Target cell-dependent T cell-mediated lysis of vaccinia virus-infected cells.
Vaccinia virus specific cytotoxicity against infected target cells was observed in vitro. Spleen lymphocytes from normal and immunized mice of the inbred strains C3H and DBA/2 were incubated with vaccinia virus-infected and non-infected 51 Cr-labeled mastocytoma P-815-X2 cells and L-929 fibroblasts, which were used as targets. Cytotoxic lymphocytes could be isolated from the mice as early as 2 days after infection with vaccinia virus. The highest cytotoxic effect was obtained with lymphocytes taken 6 days after infection. The degree of lysis was correlated with the ratio of immune lymphocytes to target cells. Specific blocking of target cell lysis resulted after addition of anti-vaccinia antibody from different sources. The effector cells could be characterized as T cells by elimination of macrophages and B cells. Target cell killing was only possible in a syngeneic system; allogeneic infected target cells were not lysed significantly.
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D003165:Complement System Proteins