title: Portasystemic shunts, past, present and future.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000401:mortality; D006666:History of Medicine; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000601:surgery; D011167:Portacaval Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000266:history; D012425:Russia (Pre-1917); D014481:United States