title: Double contrast preparations: an in vitro study of some antifoaming agents.
abstract: An apparatus is described for the study of foam formation in double contrast preparations in vitro. Antifoaming agents are shown to be of considerable benefit to the double contrast technique, silicone and silicone-free antifoamers being equally effective. Silicone antifoamers are preferred because of their wide clinical acceptability. Antifoamer formulation and concentration are found to be critical factors in determining efficacy of foam suppression, and may lead to erroneous results in the clinic.
mesh_terms: D000934:Antifoaming Agents; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003287:Contrast Media; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D008954:Models, Biological; D013501:Surface-Active Agents
chemical_list: D000934:Antifoaming Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D001466:Barium Sulfate