title: Chloride dependence of active sodium transport in frog skin: the role of intercellular spaces.
abstract: 1. In agreement with previous observations the replacement of Cl by a nonpenetrating anion in the solution bathing either the outside or both sides of the frog skin causes a fall in the short-circuit current. 2. When Cl is replaced by a non-penetrating anion in the solution bathing the outside of the frog skin the Isc is still a correct measure of the net Na transport. 3. Under the same conditions both active and shunt paths seem to be affected since there is a decrease in Isc, Na influx, amiloride-dependent conductance, and initial Na uptake across the external barrier, together with a decrease in Cl-backfluxes and amiloride-independent conductance. There is also a decrease in water permeability and a reduction in size of the intercellular spaces. 4. The removal of Cl does not appear to affect the entry step of Na but may have an effect on the shunt path. This in turn may change the active Na transport.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002023:Bufo bufo; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D011896:Rana temporaria; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D014867:Water; D012964:Sodium