title: On defining the thermal history of cells during the freezing of biological materials.
abstract: An explicit numerical finite difference scheme for defining the thermal history of a cell or group of cells contained within a biological sample of prescribed shape is described. Solutions are presented for three different cases of freezing of biological materials prior to microscopic examination. It is concluded that a surface boundary condition must be specified in any experiment before cell ultrastructure or viability can be related to thermal history or cooling rate.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002477:Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D005260:Female; D005615:Freezing; D008433:Mathematics; D008853:Microscopy; D010053:Ovary; D059828:Plant Cells; D014021:Tissue Preservation