title: Faecal thiaminase in clinically normal sheep associated with outbreaks of polioencephalomalacia.
abstract: Three flocks in which in with one of more sheep had succumbed to polioencephalomalacia (cerebrocortical necrosis) were used for faecal thiaminase studies. Up to one third of the clinically normal animals in these flocks to be excreting thiaminase on any one day and over half the  flock could be thiaminase excretors at some time during an outbreak. The possible detrimental effects of sub-clinical thiamine antagonism in sheep are therefore worthy of consideration. Thiaminase excretion by individual animals was variable and sometimes intermittent. It was unaffected by changes in diet, pasture or enviroment. In two of the flocks multiple cases of polioencephalomalacia followed the administration of the anthelmintics, levamisole hydrochloride and thiabendazole. This aspect merits further investigation in view of the widespread use of anthelmintics of this type, especially as the profuse diarrhoea which can be associated with outbreaks of polioencephalomalacia may be wrongly attributed to gastro-intestinal parasitism.
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D004678:Encephalomalacia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D001467:Hordeum; D007978:Levamisole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D011725:Pyridines; D012417:Rumen / Q000201:enzymology; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D013827:Thiabendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013831:Thiamine; D014166:Transferases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011725:Pyridines; D007978:Levamisole; D014166:Transferases; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C022737:thiamin pyridinylase; D013827:Thiabendazole; D013831:Thiamine