title: Clinical disorders of sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfur metabolism. Diagnostic approach in children.
abstract: Information concerning normal concentrations of serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and sulfate as well as clinically useful data concerning absorption and excretion of these physiologically important ions are reviewed. Clinical approaches to diagnosis of these electrolyte disturbances are summarized with special emphasis on interpretation and treatment of some of these disorders in children.
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000652:urine; D002648:Child; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003681:Dehydration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000097:blood; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism*; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D004573:Electrolytes; D013431:Sulfates; D013455:Sulfur; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium