title: Appraisal of parental bias in twin studies. Ascribed zygosity and IQ differences in twins.
abstract: A criticism of twin studies has been that the difference between the behavioral similarities of identical and fraternal twins is largely created by parental influences based on their perception of the twins' zygosity. This issue is examined for differences in the IQ scores found within pairs classified by parents and bloodtyping. The systematic differences in IQ scores could be attributed to zygosity classified by bloodtyping rather than by parental belief. The available evidence indicates that the twin method is still appropriate for human behavior genetics.
mesh_terms: D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005824:Genetics, Behavioral; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic