title: Double primary carcinoma of the lips.
abstract: The case of a 40-year-old man who was a moderate smoker with two squamous-cell carcinomas on the lips has been presented. The importance of follow-up in such cases has been stressed. When oral cancer develops, all mucous membrane surfaces must be considered to be highly susceptible to future malignant change. Exfoliative cytology, biopsies, and histologic studies should be employed for the early detection of precancerous conditions and, if possible, to prevent the development of subsequent oral carcinomas. It is necessary to insist on frequent and regular follow-up examinations, so that any second primary lesion may be detected and treated in its early stages. It is also necessary to initiate appropriate prophylactic measures to eliminate any possible sources of carcinogenic irritation.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000473:pathology*