title: Current concepts of the aetiology, pathogenesis and pathology of bladder cancer.
abstract: Attention is directed to the information currently available on the pathogenesis of human bladder cancer. The continuum between carcinoma, carcinoma-in-situ and other epithelial abnormalities is noted. Pre-neoplastic lesions are defined as irreversible but not necessarily progressive, and a possible morphologic marker for pre-neoplasia seen with scanning electron microscopy is described.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D005200:FANFT; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D005200:FANFT