title: Structural and immunochemical studies on D-arabino-D-mannans and D-mannans of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other Mycobacterium species.
abstract: Serologically active D-arabino-D-mannas ([alpha]D, +82 degrees approximately 89 degrees; ratio of D-arabinose to D-mannose, 1-2:1) were isolated from the soluble fraction of disintegrated cells of M. tuberculosis, M. smegmatis, and several other Mycobacterium species. These arabinomannans had similar structures, consisting of alpha-(1 leads to 5)-linked D-arabinose residues and alpha-(1 leads to 6)-, and (1 leads to 2)-linked D-mannose residues. Methylation and enzymic degradation studies using Arthrobacter sp. alpha-D-mannosidase and M-2 enzyme (D-arabinan hydrolase) indicated that the arabinomannan of M. tuberculosis Aoyama B possesses short side chains built up from alpha-(1 leads to 2)-D-mannosidic linkages which are attached to an alpha-(1 leads to 6)-linked mannan back-bone chain. The alpha-(1 leads to 5)-linked D-arabinose residues located in the side chains were shown, by comparison of the immunochemical activities of the native and enzyme-degraded polysaccharides, to be the main immunodeterminants, as in the cell-wall arabinogalactan. There appeared to be variations in the ratio of arabinose and mannose residues, and also in the proportion of (1 leads to 2)-linked D-mannose units, depending on the individual strain; no (1 leads to 2)-mannosidic linkage was found in M. smegmatis arabinomannan. In addition to arabinomannan, a serologically inactive alpha-D-mannan ([alpha)D, +65 degrees approximately 68 degrees), whose structure may resemble that of the core mannan of the arabinomannan, was isolated as a copper hydroxide complex from the soluble fraction of disintegrated mycobacterial cells.
mesh_terms: D001089:Arabinose / Q000032:analysis; D005779:Immunodiffusion; D007700:Kinetics; D008351:Mannans; D008361:Mannosidases / Q000378:metabolism; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000276:immunology*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D008351:Mannans; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D001089:Arabinose; D008361:Mannosidases