title: Immunization against anaplasmosis and babesiosis. Part II. Evaluation of cryo-preserved vaccines using different doses and routes of inoculation.
abstract: Anaplasma marginale, Babesia argentina and Babesia bigemina infected blood used as vaccines for immunization trials in Valle del Cauca, were preserved with 4 Molar Dimethyl-Sulfoxide (4M DMSO) and stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). The effectivity of the vaccines was determined in 87 healthy calves utilizing serial 10-fold dilutions. The effects of dose, inoculation routes, time and temperature were determined. The minimum infective dose for A. marginale was 10(-3) (2 x 10(6)) when 2 ml of vaccine were given intravenously (i.v.). The same dose when given subcutaneously (s.c.) was not infective. The 10(-2) dilution (2 x 10(7)) was infective when given through both routes, however, the incubation periods were statistically different. The average incubation period using 2 ml s.c. was 30 days, but when the dose was increased to 5 ml and given s.c. the average incubation period decreased to 22 days. The minimum infective doses for b. bigemina and B. argentina were 10(-1) dilutions (4 x 10(-7)) and 10(-2) (4 x 16(6)) respectively, when 2 ml of vaccines were injected i.v.. Infectivity was also recorded when Babesia spp. vaccines were injected s.c. at dosages of 5 ml of dilution 10(-1) (1 x 10(-8)).
mesh_terms: D000709:Anaplasma / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000712:Anaplasmosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D001403:Babesia / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002417:Cattle; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005615:Freezing; D007114:Immunization; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014612:Vaccines; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide