title: [Instrumental conditioned reflexes to salt and acid stimuli in carp].
abstract: In experiments on unrestrained carps, a comparative study was made of the analysis of different concentrations of NaCl and HCl (starting with threshold ones) by means of instrumental conditioned reflexes, aimed at eliminating harmful chemical stuffs from water medium. Salt concentrations, in response to which the formation of a conditioned reflex is possible (3--9 mM) are by an order higher than those for the acid (0.3--0.85 mM). The intensity and duration of manifestation of the defensive conditioned reflex depend directly on the strength (concentration) of the chemical stimulus. Cessation of motor conditioned reaction providing for restoration of the optimal conditions of the surrounding takes place when initial concentration of the stimuli in experimental reservoir is reduced to values close to threshold ones, namely to about 2 mM for NaCl and to about 0.2 mM for HCl, i.e. to a minimal concentration compatible with normal vital activity. After extirpation of the forebrain, the fish lose the capacity for active elimination from the surroundings of both salt and acid components.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D003463:Cues; D003530:Cyprinidae; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid
vernacular_title: Instrumental'nye uslovnye refleksy u karpov na solevye i kislotnye razdrazhiteli.