title: Professional participation in HMO's.
abstract: As HMO's spring up throughout the country, a conflict between state and federal laws becomes evident. The traditional standards of practice by which the solo practitioner abides may no longer be enforceable against those physicians, dentists, and optometrists working in HMO's.
mesh_terms: D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006801:Humans; D007883:Legislation, Medical; D008007:Licensure, Medical; D009907:Optometry; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D014481:United States