[Leukocyte transfusion. An overview].
Today the increased risk of infection in patients with transient severe neutropenia can be reduced effectively by three different approaches:1.gnotobiotic patient isolation with whole body decontamination by non-resorbable antibiotics;2. treatment of documented or suspected infection with a conbination of bactericidal antibiotics and/or antimycotics; 3. granulocyte transfusions in the case of life-threatening antibiotic-resistant infections. This third therapeutic approach against severe resistant infection is proving increasingly effective and cannot at present be replaced by different therapeutic measures. The efficiency of granulocyte transfusions depends on: 1. substitution of at least 1 X 10-10 granulocytes per transfusions; 2. repeated transfusions of granulocytes within several consecutive days in the event of only partial success; 3. the transfused granulocytes should not be immediately destroyed in the recipient by preformed antibodies, a factor which makes donor-recipient selection a vital part of the granulocyte replacement program. Severe complications of granulocyte transfusion can be minimized by slow application of the transfused cells. The required number of at least 1 X 10-10 granulocytes for effective transfusion can be collected without significant risk from healthy donors by means of either the "continuous flow centrifuge" (CFC) or the technique of "filtration leukapheresis' (FL). Filtration leukapheresis offers the advantage of a simple collection procedure and much lower cost, coupled with the same numerical and functional effectiveness of cell collection and therapeutic results. Since after transfusion vital granulocytes accumulate in the marginal neutrophil pool, recording of the "post-transfusion increment" is not an accurate parameter of transfusion effectiveness. There is marked accumulation of transfused granulocytes in areas of infection.
D000380:Agranulocytosis / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000941:Antigens; D001782:Blood Donors; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000628:therapy; D007962:Leukocytes; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000628:therapy*; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
D000941:Antigens
Granulozytentransfusion. Ein überblick