title: [Biological control of vectors of human and tropical diseases. Present means and prospects (author's transl)].
abstract: Biological control is "direct or indirect use of natural enemies of the injurious species to increase its mortality" (W.H.O., 1963). The more and more frequent apparition of resistant insects populations, the fears as regards the environment, the increase cost of hydrocarbur products and also some technic and operational difficulties to stop transmission by the use of only insecticide pulvérisation, impose this process. Nevertheless, practic use of natural enemies of vectors is yet unusual in spite of important research. (Identification problems, dynamic of species, insufficiency of ethology knowledge particulary of the host specificity, difficulties of application on the vectors which are the most usually widely scattered). For control of insects of medical importance (mosquitoes, black flies, tse-tse flies) it has been used either pathogen agents such as virus bacteria, microsporida or parasit agents such as fungi, mermithid nematods or at last, predators, essentially larvivorus fish. Actually, no biological agent is able to take the place of chemical and physical "traditional" means. In case of mosquito control which is more advanced, the only biological mean which is operational is the use of larvivorus fish and specially Gambusia.
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D016782:Apicomplexa; D001179:Arthropod Vectors; D001407:Bacillus; D001517:Coleoptera; D003530:Cyprinidae; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes; D004463:Ecology; D005399:Fishes; D005658:Fungi; D007300:Insect Control; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007304:Insect Viruses; D007814:Larva; D008632:Mermithoidea; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
vernacular_title: Lutte biologique contre les vecteurs d'affections humaines et tropicales. Moyens actuels et perspectives.