Drug addiction in pregnancy.
32 pregnancies in 29 drug-addicted women were studied ouver eight years in one obstetric department working in close liaison with a drug dependency centre. Of the 24 pregnancies which came to term, only 10 were seen at the antenatal clinic before 22 weeks' gestation. 19 of the women were addicted to heroin or methadone or a mixture of both, 4 were taking soft drugs, and 1 was taking pethidine only. Labour commenced spontaneously in 17 pregnancies and was induced in 7. All labours lasted less than twenty hours. 23 infants survived. Those born to the mother taking pethidine and to 4 mothers who withdrew their drug of dependence four weeks before delivery showed no signs of narcotic withdrawal, but 13 out of 14 infants born to mothers taking heroin or methadone developed narcotic withdrawal syndrome. It is recommended that drug therapy during pregnancy in addicts should be supervised by a psychiatrist known to the patient and that oral methadone be substituted for heroin. Planned induction will ensure delivery in hospital, at the hospital which has supervised the pregnancy. Babies in danger of developing narcotic withdrawal syndrome should be observed in the special care baby unit for the first week of life.
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D003932:Heroin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D008131:London; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors
D003932:Heroin; D008691:Methadone