title: Systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agonists during fetal development.
abstract: Systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic responses to adrenergic and cholinergic agonists were investigated in fetal lambs between 60 days and term gestation. The cardiovascular response to these agents increases with fetal age, and the increase is related to maturation of the effector system rather than the vascular receptors. The fetal pulmonary vascular bed and the ductus arteriosus are the primary components responding to acetylcholine; the systemic response is secondary to the occuring in the lung. Both fetal systemic and pulmonary vascular beds are under alpha-adrenergic control whereas the fetal heart is under beta-adrenergic control.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001337:Autonomic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D004373:Ductus Arteriosus; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D005333:Fetus; D005865:Gestational Age; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000187:drug effects; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects; D012756:Sheep; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001337:Autonomic Agents; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D011433:Propranolol; D007545:Isoproterenol; D000109:Acetylcholine; D010100:Oxygen; D009638:Norepinephrine