title: Syndrome of hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. Study of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Two patients with chronic mild to moderate renal failure presenting with unexplained hyperkalemia were studied, and found to have hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. Hyperkalemia, generally uncommon in nonoliguric stable renal failure, resulted from the combination of apparent insensitivity of the diseased kidney to aldosterone and variable degrees of impairment in the reninaldosterone axis. The clinical picture, the methods of establishing the diagnosis, the therapeutic alternatives and the possible pathogenetic mechanisms involved are described.
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000172:deficiency*; D003450:Cryoglobulins; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000209:etiology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010265:Paraproteinemias / Q000150:complications; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood*; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D003450:Cryoglobulins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D000450:Aldosterone; D012083:Renin