title: Potent inhibition of dynein adenosinetriphosphatase and of the motility of cilia and sperm flagella by vanadate.
abstract: The motility of demembranated sea urchin sperm flagella and that of embryo cilia reactivated with 0.1 mM ATP are completely inhibited by 4 micron and 0.5 micron vanadium(V) [V(V), in vanadate], respectively. The Mg2+-activated ATPase activity (ATP phosphohydrolase, EC 3.6.1.3)of the latent form of dynein 1 is inhibited 50% by 0.5-1 micron V(V), while the Ca2+-activated ATPase activity is much less sensitive. The inhibition of flagellar beat frequency and of dynein 1 ATPase activity by V(V) appears not to be competitive with ATP. In agreement with other reports, the inhibition of (Na,K)-ATPase by V(V) shows a slow onset in the presence of ATP and is relatively rapid in its absence. With dynein, however, the inhibition occurs at a rapid rate whether or not ATP is present. Catechol at a concentration of 1 mM reverses the V(V) inhibition of reactivated sperm motility, dynein ATPase, and (Na, K)-ATPase. Myosin and actomyosin ATPases show no inhibition by concentrations of V(V) up to 500 micron. The inhibition by V(V) provides a possible technique for distinguishing between the actions of dynein and myosin in different forms of cell motility.
mesh_terms: D000205:Actomyosin / Q000378:metabolism; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects; D004398:Dyneins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005407:Flagella / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D012617:Sea Urchins; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D014639:Vanadium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D014639:Vanadium; D000205:Actomyosin; D012964:Sodium; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D009218:Myosins; D004398:Dyneins; D011188:Potassium