title: Intravenous ketamine anaesthesia for major abdominal surgery--an assessment of a technique and the influence of ataractic drugs on the psychomimetic effects of ketamine.
abstract: Eighty-two patients presenting for major abdominal surgery were divided into five groups, and received intravenous ketamine, muscle relaxation and controlled ventilation with oxygen-enriched air. For maintenance of anaesthesia patients were given a single intravenous dose of either droperidol 5 mg, diazepam 5 mg, promethazine 25 mg, flunitrazepam 0.5 mg or lorazepam 2 mg, followed by incremental doses of ketamine. Flunitrazepam and lorazepam were the adjuvants associated with the lowest incidence of dreaming and emergence phenomena; postanaesthetic sequelae occurred most frequently with both ketamine/diazepam and ketamine/droperidol anaesthesia. However, the differences between the five groups failed to reach statistical significance.
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003693:Delirium / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D014149:Tranquilizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014149:Tranquilizing Agents; D007649:Ketamine