title: Subspecific variations in Agkistrodon contortrix venoms.
abstract: 1. Commercially available preparations of venoms of three subspecies of copperhead snake (Agkistrodon contortrix) were compared as to toxicity, enzymatic activities, effect on a nerve-muscle preparation and capacity to induce clotting of a fibrinogen solution or plasma. 2. Northern copperhead venom contained apparent neurotoxic activities that were not present in broadbanded copperhead venom and only partially present in southern copperhead venom. 3. Procoagulant activity was demonstrated in whole northern copperhead venom in the absence of exogenous calcium. Procoagulant activity was present in certain isolated fractions of southern and broadbanded copperhead venoms, but was not apparent in the whole venoms. 4. Differences were noted in the levels of enzyme activities and electrophoretic patterns of the three venoms.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004798:Enzymes / Q000032:analysis; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: C031442:Agkistrodon venoms; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D004798:Enzymes; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents