title: Production and characterisation of antisera to diphenylhydantoin suitable for radioimmunoassay.
abstract: The effect of carrier protein, nature of hapten-carrier bridge, and density of hapten substitution on the immunogenicity of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) derivatives in rabbits is described. DPH-3-valerate-bovine serum albumin (BSA) with a hapten: protein ratio of 27: 1 yields antisera of high titre and specificity for DPH. An antiserum to DPH-valerate-BSA was employed to develop a rapid, sensitive, one stage double antibody radioimmunoassay suitable for clinical application to serum, saliva, and urine samples. The assay, using 14C-DPH as tracer, is accurate and precise over the range 0.5--50 mug DPH per ml. Results by radioimmunoassay correlate closely with those obtained by gas-liquid chromatography (r = 0.97).
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005260:Female; D006241:Haptens; D008297:Male; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006241:Haptens; D010672:Phenytoin