title: Equilibria involved in prothrombin- and blood-clotting factor X-membrane binding.
abstract: The study of prothrombin- and factor X-membrane interaction by light-scattering intensity measurements at 90 degrees is reported. This technique, which uses a fluorometer as a light-scattering photometer, can be applied to measurement of free and membrane-bound protein concentrations, from which equilibrium constants can be obtained. The following equilibria adequately describe the observed properties of prothrombin-membrane interaction (formula: see text) where P and PL are protein and phospholipid, PiCa and PLjCa are the calcium complexes, P'iCa is the protein after undergoing a calcium dependent transition, and P'-PLi+j+mCa is the protein-membrane complex. Several lines of evidence indicate that i, j, and m are interrelated and m decreases to 0 when i and j are saturated. In agreement with this, direct calcium binding measurements indicate m values of 3.2 +/- 1.5 and 1.1 +/- 1.5 at 0.5 and 1.2 mM calcium, respectively. The total number of functional calcium ions in the complex (i + j + m) is 6 to 9 based on Hill coefficients for the reactions and direct calcium binding measurements. In reaction 3, the maximum stoichiometry of calcium per acidic phospholipid is 1:2. While the details of factor X-membrane binding were not determined in quite as great detail, the equilibria (identified) appear the same but a major difference is the calcium concentration needed to initiate protein-membrane binding.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium; D002417:Cattle; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D005170:Factor X; D007700:Kinetics; D008433:Mathematics; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008954:Models, Biological; D010743:Phospholipids; D011516:Prothrombin
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010743:Phospholipids; D011516:Prothrombin; D005170:Factor X; D002118:Calcium