title: Dailysate calcium and plasma calcium fractions during and after haemodialysis.
abstract: Dialysate calcium and plasma calcium fractions during and after haemodialysis: The effect of differenct dialysate Ca concentrations on the plasma Ca fractions was examined in 28 patients. In 10 patients dialysed with a dialysate Ca concentration of 3.0 mEq/l the Ca fractions were determined at the start and end of dialysis. 8 patients were dialysed with dialysate with dialysate Ca of 3.5 mEq/l. In this group the Ca fractions were also estimated in the dialysis-free interval. The third group was dialysed with a dialysate Ca of 4.5 mEq/l. Total calcium and protein-bound calcium rose significantly in all groups. Ionised calcium in the first group was significantly reduced, in the second group it remained constant and in the third group it was significantly raised. Since parathyroid function  depends on the plasma ionised calcium it is concluded that a dialysed concentration of 3.0 mEq/l is partly responsible for the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism and of renal osteodystophy. In normocalcaemic patients a dialysate Ca concentration of 3.5 to 4.0 mEq/l is optimal. In patients entering long-term haemodialysis treatment with pronounced calcium deficiency symptoms a dialysate Ca of up to 4.5 mEq/l may be indicated for a short period after having normalized the inorganic phosphate levels in order to prevent extraosseous calcification.
mesh_terms: D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000032:analysis; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D012080:Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / Q000209:etiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000209:etiology; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011485:Protein Binding; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002118:Calcium