title: Organogenesis in in vitro cultures of embryonic shoots of Abies balsamea (balsam fir).
abstract: Embryonic shoots of 15- to 20-year-old Abies balsamea (balsam fir) trees were soaked in (a) water for 15 min or 24 hr and (b) water with 1000 mg per 1 indolebutyric acid (IBA), N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (Alar-85), or 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PPZ), singly or in combination with 100 mg per 1 caffeic acid, for 15 min. After the soaking, the embryonic shoots were transferred to a nutrient medium. Nonsoaked (control) embryonic shoots elongated and often formed a basal callus but never showed organogenesis. The soaked embryonic shoots formed new apical buds, with or without bud scales, adventitious dwarf needles or shoots, and root- and embryo-like structures. One of the embryos germinated and formed an irregular shoot. No differences were found between the various soak treatments, except that the 15-min water soak was ineffective. The 24-hr water soak was as effective as the 15-min growth regulator treatments.
mesh_terms: D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D063245:Plant Development; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013386:Succinates / Q000494:pharmacology; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D007211:Indoles; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013386:Succinates; C014612:indolebutyric acid; C014499:daminozide