title: Short-term effects of energy density on salivation, hunger and appetite in obese subjects.
abstract: Obese patients were admitted to a metabolic unit for weight loss. On two paired-test days subjects were given disguised preloads of 100 kcal (0.42MJ) or 300 kcal (1.26MJ). When presented with a meal one hour after the preload, subjects salivated more and reported more hunger, but not appetite, after the low compared to the high preload. A different group of 14 subjects were given preloads of the same energy content (200 kcal, 0.84MJ) on paired-test days. On one day they took 1 g methyl cellulose with 100 ml water drink immediately before the preload. Neither the energy-dilution effect of the water, nor the effect of the methyl cellulose caused a significant decrease in salivation, hunger or appetite scores one hour after the preloads of equal energy content. These results show that salivation and hunger are inversely related to short-term changes in energy intake in obese subjects. Alterations in energy density without changing energy intake or the ingestion of methyl cellulose have no effect on salivation, hunger or appetite.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001066:Appetite / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger / Q000502:physiology*; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D008747:Methylcellulose