title: The use of a ureteric nipple alone for reflux prevention.
abstract: In the re-implantation of a ureter into the bladder, vesico-ureteric reflux can be prevented by a ureteric nipple alone, provided the nipple is at least 1.5 cm long. This eliminates the need for an oblique ureteric entry or a submucosal tunnel. Longer nipples may be used although they may lead to difficulties with catheterisation. Reduction in the length of the nipple frequently occurs later.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000517:prevention & control*