title: A review of the current status of oil adjuvants in foot--and--mouth disease vaccines.
abstract: Review of lipovaccines since 1916, including oil adjuvants (1935-1943) and the two Freund's adjuvants. The first oil-adjuvanted vaccines appeared in 1961. Criticism of the water-in-oil and oil-in-water vaccines and description of the mineral oil adjuvants which are available today. The authors set forth the advantages of oil adjuvants and secondary reactions which might occur; they are particularly interested in the foot-and-mouth disease vaccine intended for use in swine and express their regret that no method of standardization has yet been adopted for oil-adjuvanted vaccines which are promising but which necessitate still further study.
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D004655:Emulsions; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009821:Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant