title: Mastitis: I. In vitro antimicrobial activity of alkyl amines against mastitic bacteria.
abstract: The activities of branched and straight chain amines (10 to 18 carbons chain length) were compared in inhibiting the growth of five microorganisms that cause about 95% of bovine mastitis. Three gram-positive (Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria were used in a trypticase soy broth tube culture growth assay. Sixty-two compounds were screened at concentrations of 200, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, and 1 ppm in broth culture to determine the effective minimum inhibitory concentration. Alkyl secondary N-substituted monoethyl [CH3(CH2)nNHCH2CH3] and tertiary N,N-substituted dimethyl [CH3(CH2) nN(CH3)2] amines with chain lengths of 11 to 14 carbon atoms were active against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Antimicrobial activity against gram-positive organisms increased with increasing chain length and carbon-14 to 18 amines were active at 1 to 5 ppm. The carbon-11 to 13 alkyl amines were most active against gram-positive organisms; longer chain amines (more than 14 carbons) were inactive. Branching of the alkyl chain caused a loss of activity against gram-negative but not against gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrobial testing of monoamines, polyamines, and the influence of order substituents were investigated to correlate structure-acitivity relationships.
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D002082:Butylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D004123:Dimethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005021:Ethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000382:microbiology*; D008744:Methylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011073:Polyamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002082:Butylamines; D004123:Dimethylamines; D005021:Ethylamines; D008744:Methylamines; D011073:Polyamines