[In vivo and in vitro methods of studying platelet adhesion to the components of the vascular wall].
Platelet adhesion to the subendothelium of the vessel wall and to its collagen component plays a key role in hemostasis, thrombosis, and the development of atherosclerosis. In order to study the mechanisms of platelet adhesion and eventually to inhibit adhesion, it has been necessary to develop methods that measure platelet adhesion quantitatively in vivo and in vitro. In this article, the methods that are used to measure platelet adhesion are reviewed critically with emphasis on their aims, advantages, and disadvantages. The methods that are used to measure platelet adhesion can be divided in five groups: (1) methods that use an aggregometer to measure platelet adhesion to collagen in the presence of EDTA; (2) methods that use binding of radiolabeled collagen, affinity chromatography, or gel filtration; (3) the morphometric method of Baumgartner that measures platelet interaction with the subendothelium of an aorta exposed to flow in an annular perfusion chamber; (4) the quantitative isotopic measurement of platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces and to subendothelium with the rotating probe device of Cazenave; and (5) in vivo platelet adhesion to the subendothelium measured by the morphometric method or with platelets radiolabeled with 51Cr or 111In. With these methods is has been possible to study the factors (Ca2+; VIII: von Willebrand factor; hemodynamic factors: red cells, shear rate; components of the vessel wall) governing platelet adhesion to subendothelium and to collagen. It has also been possible to screen and study drugs inhibiting platelet adhesion, which is the first step in the formation of a thrombus at the site of vascular injury.
D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000502:physiology*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002450:Cell Communication; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D011817:Rabbits
D002860:Chromium Radioisotopes; D003094:Collagen; D004492:Edetic Acid
Méthodes d'étude in vivo et in vitro de l'adhésion des plaquettes avec les composants de la paroi vasculaire.