title: Occurrence of BK virus and BK virus-specific antibodies in the urine of patients receiving chemotherapy for malignancy.
abstract: Urine specimens from 23 children and 9 adults who were undergoing treatment for malignancy as well as urines from 40 normal individuals were concentrated and examined for evidence of papovavirus infection. Papovavirus particles were detected in 6 of 64 urines examined by electron microscopy. Three of the particle-positive urines induced BK virus-specific immunofluorescence after inoculation of WI38 cells, and three isolations of BK virus were made by inoculation of urines from virus-excreting patients into Vero cells. BK virus-specific hemagglutination-inhibiting and immunofluorescence neutralizing antibodies were found in a majority of urines from adult patients, in about a fifth of pediatric patients, and less often in normal urines. Urines of virus-excreting patients generally had antibodies. In indirect fluorescent antibody tests, BK virus-specific antibodies of the immunoglobulin G class were found in five urine specimens from patients; immunoglobulin A antibodies were not detected in any urine. These data suggest that activation of BK virus is related to immunosuppression and not to transplantation itself and that the occurrence of virus-specific antibodies in urine may be indicative of virus multiplication in the urinary tract.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D001739:BK Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007668:Kidney; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011120:Polyomavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000276:immunology; D014556:Urine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014776:Virus Cultivation
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone; D003630:Daunorubicin