title: Delayed cold urticaria.
abstract: Five patients with delayed cold urticaria are described. The urticarial skin response was present between 24 and 72 hours after ice challenge. In two of the patients the cold sensitivity was of clinical relevance. Some of the patients displayed low alpha1-antitrypsin and increased C4 levels in their serum. Our findings may justify the introduction of cold provocation as a routine procedure in the investigation of a patient with chronic urticaria.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000032:analysis; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014581:Urticaria / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D003176:Complement C3; D003181:Complement C4; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin