Clinical pharmacologic observations on atenolol, a beta-adrenoceptor blocker.
The effects of oral and intravenous administration of atenolol were studied in healthy volunteers. The oral administration of a series of single doses of atenolol reduced an exercise tachycardia. After a 200-mg dose, the effect on an exercise tachycardia was maximal at 3 hr and declined linearly with time at a rate of approximately 10% per 24 hr. The peak plasma atenolol concentration occurred at 3 hr and thereafter declined exponentially with time with an elimination half-life of 6.36 +/- 0.55 hr: 43 +/- 3.9% of the dose was excreted in the urine within 72 hr. There was a correlation between the reduction in an exercise tachycardia and the logarithm of the corresponding plasma concentration. The intravenous administration of atenolol reduced exercise tachycardia with a significant correlation between effect and plasma concentration. After 50 mg intravenously, 100% of the dose was recovered from the urine, and the clearance was 97.3 ml/min. Comparison of AUC O leads to chi after oral and intravenous administration of 50 mg showed the bioavailability to be 63% after oral drug. Repeated oral administration of atenolol 200 mg daily either as a single dose or in divided 12 hourly doses for 8 days maintained reduction of an exercise tachycardia of at least 24% during the period of drug administration. The plasma elimination half-life, area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and peak plasma concentration after 200 mg atenolol were not changed by chronic dosing for 8 days.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D001262:Atenolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001682:Biological Availability; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006207:Half-Life; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D005082:Physical Exertion; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D011412:Propanolamines; D001262:Atenolol