A cytogenetic survey of an institution for the mentally retarded: I. Chromosome abnormalities.
A cytogenetic survey of 475 patients in an institution for the mentally retarded is reported. The chromosomes of all patients were studied using both a non-banding and a G-banding technique in order to estimate the relative efficiency of the two technique in detecting structural rearrangements of the chromosomes. A total of 57 patients was found to have a chromosome abnormality, including five with a balanced structural rearrangement. The contribution of chromosome aberrations to the etiology of mental retardation is discussed with special emphasis on the contribution of balanced structural rearrangements.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002902:Chromosomes, Human, 16-18; D002904:Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y; D003582:Cytogenetics; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D010375:Pedigree; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations / Q000235:genetics; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014314:Trisomy