title: Toxic elements in silicate cements.
abstract: Six brands of silicate cements have been characterized by means of optical emission spectrography with respect to the contents of elements in minor or trace quantities in a search for presence of possible toxic elements. Beryllium was observed in two powders at levels of 1.3 and 1.6% Cadmium was found in two powders at levels of 0.02 and 0.03%. Lead was measured in three powders at levels of 0.001-0.003%. Bismuth, boron, copper, gallium, iron, manganese, titanium, tin and zirconium were found in various brands in either powder or liquid at levels of 0.001-0.1%. Upper limits of the amounts of the various elements that might be transferred to the gastrointestinal tract after dissolution of the cement matrix in the oral cavity have been calculated.
mesh_terms: D001608:Beryllium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D002104:Cadmium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D005461:Fluorine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D005502:Food; D012823:Silicate Cement / Q000032:analysis*; D012995:Solubility; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000032:analysis*; D014131:Trace Elements
chemical_list: D014118:Toxins, Biological; D014131:Trace Elements; D002104:Cadmium; D012823:Silicate Cement; D005461:Fluorine; D001608:Beryllium