Mouse skin carcinogenicity tests of the flame retardants tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, and polyvinyl bromide.
The flame retardants tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride, and polyvinyl bromide were tested for carcinogenic activity by skin application 3 times weekly in random-bred female ICR/Ha Swiss mice for 420 to 496 days. Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate at two dose levels (30 mg and 10 mg/application) induced benign and malignant tumors of the skin, forestomach, and oral cavity (tongue and gingiva) in a statistically significant number of mice (30/group). A statistically significant incidence of papillary tumors of the lung was observed at both dosages, and the higher dose also resulted in one mouse with a tubular adenoma of the kidney. Tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (2 mg/application, 60 mice) and polyvinyl bromide (0.1 ml latex suspension/application, 30 mice) were inactive. Polyvinyl bromide was also injected s.c. into another group of female ICR/Ha Swiss mice once weekly for 48 weeks, and the mice were observed for a total of 60 weeks. Liposarcomas were induced in 19 of 30 mice, which was ascribed to physical carcinogenesis. Appropriate solvent and no-treatment control groups were included.
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000633:toxicity*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D000432:Methanol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000633:toxicity*; D010212:Papilloma / Q000139:chemically induced; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000633:toxicity*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced
D005411:Flame Retardants; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D010755:Organophosphates; D011145:Polyvinyls; C012085:tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate; C016686:polyvinyl bromide; D000432:Methanol