title: The value of observation as adjunct to the objective-subjective examination.
abstract: A new approach is presented to the refractive procedure by adding observation, both surreptitious and direct, as an adjunct, an aid and a supplement to differential diagnosis in a refractive examination and in visual analysis.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D011187:Posture; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014103:Torticollis / Q000150:complications; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*