Cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) maintenance therapy after a second remission of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: comparative clinical trial (standard dose versus intermittent high dose versus cyclophosphamide plus cytosine arabinoside (NSC-63878)).
Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had experienced only one relapse were reinduced into remission using a 6-week induction course of prednisone and vincristine. One hundred fifty-one children who achieved a second complete marrow remission were randomly assigned to one of three cyclophosphamide treatment groups for maintanence. Forty-one children received standard-dose cyclophosphamide (3 mg/kg/day), 55 received intermittent high-dose cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg/day for 4 days out of 14), and 55 received a combination of oral cyclophosphamide (3 mg/kg/day) plus cytosine arabinoside (3 mg/kg/week im). The standard-dose cyclophosphamide regimen resulted in a remission maintenance time of 109 days and was the least toxic of the three maintenance regimens. Giving cyclophosphamide on an intermittent high-dose schedule or combining it with cytosine arabinoside did not increase the remission maintanence time (105 days).
D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008466:Mechlorethamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D003561:Cytarabine; D008466:Mechlorethamine; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone