title: [Chromosomal proteins: histones and acid proteins].
abstract: Experimental data about the chemistry and the biology of chromosomal proteins are reviewed. Paragraphs include: aminoacid sequential data and post-translational covalent modications of histones, histone chemical differences in different tissues of the same species and in homologous organs of different species, histone synthesis subcellular localization and its association with DNA synthesis, histone synthesis transcriptional and translational control, histone synthesis during meiosis, oogenesis and early embryogenesis. The possible role of histones as controllers of gene expression is discussed and a model of primary structure of chromatine is proposed. The "acidic proteins" data concern the high tissue eterogenity of these proteins and their role in the steroid-hormon-controlled gene expression. The possible role of acidic proteins as general controllers of gene expression in eucariotic cells is discussed.
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D002843:Chromatin; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000032:analysis*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D006657:Histones / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008239:Lysine / Q000032:analysis; D008540:Meiosis; D008745:Methylation; D009866:Oogenesis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D006657:Histones; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D008239:Lysine
vernacular_title: Proteine cromosomiali: istoni e proteine acide.