Structure and enzymatic functions of thioredoxin refolded by complementation of two tryptic peptide fragments.
The physicochemical and catalytic properties of thioredoxin-T' are described. This complemented protein structure consists of a 1:1 complex between the inactive fragments thioredoxin-T-(1--73) and thioredoxin T-(74--108). These are generated by selective trypsin cleavage at Arg-73 in lysine-modified and denatured Escherichia coli thioredoxin. Thioredoxin-T' was a slowly formed but stable complex with an apparent KD below 10(-8) M. The tryptophan fluorescence spectrum and the CD spectrum were very similar to those of native thioredoxin; some conformational differences were detected by gel chromatography and radioimmunoassay. Thioredoxin-T'-S2 was a substrate for NADPH and thioredoxin reductase and had 1--2% of the activity of native thioredoxin. This low relative activity was the result of a major increase in the Km value. Thioredoxin-(SH)2 was a hydrogen donor for E. coli ribonucleotide reductase with about 3% relative activity. These results for thioredoxin-T' are correlated with the known three-dimensional structure of thioredoxin. The microenvironment around Arg-73 that is close to the active disulfide appears to be of critical importance for the interactions of thioredoxin with thioredoxin reductase and ribonucleotide reductase.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003488:Cyanogen Bromide; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D014357:Trypsin
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D013879:Thioredoxins; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D014357:Trypsin; D003488:Cyanogen Bromide