title: Human language cortex: localization of memory, syntax, and sequential motor-phoneme identification systems.
abstract: Subdivisions of the human peri-Sylvian language cortex were derived from stimulation mapping during craniotomies under local anesthesia. Naming, reading, short-term verbal memory, single and sequential orofacial movements, and phoneme identification were tested. Sequential orofacial movements and phoneme identification were altered from the same brain sites and thus identified a common system for language production and understanding. This system surrounded a final motor pathway for speech and was surrounded by a separate short-term verbal-memory system. Between the sequential motor-phoneme identification and memory systems were sites where only naming or reading were altered, including sites related exclusively by syntax.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005145:Face; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement; D011187:Posture; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*