The effects of acute and chronic nicotine hydrogen (+)-tartrate administration and subsequent withdrawal on rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase activity and their comparison with those of morphine, phenobarbitone and ethanol.
Acute administration of nicotine hydrogen (+)-tartrate enhances the activity of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase by a hormonal mechanism. Chronic nicotine treatment inhibits, and subsequent withdrawal enhances, the pyrrolase activity. The inhibition during chronic treatment is not due to a defective apoenzyme synthesis nor a decreased cofactor availability. Regeneration of liver NADP+ in vitro and in vivo reverses the inhibition. Chronic nicotine administration increases the liver NADPH concentration. The above effects of nicotine resemble to a remarkable degree those previously shown for morphine, phenobarbitone and ethanol. All effects are compared, and their possible significance in relation to drug dependence is discussed.
D000818:Animals; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009540:Nicotinyl Alcohol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D011292:Premedication; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*
D011725:Pyridines; D003609:Dactinomycin; D000431:Ethanol; D009249:NADP; D009020:Morphine; D014364:Tryptophan; D003513:Cycloheximide; D009540:Nicotinyl Alcohol; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D010634:Phenobarbital