Tracheal pathology following short-term intubation with low- and high-pressure endotracheal tube cuffs.
Histologic sections of dog tracheas were taken from 20 dogs anesthetized and intubated for 5 to 7 hours with high-pressure, low-volume Shiley or low-pressure, high-volume Lanz endo-tracheal tubes. Microscopic examination and measurement showed that while the high-pressure, low-volume cuff produced deeper average mucosal erosion, the large-volume, low-pressure cuff resulted in significantly  greater lengths of tracheal mucosa-cuff erosion. Maximal depth of penetration throught the basement membrane was similar in both groups. Grooves in the mucosa were seen in 50% of the high-volume-cuff trachea sections but none of the low-volume-cuff tracheal sections. These findings demonstrate that low-pressure, high-volume endotracheal tube cuffs produce different but significant tracheal damage after short-term intubation when compared to high-pressure, low-volume cuffs.
D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D011312:Pressure; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology*