title: Non-equivalence of human hemoglobin chains in the oxidation-reduction and heme-transfer reactions. A 13C nuclear-Magnetic-resonance study.
abstract: 12C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been applied to the investigation of chain non-equivalence for two reactions of human hemoglobin: oxidation-reduction and hemetransfer. The method is based on previous observations that in the carbonyl region, Hb13CO gives two well-resolved resonances which arise from 13C of carbonyls bound respectively to the alpha and beta chains; moreover, integration of spectra allows on e to estimate their relative abundance. A mixture of ferrous and ferric hemoglobins in dye-mediated oxidation-reduction equilibrium can be formally considered to be equivalent to two redox couples in equilibrium, namely alphaIII/alphaII and betaIII/betaII; from a knowledge of these ratios, one can conclude whether the chains are equivalent or not in their oxidation-reduction properties. In this work, these ratios were evaluated by reacting the redox systems with 13CO and integrating the 13C NMR spectra. The results show differences in the intrinsic oxidation-reduction potentials of the chains in hemoglobin tetramer, E1/2(beta)being higher than E1/2(alpha)in neutral solution but not at pH9 and above. The binding of inositol hexakisphosphate does not modify the difference between beta and alpha though substantially increasing the overall potential The results are discussed in the light of current hypotheses to account for the change of Hill coefficient with pH for the reaction studied. The non-equivalence of chains is shown also for heme transfer from methemoglobin. For the phosphate-free protein, the beta chains lose heme more rapidly than that alpha chains; the addition of inositol hexakisphosphate results in the decrease of overall heme transfer as well as of chain heterogeneity.
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D006418:Heme / Q000378:metabolism*; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D006418:Heme