Adrenergic modulation of pancreatic A, B, and D cells alpha-Adrenergic suppression and beta-adrenergic stimulation of somatostatin secretion, alpha-adrenergic stimulation of glucagon secretion in the perfused dog pancreas.
The effects of adrenergic substances on pancreatic insular secretions were studied in a completely isolated canine pancreas with exclusion of the duodenum from the perfusion circuit. To ensure adequate blockade, blockers were infused before agonists. A dose range of beta-receptor blockade was tested, and putative alpha-adrenergic effects were confirmed by combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade.beta-Adrenergic agonism (2 ng/ml isoproterenol) induced a mean integrated increase of 79+/-20% in somatostatin secretion, whereas glucagon and insulin secretion were increased by 185+/-45 and 495+/-146%, respectively. The stimulations of D, A, and B cells were abolished by propranolol.alpha-Adrenergic agonism (10 ng/ml epinephrine) after beta-adrenergic blockade) moderately decreased somatostatin (-37+/-7%) secretion, moderately increased glucagon (91+/-19%), and markedly decreased insulin (-85+/-3%) release. Similar effects on D-, A-, and B-cell secretion were induced with 2 ng/ml epinephrine or 10 ng/ml norepinephrine after beta-adrenergic blockade. The alpha-adrenergic effects on the D and A cell were abolished by either phentolamine or by phenoxybenzamine. This study showed that there are indeed alpha-adrenergic receptors on A cells and that the secretion of glucagon, a "stress" hormone, was stimulated either by alpha- or beta-adrenergic receptor agonism. D-cell secretion, like that of the B cell, was inhibited by alpha-adrenergic agonism and was stimulated by beta-adrenergic agonism. However, beta-adrenergic-induced changes in D-cell secretion were smaller in magnitude than those of B-cell secretion.
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000502:physiology*; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000502:physiology*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism*
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D007328:Insulin; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D013004:Somatostatin; D005934:Glucagon