title: Opiate binding and effect in ileum preparations from normal and morphine pretreated guinea-pigs.
abstract: 1 Dose-response curves for normorphine in the absence and presence of naloxone have been obtained from myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle strip preparations from normal and morphine pretreated guinea-pigs. In addition, the high affinity stereospecific binding of [3H]-etorphine has been measured in homogenates of the same tissue. 2 Higher concentrations of normorphine were required to produce 50% inhibition of the electrically stimulated contractions of strip preparations from morphine pretreated animals. There was also an increase in the slope of linearized dose-response curves in opiate-tolerant preparations. Maximum opiate effect was unchanged, and responses to exogenous acetylcholine were not affected by the pretreatment. 3 There was a slight increase in the apparent equilibrium constant for naloxone after morphine pretreatment. 4 Tolerance to opiate effect was not accompanied by a change in the affinity or number of stereospecific binding sites for [3H]-etorphine. Hill plots of [3H]-etorphine binding in both control and morphine pretreated preparations gave slopes close to unity. 5 Most of these results can be explained by the assumption that in tolerant preparations, a certain fractional opiate receptor occupation threshold must be exceeded before opiate effects become apparent. It is suggested that the tissue adapts toward a threshold equivalent to the mean receptor occupancy attained during the period of opiate drug pretreatment.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004723:Endorphins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000187:drug effects; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D004723:Endorphins; D009294:Narcotics; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine; D000109:Acetylcholine