Therapeutic use of gentamicin in horses: concentrations in serum, urine, and synovial fluid and evaluation of renal function.
Serum, synovial fluid, and urine concentrations of gentamicin were measured in normal mature horses which had been given a single dose of the drug. Mean peak serum concentration (16.8 microgram/ml) occurred in horses 30 minutes after they were given a single intramuscular dose of 4.4 mg of gentamicin/kg of body weight. In horses given a smaller dose of gentamicin (1.7 mg/kg), mean peak serum concentrations of gentamicin (10.2 microgram/ml) appeared at 1 hour. Synovial fluid concentration was maximum at 2 hours for both doses; in horses given the larger dose, mean peak concentration was 6.4 microgram/ml, and in those given the smaller dose (1.7 mg/kg), 3.4 microgram/ml. Measurable concentrations of gentamicin in serum and synovial fluid persisted 8 hours. During the first 8 hours, percentages of gentamicin excreted in the urine were between 3.9 and 32.8% of the larger dose and between 3.3 and 13.4% of the smaller dose. Serum creatinine concentrations were serially measured in 10 hospitalized horses intramuscularly given 1.7 to 4.4 mg of gentamicin/kg 4 times a day' significant increase in creatinine concentration was not found.
D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000032:analysis*
D005839:Gentamicins; D003404:Creatinine