Acute reversible myocardial infarction after blood transfusion in the aged.
Seven elderly cases with reversible electrocardiographic changes simulating acute myocardial infarction in the absence of gross myocardial infarction on postmortem examination were observed following the blood transfusion. The underlying diseases were cancer of gastrointestinal tract or gall bladder in 4, gastric ulcer in 2, and 1 of pseudomembranous enterocolitis. The electrocardiogram revealed the abnormal Q waves with monophasic ST elevation and following coronary T inversion. These findings lasted only for 2 to 7 days and returned to the previous normal tracings. The hematocrit was elevated from 28.9 to 47.7 after the blood transfusion of 800 to 1,800 ml. The disseminated intravascular coagulation was shown in 5 cases. GOT levels were within normal ranges except 1 case. Pathological findings in cases with recent electrocardiographic changes were characterized by the mural thromboses, extending into the myocardium through the Thebesian vein. The focal small necroses of the adjacent myocardium or around the thrombosis of small vessels were also observed. In the later phase the fine interstitial fibrosis took place after the resorption of the thrombi and necrotic foci. From these clinical and pathological findings we proposed a new concept of reversible myocardial infarction induced from the hypercoagulability, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and elevated hematocrit.
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis