title: A rapid (4--6-hour) urine-culture system for direct identification and direct antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
abstract: This study evaluates a new direct rapid system for urine cultures, including detection and quantitation of positive specimens by Gram stain, direct identification by 4--6-hour incubation of sediment with reagent strips, and antibiotic susceptibility testing by direct (3--4-hour) disk-elution methods. Of 987 routine urine specimens, 121 had significant (less than or equal to 10(5) colony-forming units/ml) gram-negative bacilluria, of which 89% were detected by the Gram stain. Direct rapid identification was correct in 94%. Results of direct disk-elution antimicrobial tests showed overall agreement with results of standard disk diffusion of 93% of tests, and major discrepancies in 4%. For urine specimens with gram-negative bacilluria, this system permitted detection, quantitation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in four to six hours with reasonable, though not complete, accuracy.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000382:microbiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D005779:Immunodiffusion / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents