Toxicity of free fatty acids for cultured rat heart muscle and endothelioid cells. I. Saturated long-chain fatty acids.
Capric (C10:0), lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0) and arachidic (C20:0) acids were compared for their toxic effects upon cultured rat heart muscle and endothelioid cells. The free fatty acids (FFA) were found to albumin (6:1) and tested at 5 x 10(-5)M. Reduction of cell viability (51Cr release) and in situ mitochondrial and lysosomal labilization were used as indices of injury. Reduction in viability of both cell types was produced by palmitic, stearic or arachidic acids, but only after exposures of from 12 to 36 h. These FFA also produced needle-like cytoplasmic inclusions. Mitochondria and lysosomes were labilized after shorter exposures. Capric, lauric and myristic acids, were relatively non-toxic, and protected endothelioid cell lysosomes from labilization.
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000633:toxicity; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000633:toxicity*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000633:toxicity; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D009227:Myristic Acids / Q000633:toxicity; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000633:toxicity
D003652:Decanoic Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007850:Lauric Acids; D009227:Myristic Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids; D000135:Acid Phosphatase