title: Effect of D-Glucarates on basic antibiotic-induced renal damage in rats.
abstract: Dehydrated rats regularly develop acute renal failure following single injection of aminoglycoside antibiotics combined with dextran or of antibiotics only. Oral administration of 2,5-di-O-acetyl-D-glucaro-1,4-6,3-dilactone protected rats against renal failure induced by kanamycin-dextran. The protective effect was prevalent among D-glucarates, and also to other saccharic acid, hexauronic acids and hexaaldonic acids, although to a lesser degree, but not to a hexaaldose, sugar alcohols, substances inthe TCA cycle and other acidic compounds. D-Glucarates were effective against renal damage induced by peptide antibiotics as well as various aminoglycoside antibitocis. Dose-responses were observed in the protective effect of D-Glucarates. With a D-glucarate of a fixed size of dose, approximately the same degree of protection was obtained against renal damages induced by different basic antibiotics despite large disparities in administration doses of different antibiotics. D-Glucarates had the ability to prevent renal damage but not to cure it. Rats excreted acidic urine when they were spared from renal lesions by monosaccharides. The reduction effect of D-glucarates against nephrotoxicity of basic antibiotics was discussed.
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003681:Dehydration / Q000150:complications; D003911:Dextrans / Q000009:adverse effects; D005937:Glucaric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007612:Kanamycin / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D013400:Sugar Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003911:Dextrans; D009005:Monosaccharides; D013400:Sugar Acids; D007612:Kanamycin; D005937:Glucaric Acid