title: Rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch: a case report.
abstract: A horse with rostral displacement of the palatopharyngeal arch was found to have a bilaterally symmetrical deformity of the laryngeal area. Both left and right cricopharyngeal muscles were absent. The shape of the thyroid cartilage was grossly abnormal and vestiges of the cricothyroid muscles were attached only to the cricoid cartilage. It was suggested that such an anomaly could have resulted from aberrant development of the fourth branchial arch.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006736:Horses; D007817:Laryngeal Cartilages / Q000002:abnormalities*; D007830:Larynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology