title: Renal effects of mannitol in the early stage of glycerol-induced acute renal failure in the rat.
abstract: The effects of mannitol on the hemodynamics and excretory function of the kidney in control rats and in rats with acute renal failure (ARF), induced by glycerol, were studied using clearance, micropuncture and flowmeter techniques. In control animals, 20% mannitol significantly increased renal blood flow (RBF), urinary volume and sodium excretion and decreased urinary sodium concentration and fractional tubular sodium reabsorption. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective filtration pressure remained unchanged. 50% glycerol (10 ml/kg bw) was injected intramuscularly in other groups of rats to induce ARF. Functional impairment of the glycerol-treated animals consisted in a significant decrease in urinary sodium concentration, RBF, GFR and effective filtration pressure of superficial nephrons. Urea concentration in arterial plasma and urine volume increased significantly. Infusion of 20% mannitol into these animals led to a significant further decrease in GFR and net filtration pressure, but not in RBF. Urine volume increased to the same degree as in controls.
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D008353:Mannitol; D005990:Glycerol