title: The liver: a pharmacologic perspective.
abstract: One of the may vital functions of the liver is the biodegradation of foreign substances. The enzyme systems responsible for this liver function are frequently the site of drug interactions, both therapeutic and detrimental. Various substances can alter these enzymes by inducing, inhibiting, or competing with them, thus affecting drug response. In most instances, the liver detoxifies and deactivates chemicals, protecting the body from their harmful effects. In some biotransformation processes, however, toxic metabolites are produced that may be injurious to liver tissue as well as other body organs and systems. The effect of alcohol on the liver is a prime example. Although significant strides have been made in recent years, much is yet to be learned concerning the effect of the liver on drugs, the effect of drugs on the liver, and the pharmacologic management of various liver diseases.
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000506:poisoning; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D007792:Lactulose / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009355:Neomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014667:Vasopressins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014667:Vasopressins; D013148:Spironolactone; D000431:Ethanol; D007792:Lactulose; D007980:Levodopa; D000079:Acetaldehyde; D009355:Neomycin