title: [Middle and inner ear barotrauma caused by scubadiving (author's transl)].
abstract: On the basis of our own experiences and the current literature, the following guidelines were established for the evaluation of scubadivers: 1. The ENT physical examination must include otoscopy and the valsalva manoeuver. The scubadiver should be able to promptly and symmetrically inflate his middle ear spaces. A central perforation is a relative contraindication, while a marginal ear drum perforation is an absolute contraindication for scubadiving. 2. Recommendations to the diver: Ear pressure equalibration should be performed continuously with increasing and decreasing water depth. Ear plugs should never be used. 3. Management of diving injuries: Barotitis should be treated in a manner similar to acute otitis media. Transient vertigo while ascending (alternobaric vertigo) without nystagmus or hearing impairment needs no further vestibular examination. A middle ear exploration is indicated when there is suspicion of a perilymphatic fistula.
mesh_terms: D001469:Barotrauma / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004242:Diving; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000293:injuries*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000293:injuries*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010100:Oxygen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000293:injuries; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen
vernacular_title: Das Barotrauma des Mittel- und des Innenohres beim Sporttauchen.