Formation of an 80 S methionyl-tRNA initiation complex with soluble factors from wheat germ.
Wheat germ supernatant is resolved into four fractions, C3alpha, C3beta, D and A, all of which are required in addition to elongation EF1 and EF2 for tobacco mosaic virus-RNA (TMV-RNA)-catalyzed amino acid polymerization. Fractions C3beta and D function in the binding of Met-tRNAiMet to the 40 S ribosomal subunit forming an unstable 40 S-Met-tRNA1Met complex that is detected in sucrose gradients only after fixation with glutaraldehyde. Fraction C3beta binds Met-tRNAiMet suggesting that a C3beta-Met-tRNAiMet complex may be an intermediate in the formation of the 40 S complex. GTP is required for the formation of both the C3beta-Met-tRNAiMet and the 40 S-Met-tRNAiMet complexes. In either reaction the nucleotide is partially replaceable by quanyl-5'-yl methylene diphosphonate (GMP-P (CH2) P) while ATP is inactive. When ATP, C3alpha, mRNA, and magnesium acetate (final concentration 3.6 mM) are added to an incubation reaction containing the 40 S-Met-tRNAiMet complex, a stable 80 S-Met-tRNAiMet complex is formed. Radioactive TM virus-RNA binds specifically to the 80 S-Met-tRNAi complex suggesting that mRNA is a component of this complex. C3beta and D, the fractions required in the formation of the 40 S-Met-tRNAiMet complex, are also required for formation of the 80 S-Met-tRNAiMet complex. In addition, unlabeled Met-trnaiMet does not compete significantly with preformed 40 S-Met-tRNAiMet in the 80 S complex-forming reaction. These observations suggest that the 40 S-Met-tRNAiMet complex is an intermediate in the 80 S reaction. The 80 S-Met-tRNAiMet product of the sequential reaction is reactive with puromycin and on this basis it is tentatively considered to be a functional initiation complex. The additional requirement of Fraction A for amino acid polymerization suggests, however, that the initiation process may be more complex.
D001665:Binding Sites; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D005976:Glutaral; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008715:Methionine; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011691:Puromycin; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism*; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism
D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010445:Peptide Elongation Factors; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D011691:Puromycin; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D008715:Methionine; D008274:Magnesium; D005976:Glutaral