Enhancement of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity of herpesvirus-infected cells by complement.
An investigation was made of the effects of complement on the levels of antibody-dependence cytotoxicity (ADCC) mediated by bovine leukocytes against herpesvirus-infected target cells. Neutrophil-mediated ADCC was considerably enhanced upon the addition of low levels of complement that alone failed to induce lysis of antibody-sensitized target cells. This enhancement was most apparent under suboptimum conditions such as at low effector-to-target cell ratios, low levels of sensitizing antiserum, and short-duration assays. Furthermore, cells and classes of immunoglobulin unable to induce ADCC could do so in the presence of complement. The action of complement is considered in terms of a more tenacious bond formed between effector and target cells. The implications of the results are discussed in terms of the part that complement might play in enhancing antiviral recovery processes.
D000906:Antibodies; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*
D000906:Antibodies; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D003165:Complement System Proteins