SV40 tumor rejection induced by vesicular stomatitis virus bearing SV40 tumor-specific transplantation antigen (SV40-TSTA). I. Specificity of immunoprotection and effect of enzyme treatment on TSTA activity.
Highly purified vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was obtained from VSV-infected SV40-transformed hamster cell lines. Immunization with this virus protected hamsters against challenge with SV40-transformed cells (TSV5-cl2). This protection was obtained regardless of the source of the SV40-transformed cells (e.g. cat, rat, hamster) used to produce VSV, and was therefore associated with the SV40 tumor-specific transplantation antigen (SV40-TSTA). Furthermore, when grown on spontaneously transformed cell lines or on cells transformed by a different oncogenic DNA virus, such as polyoma virus, the VSV failed to protect against the SV40-induced tumor. It was concluded that the SV40-TSTA activity of purified VSV is due to the incorporation of SV40-TSTA within the viral envelope. When VSV was treated with proteolytic enzymes (bromelain, trypsin) no loss of TSTA-induced tumor rejection was observed, although VSV had lost its ability to induce virus-neutralizing antibody. This clearly demonstrates that the TSTA activity is not related to the viral spikes. Phospholipase C suppressed the TSTA activity but neutralizing activity was still detectable in the anti-VSV sera. The results presented here demonstrate that the protection afforded by VSV is highly specific. It is particularly interesting that SV40-TSTA activity may be conveyed by the lipid core of the viral envelope.
D000818:Animals; D001963:Bromelains / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D000939:Epitopes; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens; D007114:Immunization; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000494:pharmacology; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000276:immunology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000276:immunology*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens; D001963:Bromelains; D010740:Phospholipases; D014357:Trypsin