title: Studies on water vapor pressure gradient from external air through clothing to the skin in relation to external humidity and clothing conditions.
abstract: Using a hygrometric capsule method developed by the authors, water vapor pressure was measured at each layer of clothing as well as at the skin surface on a human subject under actual wearing conditions. The pattern of vapor pressure gradient from the skin surface through clothing to the external air was examined in relation to the ambient vapor pressure and ths sort of textiles worn. The following findings were obtained. 1) Water vapor pressure gradient was greater between coat and external air than that between coat and underwear. The gradient became steeper again between underwear and the skin. 2) Under given clothing conditions, vapor pressure at each layer of clothing as well as at the skin varied according to the ambient humidity. However, the pattern of vapor pressure gradient from the skin through clothing to the external air was not greatly influenced by the external humidity. 3) The pattern of vapor pressure gradient from the skin through clothing to the external air was not greatly influenced by the external humidity. 3) The pattern of vapor pressure gradient through the clothing as a whole differed according to the kinds of textiles used for coat and underwear.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003020:Clothing; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D012867:Skin; D013784:Textiles