title: The radiology corner: the small bowel in immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes.
abstract: Recent advances in immunology have permitted recognition of a group of patients who have gastrointestinal manifestations as part of an immunoglobulin deficency syndrome. Such immunoglobulin deficiency may be primary or may be secondary to a variety of diseases. We have classified and described the small bowel roentgen features associated with the various immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes as follows: 1. the sprue pattern, as seen in hypogammaglobulinemic sprue and in Ig-A deficient sprue; 2. multiple nodular defects; 3. inflammatory changes secondary to giardiasis, associated with immune deficiency diseases; 4. thickening of the small intestinal folds, as seen in the plasma cell dyscrasias, lymphoma, intestinal lymphangiectasia and amyloidosis.
mesh_terms: D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000752:Anemia, Pernicious / Q000150:complications; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005756:Gastritis / Q000150:complications; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008201:Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D008258:Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A