Diversity of the antibody response to the different antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin subunits of influenza viruses.
Sera from rabbits hyperimmunized with hemagglutinin (HA) subunits isolated from the A/Port Chalmers/73 (H3N2)strain of influenza virus showed great differences in their cross-reactions with different strains of influenza virus. In hemagglutination-inhibition tests, some sera reacted to about the same titer with A/Port Chalmers/73 and A/Hong Kong/68 viruses, suggesting that these two strains were very closely related. Other sera, which reacted to high titer with A/Port Chalmers/73 virus, had only a low titer with the Hong Kong/68 strain, suggesting that the two viruses were distantly related. Evidence suggested that these diverse cross-reactions were due to widely different ratios, in the different sera, of antibodies to the "common" and the "specific" antigenic determinants on the HA subunits. Thus, some rabbits gave a stronger response to the "common" determinants than to the "specific", whereas in others, the reverse seemed to be the case. Sera from human volunteers injected with A/Port Chalmers/73 inactivated or subunit influenza virus vaccines, or from people infected with Port Chalmers/73 virus, contained, in most cases, antibodies predominantly to the "common" antigenic determinants on the HA subunits. These sera reacted to higher titer with Hong Kong/68 virus than with the Port Chalmers/73 strain. Absorption of these sera with Hong Kong/68 virus totally removed all detectable antibody, suggesting that they contained no antibody to the "specific" determinants of Port Chalmers/73 HA. Paradoxically, absorption of the sera with Port Chalmers virus did not remove all antibodies, suggesting that the sera contained antibodies to the "specific" determinants on Hong Kong/68 HA.
D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D003429:Cross Reactions; D000939:Epitopes; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits
D000939:Epitopes; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral