title: The development of a "Microtitre" fluctuation test for the detection of indirect mutagens, and its use in the evaluation of mixed enzyme induction of the liver.
abstract: The "Microtitre" Fluctuation test recently introduced for the detection of direct mutagens has been adapted for the detection of indirect mutagens through the incorporation of an "S9-mix" metabolic system. It compares favourably with Greens' original method for the detection of a range of chemical mutagens. The technique has been employed in the evaluation of mixed enzyme induction using phenobarbitone and beta-naphthoflavone (benzoflavone), as a safe substitute for Aroclor-1254. The post-mitchondrial preparations from rats induced with the combined inducers had a similar "metabolic competence" to those derived from Aroclor induced animals. Such a combination would therefore provide a useful alternative to Aroclor-1254 for routine screening. It was found that the level of "S9" present in the metabolic system greatly affected the quantitative mutagenic response. This varied considerably from chemical to chemical and underlined the need for such preliminary investigations in routine screening.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens