NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: SPOKANE

ORG_NAME: PRECISION QUANTOMICS INC

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The Underrepresented-Population-Drug-Target-Protein (UpDTP) database and population-specific in vitro reagents (PQ-ivR) developed and characterized by Precision Quantomics Inc. hold the potential to transform drug pharmacokinetics and safety testing for populations underrepresented in clinical trials. This endeavor presents a unique opportunity to mitigate unintended health disparities and improve drug development infrastructures, contributing to the advancement of public health.

PI_NAMEs: PRASAD, BHAGWAT ;WATSON, CHRISTY J.W. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BICKHAM-WRIGHT, UTIBE RONALD

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adverse event;African American;Animal Model;Binding Proteins;Biological Models;Biotechnology;Caucasians;Child;Clinical Drug Development;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;commercialization;comorbidity;Custom;CYP2D6 gene;CYP3A4 gene;Data;Databases;Development;digital;Disease;drug clearance;drug development;drug efficacy;Drug Evaluation;Drug Kinetics;drug metabolism;Drug Modelings;Drug Targeting;drug testing;Elderly;Ensure;Environment;enzyme activity;Enzymes;Exclusion;experience;Foundations;Generations;Genotype;Goals;Grant;health disparity;Human;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;infrastructure development;innovation;Knowledge;Liver;Liver Microsomes;Logistics;medication safety;men;Microsomes;Mission;Modeling;Modernization;novel therapeutics;Oncology;Organ;Participant;Patient Care;patient population;Patients;Permeability;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pharmacokinetic model;Pharmacologic Substance;Pharmacology;Phase;physiologic model;Physiological;Policies;Population;Population Group;Population Heterogeneity;Positioning Attribute;precision medicine;Property;Protein Databases;Proteins;Proteomics;prototype;Public Health;racial minority;Reagent;receptor;recruit;Reporting;Research;research clinical testing;Risk;Safety;safety testing;Sampling;scale up;Solubility;Standardization;System;Technology;Test Result;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Index;Tissues;tool;Treatment Efficacy;UGT1A1 gene;Underrepresented Populations;United States National Institutes of Health;Woman

PROJECT_TITLE: Addressing health disparities through a quantitative physiological database and precision systems modeling


ADMINISTERING_IC: HD

ARRA_FUNDED: N

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE

FUNDING_MECHANISM: NON-SBIR/STTR RPGS

IC_NAME: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision;Genetics;Human Genome;Neurosciences;Pediatric

ORG_CITY: AMHERST

ORG_COUNTRY: UNITED STATES

ORG_DEPT: BIOCHEMISTRY

ORG_FIPS: US

ORG_NAME: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO

ORG_STATE: NY

PHR: Projection Narrative Dysregulated neuronal maturation leads to neurological disease such as childhood blindness and autism. This study will investigate how conserved factors regulate 3D chromatin organization and gene expression to promote neuronal maturation in both fly and mouse. The results will reveal novel epigenetic mechanisms to enrich our understanding of relevant neuronal diseases.

PI_NAMEs: CHEN, DAHONG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: HENKEN, DEBORAH B

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Adult;Affect;antagonist;ATAC-seq;autism spectrum disorder;Automobile Driving;Award;Axon;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Blindness;career;career development;Cell Maturation;Cell Physiology;Cells;Childhood;ChIP-seq;Chromatin;Chromatin Conformation Capture and Sequencing;Chromatin Structure;Clinic;Coupled;Data;Development;Diamond;Disease;DNA;DNA-Binding Proteins;Drosophila genus;Electrophysiology (science);Enhancers;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic regulation;fly;Functional disorder;Funding;ganglion cell;Gene Expression;gene repression;Genes;Genetic;Genetic study;Genetic Transcription;genome-wide;Goals;High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing;Human;human embryonic stem cell transplantation;improved;inhibitor;insight;Knowledge;Libraries;Location;Mediating;Medical;Mentors;Modeling;Molecular;Monitor;Morphogenesis;Morphology;mouse model;Mus;Neonatal;Nervous System;Nervous System Disorder;Neurites;neuron development;neuron loss;Neurons;Neurosciences;novel;Nuclear Lamina;Orthologous Gene;overexpression;Phase;Physiological;Physiology;Play;Process;programs;promoter;protein complex;Proteins;Puberty;Quality of life;recruit;Regulation;Repression;Research;Resources;Retina;Retinal Ganglion Cells;RNA;Role;Scientist;Sexual Maturation;Signal Pathway;Technical Expertise;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;tool;Training;transcription factor;transcriptome;Universities;Validation;Vertebrates;Visual Acuity;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Chromatin insulator-mediated epigenetic regulation of neuronal remodeling during development.

STUDY_SECTION: NSS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: NSS


ADMINISTERING_IC: VA

FUNDING_MECHANISM: RESEARCH CENTERS

IC_NAME: Veterans Affairs

ORG_CITY: BALTIMORE

ORG_NAME: BALTIMORE VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: MD

PHR: One in four Veterans has diabetes. Foot ulcers are a common and feared complication for people with diabetes because they reduce mobility and independence. People who recently healed a diabetic foot ulcer are considered “in remission” as opposed to “cured” because the underlying medical conditions which led to their ulcer are still present. Once in remission, the current practice is to slowly increase walking with appropriate shoes. The problem is that people “in remission” rarely return to a recommended level of walking. The ability to stay active is critical as people grow older. There are few studies on exercise during “remission”. This study will test whether a home-based exercise regimen can safely increase activity. Like a person who has recently recovered from a heart attack, this is a critical time to intervene to improve activity and safely restore function to improve long term health outcomes.

PI_NAMEs: ROGHMANN, MARY-CLAIRE  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;acceptability and feasibility;Admission activity;Aging;Amputation;arm;Awareness;Black race;Cardiovascular system;Clinical;clinical outcome measures;Clinical Trials;Communities;comorbidity;Complication;decubitus ulcer;Diabetes Mellitus;Diabetic Foot Ulcer;Disease remission;Event;Exclusion;Exercise;exercise intervention;exercise regimen;exercise rehabilitation;experience;foot;Foot Ulcer;Fright;functional improvement;functional restoration;Future;Gait speed;glycemic control;Goals;group intervention;healing;Health;health disparity;Health Services Accessibility;high risk;Hispanic;Home;Immobilization;improved;improved mobility;Inflammation;Intervention;intervention effect;Lower Extremity;Measures;Medical;Mobility decline;mortality;Muscular Atrophy;Myocardial Infarction;Nursing Homes;Outcome;Outcome Measure;Pathway interactions;Patients;performance tests;Perfusion;Peripheral arterial disease;Peripheral Nervous System Diseases;Persons;Physical Performance;Pilot Projects;Population;Population Heterogeneity;Randomized;randomized, clinical trials;Recommendation;Recording of previous events;Recovery of Function;Recurrence;Rehabilitation therapy;Risk;Shoes;Site;standard of care;tele-exercise;telehealth;Testing;Time;Tissues;translational potential;Trauma;treatment arm;Ulcer;Veterans;Walking;wound

PROJECT_TITLE: Home-based exercise to improve functional outcomes in Veterans with recently healed diabetic foot ulcer

STUDY_SECTION: RRDS

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Rehabilitation Research and Development SPiRE Program[RRDS]


ADMINISTERING_IC: DA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Clinical Research;Drug Abuse (NIDA only);Harm Reduction for Substance Misuse;Opioid Misuse and Addiction;Opioids;Substance Misuse

ORG_CITY: SANTA MONICA

ORG_NAME: RAND CORPORATION

ORG_STATE: CA

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Despite the importance of improving naloxone access among laypersons, we have surprisingly limited information about the share of people who carry naloxone, where and how those who carry naloxone obtained the medication, barriers and perceived barriers to purchasing or otherwise obtaining naloxone, optimal price points, and so on. We will field two national surveys to gather this information with particular emphasis on tracking the impacts of the new over-the-counter naloxone products to provide time-sensitive evidence. We will focus specifically on new barriers to access as these products become more widely available and on understanding the possible role of prices in hindering additional naloxone use.

PI_NAMEs: POWELL, DAVID  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PARKER, ERIN MARGARET

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Attention;Authorization documentation;Behavior;behavior change;cost effective;Data Collection;Death Rate;experience;field survey;Goals;Improve Access;improved;Individual;information gathering;Insurance;Knowledge;Level of Evidence;Life;Marketing;Measures;Naloxone;naloxone carriage;naloxone dispensing;Opiate Addiction;opioid misuse;opioid overdose;opioid use;Overdose;overdose death;Overdose reversal;Paper;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Pharmacists;Pharmacy facility;Policies;Policy Maker;policy recommendation;Price;Publishing;real time monitoring;recruit;Reporting;Research;Respondent;response;Role;Sales;Sampling;Series;social stigma;Source;Surveys;Time;Time trend;Uninsured Medical Expense;United States;uptake;willingness;willingness to pay;Work;Wrestling

PROJECT_TITLE: A National Survey on Naloxone Use and Access

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZDA1 SUY-E (J1)]


FUNDING_MECHANISM: OTHERS

ORG_CITY: OMAHA

ORG_NAME: OMAHA VA  MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: NE

PHR: This proposal addresses a significant healthcare issue that affects Veterans, military personnel, and their families disproportionately. In this regard, the incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is increasing in Veterans at disproportionate rates than the general population. Dr. Singh’s research program is focused on the investigation of mechanism/s of IBD to discover novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to curb disease severity in IBD patients, and its progression to colon cancer. Both, IBD and colon cancer represent major clinical challenges in the VA health care system, since effective therapeutic interventions are lacking. Similar to IBD, incidence of PTSD is increasing in Veterans at disproportionate rates. Applicant’s lab aims to provide a better understanding of mechanism/s of increasing risk for PTSD and its causal role in promoting IBD to increase opportunities for the development of novel biomarkers and treatment paradigms.

PI_NAMEs: SINGH, AMAR B (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 3-Dimensional;Address;Affect;anti-cancer research;Area;Autophagocytosis;Award;biological adaptation to stress;Biological Markers;Biology;Cancer Biology;carcinogenesis;career;Cell Culture Techniques;Chronic;Chronic Disease;claudin 3;Clinical;Clinical Research;Colitis;Collaborations;colon cancer patients;colon cancer risk;Colon Carcinoma;colorectal cancer risk;Communication;Crohn's disease;Defect;Development;Disease;disease diagnostic;disease prognosis;Disease Progression;Doctor of Medicine;Doctor of Philosophy;Economic Burden;Endoscopes;Environment;epithelial injury;Epithelium;Etiology;Experimental Designs;Family;fecal transplantation;Financial Hardship;Formulation;Functional disorder;Funding;Gastroenterology;Gastrointestinal Diseases;General Population;Generations;Genetically Engineered Mouse;Germ-Free;Goals;Grant;gut dysbiosis;gut inflammation;gut microbiome;gut microbiota;Gut Mucosa;Health;Healthcare;Healthcare Systems;Height;high risk;Homeostasis;Hospitalization;humanized mouse;IL6 gene;Immunology;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Incidence;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Bowel Diseases;injury and repair;interest;International;intestinal epithelium;intestinal homeostasis;Intestines;Investigation;Investments;Journals;Laboratories;Laboratory Study;Link;longitudinal analysis;Manuscripts;Mentors;microbiota;Military Personnel;military veteran;Mission;Modeling;Molecular;Monitor;mortality;mouse model;Mucous Membrane;multidisciplinary;Mus;Nature;new therapeutic target;notch protein;novel;novel marker;novel therapeutics;Onset of illness;Organ Culture Techniques;Organoids;Pathologic;Pathology;Patients;Peer Review;Persons;Play;Population;Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders;preclinical study;Predisposition;Process;programs;Proteins;psychologic;Publications;Publishing;Quality of life;Recurrent disease;Regulation;Research;Research Peer Review;Research Personnel;Risk;Role;Scientist;Severity of illness;side effect;Signal Transduction;Solid;success;symposium;Symptoms;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;Therapeutic Intervention;therapeutically effective;Tissues;Training;Treatment Efficacy;treatment response;Tumor Suppressor Proteins;Ulcerative Colitis;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Veterans;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: BLRD Research Career Scientist Award Application

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRD1 RCSR-N (01)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: MH

FUNDING_MECHANISM: TRAINING, INDIVIDUAL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Adolescent Sexual Activity;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Dissemination and Implementation Research;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Prevention;Rural Health;Sexually Transmitted Infections;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: MILWAUKEE

ORG_DEPT: OTHER HEALTH PROFESSIONS

ORG_NAME: MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN

ORG_STATE: WI

PHR: Project Narrative Rural young men who have sex with men (YMSM) have a significant burden of HIV, representing 20% of new HIV cases in nonmetropolitan areas of the United States in 2020. Implementation science will be used to understand how recently approved long-acting injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (LAI PrEP) can be incorporated into the HIV prevention toolkit for rural YMSM. Using a convergent mixed methods design, we will determine salient patient-level implementation determinants and identify implementation strategies for LAI PrEP among rural YMSM.

PI_NAMEs: O'NEIL, ANDREW M (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KAMATH, SUSANNAH M A

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adherence;Advocate;Age;AIDS prevention;Award;career;Cities;Clinic;Competence;Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research;Data;Data Analyses;data integration;design;Development;Dimensions;Disparity;Employment;empowerment;Epidemic;epidemic preparedness;Ethics;Evidence based practice;experience;Future;Gatekeeping;Goals;Grant;Growth;Health Personnel;Healthcare;HIV;HIV/STD;implementation determinants;implementation framework;implementation science;implementation strategy;improved;Individual;Injectable;Intervention;Interview;Literature;Manuscripts;Medical;men who have sex with men;Mentorship;Methodology;Methods;Modality;Modeling;nonmetropolitan area;older men;Oral;Participant;Patients;peer;Perception;Persons;Pharmacists;Phase;pilot test;Population;pre-exposure prophylaxis;preference;Preparation;prevent;Primary Care;Provider;Public Health;Research;Research Activity;Research Methodology;Research Personnel;Rural;rural area;Rural Community;rural healthcare;Rural Population;rurality;Sampling;Sexual Health;skills;STI prevention;Surveys;symposium;Training;United States;United States Food and Drug Administration;uptake;Urbanicity;virtual;Work;Writing;young men who have sex with men;Youth

PROJECT_TITLE: Understanding Patient Level Implementation Determinants Related to Long-acting Injectable HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men Living in Rural Areas

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 F17B-H (20)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AI

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_CITY: ATLANTA

ORG_DEPT: PATHOLOGY

ORG_NAME: EMORY UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: GA

PHR: Project Narrative In 2020 an estimated 1.5 million people acquired HIV, highlighting the urgent need for a prophylactic vaccine to combat the ongoing health crisis. This project will investigate how genetic variation at the immunoglobulin gene loci impacts the ability of rhesus macaques, the gold standard preclinical model for studying HIV, to develop high levels of neutralizing antibody titers against particular epitopes of HIV envelope immunogens. Such studies are essential to understand how humoral vaccine responses vary between individuals, to inform the design of HIV vaccine constructs, and to gain a deeper understanding of antibody responses to HIV proteins.

PI_NAMEs: EDWARDS, CHRISTOPHER  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGH, ANJALI

PROJECT_TERMS: 2019-nCoV;adaptive immune response;Affect;Alleles;Animal Model;Animals;Antibodies;Antibody Diversity;Antibody Repertoire;Antibody Response;Antibody Specificity;Antibody titer measurement;antigen binding;Antigens;Autologous;B cell repertoire;B-Cell Antigen Receptor;B-Lymphocytes;Bar Codes;Binding;Biological Assay;Cells;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;combat;design;Development;env Gene Products;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Epitopes;Exhibits;experimental study;Frequencies;Genes;Genetic;Genetic Polymorphism;genetic variant;Genetic Variation;genomic locus;Genotype;Germ Lines;Glycoproteins;Goals;Haplotypes;Health;Heavy-Chain Immunoglobulins;Heterogeneity;HIV;HIV envelope protein;HIV Infections;HIV vaccine;Human;Human Genome;human pathogen;Humoral Immunities;IGH@ gene cluster;Immune response;Immune system;Immunoglobulin Genes;Immunoglobulins;Individual;Infection;Influenza A virus;Knowledge;Link;Macaca mulatta;Memory B-Lymphocyte;Mutate;neutralizing antibody;next generation sequencing;nonhuman primate;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Persons;Population;Pre-Clinical Model;preference;Preventive vaccine;Proteins;Protocols documentation;rational design;Research;response;Role;simian human immunodeficiency virus;single cell sequencing;Sorting;Specificity;Stains;Study models;Techniques;Testing;tool;Transcript;Vaccinated;Vaccination;vaccine response;vaccine trial;Vaccines;Variant;Viral Antigens;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The Role of Immunoglobulin Genetic Diversity in the Development of Neutralizing Antibodies Against HIV Env Protein

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 F17A-F (20)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Genetics;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: DALLAS

ORG_DEPT: MICROBIOLOGY/IMMUN/VIROLOGY

ORG_NAME: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: TX

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE  The interplay between anti-phage defense systems in bacteria and counter-defense strategies in phages can determine phage infection outcomes, which in turn have widespread impacts on the evolution and treatment of infectious disease. Most defense and counter-defense systems in nature have not been identified, so we will apply a novel functional selection scheme to identify these systems from various metagenomes and libraries of synthesized phage genes. We will then use genetic and functional techniques to characterize these systems mechanistically and reveal fundamental insights into the molecular arms race between bacteria and phage.

PI_NAMEs: FORSBERG, KEVIN J (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ERNST, NANCY L

PROJECT_TERMS: Adsorption;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotics;arms race;Bacteria;Bacterial Infections;Bacteriophage lambda;Bacteriophages;Basic Science;Biological Assay;Biology;Cell Survival;conventional therapy;CRISPR/Cas technology;Data;Databases;Drug resistance;Ecosystem;Escherichia coli;Evolution;flexibility;gain of function;Genes;Genetic;Genome;Genomic Islands;Genomics;Horizontal Gene Transfer;Human;Human Microbiome;human pathogen;Immune;Immunity;Infection;infectious disease treatment;inhibitor;insight;Knowledge;Libraries;Link;metagenome;Metagenomics;Methods;microbial;Modification;Molecular;molecular array;Multi-Drug Resistance;Mutation;Nature;novel;novel strategies;Open Reading Frames;Outcome;pathogen;Pathogenesis;Phenotype;Plasmids;Prophages;Proteins;receptor;Resistance;resistance gene;Resources;response;Scheme;Source;success;Surveys;System;Techniques;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;Toxin;Virulence;Virulence Factors

PROJECT_TITLE: Discovery of bacterial defense and phage counter-defense strategies


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOL OF MEDICINE & DENTISTRY

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;HIV/AIDS;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Vaccine Related;Vaccine Related - AIDS

ORG_CITY: ROCHESTER

ORG_DEPT: INTERNAL MEDICINE/MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER

PHR: Project Narrative: With an estimated 1.5 million people newly infected with HIV in 2021 alone, HIV remains a critical global health threat and prevention of acquisition through vaccine development remains a priority. This project aims to characterize the role of monocytes in the development of HIV vaccine response using a systems biology approach, for use in future vaccine development. The training plan will provide me with the knowledge and experience to transition to an independently funded physician scientist working in systems biology and HIV vaccine development.

PI_NAMEs: SIMPSON, RACHEL MARIE (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: DANG, QUE

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Algorithmic Analysis;Antibodies;Antibody Response;antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis;Attenuated;Autoimmune Diseases;B-Lymphocytes;Cells;Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing;Chronic;Critical Pathways;Cryopreservation;cytokine;Cytometry;Data;Development;Diagnosis;Disease;Epidemic;experience;Foundations;Funding;Future;Gene Activation;Gene Expression;General Population;Genes;global health;Heterogeneity;HIV;HIV Antigens;HIV Infections;HIV vaccine;HIV Vaccine Trials Network;IgG3;Immune;Immune response;Immune system;immunogenic;Immunologic Stimulation;improved;in silico;In Vitro;Individual;Infection;Infection prevention;infection rate;Influenza;Innate Immune Response;Innate Immune System;insight;Knowledge;Literature;Malaria;Malaria Vaccines;mathematical algorithm;Measurement;Measures;Mediating;Membrane Proteins;Mentors;Meta-Analysis;monocyte;novel;novel strategies;Participant;Pathway interactions;peripheral blood;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Persons;Physicians;Play;prevent;Prevention;Proteins;Public Health;Regimen;Regulation;Reporting;response;Role;Sampling;Scientist;single-cell RNA sequencing;Sorting;Structure;Systems Biology;Thailand;Time;Training;transcriptomics;Translational Research;Vaccinated;Vaccination;vaccine development;vaccine efficacy;vaccine immunogenicity;Vaccine Research;vaccine response;vaccine trial;vaccine-induced immunity;Vaccines;Validation;Virus;Work;World Health;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: "Evaluating the role of monocytes in the development of an effective HIV vaccine response"


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF NURSING

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Infectious Diseases;Mental Health;Pediatric;Pediatric - AIDS;Prevention;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: Chicago

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO

ORG_STATE: IL

PHR: Public Relevance Statement The proposed study pilot tests the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an adapted intervention (ESTEEM) for Arab immigrant sexual minority men in the US to be delivered in an online and group format. Through consultations with mental health experts and Arab immigrant sexual minority men, we will revise the original ESTEEM intervention protocol to address intersectional stigma and minority stress reactions in order to reduce co-occurring HIV risks and poor mental health.

PI_NAMEs: ABBOUD, SARAH  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: POLLARD-BRANCHARD, SUZANNE LEE

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Address;Affect;Affective;AIDS prevention;American;anxiety symptoms;Arabs;Behavioral;biological adaptation to stress;Buffers;Cognitive;Cognitive Therapy;Communities;community organizations;Community Practice;condoms;Consultations;Control Groups;Country;Data;depressive symptoms;efficacy trial;empowerment;Ensure;Ethnic Origin;evidence base;expectation;experience;Exposure to;Family;feasibility testing;Freedom;Future;Generations;Geographic Locations;group intervention;Growth;Health;Health Resources;high risk;HIV;HIV risk;HIV Seronegativity;HIV Seropositivity;Home;Homophobia;Immigrant;Immigration;improved;Individual;internalized stigma;Intervention;Interview;Link;men;men of color;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Minority;minority stress;minority stressor;Modeling;online intervention;Outcome;Participant;perceived discrimination;Pilot Projects;pilot test;Population;practice setting;pre-exposure prophylaxis;preference;Preparation;preventive intervention;Procedures;Professional counselor;Protocols documentation;Psyche structure;Race;Randomized;Reaction;recruit;Religion;Research;Risk;Risk Behaviors;Services;Sexual and Gender Minorities;Sexual Health;sexual minority;sexual minority health;sexual minority men;sexual minority stress;skills;social;social stigma;Source;stressor;substance use;Suggestion;Testing;Training;Trust;United States;Waiting Lists

PROJECT_TITLE: Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an adapted group-based and online HIV prevention intervention for immigrant sexual minority men in the US

STUDY_SECTION: HIBI

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV/AIDS Intra- and Inter-personal Determinants and Behavioral Interventions Study Section[HIBI]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;HIV/AIDS;Infectious Diseases;Prevention;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_CITY: CLEVELAND

ORG_NAME: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: OH

PHR: The proposed research is relevant to public health because it seeks to develop new tracking methods and diagnostics to identify new M. tuberculosis infection. These innovations would allow for feasible and targeted treatment of M. tuberculosis infection with the potential to decrease TB transmission and ultimately impact global TB incidence.

PI_NAMEs: BARK, CHARLES MARTYN (contact);KIWANUKA, NOAH ;WHALEN, CHRISTOPHER C.

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MAHON III, ROBERT N

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adult;Africa South of the Sahara;African;Area;Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination;Behavior;Biological Markers;Biological Sciences;biomarker development;biomarker signature;burden of illness;case control;Cause of Death;Child;cohort;Cohort Studies;Communicable Diseases;Communities;cytokine;design;Detection;Development;Diagnosis;Diagnostic;Disease;Disease Progression;disorder risk;Disparity;effective intervention;Effectiveness;Enrollment;Environment;Epidemic;Epidemiology;Event;experience;Face;follow-up;Goals;health care settings;high risk;HIV;HIV Seropositivity;HIV/TB;Household;Immune response;Immunology;improved;Incidence;Individual;Infection;innovation;isoniazid;latent infection;Maps;Measures;Methods;Mycobacterium tuberculosis;next generation;Pattern;Persons;Plasma;Population;prevent;Preventive therapy;progression risk;Progressive Disease;Proteins;Proteomics;Public Health;Random Allocation;Recommendation;Regimen;Research;response;Risk Reduction;Sampling;Serum;social;targeted treatment;Technology;Testing;Time;transmission process;Tuberculin Test;Tuberculosis;Uganda;Universities;World Health Organization

PROJECT_TITLE: Capturing spatial patterns of new M. tuberculosis  infection in Kampala, Uganda

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-IDM-R(50)R]


ED_INST_TYPE: BIOMED ENGR/COL ENGR/ENGR STA

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Bioengineering;Biotechnology;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Genetics;Human Genome;Immunotherapy;Stem Cell Research;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell;Stem Cell Research - Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell - Human

ORG_CITY: NEW YORK

ORG_DEPT: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

PHR: Project Narrative    This proposal will expand access to cell immunotherapies for more people. We will build programmable iPSC-  derived  Dendritic  cells  as  a  way  to  identify  new  T  cell  receptor  immunotherapies  for  cancers  and  infectious   disease. These Dendritic Cells will be "off- the- shelf", HLA- customized, and loaded with potential universal cancer  targets.

PI_NAMEs: TRUONG, DAVID MINH (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: VAZQUEZ-MALDONADO, NANCY

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Adoptive Immunotherapy;Alleles;Allogenic;Antigen-Presenting Cells;Antigens;Autologous Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte;Award;Base Pairing;Basic Science;Binding;cancer immunotherapy;career;Cell Line;Cell Physiology;Cells;chemotherapy;chimeric antigen receptor;Clinic;combinatorial;Communicable Diseases;Complex;Consumption;Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes;Dendritic Cell Vaccine;Dendritic Cells;differentiation in vitro;directed differentiation;DNA;efficacy testing;Endogenous Retroviruses;engineered T cells;Engineering;Epigenetic Process;Genes;Genetic;Genome;genome-wide;Goals;Haplotypes;Harvest;high reward;high risk;Human;Human Genome;human induced pluripotent stem cells;Immune;Immune system;Immunotherapy;In Vitro;induced pluripotent stem cell;induced pluripotent stem cell technology;Industrialization;invention;investigator training;Investments;Libraries;Malignant Neoplasms;manufacture;Mature T-Lymphocyte;Methods;Modification;monocyte;National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease;neoplastic cell;new technology;next generation sequencing;novel therapeutics;Patients;Peptides;peripheral blood;Persons;Population;Positioning Attribute;Postdoctoral Fellow;Procedures;programs;Proliferating;receptor;refractory cancer;Reporter;Research;Research Personnel;Role;Safety;Solid Neoplasm;Source;Stress;Stretching;Surface;synthetic biology;System;T-Cell Activation;T-Cell Receptor;T-Cell Receptor Therapy;T-Lymphocyte;Technology;technology development;technology platform;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;Training;Transfection;Transgenes;tumor;Tumor Antigens;Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes;Untranslated RNA;Vaccines;Validation;Vision;Work;Writing

PROJECT_TITLE: Programmable Off-the-Shelf Dendritic Cells as an Immunotherapy Discovery Platform


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of human Q fever. We propose to elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind Coxiella’s ability to survive in the acidic intracellular niche, the Coxiella Containing Vacuole (CCV). Understanding how C. burnetii initiates replication under acid stress and actively regulates CCV pH to maintain viability is critical to identify new therapeutic targets.

PI_NAMEs: GILK, STACEY D (contact);OMSLAND, ANDERS

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PERDUE, SAMUEL S

PROJECT_TERMS: acid stress;Acute;Animals;Antibiotic Therapy;Antibiotics;Bacteria;Biogenesis;Biological;biological adaptation to stress;Carbon Dioxide;carbonate dehydratase;Catabolism;Cells;Characteristics;Chronic;Chronic Disease;chronic infection;Clinical;Coxiella;Coxiella burnetii;Cytoplasm;Data;Desiccation;Digestion;Disease;Disease Outbreaks;Endocarditis;Enzymes;Epidemiology;Exposure to;Fatigue;flu;gene network;Growth;Homeostasis;Human;human pathogen;Immune response;Individual;Infection;intracellular parasitism;Knowledge;Life;Lysosomes;Maintenance;Metabolic;Metabolism;Modeling;Molecular;Netherlands;new therapeutic target;novel;novel therapeutics;Nutrient;pathogen;Pathogenesis;pathogenic bacteria;Pathway interactions;Patient Noncompliance;Patients;Peptide Hydrolases;pH Homeostasis;Phagocytes;Phagolysosome;Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases;Proteins;Q Fever;Regimen;Regulation;Replication Initiation;Reproduction spores;response;Role;Stress;Testing;therapeutic target;transcription factor;Transcriptional Activation;Vacuole;Variant;Virulence;Zoonoses

PROJECT_TITLE: Coxiella survival mechanisms in the intracellular niche

STUDY_SECTION: HIBP

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Host Interactions with Bacterial Pathogens Study Section[HIBP]


ADMINISTERING_IC: AT

ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Aging;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Disorders;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Complementary and Integrative Health;Depression;HIV/AIDS;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Mental Health;Mental Illness;Physical Activity;Prevention;Rehabilitation;Telehealth

ORG_CITY: MIAMI

ORG_DEPT: PUBLIC HEALTH & PREV MEDICINE

ORG_NAME: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: FL

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The proposed study responds directly to the need for a feasible form of exercise that will help alleviate depressive symptoms in a population aging with HIV. In addition, by delivering the intervention remotely via videoconferencing (Zoom), PWH who may not have access to a clinic or regular care due to geographic location, transportation, financial issues, stigma, or other barriers, can benefit from a potentially efficacious intervention.

PI_NAMEs: IBANEZ, GLADYS EULALIA (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CHIDEYA-CHIHOTA, SEKAI RUTENDO

PROJECT_TERMS: acceptability and feasibility;Address;Affect;Age;Age Years;Aging;aging population;Analysis of Covariance;Anxiety;Behavioral;Behavioral Mechanisms;biobehavior;Biological;Biological Markers;Blood;Breast Cancer survivor;C-reactive protein;Caring;Certification;Clinic;Clinical Trials;comorbidity;Control Groups;cost;Data;depressive symptoms;Diagnostic;Disease;Disease Progression;efficacious intervention;efficacy evaluation;efficacy testing;emotion regulation;empowerment;Exercise;exercise intervention;experience;Facebook;Fatigue;Gender;Geographic Locations;Health;health disparity;Health education;Heart;heart rate variability;high risk;HIV;HIV/AIDS;improved;Individual;inflammatory marker;innovation;instructor;instrument;Intervention;Measures;Mediating;Mediation;Mediator;medication compliance;Meditation;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Methods;Mind-Body Intervention;Modeling;mortality;Movement;National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health;Nonpharmacologic Therapy;older adult;Older Population;older women;online delivery;Outcome;Participant;Persons;pilot test;Population;post intervention;Prevalence;Protocols documentation;psychologic;psychosocial;public health relevance;Qi Gong;Quality Control;Quality of life;Randomized;randomized, clinical trials;recruit;Registries;remote delivery;remote intervention;Reporting;Research;Research Priority;Risk;Sample Size;Schedule;Series;Site;Sleep;social media;social stigma;Standardization;Stress;symptom management;Tai Ji;Techniques;Telephone;Testing;Training;Transportation;Treatment outcome;United States;Videoconferencing;Viral Load result;virtual group;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: A Remotely delivered Tai Chi/Qigong Intervention for older people living with HIV: A Randomized Clinical Trial

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZAT1 BH (01)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: OD

IC_NAME: OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health;Behavioral and Social Science;Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions;Clinical Research;Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Disease;Health Services;Physical Activity;Prevention;Sleep Research;Social Determinants of Health;Substance Misuse

ORG_NAME: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The downstream behavioral impacts of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions remain unknown in the US and globally, so they are not yet included in the US federal “social cost of carbon,” a metric used to quantify the human damages associated with a one-ton increase in greenhouse gas emissions. This proposed project evaluates the hypothesized behavioral costs of carbon for substance use, sleep outcomes, and physical activity. Characterizing how observed changes in climate, caused by each additional unit of greenhouse gas emissions today, impact future human health behaviors can have major implications for climate and health policies, which currently do not consider the behavioral costs of societies' emissions choices.

PI_NAMEs: MINOR, KELTON  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MILLER, BECKY

PROJECT_TERMS: Accelerometer;Acclimatization;Accounting;actigraphy;Address;Alcohol consumption;alcohol measurement;Award;Behavior;Behavior assessment;Behavioral;behavioral health;Behavioral Medicine;behavioral outcome;behavioral response;Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System;Behavioral Sciences;blind;Carbon;Carbon Dioxide;Cardiovascular system;career;career development;Cellular Phone;Climate;climate change;climate policy;climate zone;climate-related health;Collaborations;consumption measures;cost;Cost-Benefit Analysis;Costs and Benefits;County;Coupled;daily functioning;Data;Data Analyses;Data Science;Data Set;Development;disorder prevention;educational atmosphere;effectiveness evaluation;Emergency department visit;Environmental Science;exposed human population;Exposure to;flexibility;Funding;Future;Future Generations;global health;global temperature;greenhouse gases;Health;Health behavior;health management;Health Policy;Health Promotion;Healthcare;Hospitalization;Hospitals;Hour;Household;Human;Humanities;improved;Individual;innovation;Institution;Journals;Lead;life span;Link;Medical;Medicine;meteorological data;Methodology;Modeling;novel;Outcome;Output;Patient Self-Report;Peer Review;Physical activity;Planet Earth;Policies;Policy Maker;Population;Positioning Attribute;Productivity;professor;programs;Public Health;Publications;Qualifying;recruit;Research;Research Personnel;Resolution;Respondent;response;scaffold;Science;sedentary lifestyle;Series;Sleep;social;societal costs;Societies;spatiotemporal;Strategic Planning;stressor;substance use;Substance Use Disorder;Surveys;Temperature;tenure track;Time;time use;Training;United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration;United States National Institutes of Health;Universities;Update;Weather;Wrist

PROJECT_TITLE: The Behavioral Cost of Carbon

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 HSS-E (70)]


ADMINISTERING_IC: NS

IC_NAME: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Brain Cancer;Brain Disorders;Cancer;Clinical Research;Neurosciences;Rare Diseases

ORG_CITY: SAN FRANCISCO

ORG_DEPT: NEUROSURGERY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO

PHR: Project narrative. Low-grade gliomas are tumors originating in the young adult brain and patients experience many years of survivorship without active disease. Most patients experience impaired cognition which limits social, vocational, and emotional health. These studies will offer deeper and new therapeutic insight into understanding how gliomas disrupt information processed in the brain and suggest new approaches to their treatment.

PI_NAMEs: HERVEY-JUMPER, SHAWN L. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: BABCOCK, DEBRA J

PROJECT_TERMS: Acceleration;Address;Adult;Affect;behavioral impairment;Brain;brain tissue;Chemical Synapse;Clinical;Clinical Trials;Cognitive;Coupled;Data;density;Development;Diffuse;Disease;effective therapy;Electrical Synapse;Electrodes;Emotional;Entropy;Equilibrium;experience;Feedback;Functional disorder;Future;Genetic Transcription;Glioma;Glutamates;Goals;Health;Histology;Human;Impaired cognition;Impairment;in vivo;Induced Neurons;Infiltration;information processing;inhibitory neuron;insight;Interneurons;Invaded;Knowledge;Language;Magnetoencephalography;Measures;Modeling;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;Motor;Motor Cortex;Mus;neoplastic cell;neural;neural circuit;Neurologic;neuron loss;neuronal circuitry;Neurons;neurotransmission;novel strategies;novel therapeutics;Outcome;Patients;Perception;Physiological;Population;precision medicine;Primary Brain Neoplasms;Process;Production;programs;Recovery;recruit;response;Response Latencies;restoration;Sensory;Sensory impairment;Signal Transduction;social;somatosensory;Speech;Speech Perception;Stimulus;Structure;Surface;survivorship;System;Tactile;Testing;transcriptomics;transmission process;tumor;Vocation;Work;young adult

PROJECT_TITLE: Cortical information loss in diffuse low-grade glioma infiltrated cortex

STUDY_SECTION: CNBT

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Clinical Neuroimmunology and Brain Tumors Study Section[CNBT]


ED_INST_TYPE: UNIVERSITY-WIDE

ORG_CITY: BRONX

ORG_NAME: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

PHR: Despite years of effective suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), latent HIV-infected cells can persist in people with HIV (PWH) and reintroduce disseminated HIV infection after cessation of ART, preventing the functional cure of HIV-infected individuals. The anti-HIV-1 immune response in most patients is inadequate to effectively eliminate reactivated cells, necessitating the development of strategies to boost the anti-HIV immune response to enable it to clear the reservoir after reactivation. We postulate that by redirecting CD8 T cells that are highly effective in controlling chronic latent CMV infection to target and kill HIV-infected cells, we can boost the HIV- specific immune response in PWH to prevent recurrent viremia after the cessation of ART and contribute to providing a functional cure of HIV infection.

PI_NAMEs: ALMO, STEVEN C.;GOLDSTEIN, HARRIS  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ZHOU, YAN

PROJECT_TERMS: Antigen-Presenting Cells;antigen-specific T cells;antiretroviral therapy;Architecture;Biological;Biological Products;Bispecific Antibodies;CD28 gene;CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;Cells;chimeric antigen receptor T cells;Chronic;chronic infection;Clinical;Coupled;cytokine;Cytokine Signaling;Cytomegalovirus;Cytomegalovirus Infections;Cytoplasm;cytotoxic CD8 T cells;design;Development;dimer;Disease remission;engineered T cells;Epitopes;exhaustion;Exhibits;Fc domain;HIV;HIV Envelope Protein gp120;HIV Infections;HIV-1;Immune;Immune checkpoint inhibitor;Immune response;immune stimulatory agent;Immune system;Immunity;Immunotherapeutic agent;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Infusion procedures;Knowledge;latent HIV reservoir;Lentivirus Vector;Ligands;Link;Malignant Neoplasms;Memory;Mutation;neoplastic cell;novel;novel strategies;Patients;Peptide/MHC Complex;Peptides;Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell;Persons;Phenotype;prevent;Production;Proliferating;receptor;Receptor Signaling;Recurrence;Relapse;Residual Neoplasm;resilience;Resistance;response;scaffold;Signal Transduction;Structure;T cell response;T memory cell;T-Cell Receptor;T-Lymphocyte;Time;Viral;Viral Physiology;Viremia;Virus

PROJECT_TITLE: Amplifying and Redirecting CMV-specific CD8 T cells to provide sustained control of HIV infection

STUDY_SECTION: HIVD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Immunopathogenesis and Vaccine Development Study Section[HIVD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Immunization;Infectious Diseases;Influenza;Pneumonia and Influenza;Prevention;Vaccine Related

ORG_CITY: CHAMPAIGN

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Immunoglobulin heavy chain germline gene IGHV6-1 encodes a multi-donor class of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to the highly conserved stem region of hemagglutinin (HA). This proposed study aims to characterize the sequence features and affinity maturation pathways of IGHV6-1 HA stem bnAbs. The results will provide important mechanistic insight into the development of universal influenza vaccines.

PI_NAMEs: WU, NICHOLAS C. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: ARNOLD, MICHELLE MARIE

PROJECT_TERMS: Affinity;Antibodies;Antibody Repertoire;Antibody Response;antigen binding;Antigens;Avian Influenza A Virus;Binding;biophysical analysis;Biophysical Process;complementarity-determining region 3;Cross Reactions;design;Development;Epidemic;Epitopes;Evolution;experimental study;Frequencies;Genes;Genetic;Germ Lines;global health;Head;Heavy-Chain Immunoglobulins;Hemagglutinin;Human;Immunoglobulin Somatic Hypermutation;Individual;Infection;Influenza;Influenza A virus;Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype;Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype;Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype;Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype;Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype;Influenza Hemagglutinin;influenza infection;Influenza vaccination;influenza virus strain;influenza virus vaccine;innovation;insight;interdisciplinary approach;interest;Light;Membrane Glycoproteins;Molecular;neutralizing antibody;pandemic disease;pandemic potential;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Point Mutation;Public Health;Reporting;SARS-CoV-2 antibody;seasonal influenza;Somatic Mutation;Spanish flu;Specificity;stem;structural biology;System;transmission process;universal influenza vaccine;Update;V(D)J Recombination;vaccine effectiveness;Variant;Virus;Yeasts;Zoonoses

PROJECT_TITLE: Sequence-function relationship of influenza broadly neutralizing antibodies

STUDY_SECTION: CMIA

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Cellular and Molecular Immunology - A Study Section[CMIA]


ADMINISTERING_IC: CA

IC_NAME: NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Brain Cancer;Brain Disorders;Cancer;Cancer Genomics;Genetics;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Human Genome;Neurosciences;Orphan Drug;Pediatric;Pediatric Cancer;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Rare Diseases;Social Determinants of Health

ORG_CITY: CHICAGO

ORG_NAME: LURIE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF CHICAGO

PHR: This project is designed to examine the impact of tumor biology on cancer health disparity in pediatric brain tumors by characterizing the racial/ethnic origins of a large panel of PDOX models and to generate a landscape of active anti-cancer agents in Black, Hispanic and White children derived group 3 medulloblastoma models.

PI_NAMEs: LI, XIAONAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SMITH, MALCOLM M

PROJECT_TERMS: Administrative Supplement;Adult;Advanced Malignant Neoplasm;Affect;American Indians;ancestry analysis;Animal Model;Antineoplastic Agents;Asian;Biological;Biological Models;Black race;Brain;Brain Neoplasms;brain research;Cancer Etiology;cancer health disparity;Catalogs;Child;Childhood;Childhood Brain Neoplasm;childhood cancer mortality;Childhood Malignant Brain Tumor;Clinical Trials;clinically relevant;cohort;Data;design;Disparity;DNA Methylation;DNA Sequence Alteration;DNA sequencing;drug testing;economic impact;Eligibility Determination;Epigenetic Process;epigenetic variation;Ethnic Origin;Ethnic Population;Evaluation;FDA approved;Funding;Future;Gene Expression;Genetic;genetic testing;Genetic Variation;Genomics;Goals;Grant;hazard;health disparity;high-throughput drug screening;Hispanic;implantation;in vivo;in vivo evaluation;Investigational Drugs;Location;Malignant Neoplasms;Medulloblastoma;Minority;minority children;minority patient;Modeling;Molecular;Nature;novel therapeutics;Operative Surgical Procedures;Parents;Patient Self-Report;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;pre-clinical;programs;Race;racial diversity;racial population;Research;response;Sampling;SCID Mice;screening;Socioeconomic Factors;socioeconomics;socioenvironmental factor;Testing;Tissues;transcriptome sequencing;treatment response;tumor;Tumor Biology;United States National Institutes of Health;whole genome;Xenograft Model;Xenograft procedure

PROJECT_TITLE: Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models for cancer disparity studies of pediatric brain tumors


ORG_CITY: PHILADELPHIA

ORG_NAME: PHILADELPHIA VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: PA

PHR: Service members and veterans are disproportionally affected by acute knee injuries that can lead to career- ending and life-altering post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Absent early intervention or the targeting of only a single aspect of the diverse pathologic cascade in PTOA has proven insufficient for joint-level chondroprotection and attenuation of disease progression. In this proposal, we will develop an intra- articular therapeutic that combines mechanically activated microcapsules (MAMCs) within a hydrogel carrier to control the spatial and temporal release of bioactive factors following an acute knee injury. Successful completion of this study will advance our understanding of the veteran PTOA phenotype using clinical data, create a field-leading large animal model of PTOA, and validate an injectable therapy for future translational evaluation.

PI_NAMEs: MILLER, LIANE  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acetylcysteine;Acute;Address;Affect;Afghanistan;Age;anakinra;Analgesics;Animal Model;Anterior Cruciate Ligament;anterior cruciate ligament injury;anterior cruciate ligament rupture;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Antioxidants;Apoptosis;Apoptotic;articular cartilage;Articular ligaments;Athletic Injuries;Attenuated;attenuation;Binding;Biological;Biological Markers;Biopsy;career;Cartilage;Categories;Cattle;Cell Survival;chondroprotection;Clinical;Clinical Data;clinically relevant;cohort;Collagen;combat casualty;combat trauma;Conflict (Psychology);cost;cytokine;Data;Death Rate;Degenerative polyarthritis;Development;disability;Disease;Disease Progression;Early Intervention;Evaluation;Exposure to;falls;Family suidae;Future;GAG Gene;Genes;Goals;Health;Hemarthrosis;Histology;Human;Hyaluronic Acid;Hydrogels;Hydrogen Peroxide;immunoregulation;improved;in vivo;Incidence;infection risk;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Injectable;Injections;Injury;Interleukin-1 beta;Iraq;joint injury;Joints;Knee Injuries;Knee joint;Life;limb injury;Link;mechanical properties;Mechanics;Medial meniscus structure;Medical;Medical center;meniscal tear;meniscus injury;Microcapsules drug delivery system;military service;military veteran;Miniature Swine;Modeling;motor vehicle injury;musculoskeletal injury;Necrosis;Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents;novel;novel therapeutic intervention;Operative Surgical Procedures;osteochondral tissue;participant enrollment;Pathogenicity;Pathologic;Pathology;Patients;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Phenotype;Physical therapy;porcine model;premature;Prevalence;prevent;Proteomics;psychosocial;Recording of previous events;Recovery;Regenerative capacity;Replacement Arthroplasty;residence;Risk Factors;Rupture;service member;Source;Structure;Symptoms;Synovial Fluid;System;Technology;Tertiary Protein Structure;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic evaluation;Therapeutic Intervention;three-dimensional modeling;Time;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Translations;Traumatic Amputation;Traumatic Arthropathy;Treatment Efficacy;United States Department of Veterans Affairs;Veterans;War;wounded service member

PROJECT_TITLE: A Multi-Factorial Therapeutic Delivery System to Attenuate Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis


ORG_NAME: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE We propose to characterize the intrinsic antiviral response as it relates to a novel Drosha-containing high molecular weight structure we have termed the ADAR-RISC Complex (ARC). This work will enhance our understanding of virus and host interactions and could significantly advance future therapeutics.

PI_NAMEs: TENOEVER, BENJAMIN R. (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: KELLY, HALONNA R

PROJECT_TERMS: ADAR1;antagonist;Anti-viral Response;Arthropods;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Biogenesis;Biological;Biological Assay;Biology;C-terminal;Caveolae;caveolin 1;Cells;Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats;Complement;Complex;CRISPR screen;Cytoplasm;Deamination;Detection;Escape Mutant;Eukaryotic Cell;Event;Excision;experimental study;Family;Fluorescence;Future;Generations;homologous recombination;Immunoprecipitation;Infection;Integration Host Factors;Interferon Type I;Interferons;invention;Invertebrates;Life;Mammals;Mediating;Mediator;member;MicroRNAs;Molecular;Molecular Biology;Molecular Weight;novel;nuclease;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Phosphotransferases;Physiological;Plants;Play;Positioning Attribute;Process;Prokaryotic Cells;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt;Recombinants;response;Ribonuclease III;RNA;RNA Editing;RNA Interference;RNA metabolism;RNA Viruses;RNA-Induced Silencing Complex;Role;Sendai virus;Signal Transduction;Site;Small RNA;Specificity;Structure;System;Terminator Codon;Testing;Therapeutic;Transcript;Translations;Trees;Variant;Vertebrates;Viral;Viral Proteins;viral RNA;Virus;Virus Diseases;whole genome;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Defining the Biology of the ADAR1-RISC Complex

STUDY_SECTION: VIRB

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Virology - B Study Section[VIRB]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Cardiovascular;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Heart Disease;Infectious Diseases;Influenza;Lung;Pneumonia and Influenza

ORG_CITY: Columbus

ORG_NAME: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY

PHR: NARRATIVE Influenza virus can damage the heart, though this is a poorly understood aspect of influenza pathogenesis. We are investigating how and why specific virus strains traffic to the heart from the lung, how these viruses damage the heart, and how the immune system provides both beneficial and nonbeneficial effects during infection. This work will identify new strategies to prevent or treat influenza-associated cardiac dysfunction.

PI_NAMEs: YOUNT, JACOB  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: 1918 influenza pandemic;Address;Animal Model;Area;Attenuated;Autopsy;Bone Marrow;Cardiac;Cardiac Myocytes;Cell membrane;Cells;Chimera organism;Chromosome Mapping;Classification;Clinical;Custom;Data;Dose;Endowment;Engineering;Event;Fibrosis;Functional disorder;Funding;Genetic;Genetic Determinism;genetic risk factor;Heart;heart cell;heart damage;Hematopoietic;Hospitalization;Human;human mortality;Immune;Immune system;Immunity;Individual;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Influenza;influenza infection;influenza virus strain;influenzavirus;Innate Immune System;innovation;Integral Membrane Protein;Interferons;Knockout Mice;Knowledge;Laboratory mice;Lung;Lung infections;lung injury;Measurement;Modeling;Monitor;mouse model;Mouse Strains;Mus;Mutation;Myocardial dysfunction;Myocarditis;Natural Immunity;new pandemic;novel;Organ;pandemic influenza;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Pathology;Patients;Population;Positioning Attribute;Predisposition;prevent;Process;Proteins;Reassortant Viruses;Recombinants;reconstitution;Reporting;Research;Resistance;reverse genetics;Role;seasonal influenza;systemic inflammatory response;Testing;theories;Tissues;trafficking;Tropism;Vaccination;Viral;Viral Genes;Viral Proteins;Viremia;Virus;Virus Diseases;virus genetics;virus host interaction;Virus Replication;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Mechanisms of innate resistance to virus infections


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Immunization;Immunotherapy;Infectious Diseases;Vaccine Related

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Chronic viral infections affect millions of people worldwide and post a major public health challenge. This proposal aims to identify the molecular and cellular mechanisms required for long-term antiviral CD8 T-cell immunity and efficacy of immunotherapy against chronic viral infection. The results from this study will unveil novel targets that can be harnessed to induce durable control of chronic viral infection in patients.

PI_NAMEs: WU, TUOQI  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: JIANG, CHAO

PROJECT_TERMS: Affect;Anti-CD40;anti-viral efficacy;Anti-viral Response;Antigen Targeting;antiviral immunity;BACH2 gene;BCL6 gene;Biological Assay;CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes;CD8B1 gene;Cell Communication;Cell Shape;Cells;Cellular Metabolic Process;Chronic;chronic infection;cytokine;Data;Dendritic Cells;Development;Endowment;Energy Metabolism;Environment;Epigenetic Process;exhaust;exhaustion;Exhibits;Flow Cytometry;Foundations;Genetic Transcription;global health;Goals;Hepatitis B Virus;Hepatitis C virus;Heterogeneity;HIV;HIV Infections;Human;Immune response;Immunity;Immunotherapy;improved;Interferon Type I;Intervention;Knockout Mice;Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus;Lymphoid Tissue;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Metabolic;metabolic fitness;Metabolic Pathway;Metabolism;Mitochondria;Modeling;Molecular;mouse genetics;mouse model;Mus;Mutant Strains Mice;novel;Pathway interactions;Patients;PD-1 blockade;Persons;Poly I-C;Population;Preventative vaccination;Primates;programs;Public Health;Publications;Publishing;quantitative imaging;receptor;Reporter;Respiration;response;Role;self-renewal;SIV;stem;Subunit Vaccines;T cell response;T-Lymphocyte;T-Lymphocyte Subsets;tool;transcription factor;Treatment Efficacy;Vaccine Therapy;Vaccines;Viral;Viral Cancer;Viremia;Virus;Virus Diseases;XCR1 gene

PROJECT_TITLE: Program stem-like CD8 T cells to enhance antiviral immunity against chronic viral infection

STUDY_SECTION: IHD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Immunity and Host Defense Study Section[IHD]


ORG_CITY: MATHER

ORG_NAME: VA NORTHERN CALIFORNIA HEALTH CARE SYS

PHR: Stroke affects nearly a million Americans every year and thousands of Veterans. Unfortunately, many individuals do not fully recover from stroke, leaving them with numerous deficits that affect their daily lives. These deficits can include changes in visuospatial and cognitive functioning, which are critical for daily activities such as driving. Many stroke patients, however, return to driving without ever receiving a thorough assessment of visuospatial abilities and/or a formal driving evaluation. In the current study, we are proposing to relate cognitive functioning and stroke lesion sites to specific driving skills using a driving simulator. Our main goals are to identify cognitive deficits (behavioral markers) and brain regions (biological markers) that are consistently related to different aspects of driving. We will also investigate the usefulness of driver hazard warnings in driving after stroke. Findings from this project will help identify the most important aspects of cognition and driving to target in future efforts to rehabilitate brain injured individuals who wish to return to driving.

PI_NAMEs: BALDO, JULIANA V.;PARKER, KRISTA SCHENDEL (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Accidents;Activities of Daily Living;Affect;Age;American;Area;Attention;attentional bias;Automobile Driving;Behavioral;Biological Markers;Brain Injuries;Brain region;Caring;Chronic;Chronic disability;Clinical;Cognition;cognitive ability;Cognitive deficits;cognitive function;cognitive task;cognitive testing;community reintegration;Competence;computerized;cost;dashboard;Data;Development;Dorsal;driving performance;driving safety;driving skills;Education;Ensure;Environment;Evaluation;Executive Dysfunction;executive function;Exhibits;fitness;frontal lobe;Future;Goals;hazard;Impaired cognition;Impairment;improved;Individual;individual patient;Inferior;Left;Lesion;Maps;Measures;Modernization;Monitor;neural correlate;Neuroanatomy;neuroimaging;Neurologic;Neuropsychology;novel;Participant;Patients;Pattern;Performance;Positioning Attribute;post stroke;precision medicine;predictive test;procedure cost;programs;Quality of life;Reaction Time;Recording of previous events;Rehabilitation therapy;Resources;Right cerebral hemisphere;Risk;Safety;Short-Term Memory;Side;Signal Transduction;Site;skills;Speed;Stroke;stroke patient;sustained attention;Symptoms;System;Techniques;Technology;Temporal Lobe;Testing;Training Activity;Training Programs;Veterans;Visual;Visual Acuity;Visual Fields;Visuospatial;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Driving Performance after Stroke: Impact of Cognition, Lesion Site, and Driver-Assist Features

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRD1 NURC-H (01)]


ORG_CITY: HERSHEY

ORG_NAME: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR

PHR: NARRATIVE Innate immune signaling pathways including the RIG-I-like receptor (RLR), cGAS-STING and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways play crucial roles in the host response to pathogenic microbes. These pathways are potent inducers of inflammation when triggered and must be tightly regulated to avoid overexuberant inflammation and tissue damage. This proposal will investigate the mechanisms by which the selective autophagy receptor TAX1BP1 regulates innate immune signaling and immune homeostasis.

PI_NAMEs: HARHAJ, EDWARD W (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SINGLETON, KENTNER L

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;adaptive immune response;adaptive immunity;Adaptor Signaling Protein;Agonist;Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis;Apoptosis;Apoptotic;Automobile Driving;Autophagocytosis;Autophagosome;CASP1 gene;Cell Death;Cell membrane;cell type;Cells;CRISPR/Cas technology;cytokine;Data;Dinucleoside Phosphates;DNA;DNA Viruses;Double-Stranded RNA;ds-DNA;Endoplasmic Reticulum;Gene Expression;Genes;genomic RNA;Goals;Golgi Apparatus;Herpesvirus 1;Homeostasis;Host Defense;Huntington Disease;IFIH1;Immune;Immune response;Immune signaling;immunoregulation;in vivo;Inflammasome;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;inhibitor;innate immune pathways;insight;Interferon alpha;Interferon Type I;Interferon-beta;Invaded;Investigation;IRF3 gene;Knock-out;Knockout Mice;Lytic;Macrophage;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Mediating;Membrane;Mitochondria;Modeling;Molecular;Mus;mutant;Natural Immunity;NF-kappa B;novel;pathogen;pathogenic microbe;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Pattern recognition receptor;Periodicity;Peritoneal;Phosphorylation;Phosphorylation Site;Phosphotransferases;Play;prevent;Principal Investigator;Production;protein aggregation;Proteins;Reagent;receptor;Receptor Signaling;reconstitution;recruit;Regulation;Reporting;Research Personnel;response;RNA Helicase;RNA Viruses;Role;sensor;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Signaling Protein;Specificity;Stimulator of Interferon Genes;TBK1 gene;Testing;Tissues;tool;transcription factor;Transcriptional Activation;ubiquitin isopeptidase;Viral Genome;viral genomics;virology;Virus;Work;Zinc Fingers

PROJECT_TITLE: Negative regulation of innate immune signaling pathways by the selective autophagy receptor TAX1BP1

STUDY_SECTION: III

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Innate Immunity and Inflammation Study Section[III]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Disease;Health Disparities Research;Health Disparities and Racial or Ethnic Minority Health Research;Mental Health;Pediatric;Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period;Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn;Racial and Ethnic Minority Health Research;Social Determinants of Health;Women's Health Research

ORG_CITY: PROVIDENCE

ORG_NAME: WOMEN AND INFANTS HOSPITAL-RHODE ISLAND

ORG_STATE: RI

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE The goal of this project is to understand a significant public health concern, specifically prematurity and its disproportional impacts on Black and lower income families, and the role social determinates of health, namely work, may play in maintaining or disrupting the downstream consequences of prematurity through the infant’s first year of life. One aim is to determine how work factors (including paid leave, work hours, and schedule flexibility) are related to parents’ involvement in the NICU and their mental health; the second aim is to establish how these factors are related to infants’ short (NICU discharge) and longer-term (12 month) neurodevelopmental outcomes in a diverse sample of 250 NICU families. Findings from this study will hopefully elucidate understudied work-family barriers to parental involvement for diverse families in the NICU and identify family and state/federal policy-level intervention targets to support parent NICU engagement and mitigate the long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of prematurity.

PI_NAMEs: CRAFT, ALEXANDREA L. (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Achievement;Address;Adult;Anxiety;Area;Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;autism spectrum disorder;Back;Birth Rate;Black race;black women;black/white disparity;Caregivers;Caring;Child;Child Rearing;Childbirth;Cognition Disorders;Color;Complex;contextual factors;Coupled;design;Development;Disparity;Doctor's Degree;Ecological momentary assessment;ethnic diversity;ethnic minority;experience;extreme prematurity;Family;federal policy;flexibility;follow-up;Funding;Gestational Age;Goals;Health;High Prevalence;Hispanic Women;Hospitalization;Hospitals;Hour;Individual;Infant;Institution;Intervention;Knowledge;Leadership;lens;Life;low socioeconomic status;lower income families;Manuscripts;Mental disorders;Mental Health;Mentors;Methods;Mothers;Neonatal Intensive Care Units;neurodevelopment;Newborn Infant;Not Hispanic or Latino;Occupations;Outcome;Paper;parental involvement;parental monitoring;parental role;Parents;Play;Policies;Population Heterogeneity;posters;Postpartum Period;premature;Premature Birth;Premature Infant;programs;Psychopathology;Public Health;Publications;Publishing;racial diversity;racial minority;Research;Rhode Island;Risk;Role;Sampling;Schedule;Science;Secure;skills;Social Justice;statistics;Techniques;Training;undergraduate student;United States;virtual;Visit;White Women;Woman;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Juggling Roles: A Study of Diverse Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Parents and Their Work-Family Transition


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: DURHAM

ORG_NAME: DUKE UNIVERSITY

ORG_STATE: NC

PHR: The immune system is adept at clearing bacterial infection, however, certain bacteria can pose a difficult challenge that stimulates the immune response to form a structure called a granuloma. This structure is seen in important infections such as tuberculosis, however, granuloma functions have been difficult to study due to a lack of model systems. We have discovered a new granuloma model that allows us to study basic granuloma biology in laboratory mice.

PI_NAMEs: MIAO, EDWARD A (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Abscess;adaptive immune response;Antigen-Antibody Complex;Bacteria;Bacterial Infections;bactericide;Biological Models;Biology;C57BL/6 Mouse;CASP1 gene;CASP4 gene;Caspase;Cd68;Cell Death;cell type;Cells;Chromobacterium;Chromosome Mapping;Collagen;Complex;Deposition;Disease;DNA;Fibroblasts;Foreign Bodies;Goals;Grant;Granuloma;Granulomatous;Hepatocyte;Homeostasis;Immune;Immune response;Immune system;Immunologic Stimulation;Infection;Infectious Agent;innovation;Invaded;Kupffer Cells;Laboratory mice;Lesion;Liver;Macrophage;microbial;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;Necrosis;neutrophil;NOS2A gene;novel;Organ;pathogen;Pathology;prevent;Process;recruit;response;Stains;Stimulus;Structure;Susceptibility Gene;T-Lymphocyte;Thick;Tissues;trait;Tuberculosis;Virulence

PROJECT_TITLE: Pyroptosis maintains the integrity of a granuloma


ORG_NAME: LOUIS STOKES CLEVELAND VA MEDICAL CENTER

PHR: One in every four Veteran receiving care from the VA is being treated for diabetes, while more than half suffer from diabetic retinopathy. Yet, there is no treatment for non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; and treatments for proliferative diabetic retinopathy is futile to ~30% of diabetics receiving care. Thus, there is a great need for new therapeutics for this ocular disease. Recently, we discovered a metabolic enzyme (STEAP4) upregulated in the blood of diabetics, which correlates to the severity of diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we will examine the physiological impact of STEAP4 in the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy. While further identifying a potentially novel therapeutic target for diabetic retinopathy.

PI_NAMEs: TAYLOR, PATRICIA R (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Ablation;angiogenesis;Background Diabetic Retinopathy;Binding;Biological Assay;Blindness;Blood;Blood Vessels;C-terminal;C57BL/6 Mouse;Caring;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Proliferation;Cells;clinically relevant;Colon;cytokine;Data;Development;Diabetes Mellitus;diabetic;diabetic patient;Diabetic Retinopathy;Disease;Endothelial Cells;Enzymes;euglycemia;extracellular;Extravasation;Eye diseases;Genetic Transcription;Goals;Healthcare;Homeostasis;Human;Hyperglycemia;IL17 gene;Impairment;improved;In Vitro;Inflammation;Inflammatory;interest;intravitreal injection;Iron;macular edema;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Metabolic;Microvascular Dysfunction;Modeling;Muller's cell;Mus;N-terminal;NADPH Oxidoreductases NADH;neovascularization;new therapeutic target;NF-kappa B;non-diabetic;novel therapeutics;Organ;overexpression;Oxidative Stress;Oxygen;Pathogenesis;Pathology;Patients;Photoreceptors;Physiological;Plasma;Population;Production;proliferative diabetic retinopathy;Protein Isoforms;Reactive Oxygen Species;Retina;Retinal Diseases;Retinal Neovascularization;Role;Severities;Signal Transduction;six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3;six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 4;Testing;Transmembrane Domain;tumorigenesis;Type 2 diabetic;uptake;Vascular Proliferation;Vascularization;vector;Veterans;Vision;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: The role of STEAP4 in retinal pathogenesis and diabetic retinopathy

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRD1 NURF-H (01)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biotechnology;Genetics

ORG_CITY: IRVINE

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE

PHR: Project narrative: Antibody secretion by B cells is a major component of our immune response and mis-regulated antibody response underlies many auto-immune diseases. In this proposal, we will characterize the post-transcriptional gene regulation in B cells to understand how antibody secretion is regulated.

PI_NAMEs: SCIAMMAS, ROGER ;SHI, YONGSHENG  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: CASTLEMAN, MORIAH JOVITA

PROJECT_TERMS: Alleles;Alternative Splicing;Antibodies;Antibody Response;Autoimmune Diseases;B-Cell Activation;B-Cell Development;B-Lymphocytes;Binding;Biochemical;Biological Process;cell mediated immune response;Cell Physiology;Cells;Complex;CRISPR screen;Data;design;Development;Disease;Gene Expression Regulation;gene network;Genes;genetic approach;genome-wide;Immune response;Immunoglobulin M;Individual;insight;Link;Malignant Neoplasms;Membrane;Messenger RNA;Modeling;Neurodegenerative Disorders;novel;Pattern;Play;Polyadenylation;Post-Transcriptional Regulation;Process;Protein Isoforms;Proteins;Regulation;Reporter;Reporting;RNA Processing;RNA-Binding Proteins;Role;Signaling Protein;Testing;Transcript;transcription factor;Transcriptional Activation;Transcriptional Regulation;vaccine development;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: mRNA alternative polyadenylation in B cell development


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Infectious Diseases;Lung;Pneumonia;Pneumonia and Influenza;Rare Diseases

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA

PHR: Project Narrative The intracellular bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila is an important cause of hospital- and community- acquired pneumonia. We propose to define novel mechanisms underlying how the innate immune system successfully overcomes the ability of Legionella to disarm alveolar macrophage function. Defining these mechanisms will enable the design of new anti-bacterial therapeutics that are effective against Legionella and other intracellular bacterial pathogens.

PI_NAMEs: SHIN, SUNNY  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Ablation;Acetyl Coenzyme A;Address;aerobic glycolysis;alveolar epithelium;Alveolar Macrophages;Anti-Bacterial Agents;Antibiotic Resistance;antimicrobial;Automobile Driving;Bacterial Infections;Bacterial Pneumonia;Cell Physiology;cell type;Cells;Collaborations;Communities;community acquired pneumonia;cytokine;Cytokine Signaling;Data;Defense Mechanisms;defined contribution;design;Development;Enzymes;epigenetic marker;Epigenetic Process;Epithelial Cells;Funding;Future;Generations;Genetic Transcription;Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor;Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptors;Histone Acetylation;Hospitals;Host Defense;Host Defense Mechanism;Immune;immune clearance;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Infection;Infection Control;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;innate immune mechanisms;Innate Immune System;insight;Interleukin-1;Interleukin-1 alpha;Interleukin-1 beta;Interleukin-1 Receptors;Interleukin-12;Interleukin-6;JAK2 gene;Knowledge;Lactate Dehydrogenase;Legionella;Legionella pneumophila;Legionnaires' Disease;Licensing;Lung;Mediating;Metabolic;monocyte;Morbidity - disease rate;mortality;mouse model;Myeloid Cells;Nosocomial pneumonia;novel;pathogen;pathogenic bacteria;pathogenic microbe;Production;programs;Protein Biosynthesis;Publishing;Receptor Signaling;Research;response;Role;Signal Transduction;Source;Stat5 protein;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutically effective;Time;TNF gene;Transcriptional Activation;Translations;Type IV Secretion System Pathway;Vaccines;Virulence;Virulence Factors

PROJECT_TITLE: Innate immune-mediated control of pulmonary Legionella pneumophila infection

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-IDIB-S(02)]


ORG_CITY: KANSAS CITY

ORG_NAME: KANSAS CITY VA MEDICAL CENTER

ORG_STATE: MO

PHR: Project Narrative Hepatic steatosis drives risk for liver disease (steatohepatitis and cirrhosis), type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk. Hepatic steatosis diagnosis rates have increased by 17-fold from 2000 to 2017 in Veterans. Women represent 9% of the Veteran population but will increase to ~15% by 2040. Pre-menopausal women are protected against steatosis but have a much higher risk than men after menopause. Hepatic steatosis is and will continue to be a significant healthcare burden for female VA patients as they enter menopause. Using molecular approaches and mouse models, this proposal will examine mechanistic interactions between liver estrogen signaling, exercise, and mitochondrial quality control mechanisms after the loss of ovarian function due to ovariectomies. The underlying goal is to investigate therapeutic targets and provide mechanistic information for the role of estrogen hormone replacement therapy and exercise in modulating liver metabolism.

PI_NAMEs: THYFAULT, JOHN P (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: Acute;Aerobic;Automobile Driving;Binding;Biogenesis;Biological Models;Body Weight;cardiovascular risk factor;Chronic;Cirrhosis;Clinical;Clinical Data;Coupled;Coupling;Data;diabetes risk;Diagnosis;Dynamin;ESR1 gene;Estradiol;Estrogen Receptors;Estrogen Replacement Therapy;Estrogen Replacements;Estrogens;Exercise;Exercise Test;Fatty acid glycerol esters;fatty acid oxidation;Fatty Liver;Female;Funding;Gluconeogenesis;Goals;Health;healthcare burden;Hepatic;Hepatocellular Damage;Heterozygote;High Fat Diet;high risk;high risk men;Hormone replacement therapy;Hydrogen Peroxide;Hyperglycemia;Impairment;improved;in vivo;Influentials;Knock-out;Knockout Mice;Knowledge;Laboratories;Link;Liver;Liver diseases;liver injury;liver metabolism;Liver Mitochondria;male;Mediating;Mediator;Membrane Potentials;Menopause;Metabolic;Metabolic Diseases;metabolic phenotype;Metabolism;military veteran;Mitochondria;mitochondrial dysfunction;Modeling;Molecular;mouse model;Mus;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;novel;Nutrient;Obesity;Outcome;Outcome Measure;Ovarian;Ovariectomy;oxidation;Oxidative Phosphorylation;Oxidative Stress;Pathologic;Patients;physical inactivity;Population;Postmenopause;Pre-Clinical Model;Predisposition;Premenopause;prevent;Probability;Process;Proteins;Proteomics;Quality Control;Receptor Signaling;Reporting;Resolution;Respiration;respiratory;Risk;Rodent Model;Role;sexual dimorphism;Signal Transduction;Skeletal Muscle;Steatohepatitis;Testing;therapeutic target;therapy development;tool;Veterans;Woman

PROJECT_TITLE: Ovarian function and hepatic mitochondrial quality control in steatosis

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRD1 ENDA-L (01)]


ORG_DEPT: ANATOMY/CELL BIOLOGY

PHR: OVERALL PROJECT SUMMARY In this Program Project renewal, we bring together investigators with very different expertise and approaches from structural biology, proteomics, immunology, biophysics and computational biology to understand T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling. We will study the distinct features of the T cell-expressed tyrosine kinase enzymes that make these most suitable for TCR signaling, how the biochemical features and assembly of particular molecules are used to amplify signals, how distinct signaling pathways coordinate different cellular responses and how signaling circuitry generated enables the T cell to discriminate and respond to signals generated from self-antigens versus pathogen or tumor antigens.

PI_NAMEs: ROOSE, JEROEN  (contact);WEISS, ARTHUR

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: MALLIA, CONRAD M

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Agonist;analog;Antigens;Autoantigens;B-Lymphocytes;Biochemical;Biochemistry;Biological;Biophysics;Cell Line;Cell membrane;Cell Physiology;Cells;Characteristics;Collaborations;Computational Biology;Computer Models;Cytoplasm;Development;digital;Discrimination;Distal;Engineering;Ensure;Enzymes;Event;Evolution;Exhibits;experimental study;Family;Family member;Feedback;FRAP1 gene;Gene Expression;Goals;Image;Immunity;Immunology;in vivo;Individual;Kinetics;Knowledge;Lead;Ligands;Lymphocyte-Specific p56LCK Tyrosine Protein Kinase;member;Molecular Conformation;mouse model;Nuclear;p38 Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase;pathogen;Pathway interactions;Pattern;Peptide/MHC Complex;Phase Transition;Phosphotransferases;Physical condensation;Process;Productivity;programs;Property;Protein Tyrosine Kinase;Proteins;Proteomics;ras Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors;Receptor Signaling;reconstitution;Regulation;Regulatory T-Lymphocyte;Research;Research Personnel;response;Role;scaffold;Scaffolding Protein;Signal Pathway;Signal Transduction;Signaling Molecule;single molecule;skills;Specificity;structural biology;Structure;synergism;System;T cell regulation;T-Cell Activation;T-Cell Receptor;T-Lymphocyte;TEC Protein Tyrosine Kinase;Tumor Antigens;Tumor Immunity;two-dimensional;Tyrosine Phosphorylation;Work;ZAP-70 Gene

PROJECT_TITLE: Defining the Unique Properties of the Distinct Signaling Machinery Used by the TCR


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Digestive Diseases;Estrogen;Genetics;Orphan Drug;Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects;Rare Diseases;Regenerative Medicine;Women's Health Research

ORG_DEPT: RADIATION-DIAGNOSTIC/ONCOLOGY

PHR: NARRATIVE Sex can be a compounding factor in affecting the outcome of a variety of diseases. To date, the mechanisms of sexual differences in radiation sickness have not been fully investigated. In this project, we will gain key insights into sex differences between males and females from the contribution of gonadal hormones and sex chromosomes following exposure to ionizing radiation. Such findings will be invaluable in the case of a nuclear catastrophe, where an exposed population will need to be triaged based on their risk for radiation syndrome severity. This study will also evaluate gonadal sex hormones and IL-33 as potentiators of radiation-induced disease, allowing for the potential identification of novel targets of therapeutic strategy for individuals suffering from radiation-induced disease in the short and long term.

PI_NAMEs: GUHA, CHANDAN  (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: TALIAFERRO, LANYN P

PROJECT_TERMS: absorption;Acute;Address;Affect;autosome;Bacterial Translocation;biodosimetry;biological adaptation to stress;Biological Assay;Biological Factors;Bone Marrow;C57BL/6 Mouse;Cells;Chromosome 3;Coupled;Data;Development;Disease;Equity;Excision;Exhibits;Exposure to;Female;Fibrosis;Four Core Genotypes;Functional disorder;gastrointestinal;Gastrointestinal Injury;gender equity;Genetic;Genotype;Goals;Gonadal Hormones;Gonadal Steroid Hormones;Hematopoietic;Histology;Hormones;Immune;Immune response;Individual;Infiltration;Inherited;Injury;Innate Immune Response;insight;intestinal crypt;Intestinal permeability;Intestines;Ionizing radiation;irradiation;Knock-out;Laboratories;Literature;Long-Term Effects;long-term sequelae;male;mast cell;Mediating;medical countermeasure;Medicine;metabolomics;monocyte;mortality;mouse model;Mus;Natural regeneration;neutrophil;new therapeutic target;novel therapeutics;Nuclear;nuclear countermeasure;OLFM4 gene;Outcome;Ovary;Partner in relationship;Patients;Pelvis;Plasma;Population;Proctitis;programs;PTPRC gene;Radiation;radiation countermeasure;Radiation exposure;Radiation induced damage;Radiation Injuries;radiation response;radiation risk;Radiation Sicknesses;Radiation Syndromes;Radiation therapy;Radiation Toxicity;Recombinants;Rectum;repaired;Research;response;Role;Severities;sex;sex as a biological variable;Sex Chromosomes;Sex Differences;sexual dimorphism;Small Intestines;sry Genes;Stains;stem cell self renewal;Testis;Tissues;transcriptomics;Transgenes;Transgenic Organisms;Triage;uptake;Whole-Body Irradiation;Wild Type Mouse;Women's Health;X Chromosome;Xylose;Y Chromosome;Y chromosome deletion

PROJECT_TITLE: Sexual Dimorphism in repair and regeneration after radiation exposure

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZAI1 MR-I (M1)]


ED_INST_TYPE: ORGANIZED RESEARCH UNITS

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Biotechnology;Clinical Research;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases;Sexually Transmitted Infections

ORG_CITY: ATLANTA

ORG_DEPT: MISCELLANEOUS

ORG_NAME: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY

PHR: Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the common STI gonorrhea, for which there are dwindling treatment options and no protective vaccine. N. gonorrhoeae has the striking ability to co-opt human metal-binding proteins, normally meant to restrict bacterial growth, as a source of essential metals. This project seeks to understand the structure and function relationships in four outer membrane transporters produced by N. gonorrhoeae during infection of relevant host cells, to determine the metal environment sensed by N. gonorrhoeae during infection of these cells, and to explore whether inhibitory compounds or monoclonal antibodies block these critical metal acquisition functions, which can point to new therapies against this common infectious disease.

PI_NAMEs: CORNELISSEN, CYNTHIA N (contact);CRISS, ALISON K

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: VINCENT, LEAH REBECCA

PROJECT_TERMS: Address;Affect;Affinity;antibiotic resistant infections;Antibodies;Antibody Binding Sites;Area;Bacteria;Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance;Bacteriology;Binding;Binding Proteins;Binding Sites;Biochemical;Biological;Biological Process;Blocking Antibodies;Calgranulin A;Cell Culture Techniques;Cell Survival;cell type;Cells;Cervical;chelation;Communicable Diseases;Culture Media;Data;Dedications;Drug-resistant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae;Environment;Epithelial Cells;Epitopes;experience;extracellular;female reproductive tract infection;Funding;Gene Expression;Genetic;Gonorrhea;Growth;Health;Hemoglobin;Homeostasis;Human;immune clearance;In Vitro;in vitro testing;in vivo;Infection;Inflammation;Inflammatory;inhibitor;innovation;insight;Interdisciplinary Study;Invaded;Investigation;Iron;Knowledge;Lactoferrin;Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex;Ligand Binding;Ligands;Maps;Mass Spectrum Analysis;Mediating;Membrane;Membrane Transport Proteins;Metals;microbial;Monoclonal Antibodies;Mutagenesis;mutant;Natural Immunity;Neisseria gonorrhoeae;neutrophil;novel therapeutics;Nutrient;Nutritional Immunity;pathogen;Pathogenesis;pathogenic bacteria;Pathogenicity;Pathway interactions;Persons;Physiological;prevent;Process;promoter;protein expression;protein protein interaction;Proteins;psoriasin;receptor;Reporter;Reporting;Repression;response;S100 Proteins;S100A7;Sexually Transmitted Diseases;Siderophores;Signal Transduction;Site;Site-Directed Mutagenesis;small molecule inhibitor;Source;structural biology;Structural Protein;Structure;Structure-Activity Relationship;Superbug;Surface;System;Techniques;Technology;Testing;Therapeutic Intervention;Time;transcriptome;transcriptome sequencing;Transferrin;Transition Elements;uptake;Vaccines;Zinc

PROJECT_TITLE: Neisseria gonorrhoeae metal transporters that subvert nutritional immunity


ED_INST_TYPE: SCHOOLS OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE This proposal will increase our understanding of how the immune system causes disease when it incorrectly recognizes and responds to self-molecules as a threat. By providing understanding of autoimmunity to lipids or “fats” the outcome of this proposal has the potential to redefine Type 2 Diabetes as an autoimmune disease. This will provide new strategies for management of Type 2 Diabetes and new targets for therapeutic development.

PI_NAMEs: NICHOLAS, DEQUINA ANGELINA (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: GONDRE-LEWIS, TIMOTHY A

PROJECT_TERMS: 3D Print;Adipose tissue;American;Anti-Inflammatory Agents;Antibodies;Antigen Presentation;Antigen-Presenting Cells;Antigens;Area;Autoantibodies;Autoantigens;Autoimmune Diseases;Autoimmune Responses;Autoimmunity;Automobile Driving;B-cell receptor repertoire sequencing;B-Lymphocytes;Biochemistry;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Blood specimen;CD1 Antigens;Cell Physiology;Cells;Chronic;Color;Communities;Complement;Computer Models;Computing Methodologies;Coupled;Creativeness;Custom;cytokine;Development;Disease;Disease Management;Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay;Fatty acid glycerol esters;Fatty Acids;Flow Cytometry;Goals;Health;High Fat Diet;Homeostasis;Human;human model;humanized mouse;Immune;immune function;Immune response;Immune system;Immunologics;Immunophenotyping;In Vitro;in vitro Model;in vivo;Inflammation;Inflammatory;Inflammatory Response;innovation;Insulin Resistance;Investigation;Laboratories;Left;Lipids;Mediating;Molecular Biology Techniques;mouse model;Mus;Nature;neutralizing antibody;new technology;new therapeutic target;Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus;Nonesterified Fatty Acids;novel;Outcome;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;Phenotype;Postdoctoral Fellow;prevent;Protein Analysis;Protein Engineering;Proteins;Research;response;Role;Sampling;Saturated Fatty Acids;Serum;single-cell RNA sequencing;Systems Biology;T cell response;T-Cell Activation;T-Cell Receptor;T-Lymphocyte;Testing;Therapeutic;therapeutic development;Transgenic Mice;Transgenic Organisms;translational potential;Triglycerides;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Lipid Antigen Presentation as a Driver of T2D Inflammation


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Antimicrobial Resistance;Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Infectious Diseases;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

ORG_NAME: EMORY UNIVERSITY

PHR: Increasing antibiotic resistance is a major problem that threatens to end the clinical usefulness of many antibiotics and fundamentally alter our ability to treat bacterial infections. This proposal will extend our studies of enzymes that chemically modify specific RNA molecules to alter antibiotic activity and will also establish a new paradigm for understanding how these modifications impact antibiotic-target interactions. Detailed understanding of mechanisms of resistance and antibiotic-target interactions are necessary prerequisites for the development of new strategies to extend the clinical life of current antibiotics or to create novel designer drugs to combat resistant bacteria.

PI_NAMEs: CONN, GRAEME L (contact);DUNHAM, CHRISTINE M

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: XU, ZUOYU

PROJECT_TERMS: active method;Address;Affect;Aminoglycoside resistance;Aminoglycosides;analog;Antibiotic Resistance;Antibiotics;antimicrobial;Antimycobacterial Agents;Bacteria;Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance;Bacterial Infections;bacterial resistance;base;Binding;Biochemical;Biological Assay;Capromycin;Cessation of life;chemical synthesis;Chemicals;Clinical;clinically relevant;combat;Computer Models;crosslink;Cryoelectron Microscopy;design;Designer Drugs;Deuterium;Development;Docking;drug efficacy;Drug resistance;Drug resistance in tuberculosis;enzyme substrate complex;Enzymes;Essential Drugs;experimental analysis;experimental study;flexibility;Foundations;functional group;Future;Goals;Healthcare;human pathogen;Hydrogen;In Vitro;Infection;inhibitor;innovation;insight;Knowledge;Life;Measurement;Mediating;Medical;Methylation;Methyltransferase;Modernization;Modification;Molecular;Molecular Conformation;Molecular Mechanisms of Action;mycobacterial;Mycobacterium tuberculosis;novel;particle;Persons;Pharmaceutical Preparations;Population;Predisposition;Protein Dynamics;rational design;Resistance;Resistance development;resistance mechanism;Resolution;Ribosomal RNA;Ribosomes;RNA;RNA Binding;RNA methylation;RNA, Ribosomal, 16S;Role;Site;Structure;Substrate Specificity;Surface;Therapeutic;Work;X-Ray Crystallography

PROJECT_TITLE: RNA modification and antibiotic resistance

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1-IDM-U(02)M]


ADMINISTERING_IC: HL

IC_NAME: NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE

NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Basic Behavioral and Social Science;Behavioral and Social Science;Clinical Research;Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities;Lung;Mental Health;Neurosciences;Sleep Research

ORG_CITY: Chicago

ORG_DEPT: OTHER CLINICAL SCIENCES

ORG_NAME: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Physical and mental health can suffer due to insufficient sleep, but even getting enough sleep can be problematic when sleep is qualitatively suboptimal. Suboptimal sleep contributes in the general case to problems that include drowsiness, lethargy, muscle aches, inattention, and poor memory, and in various disease states to problems that include cardiovascular issues, anxiety, depression, and other stress-related dysfunctions. To improve health for a wide variety of patients, including but not limited to patients with obstructive sleep apnea, this project will usher in a new orientation to improving sleep with innovative methods for altering sleep physiology in the home based on easy-to-use wearable technology that changes what happens in the brain during sleep.

PI_NAMEs: PALLER, KEN A (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: LAPOSKY, AARON D

PROJECT_TERMS: Ache;Anxiety;Brain;Cardiovascular system;Disease;Drowsiness;Functional disorder;Health;Home;Human;improved;improvement on sleep;inattention;innovation;Lethargies;Memory;Mental Depression;Mental Health;Methods;Muscle;Obstructive Sleep Apnea;Patients;physical conditioning;Sleep;Sleep Apnea Syndromes;Sleep Deprivation;sleep physiology;Stress;wearable device

PROJECT_TITLE: Micromanaging Human Sleep Physiology to Treat Sleep Apnea and Other Disorders

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: Special Emphasis Panel[ZRG1 MBBC-J (70)]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Digestive Diseases;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: INDIANAPOLIS

ORG_NAME: INDIANA UNIVERSITY INDIANAPOLIS

ORG_STATE: IN

PHR: Project Narrative Coxsackievirus is a major human pathogen that initiates infection in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, home to a community of resident bacteria. These bacteria can enhance Coxsackievirus replication and pathogenesis; however, the mechanism remains unclear. The goal of this proposal is to investigate the mechanism of bacterial-mediated enhancement of Coxsackievirus infectivity and stability.

PI_NAMEs: ROBINSON, CHRISTOPHER MICHAEL (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: PARK, EUN-CHUNG

PROJECT_TERMS: Adult;Affect;Affinity;Amino Acids;Avidity;Bacteria;Binding;Binding Sites;Biological Assay;Biological Models;Breathing;Capsid;Cell Wall;Cell-Matrix Junction;Cells;Chemical Structure;Child;Communities;Coxsackie Viruses;Coxsackievirus Infections;Cryoelectron Microscopy;Data;Development;Disease Outbreaks;Electrostatics;Elements;Enteral;enteric virus infection;Environment;Escherichia coli;Foot Diseases;Future;Gastrointestinal tract structure;Generations;Goals;Gram-Negative Bacteria;Hand's disease;Home;human pathogen;Human poliovirus;improved;In Vitro;in vivo;Individual;Infection;Intestines;Lipopolysaccharides;Mediating;Membrane;Meningoencephalitis;microbiota;mouse model;Mouth Diseases;mutant;novel;novel therapeutics;Oral;particle;Pathogenesis;pathogenic microbe;Population Heterogeneity;Prevention;Reovirus;Route;Salmonella;Salmonella enterica;Structure;thermostability;transmission process;Viral;viral myocarditis;Viral Pathogenesis;viral transmission;Virion;Virus;Virus Replication

PROJECT_TITLE: Bacterial-mediated enhancement of Coxsackievirus


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: HIV/AIDS

ORG_DEPT: PEDIATRICS

PHR: Project Narrative HIV-1 initiates infection by fusing with cell membranes through a process mediated by the viral envelope glycoprotein. Several host factors incorporate into virions and inhibit their fusion with new target cells through a poorly understood mechanism. We will use a panel of cutting-edge imaging techniques to delineate the mechanism by which these host proteins disfavor HIV-1 fusion and to inform new antiviral strategies.

PI_NAMEs: MELIKIAN, GREGORY B (contact)

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: SHANKAR, UDAY K

PROJECT_TERMS: Actins;Architecture;Attenuated;Binding;Biological Assay;Biophysics;CCR5 gene;Cell fusion;Cell membrane;Cell surface;Cells;comparison control;Complement;Cryoelectron Microscopy;CXCR4 gene;Data;env Glycoproteins;Fluorescence;Foundations;Glycoproteins;Goals;HIV Envelope Protein gp120;HIV resistance;HIV-1;imaging approach;Imaging Techniques;In Vitro;Infection;insight;Integration Host Factors;Interferons;Lateral;Lipids;Maps;Mediating;Membrane;Membrane Fusion;Membrane Lipids;Membrane Proteins;Modeling;Molecular;mutant;Mutation;mutation screening;particle;Process;Property;Protein Family;Proteins;receptor;Receptor Signaling;Reporting;Resistance;response;Role;Serine;Signal Transduction;single molecule;Site;Specificity;Structure;superresolution imaging;superresolution microscopy;Techniques;Tertiary Protein Structure;Testing;Transmembrane Domain;V3 Loop;Viral;Viral Physiology;Viral Proteins;Virion;Virus;Visualization

PROJECT_TITLE: Biophysics of Protein-Mediated Membrane Fusion

STUDY_SECTION: HVCD

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Molecular Virology, Cell Biology, and Drug Development Study Section[HVCD]


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Genetics;Human Genome;Infectious Diseases

ORG_CITY: IOWA CITY

ORG_NAME: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA

ORG_STATE: IA

PHR: Narrative Several human illnesses such as chronic viral infection, cancer, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative diseases are due to aberrant activation of innate immune responses and are associated with production of proinflammatory cytokines. We have identified a novel repressor complex composed of Capicua-Ataxin1 or 1L, which prevents aberrant expression of antiviral genes in the absence of virus infection; and, upon viral infection, this complex is rapidly degraded to turn on antiviral responses. Our proposed study will investigate the Capicua-Ataxin1 mediated regulation of innate immune responses in human cells and knock out mouse models.

PI_NAMEs: MANICASSAMY, BALAJI  (contact)

PROJECT_TERMS: A549;airway epithelium;Anti-viral Response;ATAC-seq;ataxin-1;Autoimmune Diseases;Binding;Binding Sites;Biological Assay;Bone Marrow;Cancer Model;cancer type;cell type;Cells;ChIP-seq;Chromatin;chromatin immunoprecipitation;Chronic;comparison control;Complex;CRISPR screen;cytokine;Dendritic Cells;derepression;Diabetes Mellitus;Disease;Distal;DNA;DNA Binding;Drosophila genus;Elements;Embryo;Embryonic Development;Encephalomyocarditis virus;Enterobacteria phage P1 Cre recombinase;Epithelial Cells;Fibroblasts;Gene Expression;gene repression;Genes;genetic corepressor;Genetic Transcription;genome-wide;Goals;Homeostasis;Human;IFIH1;Immune;Immunity;in vivo;Infection;Inflammatory;Influenza A virus;influenza infection;Innate Immune Response;insight;Integration Host Factors;Interferon Type I;Interferon Type II;Interferon-beta;Interferons;IRF3 gene;ISG15 gene;Knock-out;Knockout Mice;loss of function mutation;Luciferases;Macrophage;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;microbial;Modeling;mouse model;multicatalytic endopeptidase complex;Mus;Mutate;Natural Immunity;Nerve Degeneration;Neurodegenerative Disorders;neuron development;novel;Nucleic Acids;Pathway interactions;Pattern recognition receptor;Post-Translational Protein Processing;prevent;Production;promoter;Promoter Regions;Receptor Activation;Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases;Regulation;Reporter;Repression;Repressor Proteins;Respiratory System;RNA;RNA Viruses;Role;sensor;Spinocerebellar Ataxias;STAT1 gene;Stimulus;transcription factor;Transcription Repressor;Transcriptional Regulation;transcriptome sequencing;Up-Regulation;Validation;Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus;Viral;Viral Genes;Virus;Virus Diseases;Virus Replication;Zika Virus

PROJECT_TITLE: Regulation of innate antiviral responses by the DNA-binding transcriptional repressor complex CIC-ATXN1/L


NIH_SPENDING_CATS: Biodefense and Related Countermeasures;Bioengineering;Biotechnology;Emerging Infectious Diseases;Immunotherapy;Infectious Diseases;Lung;Nanotechnology;Orphan Drug;Rare Diseases;Tuberculosis

PHR: PROJECT NARRATIVE Antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is long and arduous and new therapies are urgently needed, especially for drug-resistant TB and HIV-coinfected persons. Host-directed therapies (HDT) that work in conjunction with antibiotic treatment are attractive for improving immunity to TB and anti-TB treatment. We aim to use novel multivalent synthetic nanoparticle antibodies (SNAbs) to specifically target immune cells that suppress immunity and explore their potential as targets for HDT for TB.

PI_NAMEs: RENGARAJAN, JYOTHI  (contact);ROY, KRISHNENDU

PROGRAM_OFFICER_NAME: EICHELBERG, KATRIN

PROJECT_TERMS: Activities of Daily Living;adaptive immune response;Antibiotic Therapy;Antibiotics;Antibodies;Antimycobacterial Agents;Antitubercular Agents;Antitubercular Antibiotics;Area;arginase;C3HeB/FeJ Mouse;cancer immunotherapy;CD8B1 gene;Cell Physiology;Cells;Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes;Data;Dioxygenases;Disease;Disease Progression;Drug resistance in tuberculosis;Equilibrium;Genetic Predisposition to Disease;HIV/TB;Immune;immune function;Immune response;Immune Targeting;Immunity;immunoengineering;Immunology;immunomodulatory therapies;immunopathology;Immunosuppression;improved;Inflammation Mediators;Innate Immune Response;innovation;insight;Lung;Macrophage;Malignant Neoplasms;Mediating;Mediator;Monitor;Monoclonal Antibodies;Mus;mycobacterial;Mycobacterium tuberculosis;Myeloid Cells;Myeloid-derived suppressor cells;nanoparticle;nanotherapeutic;Natural Killer Cells;Nitric Oxide Synthase;novel;novel therapeutics;Pathogenesis;Pathogenicity;Pathology;Pathway interactions;Patients;Persons;Population;prevent;pulmonary granuloma;Pulmonary Pathology;Pulmonary Tuberculosis;Reagent;recruit;Regulatory T-Lymphocyte;Relapse;Research;Resistance;response;Role;S100A8 gene;small molecule inhibitor;Structure of parenchyma of lung;T-Lymphocyte;targeted treatment;Testing;Therapeutic;Time;tool;Treatment Efficacy;Treatment Protocols;Tuberculosis;tuberculosis immunity;tuberculosis treatment;tumor microenvironment;Work

PROJECT_TITLE: Synthetic Nanoparticle-antibody (SNAb) Based Depletion of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells for TB Host-Directed Therapy

STUDY_SECTION: HCAC

STUDY_SECTION_NAME: HIV Coinfections and HIV Associated Cancers Study Section[HCAC]