title: Cefuroxime, a beta-lactamase-resistant cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of gram-positive and -negative activity.
abstract: The in vitro activity of cefuroxime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, was investigated against 604 isolates and compared with the activity of other beta-lactam compounds. Cefuroxime had activity comparable to that of other cephalosporins, including cefamandole and cefoxitin, against streptococcal and staphylococcal species; most streptococci were inhibited by 0.1 mug or less per ml, and staphylococci were inhibited by 1.6 mug or less per ml. Enterococci were relatively resistant. Cefuroxime inhibited beta-lactamase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae. Cefuroxime had excellent activity against members of the Enterobacteriaceae; 83% of beta-lactamase-producing Escherichea coli, 100% of Salmonella, 100% of Klebsiella, 90% of Proteus mirabilis, 95% of Citrobacter, 56% of Enterobacter, and 58% of Shigella were inhibited by 12.5 mug/ml. Cefuroxime had activity comparable to that of cefamandole and cefoxitin; it inhibited isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella resistant to cefamandole and inhibited Enterobacter and Citrobacter resistant to cefoxitin. Many isolates of Serratia, some indole-positive strains of Proteus, and Bacteroides fragilis were resistant to cefuroxime. Resistance of cefuroxime to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases played a major role in its activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002510:Cephalosporinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D005663:Furans; D010406:Penicillins; D000581:Amidohydrolases; D002510:Cephalosporinase
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