title: [Pre-operative and post-operative parenteral feeding in infancy (author's transl)].
abstract: The fluid, electrolyte and caloric requirements and the necessary intake of protein-building elements are reviewed with special reference to parenteral feeding before, during and after surgical operations. During the pre-operative stage the replacement of lost body fluid arising from gastro-intestinal disturbances in infancy is of major importance. Adequate quantities of electrolytes must also be added to the replacement fluid during the operation; sodium depletion is usually counteracted by administration of bicarbonate buffers. Methods for restoring the blood volume to normal and for approximately estimating the required quantities are described. During the post-operative period, which is characterized by the so-called post-aggression metabolism with increased ergotropy, the caloric requirements are particularly high while glucose utilization is apt to be disturbed. A plan for meeting the caloric requirements under various post-operative conditions is outlined.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D003681:Dehydration / Q000628:therapy; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007671:Kidney Concentrating Ability; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D012964:Sodium
vernacular_title: Parenterale Ernährung in der operativen Medizin im Kleinkindesalter