title: Incorporation of 35S-sulfate into yolk platelets of Xenopus laevis embryos. A study using electron microscope autoradiography.
abstract: Inorganic 35S-sulfate was injected into Xenopus laevis embryos before first cleavage to study incorporation of the label into the yolk platelets in order to localize glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Electron microscope autoradiography of embryonic thin sections from blastulae and gastrulae revealed that the primary site of label incorporation is at the edge of the yolk platelets, and, to a lesser extent, in their interiors. Autoradiography of isolated yolk platelets, lacking unit membranes, indicated the absence of label. Thus, edge associated label comes from the yolk platelets membrane, and interior label is solubilized in the glycerol-water gradient during yolk platelets isolation. Ruthenium red staining of yolk platelet in situ shows haavy deposits of the dye on the yolk platelet membrane surface facing the cytoplasmic surface. The crystalline main body of isolated yolk platelets does not take up the dye. It appears that continuous synthesis or sulfation of glycosaminoglycan occurs primarily at the outer surface yolk platelet membranes during early development, providing a novel site for this process.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D009940:Organoids / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D013431:Sulfates; D012430:Ruthenium Red