title: Effects of orthodontic intermaxillary Class III mechanics on craniofacial structures. Part I - photoerlastic analysis.
abstract: The relation between active growth and induced anatomic changes was examined using photoelastic stress techniques. The following can be concluded from this investigation: 1. Utilization of Class III mechanics on the photoelastic skull affected the zygomaticotemporal, zygomaticofrontal and frontomaxillary sutures. 2. The stress trajectories observed in the mandible lead to the conclusion that Class III traction affects mandibular growth and opening, as well as condylar repositioning. 3. Evidence of stress was observed in a section of the condyle due to the external pterygoid muscle. 4. The stress concentrated at the outer surface of the pterygoid plate was due to the action of the external pterygoid muscle. 5. The effect of the simulated Class III traction created concentrations of stress mesial and distal of the second molars and at the apical and midroot areas of first molars.
mesh_terms: D005147:Facial Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy*; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000502:physiology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000502:physiology; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008954:Models, Biological; D008961:Models, Structural; D008963:Molar / Q000502:physiology; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010159:Palate / Q000254:growth & development; D012886:Skull / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000502:physiology; D014143:Traction; D015050:Zygoma / Q000502:physiology