title: Effects of intraocular miotics on cultured bovine corneal endothelium.
abstract: Two cases of severe corneal oedema occurred after the use of intraocular pilocarpine. Experimental investigations were conducted with cultured bovine corneal endothelial cells exposed for 5 minutes to 1% pilocarpine solutions of varying composition. Cells were destroyed in solutions not isotonic with aqueous humour, and calcium-free ionic solutions caused loss of cell adhesion without loss of viability. Low pH or the presence of 1% pilocarpine had no detectable effects; 1% acetylcholine chloride in 5% mannitol (Miochol) also caused cell destruction, and this preparation was found to be considerably hypertonic. The minimum requirements for the formulation of intraocular miotics are discussed.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008916:Miotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008916:Miotics; D010862:Pilocarpine; D000109:Acetylcholine