title: [Pacemakers 16 years later].
abstract: In 1976, 10 years after the first successful implantations, the pacemaker technique is perfectly well accepted. Transvenous placement of the electrode is preferred in 95 % of the cases. Besides the 15 years nuclear power pacers (1970), conventional mercury pacemakers may reach a longevity of 4 to 5 years because of the reduction of the current drain. Lithium iodine seems a very promising source of energy. The mini-pacemakers with various iodine anodes are particularly attractive. The future is probably a well designed medium sized lithium pacemaker lasting more than 7 years. Patient follow-up is very much improved. All pacemakers exhibit an obvious rate reduction when their source of energy runs down. Therefore general practitioner and even the patients may detect this symptom. The main problem remains the lead resistance. The reduction of the frequency of pacemaker replacements and of the medical check-up makes life more simple for the pacemaker patient.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium; D008628:Mercury; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation; D011005:Plutonium; D011399:Promethium
chemical_list: D011005:Plutonium; D008094:Lithium; D008628:Mercury; D011399:Promethium
vernacular_title: Les pacemakers seize ans après