title: A re-examination of parturition scars on the human female pelvis.
abstract: Pits, cavities and depressions located on the dorsal surface of the pubic symphysis of females have been attributed to the trauma of parturition. Earlier research based on human skeletal remains provides inadequate information on the individual's obstetrical history. The 68 female pubic bones that were studied had comprehensive medical records indicating whether or not each female had given birth. Fourteen and one-half percent of the females who had not given birth exhibited trace to small scarring of the pubic symphysis and 23.4% of the females who had not given birth exhibited medium to large scarring. It is suggested that bony changes previously used as an indicator of child bearing must be re-examined in light of the fact that "birth scarring" has been found in women known not to have had children.
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011630:Pubic Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology*