title: Correlation between polyion effect on cell susceptibility to in vitro infection with murine C-type viruses and polyion effect on some membrane-related functions.
abstract: Polyions were tested for effects on some membrane-related functions. Both polycations investigated reduced the negative surface charge of assay cells and enhanced in vitro infectivity of murine C-type viruses, but had no influence on leukemia-virus-induced XC cell syncytia formation. Three polyanions increased the net outer cell charge, while only one of four inhibited infectivity and two of three impeded syncytia formation. Polyions had a slight, probably toxic, effect on the transmembrane potential, independent of their charge. Cells treated with fluorescent DEAE-dextran showed diffuse staining, which 4 h later had been modified into a granular fluorescence with unstained areas now present. This change correlated with a loss of enhancement of viral infectivity. The only polyanion which inhibited viral infectivity had a strong antihyaluronidase activity, and hyaluronidase and Ca++ both increased viral infectivity. It is suggested, therefore, that polyions may in part work on virus-cell membrane interactions by influencing membrane enzymes and not necessarily by simply changing the net outer cell surface charge.
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003637:DEAE-Dextran / Q000494:pharmacology; D017988:Gammaretrovirus / Q000254:growth & development*; D006583:Hexadimethrine Bromide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007477:Ions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D011121:Polyphloretin Phosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011925:Rauscher Virus / Q000254:growth & development*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000254:growth & development*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D006583:Hexadimethrine Bromide; D011121:Polyphloretin Phosphate; D003637:DEAE-Dextran