Acute anaphylaxis associated with serum complement depletion.
A 45-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis developed anaphylaxis 6 min after receiving a subcutaneous injection of lidocaine, followed by an intra-articular injection of lidocaine mixed with methprednisolone acetate. One hour after the onset of anaphylaxis, serum complement component levels were markedly depressed and remained so far 18 hr. Circulating immune complexes and antibodies to lidocaine could not be demonstrated. Neither lidocaine nor methylprednisolone acetate activated the patient's complement system in vitro. Subsequently, total hemolytic activity (CH50) levels were variable, complement component protein concentrations of C1q, C1s, C4, C2, C3, C5, C6, C9, and Factor B were normal, but hemolytic activity of C4 and C2 was diminished. Serum C1 inhibitor concentrations were normal or slightly depressed. The patient has never had any symptoms suggestive of angiodema. It is postulated that the endogenous complement abnormality present in this patient may have contributed to the anaphylactic reaction.
D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006461:Hemolysis; D006636:Histamine Release; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008251:Macaca; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D013189:SRS-A / Q000032:analysis; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D013189:SRS-A; D014168:Transferrin; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D008012:Lidocaine; D008775:Methylprednisolone; D004837:Epinephrine