title: Cytotoxic effects of procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine.
abstract: Cytotoxic effects of procaine, lignocaine and bupivacaine were investigated on cultures of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Cell growth was inhibited over 24 h exposures with an ED50 of 0.17% for procaine, 0.07% for lignocaine and 0.02% for bupivacaine. Cell survival (measured as colony-forming ability) was reduced over 24 h exposure with an ED50 of 0.21% for procaine, 0.09% for lignocaine and 0.06% for bupivacaine. Morphological changes included vacuolation, cell rounding and retraction from the surface on which the cells were growing. Motility was reduced to about 50% of control by lignocaine 0.1%. On removal of the local anaesthetics, cell growth was resumed after about 15 h without evidence of chromosome damage. Corresponding changes induced by inhalation anaesthetics are only seen at two to three times the minimal alveolar concentration required for anaesthesia.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011343:Procaine; D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine