title: Reconstruction of the breast without additional skin or muscle flaps.
abstract: After mastectomy (usually simple or modified radical) many breasts may be reconstructed without additional tissue. However, in any patient in whom the skin flaps are very thin and/or tight, especially if the flaps have been irradiated, we urge use of the thoracoepigastric flap, latissimus dorsi muscle, or myocutaneous flap to achieve a pleasing result.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009132:Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous