Influenza surveillance of Wisconsin (USA) population-detection of A/New Jersey by isolation and serologic monitoring and vaccine evaluation.
The 1976-77 influenza surveillance in Wisconsin consisted of three major areas of study. Serum and virus isolation specimens were obtained from the practicing medical community and from epidemiologic studies. From all sources 1,132 throat specimens were tested by egg and tissue culture inoculations. Three isolations similar to A/New Jersey/8/76 were recovered from pig farm associated patients. One contact with one of the isolate patients seroconverted to A/New Jersey suggesting patient to patient spread. Serological monitoring of 1,361 patients showed no other A/New Jersey activity in the state. In addition 31 influenza B/Hong Kong and 8 A/Victoria isolates have been recovered as well as 34 B and 11 A seroconversions. A surveillance using primarily syphilis serology premarital serums has been conducted from August 29, 1976 through April 23, 1977. No significant influenza A activity in the state was recognized by this study. However, increased herd immunity from vaccination was detected. The last phase of this surveillance was an evaluation of the mass immunization program and the efficacy of the vaccines. Two-hundred-ninety individuals contributed pre- and post-vaccine serums to this study. Eighty-three percent of those persons with a pre-vaccine titer of 1:80 or less to A/New Jersey/8/76 developed a post-vaccine titer four-fold or greater to that virus type. Those who received vaccine containing A/Victoria/3/75 were less responsive. Refractiveness to vaccine antibody stimulation was greater than or equal to 1:160 for A/New Jersey and less than or equal to 1:40 with A/Victoria.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003168:Complement Fixation Tests; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D014922:Wisconsin
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines