Hyperglycemia inhibits glucose production in man independent of changes in glucoregulatory hormones.
To evaluate the influence of hyperglycemia on hepatic glucose output in the absence of a rise in insulin, glucose was infused for 2 hours into six juvenile-onset diabetics receiving a constant infusion of insulin at a rate of 0.05-0.15 microM kg-1min-1. Prior to the infusion of glucose, insulin administration resulted in stable levels of plasma glucose (76 +/- 8 mg/dl) and glucose output (1.9 +/- 0.1 mg kg-1min-1). The addition of glucose produced a 2-3 fold rise in plasma glucose and a prompt fall in glucose output to 0.2-0.4 mg kg-1min-1, despite the unchanged rate of insulin infusion and the absence of a reduction in plasma glucagon or catecholamines. A similar decline in glucose output was observed when exogenous glucagon (1 ng kg-1-min-1) was added to the glucose infusion. We conclude that in the presence of basal insulin levels hyperglycemia inhibits glucose output independent of a rise in insulin or a fall in anti-insulin hormones.
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood*; D005947:Glucose / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002395:Catecholamines; D007328:Insulin; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose