title: Punished behavior: increases in responding after d-amphetamine.
abstract: Responding maintained in squirrel monkeys under a 10-min fixed-interval schedule of food presentation was suppressed by presenting a shock after every 30th response (punishment). During alternate 10-min periods of the same experimental session, but in the presence of a different discriminative stimulus, responding either had no effect (extinction) or postponed delivery of an electric shock (avoidance). During sessions when the avoidance schedule was not in effect, d-amphetamine sulfate decreased punished responding. When the avoidance schedule was present during alternate 10-min periods, however, d-amphetamine (0.01 minus 0.56 mg/kg, i.m.) markedly increased responding during punishment components. Increases in responding during avoidance components were also evident. The effects of d-amphetamine on punished responding depend on the context in which that responding occurs.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D003913:Dextroamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004597:Electroshock; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D000882:Haplorhini; D008297:Male; D011678:Punishment; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects*; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule
chemical_list: D003913:Dextroamphetamine