title: Massive theophylline overdose. Rapid elimination by charcoal hemoperfusion.
abstract: Shock, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, and respiratory and cardiac arrests developed in a patient who ingested 8.5 g of theophylline. Her condition improved and her serum theophylline concentration decreased from 170 to 20 mg/ml during six hours of charcoal hemoperfusion. Theophylline was removed from the serum by the uncoated charcoal column, as shown by an extraction efficiency approaching 100%. The maximum charcoal clearance of theophylline was 163 ml/kg/hr. The average endogenous theophylline clearance in adults is 50 ml/kg/hr and that achieved with hemodialysis is only 24.3 ml/kg/hr. Uncoated charcoal efficiently removes theophylline from the serum; charcoal hemoperfusion should be considered in severe theophylline toxic reactions.
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006464:Hemoperfusion; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced; D008875:Middle Aged; D013806:Theophylline / Q000097:blood / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal; D013806:Theophylline