title: Effect of vacuum fluctuation during milking on the development of intramammary infection from teat duct colonization by Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Twelve of twenty-one udder quarters with colonized teat ducts became infected within 13 d when milked with a machine producing large cyclic and irregular vacuum fluctuations in the teatcup; of 23 quarters milked under the same conditions, but with metal shields fitted inside the liners to protect the teat apex (Thiel, 1974), only 2 quarters became infected in the same period. The introduction of a post-milking teat disinfectant teat dip resulted in the elimination of orifice colonization from 15 teats dipped in Na hypochlorite solution (40 g/l available chlorine) and from all but 2 of 15 teats dipped in an iodophor solution (5 g/l available iodine).
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003612:Dairying / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000382:microbiology*; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014618:Vacuum