Effects of smoking on free recall and organization.
Habitual smokers smoked either nicotine-free cigarettes or cigarettes containing a known amount of nicotine and then engaged in a free-recall task. Nicotine subjects recalled significantly fewer words on a 75-item list during three successive trials of immediate recall than did nicotine-free subjects. Contrary to expectations, the superiority of the nonnicotine group persisted over two days. The two groups displayed comparable organizational activity (indexed by category clustering).
D000328:Adult; D001245:Association Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012907:Smoking / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors
D009538:Nicotine