuristics;high dimensionality;Hunger;improved;innovation;instrument;kinematics;Label;large datasets;Light;Machine Learning;machine learning algorithm;Measurement;Measures;Methods;Modernization;motor deficit;motor disorder;Motor output;mouse model;Movement;Mus;Nervous System;Nervous System Disorder;neural;Neurodegenerative Disorders;Neurophysiology - biologic function;new technology;novel;novel therapeutics;open source;Organism;Output;Parkinson Disease;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Performance;Phenotype;Poverty;Property;Psychometrics;Reproducibility;Research;Resolution;Retinitis Pigmentosa;Rodent;scale up;Science;Sensory;sensory input;spatiotemporal;Standardization;Step training;Stimulus;System;Technology;Testing;Training;usability;Video Recording;Vision;Visual;visual control;visual motor;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: High-throughput, high-resolution 3D measurement of ethologically relevant rodent behavior in a dynamic environment


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biotechnology;Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis;Digestive Diseases;Gene Therapy;Genetics;Hepatitis;Hepatitis - B;Infectious Diseases;Liver Disease;Nanotechnology

ORG_CITY: WINSTON-SALEM

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_NAME: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

PHR: Project Narrative Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an incurable viral infection of the liver that causes hepatocarcinoma and cirrhosis. Even when treated with the best available drugs, HBV causes other long-term health problems for patients because of a persistent viral genome known as covalently closed circular DNA, or cccDNA. To eliminate cccDNA and cure HBV, this proposal creates a group of compounds known as peptide nucleic acids and tests their ability to target and degrade cccDNA in animal models of HBV.

PI_NAMEs: GAGNON, KEITH THOMAS (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: FLORES, AMANDA CHRISTINE

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;acute toxicity;Affect;Animal Testing;Animals;Anti-viral Agents;Binding;Biological Products;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell model;Cells;chemical conjugate;chemical synthesis;Chemicals;Chronic;Chronic Hepatitis B;Circular DNA;Cirrhosis;Closure by clamp;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;Contracts;CRISPR/Cas technology;curative treatments;design;Detection;Development;Disease;DNA;DNA Alkylation;DNA Binding;DNA Damage;DNA purification;Dose;drug candidate;Drug or chemical Tissue Distribution;Drug Prescriptions;Drug Targeting;ds-DNA;Effectiveness;efficacy evaluation;Exhibits;FDA approved;Formulation;functional group;Galactosamine;Genetic Transcription;Genome;HBV Animal Model;Health;Hepatitis B;Hepatitis B Infection;Hepatitis B Virus;Hepatocyte;immunogenicity;In Vitro;in vitro testing;Infection;Injections;Invaded;Lead;lead candidate;Libraries;lipid nanoparticle;Liver;Liver Cirrhosis;Liver diseases;liver infection;liver injury;Methodology;Methods;Modeling;Modernization;Monitor;mouse model;Mus;nanoparticle;nanopore;novel;novel drug class;nucleic acid analog;Nucleic Acid Biochemistry;nucleic acid-based therapeutics;Nucleic Acids;nucleoside analog;Oligonucleotides;Patients;Peptide Nucleic Acids;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phase;phosphodiester;Polymerase;preclinical development;prevent;Primary carcinoma of the liver cells;Property;Protocols documentation;Quality of life;Recommendation;research clinical testing;Solid;success;System;Tail;targeted delivery;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Effect;Toxic effect;transcription activator-like effector nucleases;vaccine access;Vaccines;Viral;Viral Antigens;Viral Genome;viral genomics;virology;Virus Diseases;Wild Type Mouse

PROJECT_TITLE: Toward a Curative Treatment for HBV with cccDNA-Targeting Peptide Nucleic Acids

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZAI1 SAS-M (S2)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: EY

IC_NAME: NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Biotechnology;Clinical Research;Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Genetics;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_CITY: IOWA CITY

ORG_DEPT: OPHTHALMOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

ORG_STATE: IA

PHR: NARRATIVE We discovered that mutation of TBK1 (a gene that promotes autophagy) is an important cause of normal tension glaucoma (a leading cause of blindness worldwide) and we collected skin cells from our patients with glaucoma-causing TBK1 mutations and 1) reprogrammed then into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and 2) differentiated them into retinal ganglion cells, which are a prime site of glaucoma pathobiology. In this proposal we will determine how TBK1 mutations cause retinal ganglion cell death and glaucoma by 1) creating isogenic controls and 2) determine the cellular pathology associated with TBK1 mutation using autophagy, mitophagy, and scRNAseq assays. Our studies of normal tension glaucoma with iPSC-derived retinal ganglion cells will provide important insights into the disease mechanisms of glaucoma and will develop cellular resources to facilitate the design and testing of new gene-directed therapies for glaucoma.

