title: Role of manganese in dystonia.
abstract: In this chapter, we have attempted to demonstrate that chronic manganese intoxication, in both animals and man, is a better model of  dystonia than of Parkinson's disease. It is proposed that many of the monoamine and endocrine changes in dystonia may be the result of disturbances in manganese metabolism. A search for such modifications in human dystonia victims is presently underway. Preliminary studies indicate that head and pubic hair manganese concentrations are elevated in dystonia patients.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D004285:Dogs; D004422:Dystonia Musculorum Deformans / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005684:Gait; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020149:Manganese Poisoning; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese; D007980:Levodopa