title: Electron donors and inhibitors of nitrate reductase from Cyanidium caldarium.
abstract: Studies on nitrate reductase (NAD(P)H:nitrate oxidoreductases EC 1.6.6.2) of Cyanidium caldarium revealed that the enzyme is inhibited by excess of electron donor, NADPH, reduced benzylviologen and FMN. Also dithionite, used to reduce benzylviologen and FMN, inactivates nitrate reductase: however, FMN at an optimal concentration and nitrate, added before the dithionite, protect the enzyme against this inactivation. Cyanide, cyanate and carbamyl phosphate inhibit the enzyme competitively with respect to nitrate, and Ki values are reported. Organic mercurials, 0.1 mM, act preferentially on NADPH activity, whereas Ag+ and Hg-2+ at the same concentration inactivate 80--90% of the benzylviologen and FMN activities. ADP is very poor inhibitor. Urea 4 M in 2 h destroys 90% of the NADPH activity and only 30% of the benzylviologen and FMN activities. The apparent Km values for NADPH, benzylviologen, FMN and nitrate have been determined.
mesh_terms: D001594:Benzyl Viologen / Q000494:pharmacology; D002219:Carbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000201:enzymology*; D003485:Cyanates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003486:Cyanides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004227:Dithionite / Q000494:pharmacology; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D009249:NADP / Q000494:pharmacology; D009565:Nitrate Reductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014508:Urea / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D003485:Cyanates; D003486:Cyanides; D009566:Nitrates; D013439:Sulfhydryl Reagents; D001594:Benzyl Viologen; D004227:Dithionite; D009249:NADP; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide; D014508:Urea; D009565:Nitrate Reductases