PI_NAMEs: FINGERT, JOHN H (contact);SCHEETZ, TODD E;TUCKER, BUDD A

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SONG, HONGMAN

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Age;Animal Model;Autophagocytosis;Autosomal Dominant Optic Atrophy;Biological Assay;Blindness;Case/Control Studies;Catabolic Process;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Death;Cell Differentiation process;Cell Line;Cell Physiology;cell type;Cells;cellular pathology;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;Collection;CRISPR correction;CRISPR/Cas technology;Data;design;differentiation protocol;Disease;Dose;early onset;Engineering;experience;experimental study;Fibroblasts;Functional disorder;Gene Duplication;gene-targeted therapy;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Genome;genome editing;Genus Hippocampus;Glaucoma;Hand;Health;high intraocular pressure;Human;Human Cell Line;induced pluripotent stem cell;insight;Maintenance;Medical;Mitochondria;Mus;mutant;Mutation;nerve damage;nerve stem cell;Neurodegenerative Disorders;novel therapeutics;Operative Surgical Procedures;Optic Nerve;Organelles;Organoids;patient derived induced pluripotent stem cells;Patients;Pattern;Phosphorylation;Phosphotransferases;Physiologic Intraocular Pressure;Pilot Projects;protein aggregation;Proteins;Protocols documentation;Publishing;Reagent;receptor;Research;Resources;Retina;Retinal Ganglion Cells;Risk;Role;Running;single-cell RNA sequencing;Site;Skin;stem cell biology;stem cells;TANK-binding kinase 1;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;Transgenic Mice;Visual Fields;Wolfram Syndrome;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Stem cell approaches to normal tension glaucoma

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Pathophysiology of Eye Disease - 1 Study Section[PED1]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Genetics;Human Genome;Lung;Lung Cancer

ORG_CITY: GAINESVILLE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

ORG_STATE: FL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer death, but it lacks effective detection and treatment due to complicated pathogenesis mechanism. Our research aims to uncover how a crucial non- coding RNA is abnormal in its methylation in NSCLC and how this impacts the formation and phenotype of the cancer. This study will shed light on the pathological effects of de-regulated RNA modiﬁcation in NSCLC and establish a foundation for creating therapeutic molecular tools that can regulate gene expression through non- coding RNAs.

PI_NAMEs: XIE, MINGYI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MAAS, STEFAN

PROJECT_TERMS: A549;Accounting;Affect;Agar;Antibodies;Binding Proteins;Biological Assay;Biology;Cancer Biology;Cancer Cell Growth;Cancer cell line;Cancer Etiology;cancer gene expression;Cell Proliferation;Cells;Cellular Structures;Cessation of life;Chimeric Proteins;ChIP-seq;chromatin isolation by RNA purification sequencing;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;Complex;Data;Detection;detection assay;Development;effective therapy;Enzymes;Event;factor EF-P;Foundations;Future;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Regulation;gene regulatory network;Genes;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Growth;Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins;Human;Immunoprecipitation;knock-down;Label;lung cancer cell;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Malignant Neoplasms;malignant phenotype;Maps;Mediating;Methylation;migration;Migration Assay;Modification;Molecular;molecular subtypes;mouse model;negative elongation factor;Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma;novel;Pathogenesis;Pathologic;Pathway interactions;Phenotype;Phosphorylation;Polymerase;Positive Transcriptional Elongation Factor B;programs;Proteins;Research;response;RNA;RNA methylation;RNA Polymerase II;Role;Site;small hairpin RNA;Small Nuclear RNA;Structure;Surveys;Therapeutic;Thiouridine;Time;tool;transcriptome sequencing;tumorigenesis;United States;Untranslated RNA;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The molecular basis of 7SK RNA methylation in non-small cell lung cancer

STUDY_SECTION: MG

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Molecular Genetics Study Section[MG]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD);Neurosciences;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSCIENCES

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Social vocalizations and movement-generated sounds often provide pivotal knowledge about an animal’s identity, location, or state, yet most studies of natural behavior fail to integrate acoustic information with simultaneous recordings of neural activity and behavioral dynamics. This proposal will develop novel experimental and computational methods to attribute vocal and non-vocal sounds to individuals in a naturalistic, acoustically complex, multi-animal environment. By integrating this rich acoustic information with simultaneous video and wireless neural recordings, we seek to predict auditory cortical responses to auditory cues, as a function of social context and individual identity within the family.

