title: Physiology of skin.
abstract: One of Montagna's greatest contributions to study of the biology of the skin has been his demolition of the artificial walls that traditionally separated the histologist from the physiologist. He has shown that only by relating function with structure can we shed light on the workings of the skin. He has stressed the fallacy of studying a single structural or functional unit in isolation from others. The skin represents an organization of many different functional units, and physiology of skin is the study of this organization. My purpose is to make a personal commentary on the achievements, failures, and prospects of understanding some aspects of the organization of the functional units. Twenty-five years ago, the importance of relating skin to internal organs and systems received much attention. We have long been aware that skin sometimes reacts to internal disease, but only recently has the impact of skin disorders on the circulatory, renal, and gastrointestinal systems been recognized. As a result, our patients are now less likely to suffer from neglect of the whole which follows narrow over-specialized attention to the part. Increased interest in endocrine effects on the skin has revealed that several important physiologic activities of the skin are either partly or wholly regulated by hormones secreted by endocrine glands. Nevertheless, some physiologic activities in skin seems to be independent, their regulation being carried out by local mediating hormones. Other activities involve both central and local regulation. The nature and roles of these two control mechanisms and their interrelation constitute by far the most promising physiologic research in skin.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006632:Histamine / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008196:Lymph / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000494:pharmacology; D011460:Prostaglandins F / Q000494:pharmacology; D011537:Pruritus / Q000503:physiopathology; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D011458:Prostaglandins E; D011460:Prostaglandins F; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic; D006632:Histamine