Antagonism of cisplatin induced emesis in the dog.
Cisplatin (cis-diammine-dichloro-platinum) administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg iv induced a reproducible and characteristic emetic response in the dog. It was characterized by a latency period (90-120 min) and multiple emetic episodes occuring within 5 hours following drug administration with sporadic delayed emesis later within the first 24 hours. There was a qualitative similarity between the emetic response of Cisplatin seen in dogs and cancer patients. Metoclopramide (1, 3 mg/kg sc) was found to be the most effective antagonsit of Cisplatin emesis in the dog while haloperidol (1 mg/kg sc) and chlorpromazine (0.3, 1, 3 mg/kg sc) offered a less complete protection. Nabilone (0.1 mg/kg iv) and AL-1612 (1 mg/kg sc) failed to to demonstrate any significant activity. A relationship between antagonism patterns of emetic responses induced by Cisplatin and apomorphine was discussed.
D000818:Animals; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004285:Dogs; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000932:Antiemetics; D007211:Indoles; D010880:Piperidines; C001179:AL 1612; C011941:nabilone; D013759:Dronabinol; D006220:Haloperidol; D008787:Metoclopramide; D002945:Cisplatin; D002746:Chlorpromazine