title: Late complications vs. method of treatment in a large series of mid-facial fractures.
abstract: The late presence of contour defects, as well as one eye being lower than the other, were directly related to a lack of interosseous wire fixation in this series of mid-facial fractures. In orbital floor fractures, the use of alloplastic material was found to give more satisfactory long-term results than bone grafts. The direct approach through the lower lid produced no complications of its own in this series. Associated injuries and preexisting disease were found in 61 percent of these patients, supporting the thesis that an M.D. should direct their care. The late presence of diplopia and/or enophthalmos was directly related to an underestimation and undertreatment of orbital floor fractures, or to treatment with bone grafts. The use of a shoulder strap, in conjunction with the lap belt, seems to almost completely prevent the occurrence of mid-facial fractures in automobile accidents.
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D010969:Plastics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012622:Seat Belts; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics