Eosinophil chemotactic factor. Release from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by arachidonic acid.
An eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) can be released from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils by arachidonic acid (AA), its methyl ester, but not by other derivatives such as AA ethyl ester and arachidonyl acetate. The ECF is highly specific for eosinophils and does not attract polymorphonuclear neutrophils. A dose-dependent non-cytotoxic ECF release induced by AA can be obtained from human polymorphonuclear neutrophils from a lymphocyte-monocyte-basophil suspension, from rat basophil leukemia cells, but not from human lymphocytes. Kinetic studies demonstrate that ECF release occurs rapidly with an early rise and steep fall-off at later times of secretion. The amount of ECF release is dependent on pH, temperature and medium which is used for stimulation. Gel filtration analysis as well as subcellular fractionation studies suggest that the AA-induced ECF is a biological activity either distinct from AA and its split products or representing a known or unknown conversion product of AA with potent effects on eosinophils at minimal concentrations. AA may therefore represent an important mechanism of cell activation.
D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002021:Buffers; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D051381:Rats; D013696:Temperature
D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002021:Buffers; D007476:Ionophores