title: Retrograde amnesia in honeybees (Apis mellifera carnica).
abstract: After a single reward on a spectral color, freely flying honeybees show retrograde amnesia when an electroconvulsive shock, CO2 narcosis, N2 narcosis, or cooling (to 1 degrees C) is applied after learning. Retrograde amnesia is measurable with these four treatments up to 7 min after the reward. For none of the treatments was a consistent relationship found between the reaction tested and the time of testing after the treatment. Prolonged application of the four treatments leads to a significant increase in the rate of retrograde amnesia only after CO2 narcosis. Memory in the honeybee is susceptible to impairment until 15 min after the reward.
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000209:etiology*; D000648:Amnesia, Retrograde / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003118:Color Perception; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D004597:Electroshock; D006801:Humans; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000494:pharmacology; D012201:Reward; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D009584:Nitrogen