title: Rejection and immunosuppression in kidney transplantation.
abstract: Seventeen out of 85 renal allograft patients suffered 23 episodes of rejection. Of these 22 (96%) were associated with a significant increase in DNA synthesis in the peripheral blood and in 12 instances (55%) the DNA increase occurred before biochemical or clinical evidence. The prognostic value depends on the frequency of sampling and in all patients measured daily the DNA increase was predictive with a mean value of 7 days before other signs. Nine patients experienced 12 rejection episodes that resulted in the loss of their graft. All these cases of irreversible rejection were characterized by a significant elevation in DNA synthesis within 36 days of transplant. In 57 patients with good function 46 suffered 120 episodes of infection. DNA synthesis was increased in 12.5% of these. Thus an increase in DNA synthesis is 8 x more likely to be due to rejection than infection. The level of DNA and RNA synthesis may prove a useful guide for monitoring the level of immunosuppression in these patients.
mesh_terms: D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D001379:Azathioprine