Prevention of diazepam-induced thrombophlebitis with cremophor as a solvent.
In 104 patients undergoing anaesthesia of short duration, two different solvents, propylene glycol and cremophor, were compared in a double-blind trial. Diazepam 10 mg in a coded solution was injected into a superficial vein of the hand using a small-gauge needle. The vein was examined after 14 days. The frequency of thrombophlebitis with propylene glycol was 62.2% and with cremophor 3.4% (P less than 0.001). The frequency of pain on injection was also in favour of the new solvent (P less than 0.001). The possibility of anaphylactic reactions accredited to cremophor, however, restricts the use of the new injection.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003975:Diazepam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D012997:Solvents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
D011409:Propylene Glycols; D012997:Solvents; C022131:cremophor; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D003975:Diazepam