title: Upper calyx reno-vascular obstruction in children: Fraley's syndrome.
abstract: Intrarenal vascular obstruction of the upper calyceal infundibulum has been distinguished by Fraley as an entity separate from an asymptomatic vascular impression. Clinically, this form of intrarenal vascular obstruction presents as nephralgia or hematuria. This infundibular obstruction is caused by normal renal vessels, usually the upper segmental artery: radiologically, the vessels produce a constant well-defined filling defect in the infundibulum at IVP, and, the upper calyx group is distended and shows delay in emptying. We found this condition in 14 children from 1968-1975. Control studies showed no progression in the radiological findings, even over a long period. In one of our cases angiography was indicated to exclude tumour or cyst; in another case, surgery was necessary. Complications are urinary tract infection or stone formation. Therefore, children with Fraley's syndrome require regular clinical examination.
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007670:Kidney Calices / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013577:Syndrome
references.citation: Surgery. 1970 May;67(5):856-62
references.pmid: 5438686
references.citation: Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Nuklearmed. 1974 Oct;121(4):445-54
references.pmid: 4373341
references.citation: Z Urol. 1962 Dec;55:717-21
references.pmid: 13998108
references.citation: J Can Assoc Radiol. 1968 Dec;19(4):179-82
references.pmid: 5700696
references.citation: J Urol Nephrol (Paris). 1972 Oct-Nov;78(10 ):807-20
references.pmid: 4659930
references.citation: Radiology. 1968 Nov;91(5):1039-41
references.pmid: 5681317
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1966 Dec 22;275(25):1403-9
references.pmid: 5956366
references.citation: Br J Surg. 1954 Sep;42(172):132-9
references.pmid: 13209036
references.citation: Helv Paediatr Acta. 1976 Dec;31(4-5):419-25
references.pmid: 1017985
references.citation: JAMA. 1969 Mar 31;207 (13):2433-4
references.pmid: 5818446
references.citation: Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 1967 Nov;101(3):719-27
references.pmid: 6060060
references.citation: Radiology. 1966 Nov;87(5):878-82
references.pmid: 5924902
references.citation: Br Med J. 1968 Jan 13;1(5584):98-9
references.pmid: 5634722