title: Mutagenicities of protein pyrolysates.
abstract: Smoke condensate obtained by pyrolysis of proteins, such as lysozyme and histone, was shown to be mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98. In vitro metabolic activation by a mammaliam postmitochondrial enzyme preparation (S-9 Mix) was required. Smoke condensates obtained by pyrolysis of DNA, RNA, starch and vegetable oil were slightly mutagenic, whereas those from pyrolysis of L- and D-tryptophan and 5-hydroxy-D,L-tryptophan were very strongly mutagenic with metabolic activation by S-9 Mix. Because of the high correlation between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, it is theorized that the cooking of proteinaceous foods might be an important cause of human cancers.
mesh_terms: D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens; D009821:Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009153:Mutagens; D009821:Oils; D012906:Smoke; D012313:RNA; D014364:Tryptophan; D013213:Starch; D004247:DNA; D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan; D009113:Muramidase