title: Tension and relaxation in the individual.
abstract: Increasing materialism in society is resulting in more wide spread nervous tension in all age groups. While some degree of nervous tension is necessary in everyday living, its adverse effects require that we must learn to bring it under control. Total tension is shown to have two components: a controllable element arising from factors in the environment and the inbuilt uncontrollable residue which is basic in the individual temperament. The effects of excessive or uncontrolled stress can be classified as 1) emotional reactions such as neurotic behaviour (anxiety hypochondria, hysteria, phobia, depression obsessions and compulsions) or psychotic behaviour and 2) psychosomatic reactions (nervous asthma, headache, insomnia, heart attack). Nervous energy can be wastefully expended by such factors as loss of temper, wrong attitudes to work, job frustration and marital strains. Relaxation is the only positive way to control undesirable nervous tension and its techniques require to be learned. A number of techniques (progressive relaxation, differential relaxation, hypnosis, the use of biofeedback, Yoga and Transcendental Meditation) are described and their application to dental practice is discussed.
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology; D001290:Attitude; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D001519:Behavior; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003815:Dentists; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology