title: Reactive force distributions for teeth when loaded singly and when used as fixed partial denture abutments.
abstract: 1. A finite element model was devised to examine mechanical responses of the periodontium to loads applied to the model in vertical, oblique, and horizontal directions for an individual tooth having varied alveolar levels, splinted teeth, and a cantilever type of fixed partial denture. 2. Forces applied to the teeth are balanced by stresses generated within the periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. 3. It was substantiated that the teeth were evolved to carry axial types of loads, since stresses on the periodontium were smaller than those obtained for oblique or horizontal types of loads. Axial types of loads produce compressive stresses on the periodontium; oblique or horizontal types of loads produce zones of compressive and tensile stresses. 4. Mechanically, splinting teeth is a desirable procedure. 5. A cantilever type of fixed partial denture should have at least two abutments. It should not be used to replace more than one tooth.
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D003442:Crowns; D000044:Dental Abutments; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D006047:Gold Alloys; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000502:physiology*; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006047:Gold Alloys