title: Maxillonasal dysplasia (Binder's syndrome).
abstract: Eleven patients with Binder's syndrome (nasomaxillary hypoplasia) have been treated by the Toronto Craniofacial Team from 1972 to 1977. The treatment has consisted of onlay bone and cartilage grafts to the nose and perialar region for young children, or when the occlusion is normal. However, cases with severe malocclusion were treated by a Le Fort I and/or Le Fort II osteotomy when the children were older. When the malocclusion was less severe, interceptive orthodontics have been useful. The nose can be significantly lengthened and enlarged through a frontal craniotomy incision connected with an upper buccal sulcus incision, without any incision on the face.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002356:Cartilage / Q000601:surgery; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000637:transplantation; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000601:surgery*; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D012272:Ribs / Q000637:transplantation; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D013577:Syndrome; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous