title: Tumor biology and clinical trials: the Richard and Hinda Rosenthal Foundation Award Lecture.
abstract: Laboratory research is often described as basic and clinical research, prognostic or empirical. In this address, the point is made that research may be clinical or laboratory. Good clinical research may give important biological answers. Breast cancer clinical trials are decribed in terms of their biological interpretation. A list of significant biological questions that need answering are presented.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002369:Castration; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D012107:Research Design
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006728:Hormones