Abnormal interaction of alpha 1-antitrypsin and leukocyte elastolytic activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
The interaction of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin with leukocyte elastolytic activity was examined in 71 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and 46 normal subjects. Residual elastolytic activity was present despite adequate amounts of alpha1-antitrypsin in 33 of the 71 patients compared to 6 of the 46 normal control subjects (P less than 0.001). This elastolytic activity was completely abolished by a specific  human leukocyte elastase inhibitor. A crossover study designed to detect the source of this abnormal activity revealed that the plasma fraction containing alpha 1-antitrypsin was responsible for inadequate inhibition in 30 of the 39 cases. The residual elastolytic activity from a given patient did not correlate with the serum alpha 1-antitrypsin concentration, alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotype, or history of smoking. Our data suggest that the abnormal interaction of alhpa 1-antitrypsin with leukocyte elastolytic activity is an important additional variable in the gensis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000097:blood*; D010641:Phenotype; D012907:Smoking; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000378:metabolism*
D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase