Biomaterials and biocompatibility.
This review attempts to assess the present status of biomaterials, especially in relation to their interaction with tissue. The terms biomaterial and biocompatibility are defined and both the present areas of clinical application and the requirements of biomaterials for these applications discussed. The types of biomaterials in clinical use and those under development are briefly described. Problems associated with implant functionality are covered, dealing with fatigue, wear and membrane permeability. Of more importance are the problems relating to biocompatibility and metallic corrosion, polymer and ceramic degradation, local tissue changes, systemic effects, infection, implant loosening, blood compatibility and the assessment of biocompatibility.
D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002516:Ceramics; D003343:Corrosion; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006621:Hip Joint; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D008670:Metals; D011108:Polymers; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design
D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008670:Metals; D011108:Polymers