Competition between globin messenger ribonucleic acids for a discriminating initiation factor.
Translation of messenger ribonucleic acids for alpha- and beta-globin chains was analyzed in an mRNA-dependent fractionated protein-synthesizing system derived from rabbit reticulocytes. The alpha/beta chain synthesis ratio is highly dependent on the concentration of unfractionated globin mRNAs; the ratio is 1.5 at low mRNA concentration and declines to 0.03 at a high concentration. Several lines of evidence support the conclusion that this effect is caused by competitive binding of the messengers to an initiation factor which preferentially associates with the beta-mRNA. Such a discriminating factor is present in the 0.5 M KCl wash fraction from ribosomes and it elutes from a diethylaminoethyl-cellulose column between 0.10 and 0.21 M KCl. Studies using purified preparations of initiation factors suggest that IF-M3 and IF-M4 may act synergistically to produce the activity of the discriminating initiation factor. Although the discriminating factor is required for translation of both messengers, its apparent binding constant to beta-mRNA is 50 times larger than to alpha-mRNA. The concentration of discriminating factor-mRNA complex does not limit the overall rate of protein synthesis in this cell-free system. Nevertheless, the relative effectiveness of different messengers is determined by the relative concentrations of their complexes with the discriminating factor.
D000818:Animals; D005914:Globins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007700:Kinetics; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012156:Reticulocytes / Q000378:metabolism
D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005914:Globins