Herpes simplex virus vaccine: protection from stomatitis, ganglionitis, encephalitis and latency.
A mouse model system was developed for studying the pathogenesis of oral infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and the protection offered by prior immunization with a nucleic acid-free vaccine. Of non-immunized mice, 95-100% developed ulcerative lesions 3-5 days following application of virus to abraded oral epithelial surfaces. Infection of the ipsilateral sensory (trigeminal) ganglion and the cerebellum occurred by day 2 and sequentially progressed to the contralateral ganglion by day 4 and to the cerebrum by day 5. Prior immunization of mice with an inactivated virus vaccine, and most importantly, with a vaccine free of nucleic acid, protected mice from subsequent oral virus infection. Protection was demonstrated by: (i) reduction in the incidence and severity of primary oral lesions; (ii) a decrease in the number of mice with acute ganglionic infection or dying of encephalitis; and (iii) a reduction in the incidence of latent trigeminal ganglionic infection.
D000818:Animals; D002353:Carrier State / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005724:Ganglia; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009443:Neuritis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology*; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D014765:Viral Vaccines