title: Effect of azathiopurine and OK-432 on urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats.
abstract: The effect of azathiopurine and OK-432 on bladder carcinogenesis in rats was evaluated using the carcinogens, N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) and N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT). Azathiopurine did not affect FANFT bladder carcinogenesis in any treatment. By contrast, when azathiopurine was fed simultaneously with BBN there was a significant increase in the incidence of bladder tumors, although it had no effect if administered before or after BBN. Short-term administration (8 weeks) of OK-432 subcutaneously before, during, or after BBN did not affect bladder carcinogenesis, but if OK-432 was begun after BBN and continued until the end of the experiment, the incidence of BBN-induced bladder tumor was significantly reduced. No bladder lesions were observed in control rats or in rats receiving only azathiopurine or OK-432.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D008297:Male; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced; D010212:Papilloma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D010844:Picibanil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine; D010844:Picibanil; D001379:Azathioprine