title: Lanthanum inhibition of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli enterotoxin-induced enterosorption and its effects on intestinal mucosa cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels.
abstract: Several trivalent cations, including lanthanum (La3+), inhibited the secretion (enterosorption) induced by the enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli in the rabbit ileum in vivo. High concentrations (greater than 10 mM) of La3+ were required to inhibit cholera enterotoxin (CE)-induced enterosorption, probably because of the adsorption of the La3+ often potentiated the CE-induced enterosorption. If luminal La3+ exposure followed CE exposure, some recovery of the enterosorptive response was observed. The longer the lag between the CE exposure and the La3+ exposure, the greater was the recovery of the enterosorptive response. Lanthanum inhibited HCO3- secretion more than Cl- secretion. By altering the luminal fluid pH at the time of La3+ exposure, it was found that La3+ was adsorbed to negatively charged luminal sites, having an apparent pK between 2.5 and 3.0. Although La3+ antagonized the enterosorptive response to CE, it mimicked rather than antagonized the cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate elevation and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate depression induced by the toxin. It is therefore concluded that the La3+ inhibition of the CE-induced enterosorption must have occurred at a site following the generation of the cyclic nucleotides. Cholera enterotoxin caused complex time-dependent changes in the mucosal cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate levels, as revealed by studying tissue cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate ratios. The possible roles these two cyclic nucleotides may play in the pathogenesis of the cholera diarrhea are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000032:analysis*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000032:analysis*; D004768:Enterotoxins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000032:analysis*; D007419:Intestinal Secretions / Q000032:analysis; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D007811:Lanthanum; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP