Biomechanics of the femoral component of total hip prostheses with particular reference to the stress in the bone-cement.
Two-dimensional finite element analyses were used to determine the normal and shear stress distributions at the prostheses-cement and cement-bone interfaces in the femoral component of a total hip replacement. Various combinations of stem, cement and bone stiffnesses were investigated. In particular the influences of stem taper, cement stiffness, prosthesis stiffness and the effect of a plateau, on the cement stresses were examined and compared. It was particulary noticeable that the normal direct stress across the cement in the proximal region of the stem, both literally and medially, as generally compressive. It was found that the more flexible the cement the more uniform were the stress distributions. Furthermore, these stresses increase as the stiffness of the stem decreases.
D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001843:Bone Cements; D004548:Elasticity; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014783:Viscosity
D001843:Bone Cements