Temperature gradients and prediction of flap viability.
This study validates a simple clinical method used to determine optimum time for flap transference. Temperature was used as an indirect measurement to determine blood flow. By means of a needle thermocouple, temperature differences in a variety of flaps were measured. Differences between the base and most distal portion from the blood supply were recorded. The method was first developed on the dog  and then applied to patients. It was found that temperature differences of 2.5 degrees C or less insured flap success. Greater temperature differences increased the chance of necrosis.
D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013814:Thermal Conductivity; D014022:Tissue Survival; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014945:Wound Healing