title: The paretic pupil: its incidence and aetiology after keratoplasty for keratoconus.
abstract: The present study reveals that pupillary abnormalities are common after keratoplasty for keratoconus and that, in addition to the fixed dilated pupils which we have found in 7.8 per cent. of eyes, varying degrees of partially dilated pupil frequently occur after operation. In our experience, glaucoma is not a sequel to the simple paretic pupil, a finding which confirms the results of the smaller series of Alberth and Schnitzler (1971); glaucoma thus seems to be no more a special complication of keratoplasty for keratoconus than it is of keratoplasty for any other corneal pathology. The paretic pupils can be explained on the basis of ischaemic atrophy of the sphincter pupillae muscle secondary to an iris strangulation phenomenon occurring during surgery in the manner we have discussed. The relative frequency of a dilated pupil, together with the common finding of focal iris atrophy after minimal surgical trauma to the iris in cases of keratoconus, forces one to conclude that the pathology in this condition is not confined to the cornea but probably extends to the iris and possibly to the scleral envelope as well.
mesh_terms: D001284:Atrophy / Q000209:etiology; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D004106:Dilatation; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000098:blood supply / Q000293:injuries; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000601:surgery*; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply; D011680:Pupil / Q000503:physiopathology; D012590:Sclera; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects*