title: Intraocular hemorrhages: a hemostatic therapeutic approach.
abstract: Our knowledge of the local hemostatic factors capable of playing a role in certain intraocular hemorrhages is reviewed as a background to therapy with agents active in hemostasis. Common to hyphemas and subretinal hemorrhages are some conditions which are apt to disturb hemostasis and result in recurrent bleeding. They are: 1) Dilution of blood by aqueous humor or subretinal exudative fluid followed by the formation of hemostatic plugs which are prone to spontaneous lysis; 2) Contiguity of certain structures, such as the iris and the choroid, which are extremely rich in fibrinolytic activators favoring premature dissolution of the hemostatic plug and thereby recurrent bleeding; and 3) Presumptive high local concentration of fibrin degradation products (FDP), which have an anticoagulant action and would counteract hemostasis in the event of rebleeding. Based on these observations, the use of fibrinolytic inhibitors for the treatment of hyphema and subretinal hemorrhages seems warranted. Hemostatic mechanisms in intraocular hemorrhages and their treatment with various agents are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006988:Hyphema / Q000503:physiopathology; D012008:Recurrence; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006490:Hemostatics