title: Sensitization with Cr, Ni and Zr salts and allergic type granuloma formation in the guinea pig.
abstract: Guinea pigs were sensitized to potassium dichromate, nickel sulfate and sodium zirconium lactate by three methods of immunization in Freund's complete adjuvant: Polak, split adjuvant, and maximization (modified Magnusson and Kligman). These were followed after 2 weeks by weekly intradermal injections of 25 microng of the metal salt. Delayed hypersensitivity-like reactions developed 3 to 12 weeks after initial injection. Reactivity, although strong with an increase in thickness of over 0.7 mm and/or diameter of erythema of over 8 X 8 mm, was frequently transient, the animal losing reactivity on subsequent skin test or after 2 or 3 skin tests. In two-thirds of the experiments using sodium zirconium lactate, delayed hypersensitivity-like reactions at 24 hr developed into nodular lesions which reached peak intensity at 8 days and histologically contained histiocytes with an epithelioid cell appearance and giant cells. In some experiments, sodium zirconium lactate-sensitive animals showed cross reactivity with potassium dichromate, but not with nickel sulfate.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002857:Chromium / Q000276:immunology*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D009532:Nickel / Q000276:immunology*; D011192:Potassium Dichromate / Q000276:immunology; D012492:Salts; D015040:Zirconium / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D012492:Salts; D002857:Chromium; D009532:Nickel; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D015040:Zirconium; D011192:Potassium Dichromate