title: EMG-patterns of pelvic floor muscles with surface electrodes.
abstract: On reviewing the literature most authors were found to have used needle electrodes for recording muscle potentials of pelvic floor muscles. We used for the first time a vaginal tampon electrode to record potentials of musculus levator ani in females and the same electrode to record potentials of the external anal sphincter. Recording with surface electrodes is especially recommendable for repetitive investigations for follow-up studies in outpatients and children. EMG patterns of pelvic floor muscles with vaginal tampon electrodes are comparable with those derived by needle electrode. EMG criteria of diagrams in upper motor neuron lesion, lower motor neuron lesion and with irritable bladders are discussed and explained.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003556:Cystitis / Q000150:complications; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009132:Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010388:Pelvis; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens