title: Bactericidal studies of penicillin-gentamicin combinations against group B streptococci.
abstract: The bactericidal activity of penicillin-aminoglycoside combinations was studied in 16 strains of Group B streptococci. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against kanamycin or gentamicin were greater than 50 microgram/ml, whereas ampicillin or penicillin inhibitory concentrations were uniformly less than 0.1 microgram/ml. Although all strains had bactericidal concentrations (MBC) less than 0.1 microgram penicillin/ml, penicillin at a concentration equal to each strains respective MBC reduced inoculum colony forming units (CFU) 2 logs in only 6 of 16 strains in bactericidal kinetic studies. However, the addition of gentamicin in concentrations of 5.0 or 10.0 microgram/ml to penicillin markedly enhanced bactericidal activity in all strains tested. The addition of lower concentrations of gentamicin (1.0 microgram/ml) had minimal advantage over penicillin alone. No distinct advantage was noted for combinations including either ampicillin or kanamycin. The theoretical advantage of penicillin-aminoglycoside combinations in experimental conditions, suggests that the use of antibiotic combinations in clinical infections due to Group B streptococci, may result in a more rapid eradication of these organisms.
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000494:pharmacology; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005839:Gentamicins; D010406:Penicillins; D007612:Kanamycin; D000667:Ampicillin; D010400:Penicillin G