title: Effects of zinc, copper, and manganese supplementation of high-concentrate ration on gastrointestinal absorption of copper and manganese in Holstein calves.
abstract: Sixteen Holstein bull calves were fed a high-concentrate ratio supplemented with zinc, copper, and manganese, alone or in combination, for 10 wk. After 6 days of preliminary feeding of chromic oxide, fecal grab-samples were collected for 6 days. Calves were slaughtered, and samples of the contents of the reticulo-rumen, omasum, abomasum, small intestine, cecum, and large intestine were analyzed for chromic oxide, copper, and manganese. Absorption along the gastrointestinal tract, measured by comparison of one segment with the previous segment, indicated net secretion of copper in the abomasum but net absorption from the rest of the tract. The exception was that net secretion into the reticulo-rumen was associated with low dietary copper. Net secretion of manganese was mainly in the small intestine and cecum in all treatments. A higher proportion of copper apparently was absorbed when this mineral was supplemented in the ration. However, absorption of manganese was decreased slightly when manganese was supplemented in the ration. Reabsorption of manganese in the large intestine was probably greater than that of copper.
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004064:Digestive System / Q000187:drug effects; D004068:Digestive System Physiological Phenomena; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012159:Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D013279:Stomach, Ruminant / Q000502:physiology; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D015032:Zinc