title: Ocular perforation following retrobulbar anesthesia for retinal detachment surgery.
abstract: We encountered three examples of the perforation of the globe by the retrobulbar needle in a series of 4,000 patients who had undergone retinal reattachment surgery with local anesthesia. The presence of significant myopia was a contributing factor in all three cases. We managed the perforation site through the detached retina with cryopexy and external tamponade, and we treated perforations through the attached retinas either with cryopexy at surgery or photocoagulation postoperatively.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012591:Scleral Buckling
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local