Uropharmacology: v. choline esters and other parasympathomimetic drugs.
Various parasympathomimetic drugs are discussed, including the choline esters, bethanechol, carbachol, methacholine chloride, and furtrethonium. Other cholinomimetic agents include muscarine, muscarone, arecholine, and pilocarpine. Anticholinesterase agents inhibit or inactivate acetylcholinesterase enzyme and thus result in a prolonged stimulation of cholinergic receptors by endogenous ACh. Bethanechol is the most widely used parasympathomimetic drug in the United States. Its action is mainly muscarinic with activity largely confined to the urinary bladder and to a lesser degree the gastrointestinal tract. It can be administered only subcutaneously or orally, and adequate dosage is necessary for a successful response.
D000818:Animals; D001626:Bethanechol Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008688:Methacholine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D009116:Muscarine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010277:Parasympathomimetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects*
D001626:Bethanechol Compounds; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D008688:Methacholine Compounds; D010277:Parasympathomimetics; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D009388:Neostigmine; D009116:Muscarine; D002217:Carbachol; D010830:Physostigmine