title: Tissue-mediated mutagenicity of vinylidene chloride in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535.
abstract: Vinylidene chloride is weakly positive in the Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 test, mediated by kidney and liver post-mitochondrial supernatant (S-9 mix) from normal mice, but strongly positive with the S-9 mix from the induced animals. In the case of mediation by rat tissue, only liver S-9 mix from induced animals affords a significant positive response. These findings agree with the greater availability in treated mice than in rats of reactive vinylidene chloride metabolites, 1,1-dichloroethylene oxide and chloroacetyl chloride [5], and with the vinylidene carcinogeneicity found in mice but not in rats [9]. Exploratory tissue-mediated testing of vinylidene chloride involving liver S-9 mix from marmosets and man suggests a trend in the generation of alkylating metabolites and their reactions with bacterial DNA for these primates which resembles rats more than mice.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001140:Aroclors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001711:Biotransformation; D002143:Callitrichinae; D004000:Dichloroethylenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009153:Mutagens; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D001140:Aroclors; D004000:Dichloroethylenes; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009153:Mutagens