title: Pharmacological characterization of tardive dyskinesia.
abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) may be a clinical manifestation of a relative imbalance between the inversely related dopaminergic (DA) and acetylcholinergic (ACh) influences in the central nervous system (CNS). Six patients were evaluated with single challenge doses of a DA agonist, levodopa, and antagonist, droperidol, as well as with an ACh agonist, physostigmine, an antagonist, benztropine, and a placebo. A single blind trial with deanol and placebo followed. Responses, measured by an electrophysiological technique, formed two subgroups. The patients who improved with a DA antagonist or an ACh agonist improved while taking deanol. Another group of patients were made worse with a DA antagonist or ACh agonist and were worsened or had no response while taking deanol. While the results add support to the concept of counterbalancing DA-ACh influences in TD, further investigation of TD subtypes and predictors of drug response is warranted.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001590:Benztropine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003642:Deanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D004329:Droperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010919:Placebos; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010276:Parasympatholytics; D010919:Placebos; D001590:Benztropine; D003642:Deanol; D007980:Levodopa; D010830:Physostigmine; D004329:Droperidol; D004298:Dopamine