Cell-mediated immunity to gliadin within the small-intestinal mucosa in coeliac disease.
In an attempt to demonstrate local cell-mediated immunity (C.M.I.) to gliadin in patients with coeliac disease, fragments of jejunal-biopsy specimens were cultured in the presence and absence of alpha-gliadin and the culture-medium was assayed for its capacity to inhibit migration of normal human peripheral-blood leucocytes (i.e., for a migration-inhibition factor [M.I.F.]). No M.I.F. activity was detected in the culture-medium when biopsy specimens from patients with coeliac disease or controls were cultured without added antigen. However, an M.I.F. was secreted into the culture-medium when biopsy specimens from patients with coeliac disease were cultured with alpha-gliadin. These findings suggest that there is a population of lymphocytes which are sensitised to gliadin in the intestinal mucosa of patients with untreated coeliac disease. They support the theory that a local C.M.I. reaction to gliadin may be the cause of villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia in coeliac disease.
D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D002464:Cell Migration Inhibition; D002648:Child; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
D003470:Culture Media; D010940:Plant Proteins; D005903:Gliadin