title: Immediate changes of the electroencephalograms after intravenous injection of clonazepam and their relation to its effect on clinical fits in children with minor seizures.
abstract: Immediate EEG changes after intravenous administration of clonazepam and a correlation between the EEG changes and the effect of oral administration of the drug were studied in 21 children with minor seizures whose interictal EEG showed a paroxysmal abnormality. In 13 cases of infantile spasms whose EEG showed hypasrhythmia, paroxysmal discharges were completely or remarkably suppressed in 4 cases, partially suppressed in 3 cases, but not improved in 6 cases. Suppression bursts pattern was less improved. In 5 cases of Lennox syndrome, paroxysmal discharges were markedly improved in 3 cases. In a case of petit mal absence, parxoxysmal discharges were completely suppressed. In all 5 cases whose EEGs were completely improved, paroxysmal discharges reappeared 7 to 30 min after the intravenous injection. In 2 out of the 5 cases, paroxysmal discharges became severer at reappearance than before the injection. Among 12 cases whose EEG showed an improvement after the intravenous injection, their clinical seizures were improved in 9 cases, but the clinical effect was mostly transient. In the majority of the cases whose EEGs were not improved, no clinical effect was observed. There was a highly significant correlation between immediate EEG changes and clinical effect of clonazepam (p less than 0.02 by the chi-square test).
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001570:Benzodiazepinones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D001570:Benzodiazepinones; D002998:Clonazepam