title: Clinical applications of nonoperative T-tube replacement.
abstract: T tubes were successfully reintroduced through previously created drainage tracts in 17 consecutive attempts. The new tubes can re-establish bile flow in a variety of circumstances in avoiding reoperation.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000209:etiology; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000209:etiology; D003135:Common Bile Duct; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007440:Intubation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology