title: Inhibitory action of D-galactose on phagocyte metabolism and function.
abstract: To account for enhanced susceptibility to infection among  galactosemics, the acute effects of D-galactose on metabolic and functional activities of phagocytic cells in vitro were investigated. Human and guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) when incubated in medium containing 30 mM galactose displayed substantially less killing of Escherichia coli than when incubated in medium with 5 mM glucose. Impaired bactericidal activity was dependent upon galactose concentration but could be partially averted by supplementing the galactose-containing medium with 15 mM glucose. Phagocytic activities of guinea pig PMN and peritoneal macrophages were assayed by following ingestion of 32P-labeled E. coli and were also depressed by elevated galactose. Galactose was readily epimerized to glucose by resting PMN, and this conversion was stimulated by phagocytosis. Incubation of macrophages in the presence of galactose resulted in depletion of intracellular levels of adenosine 5' -triphosphate as well as other metabolities.
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005690:Galactose