Stimulation of synthesis of free chondroitin sulfate chains by beta-D-xylosides in cultured cells.
Beta-Xylosides stimulate  2- to 6-fold the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans by three types of nonconnective tissue cells (RG-C6, NB41A, and rat hepatoma cells, and normal and simian virus 40 (SV40)-transformed normal human skin fibroblasts. The effect, which is specific for the anomeric linkage and the glycone, is observed in the presence and absence of puromycin. Beta-Xylosides may substitute for xylosylated core protein as initiators of synthesis of chondroitin sulfate chains. No stimulation of synthesis of heparan sulfate was observed. With the use of a fluorogenic xyloside, 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-xyloside, it was demonstrated that the free chondroitin sulfate chains secreted into the medium bear the xyloside at the reducing end, and have an average molecular weight of 16,500.
D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002807:Chondroitin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000032:analysis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D006923:Hymecromone / Q000494:pharmacology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D051379:Mice; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013539:Simian virus 40; D012867:Skin; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014316:Tritium; D014994:Xylose / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002807:Chondroitin; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D005690:Galactose; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006027:Glycosides; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D006923:Hymecromone; D009596:Nitrophenols; D013462:Sulfur Radioisotopes; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014316:Tritium; D014994:Xylose