title: Male hypospadias, 625 cases, associated malformations and possible etiological factors.
abstract: Records from 625 patients with hypospadias have been reviewed, with reference to associated malformations. Cryptorchidism was found to be the most common associated malformation and was present in 6% of cases with hypospadias. The highest incidence of cryptorchidism was found in the more severe forms of hypospadias. Other concomitant genital malformations, such as bifid scrotum, hypoplasia of penis and remnants of the Müllerian system showed the same pattern. The recorded incidence of bifid scrotum and hypoplasia of the penis was 4% and 8% respectively. A high incidence of abnormalities in the lower urinary tract was found; 50% of 84 patients investigated. The hypothesis of hypospadias being a result of testicular hormone insufficiency is discussed.
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012611:Scrotum / Q000002:abnormalities