Synapse turnover: the formation and termination of transient synapses.
Neurons dissociated from chick embryo retina form synapses with cultured rat striated muscle cells in 35-90 min when neurite extension is uncoupled from later steps in synapse formation. The results suggest that a reaction is required for synapse formation after neurons adhere to muscle cells. All synapses between retina neurons and muscle cells are terminated in 3-10 days depending on the developmental age of the neurons. The half-lives of synapses between muscle cells and retina neurons from 8-, 12-, or 13-day embryos are 36, 26, and 5 hr and mean synapse life-times are 53, 37, and 7.1 hr, respectively. The results show that synapses turn over and that the rate of turnover increases during development. The results suggest that both synapse formation and termination rates are regulated and that the specificity of synaptic connections can be increased by selective termination of synapses.
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase
J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75
14907713
J Physiol. 1976 Oct;261(2):387-422
978579
Science. 1977 May 27;196(4293):995-8
193191
Nature. 1976 Dec 23-30;264(5588):705-12
189195
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3544-8
185619
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Aug;74(8):3268-72
269390
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Oct;73(10):3594-8
1068472
J Neurophysiol. 1976 Nov;39(6):1220-35
993829
J Neurophysiol. 1976 Nov;39(6):1210-9
993828
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jan;73(1):123-7
1061105
J Physiol. 1971 Mar;213(3):707-25
4323936
J Physiol. 1974 Sep;241(2):515-45
4443927
Dev Biol. 1970 Sep;23(1):36-61
5481967
J Physiol. 1975 Jun;247(3):725-43
1142305
J Neurochem. 1976 Mar;26(3):521-6
816995
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Feb;73(2):577-81
54921
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1976;40:373-88
7383
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Oct;70(10):2974-8
4517949
Dev Biol. 1975 Jun;44(2):386-93
805733
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jul;73(7):2370-4
1065888
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jun;73(6):1806-10
1064853
Brain Res. 1976 Sep 24;114(3):524-9
953774
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 May;72(5):1955-9
1057775
J Biol Chem. 1975 Jul 25;250(14):5655-9
1141244
Biochemistry. 1975 Jan 14;14(1):167-71
1167336