title: Plasma volume during stress in man: osmolality and red cell volume.
abstract: Our purpose was 1) to test the hypothesis that in man there is a range of plasma osmolality within which the red cell volume (RCV) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) remain essentially constant and 2) to determine the upper limit of this range. During a variety of stresses--submaximal and maximal exercise, heat and altitude exposure, +Gz acceleration, and tilting--changes in plasma osmolality between -1 and +13 mosmol/kg resulted in essentially no change in the regression of percent change in plasma volume (PV) calculated from a change in hematocrit (Hct) on that calculated from a change in Hct + hemoglobin (Hb), i.e., the RCV and MCV were constant. Factors that do not influence RCV are the level of metabolism, heat exposure at rest, and short-term orthostasis (heat-to-foot acceleration). Factors that may influence RCV are exposure to high altitude and long-term orthostasis (head-up tilting). Factors that definitely influence RCV are prior dehydration and extended (greater than 2 h) periods of stress. Thus, either the Hct or the Hct + Hb equations can be used to calculate percent changes in PV under short-term (less than 2 h) periods of stress when the change in plasma osmolality is less than 13 mosmol/kg.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004395:Dye Dilution Technique; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices; D005070:Evans Blue; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D008722:Methods; D012586:Science; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D005070:Evans Blue