title: Abnormalities among offspring of oral and nonoral contraceptive users.
abstract: An analysis of 223 children born between 1961 and 1965 to 5,465 women in a controlled experiment at the University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, regarding the use of oral and nonoral contraceptives, failed to reveal any statistical differences in birth weight and physical abnormalities between the two contraceptive groups. The mean birth weight for the oral group was 7 pounds, 4.1 ounces, whereas for the nonoral group it was 7 pounds, 5.4 ounces. Abnormal physical findings were 10.7% for the oral group and 16.7% for the nonoral group. A comparison is also made between the two groups with respect to incidence of abnormalities by socioeconomic class and by sex of the child, as well as by the number of pregnancies and age of the mother. No significant differences were noted between the groups as an indication of the effect of oral contraceptives.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology*; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral