title: Misdiagnosis of spasm of the near reflex.
abstract: A bilateral sixth nerve palsy portends serious disease of the central nervous system and precipitates extensive patient studies. Spasm of the near reflex, characterized by intermittent convergence, accommodation, and miosis, is a functional disturbance. Five patients with hysterical spasm of the near reflex erroneously diagnosed as a bilateral sixth nerve palsy are reported. The pupillary sign, intense miosis on attempted lateral gaze, is emphasized as an important clue to the correct diagnosis. Despite extensive investigation, no disease of the central nervous system was found. Neurotic or hysterical features were evident in every patient.
mesh_terms: D000010:Abducens Nerve; D000065:Accommodation, Ocular; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007046:Hysteria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011680:Pupil / Q000503:physiopathology; D012018:Reflex; D013035:Spasm / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology