title: Methods for rapidly altering the permeability of mammalian cells.
abstract: Various agents alter mammalian cells so that they rapidly become nonspecifically permeable to substances that ordinarily do not penetrate intact cells. Thus, toluene renders liver cells permeable to nucleotides and macromolecules. Tween 80 and Tween 60 act on similar fashion, and the effect is reversible. Dextran sulfate reversibly alters the permeability of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, which offers a tool for studying the control of macromolecular syntheses and other processes. Brief exposure to external ATP alters the permeability of certain transformed mouse cells but not of untransformed cells. The effect of ATP is rapidly reversible.
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002286:Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003911:Dextrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008722:Methods; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014050:Toluene / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D003902:Detergents; D003911:Dextrans; D014050:Toluene; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; D002118:Calcium