Material effects in shear-induced hemolysis.
A rotating-disk apparatus for shearing blood was employed to compare 22 materials for their tendency to cause hemolysis during standardized low-stress (130 dynes/cm2 maximum) laminar flow conditions. Rigid plastics, hydrogels, and carbons were among the materials tested. Time-independent ranking of the materials was possible for 75% of the data; these rankings correlated linearly (for polymers) with the critical surface tension gammac over the range 20--46 dyne/cm, with low gammac being associated with low hemolysis. Surface morphology was also found to influence hemolysis. Roughness in the 1--15 micron range had a distinct effect on hemolysis kinetics for polyethylene surfaces. This suggest that failure to find time-independence in 25% of the material rankings can be attributed to inadequate control of the roughness variable. It also emphasizes the importance of surface morphology, as well as surface chemistry, as a biocompatibility parameter.
D000178:Acrylamides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001769:Blood; D005782:Gels; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D008670:Metals; D010969:Plastics; D011108:Polymers; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D012212:Rheology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
D000178:Acrylamides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005782:Gels; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008670:Metals; D010969:Plastics; D011108:Polymers; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride