title: The spectrum and causes of liver diseases in narcotic addicts.
abstract: Fifty charts of patients discharged with a diagnosis of liver disease from the acute care service of a hospital for the treatment of addiction were analyzed. Among 42 active heroin users or former heroin addicts maintained on methadone, 79% were heavy alcohol abusers. Seventeen cases of cirrhosis were encountered. All occurred in those abusing alcohol. Reversible liver disease was seen in both alcohol abusers and nonalcoholics. This study suggests that alcohol is a major factor in the development of irreversible liver disease in active heroin addicts and ex-addicts on methadone maintenance.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D000431:Ethanol; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000209:etiology; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D008691:Methadone