Comparison between 5-fluorocytosine, amphotericin B and the combined administration of these agents in the therapeutic effectiveness for cryptococcal meningitis.
Therapeutic effectiveness of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC), amphotericin B (Am B) and both in combined administration were retrospectively assessed and compared with one another in 28 patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Combined administration was significantly superior to Am B alone and to 5-FC alone, and these agents were suggested to afford a synergetic effect in combined administration. Adverse reactions associated with combined administration did not essentially differ from those with Am B or 5-FC alone. Combined administration was able to decrease the incidence and severity of adverse reactions by employing lower doses of Am B, and this combined administration reduced the duration of treatment. An appropriate dose for each agent in combined administration was deemed to be about 0.350 mg/kg/day Am B i.v. and 150 mg/kg/day 5-FC p. o. based on the results of this study.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
D000666:Amphotericin B; D003596:Cytosine; D005437:Flucytosine