[Chloroquine keratopathy as an example of drug-induced phospholipidosis (contribution to the pathogenesis of cornea verticillata) (author's transl)].
Chronic treatment with certain drugs induces morphological alterations in the eye which are histologically and electron microscopically identical with those found in hereditary lipidoses (cornea verticillata, e.g. in M. Fabry). Hereditary storage diseases are the consequence of enzyme defects, the mechanism underlying the side effect of certain drugs, however, is quite different. "Amphiphilic" drugs from completely different pharmacological groups, like chloroquine, amiodarone, chlorpromazine form complexes with cellular phospholipids which cannot be metabolised by lysosomal phospholipases. Thus in all tissues with high phospholipid content or turnover typical intracellular deposites with lamellary or crystalloid structure may occur (myelin figures). Such deposites were observed in different parts of the eye and are known e.g. from the cornea as "cornea verticillata".
D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002745:Chlorphentermine / Q000378:metabolism; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008064:Lipidoses / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D010743:Phospholipids; D002738:Chloroquine; D010740:Phospholipases; D002745:Chlorphentermine
Die Chloroquinkeratopathie als Beispiel einer arzneimittelinduzierten Phospholipidosis (Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Pathogenese der Cornea verticillata)