Thymidine transport in herpesvirus hominis type 1 and 2 infected BHK 21 cells.
Increase of dThd-uptake 4 to 12 h after infection of BHK or primary rabbit kidney cells with Herpesvirus hominis of type 1 or 2 can be considered as an early function of the virus genome, because the presence of Cyd-Ara does not prevent the increase of uptake. However, increase of uptake can be prevented by addition of actinomycin D and cycloheximide early in the synthetic cycle. Two modes of uptake have been differentiated by kinetic analysis: at low substrate concentration dThd is taken up by 'facilitated transport', whereas at high substrate concentration (above 2-5 micronM) simple diffusion takes place. The Km of transport of normal BHK or primary rabbit kidney cells (1-4 or 0-5 micronM respectively) is not changed after infection. Only the Vmax increases from 8 to 26-6 pmol in BHK cells or from 2-9 to 9-0 pmol in primary rabbit kidney cells. This indicates that 'carrier sites' with identical affinity for dThd-transport are responsible for the increase of transport after infection. This increase of transport is correlated with the induction of a virus coded thymidine kinase (TK) and not with different types of c.p.e. or cellular damage. Transport of BdUrd increases in a similar manner to that of dThd after infection; transport of dCyd or dUrd increases only slightly, whereas the mechanism of dAdo or Urd uptake by infected cells is quite different.
D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D046508:Culture Techniques; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004058:Diffusion; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis
D004279:DNA, Viral; D009705:Nucleosides; D003561:Cytarabine; D003609:Dactinomycin; D004247:DNA; D003513:Cycloheximide; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D013936:Thymidine