Long-term safety and use-effectiveness of intrauterine devices.
The long-term safety and effectiveness of Lippes Loops, A, C, and D, Dalkon Shields, Saf-T-Coils, and Cu 7-200 intrauterine devices (IUDs) were evaluated on the basis of 670 insertions in 588 women. Ten-year life-table rates for the Lippes Loops C (291 first insertions) and D (213 first insertions) were evaluated. The Loop C was consistently associated with a significantly higher expulsion rate but lower pregnancy rate as compared with the Loop D. Over-all, the removal rates for these two IUDs were similar. The incidence of pelvic infection and abnormal Papanicolaou smears, the time from IUD removal to conception, pregnancy outcome, and the need for any surgery post-IUD insertion were evaluated for all IUDs and all segments of use.
D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007433:Intrauterine Device Expulsion; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects; D007436:Intrauterine Devices, Medicated / Q000009:adverse effects; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D010388:Pelvis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012306:Risk; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative; D013997:Time Factors; D014626:Vaginal Smears