title: Improved survival in young children with acute granulocytic leukemia treated with combination therapy using cyclophosphamide, oncovin, cytosine arabinoside, and prednisone.
abstract: Seven of 17 children (41%) under 5 years of age with acute granulocytic leukemia (AGL) treated with either cytosine arabinoside-cytoxan (CA-CYT) or Mini-COAP (CA-CYT with vincristine sulfate [VCR] and prednisone) have been in continuous complete remission 4 years or more. CA and CYT were each given in the dosage of 120 mg/m2 intravenously, daily in 3 divided doses, for 4 days. Induction consisted of two courses given at intervals of 2 weeks; during maintenance the courses were repeated at intervals of 4 weeks. In the Mini-COAP regimen, standard 28-day VCR-prednisone therapy was superimposed on CA-CYT induction and 4-day VCR-prednisone pulses were superimposed on CA-CYT maintenance. Transient moderate to severe myelosuppression was frequent; other manifestations of toxicity were mild. Administration of drugs at home was feasible in many instances. Mini-COAP was proved to be an effective therapeutic regimen for young children with AGL and should be considered as initial therapy.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013997:Time Factors; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone