[Prevention of ocular toxicity of ethambutol: study of zincaemia and chromatic analysis (author's transl)].
In order to define the means of prevention of the ocular toxicity of ethambutol (EMB), 72 patients under treatment with EMB-INH-Rifampicin combination were subjected to systematic analysis of plasma, blood and urinary zinc levels together with a full ophthalmic examination. Comparison of the results from 12 patients sustaining ocular damage at the time of treatment with the results of 60 others: 1) demonstrates the existence of a correlation between plasma zinc levels before treatment and the probability of ocular damage from EMB (high risk for zinc is less than 0.70 mg/l - almost no risk for zinc greater than 1 mg/l); 2) confirms that dyschromatopsia is one of the first signs of ocular damage through EMB and thus constitutes an alarm signal; 3) suggests that the ocular toxicity of EMB might appear in the retina before the optic nerve.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003118:Color Perception; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine
D004977:Ethambutol; D015032:Zinc
Prévention de la toxicité oculaire de l'éthambutol: intérêt de la zincémie et de l'analyse du sens chromatique.