title: Penicillinamidohydrolase in Escherichia coli. III. Catabolite repression, diauxie, effect of cAMP and nature of the enzyme induction.
abstract: Synthesis of penicillinamidohydrolase (penicillin acylase, EC 3.5.1.11) in Escherichia coli is subjected to the absolute catabolite repression by glucose and partial repression by acetate. Both types of catabolite repression of synthesis of the enzyme in Escherichia coli are substantially influenced by cyclic  3',5'-adenosinemonophosphate (cAMP). Growth diauxie in a mixed medium containing glucose and phenylacetic acid serving as carbon and energy sources is overcome by cAMP. cAMP does not influence the basal rate of the enzyme synthesis (without the inducer). Derepression of synthesis of penicillinamidohydrolase by cAMP in a medium with glucose and inducer (phenylacetic acid) is associated with utilization of the inducer, due probably to derepression of other enzymes responsible for degradation of phenylacetic acid. Lactate can serve as a "catabolically neutral" source of carbon suitable for the maximum production of penicillinamidohydrolase. The gratuitous induction of the enzyme synthesis in a medium with lactate as the carbon and energy source and with phenylacetic acid is not influenced by cAMP; however, cAMP overcomes completely the absolute catabolite repression of the enzyme synthesis by glucose.
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003470:Culture Media; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D004794:Enzyme Repression; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D005947:Glucose / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D007773:Lactates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010399:Penicillin Amidase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003470:Culture Media; D007773:Lactates; D010648:Phenylacetates; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000581:Amidohydrolases; D010399:Penicillin Amidase; D005947:Glucose