title: Mutagenicity and metabolism studies on 12 thiuram and dithiocarbamate compounds used as accelerators in the Swedish rubber industry.
abstract: 12 thiuram and dithiocarbamate compounds used in the rubber industry as accelerators, and to some extent as sources of sulfur, were tested, as well as carbon disulfide, a metabolite found in vivo after dithiocarbamate treatment, for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium. A mutagenic effect on the base-substitution-sensitive strains TA1535 and TA100 was found for 7 compounds. The most potent directly acting mutagens were: tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMTD), zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram), cadmium diethyldithiocarbamate and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate. Tetraethylthiuram disulfide (TETD), also known as Antabus, and carbon disulfide were non-mutagenic. The relatively low direct mutagenic effect of tetramethylthiuram monosulfide (TMTM) was enhanced in the presence of a metabolizing system (S9 mix). A hypothesis is given regarding the activation process of the monosulfide TMTM.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002246:Carbon Disulfide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007221:Industry; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D012408:Rubber; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013893:Thiram / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013859:Thiocarbamates; D013893:Thiram; D012408:Rubber; D002246:Carbon Disulfide