The direct influence of electromagnetic fields on nerve- and muscle cells of man within the frequency range of 1 Hz to 30 MHz.
By using several biophysical approximations and considering man as free space model limiting order-of-magnitude values for external electric and magnetic field strengths which may be hazardous for human beings were calculated. Danger may occur by excitation processes below 30 kHz for field strengths exceeding these limiting values; for frequencies larger than 60 kHz, thermal effects are predominant before excitation occurs. The external electric field strength necessary for causing action potentials in the central nervous system exceeds by far the corona forming level. But excitation is possible by strong alternating magnetic fields. Furthermore, by comparing the electrically and magnetically induced currents with the naturally flowing currents in man caused by the brain's and heart's electrical activity, a "lower boundary-line" was estimated. Regarding electric or magnetic field strengths undercutting this boundary-line, direct effects on the central nervous system may be excluded. Other mechanisms should be responsible for demonstrated biological effects.
D000200:Action Potentials; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological