Treatment of Pseudomonas endophthalmitis associated with prosthetic intraocular lens implantation.
Eight patients were treated for Pseudomonas endophthalmitis associated with the implantation of contaminated intraocular lenses. All patients showed clinical signs of infection (loss of red reflex, diminished visual acuity, and intraocular lens coagulum) and P. aeruginosa was isolated from vitreous aspirates and unused lenses of the same lot. Antibiotic treatment was initiated with systemic penicillin G, cephalothin, and chloramphenicol as well as subtenon-injected gentamicin. After identification of the organism, treatment was continued with systemic carbenicillin and gentamicin and subtenon-injected gentamicin. The intraocular lens was left in place for the first 48 hours of treatment in all eight patients. Five patients were successfully treated without removal of the intraocular lens and attained visual acuity of 6/6 (20/20) to 6/15 (20/50). Three patients (the two most seriously infected and one in whom antibiotics were discontinued) eventually lost their infected eye. Vitreous concentrations of gentamicin were good in one patient (1.7 micrograms/ml) and undetectable in another. Carbenicillin concentrations in vitreous (96 and 140 micrograms/ml) were high in two patients sampled. Endophthalmitis in the presence of a prosthetic intraocular lens can be successfully treated in some patients without removal of the prosthesis.
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002228:Carbenicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D002228:Carbenicillin; D010400:Penicillin G; D002512:Cephalothin