Breast sensation before and after plastic surgery.
Patients undergoing various plastic surgical procedures on their breasts were studied before and after operations with respect to sensation from crude touch, light pressure, and pain. The more extensive the operation on the breast (the more skin and breast tissue removed) the greater the postoperative decrease in sensation. Reduction mammaplasty and subcutaneous mastectomy were associated with decreased sensation in a significant number of patients. An unexpected finding was that patients having augmentation mammaplasty by either the inframammary or areola route showed a significant decrease in sensation to the nipple and apeola. At two years, 15 percent of the patients still had impaired sensory perception, although crude touch and light pressure appreciation had returned. Many of these patients had normal erectility with normal, and even enhanced, sensuality.
D001940:Breast / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008408:Mastectomy; D009558:Nipples / Q000601:surgery / Q000637:transplantation; D010146:Pain; D011312:Pressure; D012677:Sensation; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D013997:Time Factors; D014110:Touch; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous