title: Influence of aminooxyacetate administration on ammonia-induced metabolic disturbances in the rat liver.
abstract: The purpose of the present report was to investigate the effects of aminooxyacetate administration to rats on the ammonia-induced disturbances in the substrate levels and in the activities of the enzymes involved in glutamine metabolism. 1.--Aminooxyacetate enhances the accumulation of ammonia following an ammonia load and prevents the other substrate level changes induced by ammonia. Thus, this transaminase inhibitor suppresses ammonia detoxication by formation of aminoacids as well as by urea synthesis. 2.--A significant decrease of glutamine synthetase activity is observed only after administration of both aminooxyacetate and ammonium chloride. 3.--Like in rats injected with ammonium chloride alone, an ammonia-induced activation of liver glutaminase I is found in inhibitor-pretreated rats. This result confirms the specific enhancement of glutaminase I activity by ammonia in excess.
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000409:Alanine / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000600:Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic / Q000378:metabolism*; D000625:Aminooxyacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005972:Glutaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000600:Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D005973:Glutamine; D000625:Aminooxyacetic Acid; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005972:Glutaminase; D000409:Alanine