title: Micropunctures of rubber gloves used in oral surgery.
abstract: In 720 operations in ambulatory oral surgery, the 2,880 surgical rubber gloves used were tested at the end of operation for perforations not earlier detected (microperforations). Gloves of ordinary thickness (type A) and of a thicker quality (type B) were examined. Perforations were found in 1495%  and 22.0% of type A gloves and in 3.2% and 2.0% of type B gloves when oral surgeons and dental students, respectively, were operators. Gloves worn by operation assistants showed a lower incidence of perforation. Before operation, 50 gloves of type A were punctured at the tip of right index finger by a sterile dental probe. Results of bacteriologic examinations of the right index and middle fingers strongly indicated that a high number of bacteria passed through pinholes in the gloves. The intact surgical glove represents an impermeable barrier, protecting not only the operation wound against skin bacteria from the hands of the oral surgeon, but also the oral surgeon against pathogenic microorganisms, in particular hepatitis virus type B, escaping from the oral cavity of the patient.
mesh_terms: D000985:Antisepsis; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005932:Gloves, Surgical / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013515:Surgery, Oral