title: Ophthalmic ointments.
abstract: The use of ointments as an ocular drug vehicle adds an important dimension to topical therapy. Ointments are well tolerated, fairly safe, and provide an excellent means for enhanced ocular contact time. In the case of certain antibiotics, this improved contact time yields increased ocular drug levels. However, experimental data indicate that corticosteroid ointments do not penetrate into the eye as well as do suspension preparations. This may relate to the binding of the drug to the ointment base and also to the particular steroid compound. Like other ophthalmic preparations, ointments may become contaminated. Ophthalmic ointments should not be instilled into eyes with open wounds. Instillation of ointments into postoperative eyes where wound closure is secure appears to be safe and effective.
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D004655:Emulsions / Q000009:adverse effects; D005123:Eye / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006801:Humans; D009823:Ointment Bases / Q000009:adverse effects; D009824:Ointments; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000378:metabolism; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004655:Emulsions; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009823:Ointment Bases; D009824:Ointments; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles