title: Anti-donor immune responses in prediction of transplant rejection.
abstract: We assessed various immune responses against donor tissue to determine their value in the diagnosis and prediction of clinical rejection episodes. Twenty-six consecutive clinical renal-transplant recipients were examined. Cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity preceded and accompanied 41 of 45 rejection episodes (P less than 0.001). Complement-dependent antibody was present in 12 of 15 rejections (P less than 0.002)--four not accompanied by, and eight in association with, cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity. Mixed lymphocyte reactivity or nonreactivity and inhibition by autologous serum occurred equally often in rejection and quiescence. Lymphocyte-dependent antibody occurred during both rejection episodes and quiescent phases, with a greater frequency during quiescence (P = 0.05). Cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity was the best predictor of rejection (P less than 0.05). Cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity was the best predictor of rejection (P less than 0.001), and was more easily suppressed by standard immunosuppressive therapy, than complement-dependent antibody. If specific cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity, with or without antibody, recurred after rejection therapy, the graft underwent further rejection.
mesh_terms: D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007518:Isoantibodies; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D007518:Isoantibodies; D003165:Complement System Proteins