title: Total facial nerve exploration: transmastoid, extralabyrinthine, and subtemporal indications and results.
abstract: Increasingly, surgeons are using a middle fossa approach though craniotomy to reach the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve and geniculate ganglion in patients with intact hearing. This paper describes a transmastoid operation that provide exposure of the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve without performance of a craniotomy. In this procedure the geniculate ganglion and labyrinthine segments of the facial nerve were exposed, while cochleovestibular function was spared; recovery of the facial nerve in patients with Bell's palsy or herpes zoster oticus (even the patients with a dry eye) was favourably influenced.
mesh_terms: D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000601:surgery*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*; D005830:Geniculate Ganglion / Q000601:surgery; D006309:Hearing; D006563:Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D011446:Prospective Studies