title: Effects of chlorobutanol and bradykinin on myocardial excitation.
abstract: The negative inotropic effect of a commonly used formulation of bradykinin (Sandoz BRS-640) was found to be due to chlorobutanol, a constituent of the preparation. Solutions containing up to 100 mug of crystalline bradykinin/ml had no effect on tension or action-potential shape. Chlorobutanol (500 mug/ml) caused a 30% decrease in contraction amplitude and a 20% increase in action-potential duration. Chlorobutanol lowered conduction velocity and induced conduction failure and automaticity within isolated ventricular muscle strips. Chlorobutanol affected neither positive nor negative treppe. We conclude that bradykinin has no direct action on toad, frog, or rat myocardium. However, chlorobutanol does have direct effects on myocardial cells, acting on the cell membrane and decreasing isometric tension produced by the heart.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002724:Chlorobutanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004386:Duodenum / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011894:Rana pipiens; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001285:Atropine; D002724:Chlorobutanol; D000109:Acetylcholine; D001920:Bradykinin; D009638:Norepinephrine; D010646:Phentolamine