In vitro evidence of cell-mediated immunity after exposure of mice to both live and inactivated rabies virus.
Mice exposed to live or beta-propiolactone-inactivated rabies virus generated a strong, specific cell-mediated cytotoxic response which was generally maximal 6 days after inoculation. Release of 51Cr was apparently a function of immune thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) because it was abrogated by prior incubation of spleen cells with anti-thymus antiserum and complement but was undiminished by passage of spleen cells through nylon-wool columns. Cytotoxicity was always maximal for interactions in which thymus-derived cells and targets shared H-2 genes but, unlike the situation found in other assays of this type, considerable lysis of allogeneic, virus-infected target cells may also occur. Perhaps the most significant finding from these experiments is that an inactivated virus has been shown to stimulate a potent cytotoxic thymus-derived cell response. Manipulation of this experimental model may allow analysis of the antigens required for stimulation of cell-mediated immunity. A more practical consequence may be the development of more rational protocols for postexposure vaccination against rabies. Prior treatment of mice with antirabies antibody severely depressed the generation of cell-mediated immunity.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007167:Immunotherapy; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011420:Propiolactone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011818:Rabies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011820:Rabies virus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D006649:Histocompatibility Antigens; D011819:Rabies Vaccines; D011420:Propiolactone; D003520:Cyclophosphamide