title: Topical anesthesia and topical toxicity of bupivacaine combined with hydroxypolyethoxydodecane.
abstract: The biological effects of adding hydroxypolyethoxydodecane (HPED) to N-butylpipecolic acid 2,6-xyiidide (bupivacaine) has been studied in animals and in man. The topical toxicity of bupivacaine was somewhat aggravated by HPED 0.25-1.0%, and the topical anesthetic effect was strongly potentiated both in animals and in man. It was concluded that HPED increased the absorption of bupivacaine after topical application. It was also found that D(+)-bupivacaine was more potent as a topical anesthetic than L(-)-bupivacaine.
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000818:Animals; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D009835:Oligochaeta; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011817:Rabbits; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013748:Tetracaine
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D013748:Tetracaine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002045:Bupivacaine