title: Abnormal central monoamine metabolism in humans with "true hypersomnia" and "sub-wakefulness".
abstract: A case of Kleine-Levin syndrome with true hypersomnia and a case of sub-wakefulness are described. In both patients lumbar cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol levels have been assayed during episodes of hypersomnia and normal sleep-waking cycles. Besides an increased 5-hydroxytryptamine turnover, mainly an increased dopamine turnover has been detected in both kinds of hypersomnia, and this finding was more remarkable in the case with sub-wakefulness. The probable role of dopamine in abnormalities in the sleep-waking cycle is discussed on the basis of results in experimental animal hypersomnias.
mesh_terms: D015098:3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D000293:Adolescent; D002396:Catechols / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002648:Child; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011339:Probenecid; D012701:Serotonin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D002396:Catechols; D010648:Phenylacetates; D015098:3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D012701:Serotonin; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D011339:Probenecid; D004298:Dopamine; D006719:Homovanillic Acid