title: Isolation and identification of morphine 3- and 6-glucuronides, morphine 3,6-diglucuronide, morphine 3-ethereal sulfate, normorphine, and normorphine 6-glucuronide as morphine metabolites in humans.
abstract: Morphine metabolites were isolated with column chromatography on a resin and neutral aluminum oxide and TLC from the urine of morphine-dependent subjects maintained on morphine sulfate at a dose of 240 mg/day. These metabolites were characterized as morphine 3-glucuronide, morphine 6-glucuronide, morphine 3,6-diglucuronide, morphine 3-ethereal sulfate, normorphine, normorphine 6-glucuronide, and, possibly, normorphine 3-glucuronide by free phenol and glucuronide tests, enzymatic hydrolysis, GLC, TLC, UV spectroscopy, and GLC--mass spectrometry.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009020:Morphine / Q000652:urine*; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000652:urine; D009022:Morphine Derivatives / Q000652:urine*; D010636:Phenols / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D009022:Morphine Derivatives; D010636:Phenols; D009020:Morphine