PI_NAMEs: SANES, DAN HARVEY (contact);SCHNEIDER, DAVID MICHAEL;WILLIAMS, ALEXANDER HENRY

PROJECT_TERMS: Accelerometer;Acoustics;Acute;Address;Adolescent;Adult;Age;analytical method;Animal Communication;Animals;Auditory;Auditory area;Behavior;Behavioral;Benchmarking;Calibration;cell type;Child Rearing;Collaborations;Complex;computerized tools;Computing Methodologies;Confidence Intervals;Courtship;Cues;Data;Data Analytics;Data Set;data streams;deep learning model;Devices;Distress;Electrophysiology (science);Environment;experimental study;Family;fighting;Foundations;Gerbils;Goals;high dimensionality;Implant;Individual;Individual Differences;kinematics;Knowledge;Label;Letters;Location;Measurement;Mediating;Methods;microphone;Modeling;Monitor;Motion;Movement;multimodality;neural;neural circuit;non-verbal;novel;Operative Surgical Procedures;Outcome;Performance;Process;Production;prototype;pup;response;Retrieval;Rodent;Series;sex;social;Social Behavior;Social Environment;social factors;social group;Social Interaction;sound;Sound Localization;Source;Taxonomy;Time;tool;vocalization;wireless

PROJECT_TITLE: Computational attribution and fusion of vocalizations, social behavior, and neural recordings in a naturalistic environment


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF EDUCATION

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: American Indian or Alaska Native;Behavioral and Social Science;Childhood Injury;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Mental Health;Pediatric;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Violence Research;Youth Violence

ORG_CITY: LINCOLN

ORG_DEPT: PSYCHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN

ORG_STATE: NE

PHR: Project Narrative Although research documents the concerning rates of mental and behavioral health problems (e.g., substance use/initiation) among Indigenous LGBTQ2S+ youth, there is very little known about how to prevent these deleterious issues that devastate Indigenous communities. The proposed project aims to adapt and evaluate the first ever culturally grounded, family-based program to prevent mental health and related problems among Lakota LGBTQ2S+ youth. The proposed project aligns Goal 3 of the NIMH to identify targets for intervention via a rigorous pilot RCT with a highly marginalized and underserved population and the Healthy People 2030 Goals to eliminate health disparities, which includes reductions in violence and injury among LGBTQ2S+ youth and youth of color.

PI_NAMEs: EDWARDS, KATIE M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BURSTEIN, MARCY ELLEN

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Adult;Age;Aggressive behavior;Alcohol consumption;Alcohols;Ally;Anxiety;anxiety symptoms;Behavior;behavioral health;Caregiver support;Caregivers;Child Abuse;Child Rearing;children of color;Cities;Communities;community based participatory research;comparison control;Data;dating violence;depressive symptoms;Development;Drug usage;Elderly;Evaluation;experience;Family;family support;feasibility research;Feedback;Feeling;Future;gender diverse;gender expression;Gender Identity;Genocides;Goals;health disparity;Home;Homo;Hostility;Indigenous;indigenous community;Injury;Intervention;Interview;Knowledge;Love;marginalized population;Mental Depression;Mental Health;minority children;minority stress;Modeling;Names;National Institute of Mental Health;Outcome;Participant;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pilot trial;Pine Ridge Indian Reservation;Preparation;prevent;Prevention;primary outcome;Procedures;Program Development;programs;psychoeducation;Public Health;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Reporting;Research;Reservations;resilience;secondary outcome;Sex Orientation;sexual identity;sexual minority;sexual violence;skill acquisition;skills;South Dakota;substance use;suicidal;Support Groups;Surveys;Testing;Teton Sioux Indian;transphobia;Trauma;Underserved Population;Violence;violence victimization;Waiting Lists;Withdrawal;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Development and Evaluation of an Indigenized Family Acceptance Project for Lakota LGBTQ2S+ Youth

