title: Transcorneal flux of topical pilocarpine to the human aqueous.
abstract: Aqueous fluid was withdrawn from eyes of patients undergoing cataract extraction at various intervals after administration of two drops of 2% pilocarpine HCl in a standard manner. Determination of aqueous pilocarpine concentration was made both by spectroscopy of a ferric hydroxylamine complex and by gas-liquid chromatography. Results of both methods were consistent in indicating that concentration does not rise at any time following such topical instillation beyond 5 microgram/ml, with an average of 1.67 microgram/ml, representing a flux efficiency of 0.03%. These findings correlate well with previous investigations of transcorneal flux of pilocarpine for the rabbit in a transport chamber system, in which comparable low flux efficiency was found after simulated drop administration. This serves in some measure to validate an extrapolation of other findings in chamber experiments to the living human eye.
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism*; D004058:Diffusion; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006801:Humans; D006898:Hydroxylamines; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006898:Hydroxylamines; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D010862:Pilocarpine