title: An epidemic of meningococcal infection at Zaria, Northern Nigeria. 3. Meningococcal carriage.
abstract: Meningococcal carriage was studied in household contacts of patients with group A meningococcal disease and in controls. The carriage rate of group A meningococci among 1,098 household contacts was low (3.8%) and only slightly higher than the carriage rate found among 416 controls (2.6%). However, higher carrier rates were found among those in close contact with a patient. Carriage was found most frequently among children and young adults and was commoner in adult females than in adult males. Sulphonamides had no effect on carriage and all 60 strains tested in vitro were resistant to sodium sulphadiazine at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002353:Carrier State / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D009549:Nigeria; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins; D013449:Sulfonamides; D002701:Chloramphenicol