STUDY_SECTION: EMHI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Effectiveness of Mental Health Interventions Study Section[EMHI]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Comparative Effectiveness Research;Emergency Care;Health Services;Mental Health;Pediatric;Prevention;Telehealth

ORG_CITY: NASHVILLE

ORG_NAME: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: TN

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This application aims to develop and test a novel, text-messaging intervention for parents of adolescents evaluated in our emergency department for a psychiatric emergency and discharged home with outpatient referral. This proposal has both clinical and scientific significance because it is the first study to develop an automated, text-messaging tool that will support parents of high-risk youth treatment engagement. This research has the potential to improve services for families seeking emergency psychiatric support, with the goal of facilitating treatment engagement and reducing emergency services utilization using scalable, cost- effective, accessible tools.

PI_NAMEs: BENNINGFIELD, MARGARET MCCULLOUGH (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accident and Emergency department;Address;Adolescent;adolescent mental health;Aftercare;Age;Aggressive behavior;automated intervention;barrier to care;behavior change;Belief;brief intervention;Caring;Child;Child health care;Child Mental Health;Clinical;clinical risk;Clinical Services;comparison intervention;cost effective;Data;design;Development;digital health;digital intervention;effective intervention;Emergency department visit;Emergency Department-based Intervention;Emergency medical service;Emergency Situation;emotion regulation;Enrollment;evidence base;Evidence based intervention;Family;family support;Feedback;Focus Groups;follow up assessment;follow-up;Future;Gatekeeping;Goals;Health;health care settings;health literacy;health service use;Health Services Accessibility;Health system;high risk;high risk parents;Home;improved;improved outcome;indexing;Intervention;intervention effect;intervention refinement;Interview;Knowledge;Measures;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Mental Health Services;Monitor;novel;Outcome;Outcome Study;outpatient programs;Outpatients;Parenting Education;parenting intervention;Parents;Patient Self-Report;Pediatric Hospitals;Phase;pilot test;Play;post intervention;prevent;Problem Solving;Provider;psychiatric emergency;Psychiatric therapeutic procedure;psychoeducation;Randomized;randomized trial;Randomized, Controlled Trials;Reporting;Research;Risk;Role;Self Efficacy;Self-Injurious Behavior;Service delivery model;service engagement;service utilization;Services;skills;social stigma;Structure;substance use;suicidal;Surveys;tailored text messaging;Testing;Text;Text Messaging;text messaging intervention;therapy development;Time;tool;treatment as usual;trial comparing;usability;Visit;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Developing and testing a text-messaging intervention to support parents after their child's psychiatric emergency

STUDY_SECTION: SERV

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Mental Health Services Study Section[SERV]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Bioengineering;Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Mental Health;Neurosciences;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: HOUSTON

ORG_NAME: RICE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: Project Narrative This proposal seeks to lay the groundwork for conducting large scale neural recording experiments in herds of sheep engaging in their normal individual and collective behaviors in the field. We will develop new embedded systems which enable high spatio-temporal resolution tracking of individual behavior as well as measurement of the visual sensorium of the animals. With this cutting-edge data, we will develop a new generation of computational models that predict individual behavior based on internal state dynamics and perception of the environment and the behavior of conspecifics.

PI_NAMEs: KEMERE, CALEB  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accelerometer;Address;Agriculture;Animal Behavior;Animal Model;Animals;Behavior;behavior measurement;Behavioral;Behavioral Paradigm;Brain;Chronic;Cognitive;Complex;computer framework;Computer Models;cost;Couples;Data;Decision Making;Devices;dyadic interaction;Environment;Equilibrium;Exhibits;experience;experimental study;Food;Foundations;Future;Generations;Head;head mounted display;Head Movements;Hour;Human;Implanted Electrodes;improved;Individual;innovation;instrument;instrumentation;Investigation;Knowledge;Laboratories;Machine Learning;Measurement;Measures;member;mental state;model building;Modeling;Motor;Movement;multisensory;Mus;neural;neural circuit;neurobehavioral;Neurons;Neurophysiology - biologic function;Neurosciences;Perception;Persons;Physiological;Positioning Attribute;predictive modeling;Primates;Problem Solving;Recording of previous events;Research;Resolution;Schools;Sensory;Sheep;sheep model;Site;Sleep;social;Social Behavior;spatiotemporal;System;Testing;Time;tool;Visual;visual information;Whole Organism;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Towards High-Resolution Neuro-Behavioral Quantification of Sheep in the Field to Study Complex Social Behaviors

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZDA1 SXC-N (O1)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Genetics

ORG_CITY: CHAPEL HILL

ORG_NAME: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL

PHR: Project Narrative We found that two environmental toxins of concern to humans, copper and arsenic, disrupt the localization of a telomere binding protein to telomeres of embryos and to nucleoli of L4 larvae. Characterization of responses to copper and arsenic in wildtype and long-lived mutants may reveal that they epigenetically reprogram a suite of stress response genes with ITS tracts, which would provide a valuable novel model for how environment stresses as well as the status of telomere capping might modify longevity and stress resistance in humans, potentially in the context of inheritance.

PI_NAMEs: AHMED, SHAWN CAMERON (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HEACOCK, MICHELLE

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Age;Aging;Arsenic;Base Pairing;Binding;biological adaptation to stress;Biological Process;Biology;Caenorhabditis elegans;Cell Proliferation;cell type;Cells;Child;Chromosome Arm;Copper;Coupled;Data;Defect;DNA;DNA Damage;ds-DNA;Elderly;Embryo;Environment;environmental stressor;Epigenetic Process;Excision;experimental study;fitness;Future Generations;Gene Expression;Gene Expression Regulation;gene function;Gene Silencing;Generations;Genes;Genetic Enhancer Element;genome sequencing;Genomics;Germ Cells;Heritability;Human;improved;Individual;Inflammation;insight;interstitial;Intestines;Introns;Larva;Length;life span;Link;Longevity;longevity gene;Longevity Pathway;Malignant Neoplasms;Modeling;mutant;Mutate;Mutation;novel;Nuclear;Parents;perceived stress;Phenotype;pro-aging;programs;Proteins;Resistance;response;RNA Interference;Role;senescence;Somatic Cell;Stress;Structure;Telomerase;telomere;Telomere Capping;Telomere-Binding Proteins;Testing;Toxic Environmental Substances;transcription factor;transmission process;Work;young adult

PROJECT_TITLE: Telomere uncapping epigenetically reprograms a stress response and longevity pathway

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZES1 LWJ-K (TL)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Brain Disorders;Lung;Neurodegenerative;Neurosciences;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases;Sleep Research

ORG_CITY: LOS ANGELES

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE In humans, continuous breathing from birth is essential to life and requires that the nervous system generate a reliable and robust rhythm that drives inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The proposed studies will significantly advance our understanding of the neural mechanisms generating breathing rhythm and pattern in both health and diseases of respiratory failure. We will determine one or more critical subpopulations of neurons that can be targeted for treatment of respiratory failure during opioid overdose, sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, and central sleep apnea.

PI_NAMEs: FELDMAN, JACK L (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LAPOSKY, AARON D

PROJECT_TERMS: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Apnea;Area;Behavior;Birth;Brain;Brain Stem;Breathing;Cell Nucleus;Central Sleep Apnea;Cessation of life;congenital central hypoventilation syndrome;Development;experimental study;Failure;Gases;Generations;Health;Human;human disease;Hyperventilation;In Vitro;in vivo;Life;Mammals;Mediating;Metabolism;Multiple System Atrophy;Muscle;Nervous System;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuromechanism;neuron loss;Neurons;neuroregulation;novel therapeutics;opioid overdose;Parkinson Disease;Pathologic;Pattern;Periodicity;preBotzinger complex;premature;respiratory;Respiratory Disease;Respiratory Failure;Respiratory Muscles;Rett Syndrome;Rodent;Series;Site;Sleep Apnea Syndromes;Sudden infant death syndrome;sudden unexpected death in epilepsy;Syndrome;targeted treatment;Techniques

PROJECT_TITLE: Neural Control of Breathing

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHL1 CSR-I (O1)]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHER RESEARCH-RELATED

ORG_CITY: GALVESTON

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON

PHR: Project Narrative This experimental study will unravel the consequences of early undernourishment in the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) developed by refeeding. The study will examine, long-lasting effects in loss of functions of the insulin and FGF21-mediated responses pre-determined in early undernutrition, as contributors to progressive Mets.

PI_NAMEs: OSORIO, ELVIA JANETH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: WANG, WAYNE C

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Adipocytes;adiponectin;Adult;Affect;Behavior;biological adaptation to stress;blood glucose regulation;Bone Marrow;Bone Marrow Cells;career;Cell Differentiation process;Cells;Childhood;Clinical;data integration;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;Diet;Eating;Elements;empowerment;endoplasmic reticulum stress;Ethics;Etiology;Evaluation;experimental study;exposed human population;Exposure to;fat burning;Fatty acid glycerol esters;feeding;fibroblast growth factor 21;flexibility;Flow Cytometry;food addiction;Food Preferences;Functional disorder;Funding;Future;gene network;Genes;Genetic Transcription;glucose metabolism;Goals;Grant;High Fat Diet;Homeostasis;Hyperphagia;Impairment;imprint;improved;Informatics;inhibitor;insight;Insulin;Insulin Resistance;insulin signaling;Interdisciplinary Study;Intervention;Knockout Mice;Knowledge;Knowledge acquisition;Lead;Learning;Learning Skill;Leishmaniasis;Life;Link;lipid biosynthesis;lipid metabolism;Lipids;loss of function;Malnutrition;Mediating;Metabolic;Metabolic syndrome;Metabolism;Mitochondria;mitochondrial fitness;Molecular;Molecular Medicine;Molecular Target;mouse model;Mus;Musculoskeletal System;Nature;novel therapeutic intervention;Nutritional;Obesity;Obesity Epidemic;Osteogenesis;osteogenic;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Persons;Phosphorylation;Population;postnatal;postnatal human;prevent;Prevention;Preventive;Process;protective effect;Proteins;Recovery;Regulation;Research Personnel;Resistance;response;Risk;Role;Severities;Signal Transduction;single cell sequencing;single cell technology;single-cell RNA sequencing;skill acquisition;Thermogenesis;Training;Training Programs;transcriptome sequencing;Translational Research;Triglycerides;Wild Type Mouse;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: FGF21 protects from progressive metabolic syndrome after undernutrition refeeding

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZHL1 CSR-O (O3)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Microbiome;Prevention

ORG_CITY: MEMPHIS

ORG_NAME: ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL

PHR: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), are major causes of hospital-acquired infections and contribute to common diseases becoming untreatable and a rise in health expenses. The research proposed here promises to reveal new insights into the biological processes driving colonization with antibiotic resistant bacteria, which is the first step for infection and spread within hospitals. This work will help inform how to prevent antibiotic resistant bacteria by defining which patients are at greatest risk for colonization and which strains are likely to spread in hospitals.

PI_NAMEs: MARGOLIS, ELISA B H (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HUNTLEY, CLAYTON C

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Anti-Infective Agents;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotics;Automobile Driving;Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance;bacterial community;Bacterial Genes;Bioinformatics;Biological Process;Cancer Patient;Candidate Disease Gene;candidate identification;Cells;Child;Classification;Clinical;combat;Communities;community barrier;Complex;Development;Disease;Drug resistance;Drug Targeting;Enterococcus;Environment;Equation;Exclusion;experimental study;fighting;fitness;Genes;Genetic;genetic signature;Genomics;Grant;gut colonization;gut microbiome;gut microbiota;Health;Healthcare;Hospitals;host-microbe interactions;Human;Human Microbiome;Immunocompromised Host;Indigenous;Infection;Infection prevention;insight;Integration Host Factors;Intervention;Intestines;Knock-out;Knowledge;Lead;Libraries;Life;Maintenance;Malignant Childhood Neoplasm;member;Metabolic;Microbe;microbial;microbial community;microbial signature;microbiome;Minority;Modeling;Molecular;mortality;multi-drug resistant pathogen;Nosocomial Infections;novel;Outcome;pathogen;Patients;Population;Predisposition;preservation;pressure;Prevalence;prevent;Preventive therapy;Probiotics;Production;Reporter;Reproducibility;Research;Resistance;Risk;Side;Starvation;success;Surveys;System;Testing;tool;Toxin;Transplantation;transposon sequencing;Vancomycin;Vancomycin Resistance;Vancomycin resistant enterococcus;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Bacterial Community Barrier to Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus


ORG_CITY: LA JOLLA

ORG_NAME: LA JOLLA INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY

PHR: Narrative Cancer cells, senescent cells in culture, and cells from old humans display widespread losses of an ‘epigenetic’ mark known as DNA methylation, specifically in gene-poor genomic regions known as heterochromatin. Decreased DNA methylation in heterochromatin is associated with aberrant expression of transposable elements, parasitic DNAs which are normally repressed in the genomes of healthy cells, and whose derepression leads to inflammation. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, but inflammation is almost invariably observed in both cancer and aging. We have recently observed that cells deficient in DNMT or TET proteins, which act to add or remove DNA methylation respectively, show similar losses of DNA methylation in heterochromatin, concomitantly with increased transposable element expression and inflammation. We will test the hypothesis that TET and/or DNMT deficiency underlies the depression of transposable element expression and consequent inflammation in human aging. Our studies in this area will illuminate the mechanistically elusive connections among cellular senescence, aging and cancer, improve our understanding of heterochromatin, and perhaps inform future therapies for combating aging.

PI_NAMEs: RAO, ANJANA  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LEITNER, WOLFGANG W

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Age;age related;age-related disease;Aging;aging population;aging process;aging related;alpha ketoglutarate;Area;Biology;Biology of Aging;cancer cell;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;cell age;Cell Aging;Cells;Chronic;Chronology;cohort;Communities;cytokine;Cytosine;Data;demethylation;derepression;design;Development;Dioxygenases;DNA;DNA Damage;DNA Methylation;DNA Modification Methylases;DNA Modification Process;DNA Transposable Elements;DNMT3a;Enhancers;Environment;epigenetic clock;Epigenetic Process;experimental study;Family;Functional disorder;Future;Gene Deletion;Genes;Genome;genome-wide;Genomic Segment;hallmarks of aging;healthspan;Hematopoiesis;Heterochromatin;Human;human old age (65+);Immune;improved;in vivo;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;interest;Intervention;Iron;Link;Longitudinal cohort;Malignant Neoplasms;Mental Depression;methyl group;Methylation;middle age;monocyte;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Mus;Mutation;Myeloid Cells;novel;Oxidases;pathogen;Pattern;Physiology;Population;promoter;protein aggregation;Proteins;rational design;Repression;Reproducibility;Sampling;senescent cell;Serum;Site;Somatic Cell;Source;Sterility;Stress;System;Testing;Tetanus Helper Peptide;tissue repair;tumorigenesis

PROJECT_TITLE: Dysregulation of TET dioxygenase function as a source of aberrant transposable element expression during human aging

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZAI1 VSR-I (S1)]


ED_INST_TYPE: HOSPITALS

ORG_DEPT: RADIATION-DIAGNOSTIC/ONCOLOGY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE (RELEVANCE) The proposed research is directly related to public health because understanding the mechanism of lung tumorigenesis is expected to give rise to new types of treatment for lung cancer patients. Thus, this study is relevant to the part of NIH’s mission that pertains to fostering fundamental creative discoveries and innovative research strategies as a basis for ultimately protecting health.

PI_NAMEs: PARK, JAE-IL  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LUO, RUIBAI

PROJECT_TERMS: Abnormal Cell;Advanced Development;Animal Model;Area;Attention;Binding;Biology;calcium metabolism;Calcium Signaling;Cancer Biology;cancer cell;Cancer Patient;cancer therapy;Cell Cycle;Cell Proliferation;Cells;Complex;Core Protein;Creativeness;Cyclosporine;Dimerization;Dissociation;drug candidate;drug repurposing;feasibility testing;Fostering;Foundations;FOXM1 gene;G1 Arrest;Gene Activation;gene repression;gene therapy;Genes;Genetic Engineering;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Health protection;In Vitro;in vivo;inhibitor;innovation;interest;Knowledge;KRAS2 gene;Lung Adenocarcinoma;lung tumorigenesis;Malignant neoplasm of lung;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Mediator;Mission;Modeling;Molecular;Multiprotein Complexes;MYBL2 gene;Neoplasms;NFAT Pathway;Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma;Normal Cell;novel;novel strategies;novel therapeutics;nuclear factors of activated T-cells;Nuclear Translocation;Oncogenic;Patients;pharmacologic;Play;Prevalence;Process;Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen;promoter;Proteins;Public Health;RBL2 gene;Repression;Research;Retinoblastoma;Role;screening;Signal Transduction;Somatic Cell;Survival Rate;Testing;Therapeutic;TP53 gene;Transactivation;transcriptomics;Treatment Protocols;tumor initiation;tumor progression;tumorigenesis;United States National Institutes of Health

PROJECT_TITLE: Calcium metabolism and lung cancer preneoplasia

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZCA1 TCRB-9 (O2)]