Role of cell surface carbohydrates and proteins in cell behavior: studies on the biochemical reversion of an N-acetylglucosamine-deficient fibroblast mutant.
AD6, a mutant derived from 3T3 Balb/c cells, is characterized by low adhesion to substratum, round shape, increase in surface microvilli, increase in agglutinability by concanavalin A, and loss of directional motility. These properties are often observed in transformed cells. However, the mutant has normal growth properties and anchorage-dependence of growth, and it does not form tumors. In AD6, the biosynthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoproteins is impaired because of a block in the acetylation of GlcN-6-P. This defect is responsible for all the surface alterations because feeding of GlcNAc to AD6 cells corrects the defects in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates and the exposure of glycoproteins at the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Parallel to this biochemical reversion, there is full restoration of the altered biological properties. In contrast, GlcNAc has no effect on the morphologic features of two lines of transformed cells. Our results suggest that the carbohydrate portion of cell surface proteins has an important role in adhesion and related aspects of cell behavior. The fact that a defined alteration of the cell surface induces many properties often encountered in transformed cells, without affecting control of cell division, strongly suggests that these alterations in properties are not sufficient to account for the loss of growth regulation.
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000502:physiology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005838:Genotype; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype
D006023:Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D003208:Concanavalin A; D005944:Glucosamine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine
Cell. 1976 Oct;9(2):241-5
61821
Int J Cancer. 1968 Sep 15;3(5):683-93
5749478
J Cell Biol. 1973 Dec;59(3):633-42
4357459
Eur J Cancer. 1973 May;9(5):319-33
4355723
Ciba Found Symp. 1973;14:3-26
4591637
Annu Rev Biochem. 1973;42(0):541-74
4599386
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Sep;71(9):3492-6
4530317
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Apr 30;458(1):1-72
181093
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Apr;73(4):1217-21
177979
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Apr;72(4):1263-7
165501
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Feb;73(2):544-8
174110
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Nov;72(11):4435-9
172908
Exp Cell Res. 1974 Aug;87(2):265-76
4415993
Exp Cell Res. 1970 Mar;59(3):393-8
4907703
C R Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D. 1975 Jun 2;280(21):2517-20
808295
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Apr 30;458(1):73-107
779852
Exp Cell Res. 1976 May;99(2):375-84
1269533
Nature. 1975 Jun 26;255(5511):720-2
1169691
Biochemistry. 1971 May 11;10(10):1766-71
5563761
J Cell Biol. 1974 Oct;63(1):288-94
4371073