title: The effect of time and force magnitude on orthodontic tooth movement.
abstract: The holographic technique, recently developed for precise and accurate measurement of tooth displacements, was used to study the three-dimensional motion of human teeth. Maxillary central incisors were loaded with forces of 300 grams and 500 grams. Translations and rotations in three-dimensions were measured over 45 seconds. The experimental results, presented as a function of time, indicate that the instantaneous centers of rotation can be represented by space centrodes that are characteristic for each patient and the applied force system.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006696:Holography / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000502:physiology; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D012399:Rotation; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques