title: Virus-like particles and macromolecules in human milk and breast tumors.
abstract: Relevant data pertaining to present evidence for virus-like particles and virus-related macromolecules in human milk and breast tumors are presented. A critical review and discussion of reported observations concerning virus-related macromolecules will include RNA-directed DNA polymerase, viral antigens, and RNA related to murine mammary tumor virus and/or Mason-Pfizer monkey virus. From the standpoint of clinical applications, the finding of viral-related antigens in human breast tumors and evidence for specific host immune responses to one or more of these antigens may be especially pertinent. The latter data, therefore, will be discussed in depth as to possible employment of these parameters in diagnosis, prognosis and possible management of the human disease.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000382:microbiology; D008324:Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000032:analysis; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D014764:Viral Proteins; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase