title: Long-term analgesic effects of inescapable shock and learned helplessness.
abstract: Although exposure to inescapable shocks induced analgesia in rats, the analgesia was not manifest 24 hours later. A brief reexposure to shock, however, restored the analgesia. This reexposure to shock had an analgesic effect only if the rats had been shocked 24 hours previously. Further, long-term analgesic effects depended on the controllability of the original shocks and not on shock exposure per se. Implications of these results for learned helplessness and stress-induced analgesia are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D004597:Electroshock; D006801:Humans; D051381:Rats; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors