title: Adjunctive chemotherapy of infection-induced staghorn calculi.
abstract: Bacteria induce urinary crystallization of struvite and carbonate-apatite as a by-product of ureolysis by urease. Eradication of infection and/or inhibition of urease with acetohydroxamic acid for 5 to 30 months retarded stone growth and brought about partial or complete dissolution of stones in 9 patients. Long-term chemotherapy with antimicrobial agents that achieve sterile urine or acetohydroxamic acid in those patients with recalcitrant infection lessens the risk of recurrent calculogenesis.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D014510:Urease / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D014510:Urease