Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin in therapy of chloramphenicol-resistant and chloramphenicol-sensitive typhoid fever.
The efficacy of orally administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was compared with that of oral amoxicillin in therapy of typhoid fever due to both epidemic chloramphenicol-resistant and endemic chloramphenicol-sensitive Salmonella typhi. Both drug regimens were effective and of comparable value in treatment of chloramphenicol-resistant infections, as measured by duration of fever (124 hr and 115 hr, respectively) and duration of bacteremia (1.0 and 0.4 days, respectively). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy of infections due to chloramphenicol-sensitive S. typhi resulted in more rapid lysis of fever than did amoxicillin therapy. Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole were not synergistic in vitro against the chloramphenicol-resistant strain of S. typhi, and the role of sulfamethoxazole in treatment of such infections appears to be minimal. Oral administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is effective therapy of chloramphenicol-resistant, and probably of ampicillin-amoxicillin-resistant, typhoid fever.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002648:Child; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*
D004338:Drug Combinations; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D000667:Ampicillin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole