title: Electrode placements for transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.
abstract: Even though transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is gaining increasing acceptance as a noninvasive method of pain modulation, many professionals have not been adequately instructed in the many techniques involved in electrode placement. Alternative methods are presented that can be used when more commonly used methods fail to obtain satisfactory results. Anatomical and physiological considerations for determining appropriate electrode placement sites are stressed.
mesh_terms: D003391:Cranial Nerves / Q000502:physiology; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D009434:Neural Pathways; D059408:Pain Management; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000502:physiology