title: Congenital annular constrictions and intrauterine amputations revisited.
abstract: The etiology of annular constrictions and/or intrauterine amputations is believed to be the result of an embryologic developmental defect or of a happenstance mechanical constriction. Evidence drawn from 3 infants and 1 fetus is used to evaluate the above theories. It is concluded that simple mechanical constriction is most likely not the etiology, and that a focal degenerative process is operative, which is consistent with the changes originally described by Streeter. In view of present embryologic concepts, this lesion is not a primary embryologic defect as postulated by Streeter, but a secondary superimposed disease process of unknown etiology.
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000473:pathology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000151:congenital / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D014034:Toes / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology