title: Poland syndrome: a concept of pathogenesis based on limb bud embryology.
abstract: A study of 15 patients as well as a review of the literature was made to determine the etiology of Poland syndrome. Neither the associated pathologic features nor any pattern of prenatal factors were helpful in revealing an etiology. A theory of primary nerve root dysgenesis was disproven. However, a concept of a localized insult at a particular embryonic stage based on known limb bud development is presented as a possible explanation of pathogenesis.
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006225:Hand / Q000196:embryology; D006228:Hand Deformities, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000196:embryology; D049188:Prenatal Injuries; D013576:Syndactyly / Q000196:embryology* / Q000209:etiology; D013577:Syndrome