[Pharmacological comparison between enflurane and halothane].
General pharmacological properties of enflurane (E) and halothane (H) were investigated. Maximum blood concentrations of both drugs reached 30 min after inhalation. E showed lower maximum blood concentration, initial velocity of uptake and shorter half life than H. Neither drug had any effect on neuromuscular junction, but E increased N-M effect of succinylcholine. Both drugs decreased tension of uterine and intestine muscles. Poly- and monosynaptic reflexes were inhibited more by H. ED50's of E and H for intestine muscles. Poly- and monosynaptic reflexes were inhibited more by H. ED50's of E and H for righting reflux were 1.25 and 1.40%, respectively. Tonic and clonic convulsions and death induced by electric shock were inhibited more by E. Almost equal anticonvulsive potency was observed for chemoshocks. Death due to electric and chemoshock was remarkably inhibited by both drugs. Spontaneous EEG was altered in a different manner, although flattened with spikes at 4% concentration of both drugs. E altered rhythmicity of recruiting response and both drugs inhibited this response. H inhibited more remarkably the augmenting response and E inhibited the arousal response. E increased negative potentials of the primary response evoked by sensory stimulation, while H decreased these potentials. Both drugs completely inhibited the secondary response.
D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004737:Enflurane / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D012023:Reflex, Monosynaptic / Q000187:drug effects; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects
D008738:Methyl Ethers; D004737:Enflurane; D006221:Halothane