title: Comparative clinical pharmacology of intravenous cefoxitin and cephalothin.
abstract: Intravenous doses of 0.5, 1, and 2 g cephalothin and cefoxitin, a semi-synthetic cephamycin antibiotic highly resistant to bacterial cephalosporinase, were infused over a period of 3 minutes into 18 normal adult males by a randomized, crossover design. Serum and urine data on cefoxitin best fit a two-compartment open model. Serum concentrations following cefoxitin were higher and more prolonged and urine recoveries higher than those following equal doses of cephalothin. The terminal serum half-life of cefoxitin was longer at all dose levels. Renal clearance of cephalothin-like activity exceeded that of cefoxitin, which may possess dose-dependent kinetics. Whereas cephalothin has been reported to metabolize by greater than 35% to the less active desacetyl form, cefoxitin was metabolized by 0.1 to 6% to the descarbamyl form in individual subjects.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D002511:Cephalosporins; D002440:Cefoxitin; D002512:Cephalothin