title: Cholera toxin induces pineal enzymes in culture.
abstract: Addition of choleragen to rat pineal organ cultures caused a long-lasting stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity, and this was followed by increases in seroton N-acetyltransferase and cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase activities. These effects of choleragen were not blocked by the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, but the increases in cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphodiesterase and serotonin N-acetyltransferase activities could be prevented by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. The results indicate that cholera toxin can mimic the induction of pineal enzymes that normally follows beta-adrenoceptor activation and suggest that increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a necessary and sufficient signal for such changes in enzyme activity.
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002771:Cholera; D046508:Culture Techniques; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010870:Pineal Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D003513:Cycloheximide; D011433:Propranolol; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases