title: The effect of harmaline on intestinal sodium transport and on sodium-dependent D-glucose transport in brush-border membrane vesicles from rabbit jejunum.
abstract: Harmaline inhibition of sodium uptake and of sodium-dependent D-glucose transport was investigated using brush-border membrane vesicles from frozen rabbit jejunum. Under sodium-gradient conditions, "initial" D-glucose uptake (20 s) was inhibited by harmaline at concentrations above 0.5 mM, but at lower harmaline concentrations D-glucose uptake was stimulated by 10--15%. When a similar potassium gradient was used, harmaline had no effect. At concentrations up to 2 mM, harmaline did not alter the equilibrium uptake of D-glucose or D-mannitol. After pre-equilibration with sodium (25 mM), G-glucose uptake was inhibited at harmaline concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2 mM. Sodium (10 mM) uptake was also inhibited by harmaline. Increasing the sodium concentration reduced the inhibitory effect of harmaline on tracer sodium uptake as well as on sodium-dependent D-glucose uptake. Similar to phlorizin, harmaline (1 mM) was able to prevent glucose-induced sodium influx across the brush-border membrane. Sodium uptake into brush-border membrane vesicles seems to be inhibited at lower harmaline concentrations than sodium-dependent D-glucose uptake. At high (2 mM) inhibitor concentrations, however, sodium-dependent glucose uptake is more strongly inhibited than sodium uptake. These results suggest that harmaline inhibits both sodium and sodium-dependent transport across intestinal brush-border membranes by interacting with specific sodium-binding sites.
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006246:Harmaline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000378:metabolism; D008871:Microvilli / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D012964:Sodium; D006246:Harmaline; D005947:Glucose