title: Long-term results in the treatment of femoral-shaft fractures in young children by immediate spica immobilization.
abstract: Manual traction reduction without anesthesia and immediate immobilization in a spica cast were used to treat eighty-five children ranging in age from birth to ten years old who had closed femoral-shaft fractures and no associated injuries. Up to two centimeters of overriding, 30 degrees of anterior angulation, and 15 degrees of medial angulation were accepted. Any angulation in excess of these amounts, or lateral or posterior angulation, was corrected by wedging the cast at the fracture site. Further telescoping of the fracture fragments in the case was attributed to the child pressing the foot against the bottom of the cast and was prevented by removing the sole of the cast. Of the seventy-five children examined two to eighteen years after fracture, none had any residual skeletal deformity or joint stiffness. The length discrepancies of the fractured limbs ranged from 1.7 centimeters of shortening to 0.9 centimeter of overgrowth.
mesh_terms: D002370:Casts, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000628:therapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007870:Leg Length Inequality / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology