title: Synergistic effect of polyriboinosinic acid:polyribocytidylic acid and either bacterial peptidoglycans or synthetic N-acetylmuramyl peptides on production of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
abstract: Lewis rats developed polyarthritis after a single injection of a water-in-oil emulsion containing various peptidoglycans (PGs) derived from Lactobacillus plantarum. A copolymer of polyriboinosinic acid and polyribocytidylic acid markedly potentiated the arthritogenicity of these PGs. The synthetic adjuvants N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln) and MurNAc-L-Ala-D-Gln were non-arthritogenic, but they did produce severe arthritis when mixed in a water-in-oil emulsion with a copolymer of polyriboinosinic acid and polyribocytidylic acid. Substitution of either L-isoGln or D-isoAsn for the D-isoGln in the MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln markedly reduced its capacity to induce the disease. Taken together with the results of skin testing against various PGs and MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln in the diseased rats, the present results suggest that (i) a minimal essential structure required for development of polyarthritis is related to a larger molecule than either MurNAc-L-Ala-D-isoGln or a monomer of PG, probably to a dimer of PG, and (ii) an antigenic determinant(s) for the delayed-type skin hypersensitivity to PGs exists on a common structure shared among these PGs, possibly somewhere on a monomer of PG not on N-acetylmuramyl peptides.
mesh_terms: D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / Q000276:immunology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000209:etiology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000276:immunology*; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology; D007778:Lactobacillus; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology*; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D006020:Glycopeptides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D000119:Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine; D011070:Poly I-C