The epidemiology of tuberculosis in physicians.
The incidence of tuberculosis in physicians was determined by mailed questionnaire. Since 1950 tuberculosis infection preceding entry into medical school has decreased by 73%; at the same time, infection after beginning recent graduates exceeded 1% per year, and age-specific infection rates among physicians were at least twice the US average. Tuberculosis developed in nearly one in ten physicians infected after medical school entry; in two thirds, disease preceded or coincided with recognized tuberculin positivity. No tuberculosis occurred in physicians who used isoniazid chemoprophylaxis, but two thirds of tuberculin-negative physicians did not have annual skin tests, 56% of known recent converters used no chemoprophylaxis, and 25% of those initiating isoniazid prophylaxis did not complete a 12-month course. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine recipients had 80% less tuberculosis than unimmunized physicians infected after beginning medical school.
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010820:Physicians; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States
D007538:Isoniazid