title: Medieval arabic views on speech disorders: al-Razi (c. 865--925).
abstract: This paper discusses al-Razi's views on speech defects of lingual origin. It begins with a background sketch of the man, his times, and his major work, with its various translations. There follows translated extracts and analysis from his section on the causes and treatment of speech defects, seen in the light of the humoral theory of disease. Information is derived from the recently published Arabic version of Rzi's al-Hawi, which reveals that diagnosis was more advanced than is indicated in the Latin translations, which have been the principal source of reference in the West to date.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D008514:Medicine, Arabic; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000266:history; D014059:Tongue / Q000503:physiopathology