title: Sex chromosome abnormalities and cognitive performance: III. Field dependence, frame dependence, and failing development of perceptual stability in girls with Turner's syndrome.
abstract: The Rod-and-Frame Test (RFT) was administered to Turner girls (N = 45), their normal sisters (N = 19), and to nonsiblings with primary amenorrhoea and growth retardation as seen in Turner girls (N = 15). The test was scored by the traditional method which gives a measure of field dependence, as well as by a new method that gives a measure of frame dependence and response inconsistency. The traditional method showed Turner girls to be extremely field dependent. The new method showed that the so-called field dependence in Turner girls was due to response inconsistency, rather than to significant frame dependence. It is concluded that response inconsistency is a characteristic of RFT performance in Turner girls, probably reflecting failing development of "perceptual stability".
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005364:Field Dependence-Independence; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D009949:Orientation; D011594:Psychometrics; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D014796:Visual Perception