Mechanism of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with neoplasia.
The disappearance rate (k) of i.v. glucose was measured in cachectic and non-cachectic cancer patients and tumour-free controls. The respective k values were found to be 1.06 +/- 0.27 (mean +/- s.d.), 1.64 +/- 0.34 and 1.63 +/- 0.23. Of the other parameters measured, only plasma albumin level was found to vary significantly amongst the 3 categories, the mean level being the lowest in cachectic cancer patients. The means of total plasma protein, fasting blood glucose and plasma liver enzyme concentrations were similar in the 3 groups. Glucagon, a potent insulin secretogogue, failed to augment the fasting insulin level in cachectic but did so in non-cachectic cancer patients. Taken together, the findings suggest that the reduced glucose tolerance in patients with neoplasia is due to impairment of insulin release exhibited predominantly by ill-nourished advanced cancer patients having a moderate to sever degree of hypoalbuminemia.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002100:Cachexia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004798:Enzymes; D007328:Insulin; D012709:Serum Albumin; D005934:Glucagon