title: Urinary excretion of oligosaccharides induced by galactose given orally or intravenously.
abstract: The effect of oral administration of galactose, lactose, and sucrose and intravenous injection of galactose on the urinary excretion of blood-group-active oligosaccharides has been studied. Galactose given either as the free sugar, a glycoside (lactose) or a constituent of normal diet was an absolute requirement for the formation and excretion of A-trisaccharide, B-trisaccharide and 2'-fucosylgalactose in blood group A, B and O(H) secretors, respectively. Great individual variation was seen in the amounts of galactose-dependent oligosaccharides excreted. Injection of galactose resulted in excretion of 3-59% of the amount of oligosaccharide formed after oral administration to the same individual. The mean ratio A-trisaccharide/B-trisaccharide was 2.7 in four blood-group-A1B secretors and 0.22 in three A2B secretors and can thus serve as a parameter for chemical differentiation between the two blood groups. The excretion of larger blood-group-active oligosaccharides, including the A-pentasaccharide, the B-pentasaccharide and lactodifucotetraose, that are normal components in urine from, respectively, starved A, B, and H secretors, was about the same after oral administration of galactose or lactose. The B-trisaccharide was the only oligosaccharide detected in plasma after oral galactose administration to a blood-group-B secretor individual. The concentration was 0.38 mg/l of plasma.
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000652:urine; D005643:Fucose / Q000652:urine; D005690:Galactose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000652:urine*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D004187:Disaccharides; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D005643:Fucose; D013395:Sucrose; D007785:Lactose; D005690:Galactose