title: Anthopleurine: a sea anemone alarm pheromone.
abstract: The sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissima responds with characteristic contraction to a pheromone released by wounded conspecifics. The alarm pheromone was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography and identified by chemical and spectroscopic methods as the quaternary ammonium ion (3-carboxy-2, 3-dihydroxy-N, N, N-trimethyl)-1-propanaminium. Median effective concentration of the crystalline pheromone is 3.5 X 10-minus 10 mole per liter of seawater.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003063:Cnidaria / Q000502:physiology*; D003460:Crystallization; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010675:Pheromones / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012615:Sea Anemones / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010675:Pheromones