title: [Effective use of rapid tests to evaluate the mutagenicity of environmental chemicals].
abstract: Efficiency of short-term tests for mutagenicity with the use of various Salmonella strains is conditioned by a high sensitivity and a prompt answer. Besides, these tests are valuable because they permit to evaluate quickly a probable cancerogenic activity of the tested chemicals, as there is a high degree of correlation between the mutagenic and cancerogenic response for a great number of chemicals. However, whatever results are obtained with the use of short-term tests, questions arise about the relative force of a mutagenic activity, the spectrum of induced genetic damage, relative frequency of each type of damages, the danger of such a damage for an individual, probability of a successful transmission of each type of damage to the following generation. And the main problem which investigators are facing in this field is the prognostic value of information on the mutagenic activity which is obtained from these tests for the evaluation of risk from the effects of chemicals on human population. The answers to these questions may be got only by means of tests on eukaryotes, as they might give more complete data concerning both quantitative and qualitative effects.
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D012475:Salmonella / Q000235:genetics; D014116:Toxicology / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009153:Mutagens
vernacular_title: Effektivnoe ispol' zovanie bystrykh testov dlia otsenki na mutagennost' khimicheskikh veshchestv okruzhaiushcheĭ sredy.