Severe arterial hypertension caused by chronical abuse of a topical mineralocorticoid.
A 24-year-old woman was referred to our clinic because of severe hypocalemic hypertension and latent myocardial insufficiency. Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were lowered. Plasma cortisol concentrations and the urinary excretion of vanillin mandelic acid were found within normal range. Some efforts to identify a specific adrenal enzymatic defect were unsuccessful. By combined therapy with spironolactone, methyldopa and clonidine, the blood pressure was significantly lowered, but not normalized. Triamterene had also an expressed hypotensive effect and induced orthostatic phenomena. After six months of hypotensive drug therapy, the patient's mother reported that her daughter consumed for more than seven years high doses of special nasal drops containing, beside ephedrine and naphazoline, the potent mineralocorticoid 9-alpha-fluoroprednisolone. A strong drug-dependence to the naphazoline component could be evaluated. The application of the mineralocorticoid was stopped, and only a slight low-sodium diet had to be added to restore the long-standing elevated blood pressure to normal
D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D003000:Clonidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005477:Fluprednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007536:Isomerism; D008750:Methyldopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009278:Naphazoline / Q000009:adverse effects; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D013997:Time Factors; D014223:Triamterene / Q000627:therapeutic use
D004338:Drug Combinations; D014663:Nasal Decongestants; D013148:Spironolactone; D000450:Aldosterone; D008750:Methyldopa; D005477:Fluprednisolone; D012083:Renin; D009278:Naphazoline; D003000:Clonidine; D011188:Potassium; D014223:Triamterene