title: Paralytic action of manganese in the dog.
abstract: Manganese is reported to interfere with transmitter release at a number of neuroeffector junctions. This effect is apparently related to competition between manganese and calcium for sites on the prejunctional terminals. Thus manganese can block the entry of calcium into the prejunctional terminals, an essential step in the excitation-secretion process. 5-Hydroxytryptamine, epinephrine, neostigmine, potassium chloride and calcium chloride have been investigated with respect to antagonism to partial paralysis induced with manganese chloride in canine peronealtibialis anterior, nerve-muscle preparations. Close intra-arterial injection of any of these substances manifested some degree of antagonism to manganese partial paralysis. Calcium was found to be the most effective antagonist. Post-tetanic facilitation was demonstrated during partial manganese block. Manganese was found to be seven times more effective than magnesium in producing paralysis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008345:Manganese / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009388:Neostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010243:Paralysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D009388:Neostigmine; D008345:Manganese; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D008274:Magnesium; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D004837:Epinephrine