Pharmacokinetics of intravenous amikacin after rapid and slow infusion with special reference to hemodialysis.
The pharmacokinetics of amikacin, a recently introduced aminoglycoside structurally related to kanamycin, were determined in healthy volunteers after rapid and slow constant-rate intravenous administration of a 7.5 mg/kg dose. The elimination profile of amikacin can be described by two compartment open model kinetics. Peripheral distribution of the drug is extremely rapid, and beta-phase concentrations decay with a half-life averaging about 2 hours, while inter-compartmental equilibrium is achieved in a little over 30 minutes. The volume of distribution averages about 25% of body weight. During hemodialysis, amikacin extraction from the blood reaches 97% +/- 17% (mean +/- 95% confidence interval) that of creatinine and 89% +/- 20% that of blood urea nitrogen. A method of administration adapted to the kinetic properties of the antibiotic is proposed.
D000328:Adult; D000583:Amikacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D001711:Biotransformation; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013997:Time Factors
D007612:Kanamycin; D000583:Amikacin