title: In vitro antibiotic synergism against ocular fungal isolates.
abstract: A microtiter method for the determination of fungal sensitivities was used to determine the minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of two antifungal agents, amphotericin B and natamycin, both alone and in combination with four different antibiotics: rifampin, gentamicin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Synergism was defined as a fourfold or greater reduction in the minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal fungicidal concentration, or both, of the antifungal agent in the presence of antibiotic; antagonism was defined as fourfold or greater increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration, minimal fungicidal concentration, or both. Amphotericin B and rifampin were synergistic against the majority of organisms, but synergism between amphotericin B and other antibiotics was infrequent. Combinations of natamycin and rifampin or of natamycin and gentamicin were synergistic against the majority of Fusarium solani tested. Combinations of amphotericin B and tetracycline were antagonistic against 14% of the organisms.
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005123:Eye / Q000382:microbiology*; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects*; D005670:Fusarium; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010866:Natamycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D013754:Tetracyclines; D002981:Clindamycin; D000666:Amphotericin B; D010866:Natamycin; D012293:Rifampin