title: Indirect laryngoscopy.
abstract: Indirect laryngoscopy is one of the procedural methods used for achieving a histopathologic diagnosis of cancer of the larynx. A chronologic historical summary of the development of mirror laryngoscopy is presented. The details of the procedure employed for obtaining a biopsy with the aid of topical anesthesia is discussed.
mesh_terms: D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D003042:Cocaine; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000266:history; D008012:Lidocaine; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication
chemical_list: D008012:Lidocaine; D003042:Cocaine