title: Effect of vehicle on pilocarpine-induced miosis.
abstract: To determine the effect of 1.4% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and castor oil vehicles on the pilocarpine-induced miosis, we studied the miotic effect of 2% pilocarpine-PVA and oily drops on 4 young and 10 elderly people and the miotic effect of 4% pilocarpine-PVA and oily drops on 13 elderly people. The miosis developed fast within 15 min, and maximum miosis was rached within 1 h. Oily drops of pilocarpine induced stronger maximum miosis than corresponding PVA-drops. The pupil remained contracted to less than 50% of its starting diameter after pilocarpine-PVA drops for 3-4 h and after oily drops for 9 h and returned to its starting diameter after pilocarpine-PVA drops 9-10 h and after oily drops 20-24 h following administration. The difference in the effect between pilocarpine-PVA and oily drops was independent of the subjects' age.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002368:Castor Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008916:Miotics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008916:Miotics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D010862:Pilocarpine; D002368:Castor Oil; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol