title: Ureteral complications after intravesical formalin instillation.
abstract: Results of formalin therapy for hemorrhage owing to post-radiation cystitis have been studied with special reference to the frequency and severity of ureteral complications. Gross bleeding stopped in 25 of 27 patients within 48 hours. However, 5 patients became anuric immediately after the instillation and in another 7 patients a transient increase in the serum creatinine level was observed. Urinary diversion was necessary in 11 of the 27 patients. The complication rate in the present study is considerably higher than reported previously. Complications may be explained by vesicoureteral reflux of a too strong formalin-alcohol solution. To avoid future complications we suggest that 1) a high diuresis should be induced peroperatively, 2) a 1 to 2 per cent formalin solution without alcohol should be used and 3) the instillation pressure should not exceed 15 cm. water.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001002:Anuria / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006417:Hematuria / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012996:Solutions; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D005557:Formaldehyde; D000431:Ethanol