title: Initiation of the blastogenic response of lymphocytes by hyperoptimal concentrations of concanavalin A.
abstract: The blastogenic response of human lymphocytes in vitro to hyperoptimal concentrations of concanavalin A (Con A) has been studied by means of volume spectroscopy (measuring cellular and nuclear volume), flow cytofluorometry (measuring cellular DNA content) and incorporation of [3H]thymidine ([3H]dThd). The optimal Con A dose with respect to [3H]dThd incorporation was about 30 micrograms/ml. In cultures given hyperoptimal doses, e.g. 100 micrograms/ml, [3H]dThd incorporation was strongly inhibited, whereas the number of cells entering S-phase and significantly increasing their cellular and nuclear volume was considerably larger than with 30 micrograms/ml. With 200 micrograms/ml Con A, which induced negligible [3H]dThd incorporation, the percentage of responding cells was even larger. Hence, doses of Con A, which were hyperoptimal with regard to [3H]dThd incorporation, induced blastogenic response, including DNA synthesis, in a larger percentage of the cells than did the optimal dose. However, in cultures with hyperoptimal Con A doses, the progression of the cell cycle stagnated mainly during S- and G2-phase and few cells completed mitosis. Thus, the blocking effect of hyperoptimal doses was not confined to any particular point of the cell cycle. The reduced [3H]dTd incorporation, seen with hyperoptimal doses, is attributed partly to a failure of this assay under such conditions.
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D003208:Concanavalin A; D004247:DNA; D013936:Thymidine