title: Azo dyes prevent hydrocarbon-induced leukemia in the rat.
abstract: A set of intraveous injections of 7,8,12-trimethylbenz[a]anthracene consistently elicited leukemia in more than 75% of young adult Long-Evans female rats. There was a profound reduction in the incidence of leukemia in companion groups of rats fed small amounts (1--10 mg) of Sudan III or Sudan IV prior to each injection of the carcinogenic hydrocarbon. Repeated feedings of 1 mg of Sudan III induced cumulative increases in the concentration of menadione reductase (EC 1.6.99.2) in liver, whereas protein concentration was unchanged. A single feeding of 1 mg of Sudan III prevented fatal toxicity in all members of large groups of rats injected with massive doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, but 50% of the survivors developed leukemia; unprotected rats succumbed in 1--3 days. Sudan III was not carcinogenic under the experimental conditions.
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000139:chemically induced; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D011808:Quinone Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes; D004396:Coloring Agents; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D011808:Quinone Reductases