title: An autosomal dominant midline cleft syndrome resembling familial holoprosencephaly.
abstract: We have detected a previously unrecognized autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by: mental retardation, microcephaly; craniofacial anomalies including cleft lip and anterior cleft palate, hypotelorism and antimongoloid slant; skeletal anomalies, notably of the foot and spine; and chronic constipation. Despite similarities to familial holoprosencephaly, this disorder appears to be a distinct entity. Incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity accompany transmission of the abnormal allele through four generations of a large kindred. Three of the four affected males survived past 20 years of age; the fourth is an infant. All three affected females died very early in infancy.
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000002:abnormalities; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics; D003248:Constipation / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008831:Microcephaly / Q000235:genetics; D010375:Pedigree; D013577:Syndrome