title: Toxic and allergic manifestations of antimicrobials.
abstract: All antimicrobial drugs may produce toxic and allergic reactions. Penicillins and cephalosporins cause the greatest number of allergic reactions and should not be used for treatment of minor infections in patients with a history of an adverse reaction. If no alternative antibiotic will suffice for treatment of a serious infection, skin testing is necessary. Two commonly used antimicrobials, clindamycin and isoniazid, can have potentially fatal toxic effects.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000009:adverse effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000009:adverse effects; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000009:adverse effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D010406:Penicillins / Q000009:adverse effects; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010406:Penicillins; D002981:Clindamycin; D007538:Isoniazid