title: Preoperative assessment: the excretory system.
abstract: The majority of anesthetics are nephrotoxic in that they depress, usually temporarily, renal hemodynamics and functions. The author briefly reviews renal anatomy and physiology; the relevance of laboratory data associated with excretory function; the effects of abnormal values on the body including electrolytes, cardiac status and acid base balance; and the overall impact of these alterations on the anesthetic management of the surgical patient.
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000009:adverse effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000187:drug effects; D014553:Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D003404:Creatinine