title: Toxicokinetics.
abstract: The absorption, distribution and elimination of toxic compounds can be described by means of kinetic parameters such as used in pharmacology. Administration of toxic doses may lead to changes in some of the parameters. The toxic effect may further influence the known parameters of some test substances. Toxicokinetic parameters will be described using examples from two groups of compounds 1) naturally occurring toxic compounds and 2) synthetic compounds. Changes in elimination parameters caused by toxic substances will be demonstrated a.o. the effect of long term intake of ochratoxin A and methoxyethyl mercury on the kidney function in swine. In both examples are demonstrated a pronounced reduction in the clearances of inulin and para-amino-hippuric acid. Furthermore, an elucidation of concentration dependent change in enzyme activity and changes in metabolism of pesticides will be given. As examples alkylphosphates and dinitrophenols in domestic animals will be used.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004140:Dinitrophenols / Q000378:metabolism; D005035:Ethylmercury Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D011042:Poisons / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004140:Dinitrophenols; D005035:Ethylmercury Compounds; D009793:Ochratoxins; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011042:Poisons