title: Interactions of parenteral solutions with sulphur-treated glass bottles.
abstract: Concern about limited surface durability has been the main reasons for recommendations by advisory committees and government health authorities, not to reu-use sulphur-treated soda-lime glass (type II) bottles for intravenous solutions. In order to contribute specific data, the interactions of slightly acid and neutral parenteral solutions with ammonium sulphate-treated type II glass bottles have been investigated. It was established that the amounts of silica, sodium and calcium released into the solution are not greater than the potential background contamination from the raw materials. The number of particles in the solution was well below the limits set by the British Pharmacopoieia and not much higher than the lowest background count practically achievable. On an average, bottle surfaces released less material after the first time of use. Bottle-to-bottle variations revealed by scanning electron microscopy point at problems in achieving smooth, evenly surface-treated bottle surfaces during bottle manufacture.
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations; D004349:Drug Packaging; D004356:Drug Storage; D005898:Glass; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D012996:Solutions; D013242:Sterilization; D013455:Sulfur; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D012996:Solutions; D013455:Sulfur