title: Oncogenic and tumor-promoting Spermatophytes and Pteridophytes and their active principles.
abstract: A survey and discussion are presented of plants classified as Spermatophyta and Pteridophyta, extracts of which have been shown to be oncogenic or tumor-promoting in animals. The active oncogenic and tumor-promoting principles, where known, have been identified. They represent tannins; pyrrolizidine, indole, tropolone, quinoline, purine, and benzophenanthridine alkaloids; nitroso compounds; triterpene glycosides; lignans; isoflavans; allyl benzenoids; simple (nu-pyrenes; and carbocyclic hydroxy acids. A total of 28 compounds of known structure have been identified as oncogens and several phorbol esters as tumor-promoters. Plants known to contain any of the 28 oncogens (excluding shikimic acid and caffeine) have been tabulated; they represent at least 454 species, 110 genera, and 34 families of Spermatophyta and Pteridophyta.
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001114:Areca; D002110:Caffeine; D002273:Carcinogens; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003436:Croton Oil; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006027:Glycosides; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009602:Nitrosamines; D009821:Oils; D010617:Phenanthridines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010944:Plants; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; D012451:Safrole; D013634:Tannins; D014315:Triterpenes; D014908:Triticum
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D006027:Glycosides; D009602:Nitrosamines; D009821:Oils; D010617:Phenanthridines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; D013634:Tannins; D014315:Triterpenes; D002110:Caffeine; D003436:Croton Oil; D012451:Safrole