Intravenous hyperalimentation in the management of the critically ill patient, with special reference to abdominal fistulae.
The present paper described the technique of intravenous hyperalimentation applied to a group of 100 surgical patients. A specially prepared diet supplying a high amount of calories, using hypertonic glucose and supplying nitrogen, using polypeptides or aminoacid solutions, was infused into the superior vena cava. The inhibition of digestive secretions, during the period of hyperalimentation, was used in the management of 19 patients with intestinal and pancreatic fistulae. The general conclusion reached after wide clinical experience was that by supplying energy and nitrogen to a patient in a severe catabolic state, a significant and sometimes dramatic capacity could be developed which allowed him to overcome difficult conditions and even initiated a reversal of the metabolic balance in the direction of anabolism. The regimen should be adopted in the preoperative preparation of debilitated patients; in hypercatabolic states (post-trauma, post-surgery or burns); in gastrointestinal, granulomatous or infectious diseases; in acute pancreatitis; in digestive fistulae; in oncological conditions, and so on. The metabolic and infective complications can be pregressively decreased and eventually prevented by proper handling and strict metabolic monitoring. The use of this hyperalimentation was extremely encouraging, and on many occasions we had the impression that it was life saving.
D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007412:Intestinal Fistula / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010185:Pancreatic Fistula / Q000628:therapy; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000009:adverse effects; D018805:Sepsis / Q000517:prevention & control