The brain of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus). II. Architecture of the corpora penduculata.
The corpora pedunculata, or mushroom bodies, of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, form a bulbous ventral hemisphere composed of two internal lobes that are highly branched like a caulifower. This organ is clothed with a deep layer of small association neurons called globuli or Kenyon cells. In an animal that is 50 mm in width, they number 3-7 X 10(6), a value that rises to about 1 X 10(8) in an adult (250 mm width). The neuropil of each corpus peduculatum converges from its peripheral lobules toward several major peduncles, which are in communication with the protocerebral neuropil by a narrow stalk containing about 5000 fibers in a 50 mm animal. The numberical relations suggest that presumptive second-order chemosensory fibers enter the corpora pedunculata and synapse divergently onto Kenyon cells. The axons of Kenyon cells, in turn, converge onto efferent fibers that leave through the stalk.
D000818:Animals; D001181:Arthropods / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001369:Axons / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001921:Brain / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D006737:Horseshoe Crabs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000648:ultrastructure