title: Biological testing of dental restorative materials in vitro--a review.
abstract: In vitro methods for the biological evaluation of dental restorative materials are discussed, with particular reference to the type of cells used, the physical state of the test material, the method of establishing cell-material contact, and the criteria of cytotoxicity. It is postulated that in vitro methods should provide a reliable assessment of the toxicity of dental restorative materials, but since the current in vitro methods do not mimic in vivo conditions sufficiently closely, the correlation between in vitro and in vivo results is at present poor. The development of in vitro methods more closely simulating in vivo circumstances is advocated.
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D003603:Cytotoxins; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003804:Dentin / Q000166:cytology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D012823:Silicate Cement / Q000494:pharmacology; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003188:Composite Resins; D003603:Cytotoxins; D003764:Dental Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D012823:Silicate Cement