title: Cytosolic phosphorylation potential.
abstract: The tissue contents of the reactants of the myokinase (EC 2.7.4.3) and the combined glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.29)-3-phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2.7.2.3) reactions were measured in rapidly inactivated samples of human blood and rat brain, muscle, and liver. The tissue contents of the reactants of the creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) reaction were measured in rat brain and muscle. In vitro the value of the expression: KG+G = [sigma3PG] . [sigmaATP] . [sigmalactate] KLDH = [sigmaHAP]/22] . [sigmaADP][sigmaPi] . [sigmaRUVATE] (1) was found to be 0.725 x 10(7) M-1 at I = 0.25, T = 38 degrees C, and free [Mg2+] = 0.15 mM and the value measured in vivo in red cell was 0.699 x 10(7) M-1. The value of the expression KMYK = ([sigma ATP] [sigma AMP]/[ADP2]) measured under the above conditions and at pH 7.2 was found to be 0.744 while the value found in red cell was 0.784 +/- 0.037. These reactions, therefore, appear to be in a state of near-equilibrium in the red cell and the measured tissue contents of ATP and ADP, which are common reactants in both reactions, approximate closely the activity of these reactants in vivo. In brain and muscle, the value of KG + G/KLDH calculated from the measured tissue contents of the reactants was a factor of 20 or more lower than that expected at equilibrium as was the measured value of the expression: KCK = [sigma ATP] [sigma creatine] divided by [sigma ADP] [sigma creatine-P] [H+] (2) Substitution of calculated free [sigma ADP] values in the expression of KG + G/KLDH gave values of 0.83  +/- 0.19 x 10(7) M-1 for brain and muscle, respectively, which agreed well with the value of 1.65 x 10(7) M-1 measured in vitro at I = 0.25, free [Mg2+] = 1 mM, T = 38 degrees C. This agreement between two highly active enzyme systems in the same compartment is taken as evidence of the existence of near-equilibrium in both these systems and suggests that free cytosolic [sigma ADP] is probably 20-fold lower than measured cell ADP content in mitochondrial-containing tissues.
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology; D009243:NAD; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D009243:NAD; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D000263:Adenylate Kinase