title: A double-blind study of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in patients having transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate.
abstract: We studied 89 men undergoing transrectal prostatic biopsies to determine the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in preventing postoperative fever, bacteremia and bacteriuria. Of the patients who received placebo temperatures of 37.6C or more occurred in 18%, bacteremia in 70% and bacteriuria in 21%. Most cases of bacteremia were caused by anaerobic organisms and were asymptomatic. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not reduce the frequency of fever or bacteremia but did produce a significant reduction  in bacteriuria (0 versus 21%, p equals 0.008).
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005334:Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014295:Trimethoprim / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D014295:Trimethoprim; D013420:Sulfamethoxazole