title: The femur in early human evolution.
abstract: Uni- and multivariate analyses of 5 fossil and 215 extant hominoid femora show that two morphological patterns of hominid femora existed about two million years ago. Femora classified as Homo sp. indet. (KNMER 1472 and 1481) are more like Homo sapiens although not identical. Those classified as Australopithecus robustus (SK 82 and 97) and A. boisei (KNM-ER 1503) are similar to one another but uniquely different from any living hominoid. The strong mophological constrasts imply biomechanical and possible locomotor differences, although these are as yet unknown.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001699:Biometry; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005580:Fossils; D006071:Gorilla gorilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000882:Haplorhini / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D049690:History, Ancient; D015186:Hominidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D010163:Paleontology; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013045:Species Specificity