title: [A screening radioimmunoassay for 1,4-benzodiazepines in human blood, serum, and urine using anti-oxazepam-hemisuccinate-antibodies (author's transl)].
abstract: A simple and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed for the determination of oxazepam and other 1,4-benzodiazepines in human blood serum and urine (e.g., diazepam, desmethyldiazepam, chlorazepate). For serum a 1:10 dilution, for urine a 1:100 dilution is recommended. Blood and hemolyzed samples need prior extraction by Amberlite XAD-2. The antisera were raised by immunizing "White New Zealand"-rabbits with an oxazepam-3-hemisuccinate bovine serum albumin conjugate. Using 0.1 ml serum dilution the sensitivity is 0.01 mg/l per tube. Especially higher concentrations show a tendency toward underestimation. Being not limited to a single 1,4-benzodiazepine derivative, the specificity of the antisera is also suitable for a screening analysis. Compared to thin-layer chromatographic analysis of urine this assay shows improved sensitivity (0.05--0.1 mg/l in 0.1 ml of a 1:100 dilution = 1 microliter of urine). For forensic investigations, an analysis in the sequence of urine-RIA, blood/serum-RIA, blood/serum-"electron-capture"-gas-liquid chromatography (ECD-GLC) seems to be a helpful approach. Blood levels of diazepam and desmethyldiazepam determined by RIA and GLC after extraction are in satisfactory agreement.
mesh_terms: D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003975:Diazepam / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D003708:Nordazepam / Q000032:analysis; D010076:Oxazepam / Q000276:immunology*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D013386:Succinates / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D013386:Succinates; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003708:Nordazepam; D010076:Oxazepam; D003975:Diazepam
vernacular_title: Ein Screening-Radioimmunoassay für 1,4-Benzodiazepine in menschlichem Blut, Serum und Urin mit Antikörpern gegen Oxazepamhemisuccinat.