title: Role of clozapine in the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities in human bone-marrow cells in vivo and in cultured lymphocytes in vitro.
abstract: Bone-marrow chromosomes were examined from 38 mentally and physically retarded and two psychiatric patients who were being treated with a variety of neuropharmacologic drugs. Twenty of these patients used clozapine (Leponex). The clastogenic effects of clozapine in vitro were studied in the lymphocyte cultures of three patients--one free of hematologic disease and two who 6 months earlier had had agranulocytosis attributed to the use of clozapine. The mean frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in the bone-marrow cells of patients who used clozapine was significantly increased (P less than 0.05). The two patients who had had agranulocytosis had a greater frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in their cultured lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro than the patient free of hematologic disease. A clone with a 13/14 chromosome translocation was detected in one of the patients. As all patients received a number of drugs during the in vivo and in vitro studies no definite conclusions could be drawn regarding the role played by clozapine in the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D002901:Chromosomes, Human, 13-15; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003984:Dibenzazepines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000188:drug therapy; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D003984:Dibenzazepines; D003024:Clozapine