title: Correlation between pregnancy diagnosis by membrane slip and embryonic mortality.
abstract: In a study involving 7,477 pregnant cows (5,426 Holstein-Friesians and 2,051 Guernseys), each pregnancy was diagnosed by rectal palpation, using the membrane slip technique. Each cow was examined twice, first by a veterinary student, then by a clinician. Of the cows diagnosed pregnant, 7,058 (94.4%) calved. The embryonic death rate in cows examined during the first 50 days of gestation was significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than that associated with examinations after 50 days of gestation. A significant difference was found between herds in different years (P less than 0.05). There was no conclusive indication that embryonic loss at the time of or shortly after early examination was iatrogenic abortion resulting from the membrane slip technique.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005865:Gestational Age; D010173:Palpation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011258:Pregnancy Tests / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012007:Rectum