Ingested mutagens from opium and tobacco pyrolysis products and cancer of the oesophagus.
Substances which are commonly sucked or chewed in two areas where the incidence of oesophageal cancer is high, the Transkei and north-east Iran, were tested in bacterial mutagenicity assays. Pyrolysed substances, opium dross in north-east Iran and tobacco pipe residues in the Transkei, displayed mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100 in the presence of rat liver microsomes.
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver; D009153:Mutagens / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D009892:Opium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010947:Plants, Toxic; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012907:Smoking / Q000150:complications*; D013019:South Africa; D014026:Nicotiana
D009153:Mutagens; D009892:Opium