title: Cell co-operation and hapten--carrier complexes.
abstract: The co-operation of spleen cells of carrier- and hapten--carrier-primed mice in antibody formation against the hapten part of complexes was studied in 550 rad whole body irradiated mice. Hapten--carrier complexes were prepared with the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group (DNP) as a hapten and heterologous bovine serum albumin (BSA) and isologous mouse immunoglobulin (MIg) as carriers. Priming of donor mice with carrier alone did not prepare for a secondary (IgG) response in the recipients of hapten--carrier. Priming of donors and challenge of recipients with the same hapten--carrier complex resulted in high IgG responses. Whereas donor and recipient immunization with complexes differing in the carrier did not give a secondary response, addition of cells of donors immunized with the carrier of the complex used for challenge, resulted in a secondary response. This was only possible when at least one of the complexes had an intermediate hapten:carrier ratio. Only an IgM or a low IgG response was obtained if both complexes had a high hapten:carrier ratio. Three determinants, namely hapten and carrier groups and new antigenic determinant (NAD), are suggested for antibody formation against hapten--protein complexes. In vivo treatment of donor cells with anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) or anti-plasma cell serum (APCS) and complement (C) suggested that: (1) T-cell epitopes are present on the carrier; (2) DNP groups are B-cell epitopes; (3) NAD and possibly DNP are T-cell epitopes; (4) synergism exists in the collaborative antibody response of B cells recongnizing DNP, T cell recognizing carrier and T cells recognizing NAD. Mitomycin treatment of donor cells was used to test whether cell division was mandatory. While the B cells were sensitive to mitomycin treatment, no effect of this drug was found on the helper activity of T cells.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D006241:Haptens; D006462:Hemolytic Plaque Technique; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000276:immunology; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D006241:Haptens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008937:Mitomycins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D003165:Complement System Proteins