title: Evaluation of blood culture procedures in a pediatric hospital.
abstract: To determine optimal clinical laboratory techniques for detecting pediatric bacteremia, we studied 7,768 consecutive blood cultures in a 1-year period. Blood was inoculated into one vented 50-ml bottle of brucella broth with 0.05% sodium polyanetholsulfonate and one unvented 50-ml bottle of Columbia broth with 0.05% sodium polyanetholsulfonate and 0.05% cysteine. Bottles were visually examined for growth on days 1 through 7 and blindly subcultured aerobically and anaerobically on days 1, 2, and 7. There were 724 (9.3%) positive cultures, and 484 (6.2%) were clinically significant. The most frequent isolates from bacteremic patients were Haemophilus influenzae (24%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (17%). Growth was noted in only one bottle in 25% of clinically significant isolates. Bottles inoculated with greater than or equal to 1 ml of blood became positive earlier than bottles inoculated with less than 1 ml. After 1 day of incubation, 48% of the clinically significant cultures showed growth on visual examination, whereas 85% showed growth on subculture. Only 19% of Haemophilus isolates were detected visually on day 1, whereas 88% were recovered on subculture. By day 7, 3.5% of all isolates (including 18% of pneumococcal isolates and 1% of Haemophilus isolates) could no longer be recovered on subculture. We conclude that a two-bottle blood culture system and blind subculture within 24 h will optimize detection of pediatric bacteremia.
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003470:Culture Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018805:Sepsis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media