title: Growth of human diploid fibroblasts in the absence of glucose utilization.
abstract: Normal human diploid fibroblasts were able to undergo one to two cell divisions without glucose utilization in Eagle's minimum essential medium plus 10% dialyzed fetal calf serum if the medium was supplemented with hypoxanthine, thymidine, and uridine (supplemented medium termed HTU-MEM). Under these conditions, the added purine and pyrimidines were required for nucleic acid synthesis, as shown by the inability of Lesch-Nyhan fibroblasts to grow in HTU-MEM. Normal human diploid fibroblasts continued to produce lactate in HTU-MEM, but at a greatly reduced rate. Since cells grew in HTU-MEM without glucose utilization, the probable energy and carbon source was glutamine, which is present in relatively high concentration. Furthermore, the rate of glutamine utilization per cell division was 2-fold greater in HTU-MEM than in medium with 5.5 mM glucose. These results suggest that glutamine can be a major energy source for cells grown in vitro.
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005971:Glutamates / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007042:Hypoxanthines / Q000378:metabolism; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D007926:Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D014529:Uridine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005971:Glutamates; D007042:Hypoxanthines; D007773:Lactates; D005973:Glutamine; D005947:Glucose; D013936:Thymidine; D014529:Uridine