Airway cooling. Stimulus for exercise-induced asthma.
Five patients were studied using a randomly assigned sequence of four inspired-air conditions during strenuous treadmill exercise for 10 min. The four inspired-air conditions were: (1) Cool, dry room air (CDA) at 23 degrees C with 3 mg of water and 7.3 cal of heat content/l, (2) over-saturated air (OSA) at room temperature containing 43 mg water and 16.3 cal/l, (3) hot, dry air (HDA) at 120 degrees C having 3 mg water and 24.4 cal/l, and (4) warm, humidified air (WHA) at 37 degrees C with 43 mg water and 34.7 cal/l. Using inspired-air CDA and OSA, all patients manifested exercise-induced asthma (EIA) while forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) decreased to an average of 81% and 63% of the baseline when breathing CDA and to 83% and 71% of the baseline when breathing OSA. With WHA, EIA was clearly prevented while the post-exercise FEV1 and MMEF were 101% and 103% of baseline, respectively. With HDA, the post-exercise FEV1 and MMEF were 95% and 86% of baseline, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed that the post-exercise pulmonary function changes had resulted solely from respiratory heat loss and not from water loss or from interaction of heat and water losses. These results indicate that exercise-induced asthma is associated with airway cooling incurred during exercise rather than airway dehydration.
D000293:Adolescent; D000388:Air; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology*; D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D002648:Child; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D008450:Maximal Midexpiratory Flow Rate; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013696:Temperature; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible