The role of lymphotoxin in target cell destruction induced by mitogen-activated human lymphocytes in vitro. II. The correlation of temperature and trypsin-sensitive phases of lymphotoxin-induced and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
The in vitro destruction of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) coated Beta L cells by non-immune human lymphocytes was resolved into two distinct phases--lymphocyte dependent and lymphocyte independent. The initial or lymphocyte-dependent phase occurred within the first 2 hr and proceeded equally well at 34 and 37 degrees C. The amount of lymphotoxin (LT) secreted by PHA-activated human lymphocytes in vitro to PHA stimulation was the same at 34 and 37 degrees C. Antiserum and complement inactivation of the aggressor lymphocytes at various intervals revealed that target cell lysis was lymphocyte independent. However, the latter phase was temperature dependent, i.e., proceeding at the permissive temperature of 37 degrees C, but inhibited at the restrictive temperature of 34 degrees C. Further experiments revealed that LT-induced destruction had the same temperature sensitivity as target cell cytolysis occurring during the lymphocyte-independent step. Trypsin treatment of target cells during an early period of the lymphocyte-independent phase protected the target cell from subsequent death, indicating the aggressor lymphocyte has deposited a cytotoxic effector material on its surface. These results suggest the lymphocyte-dependent stage involves the processes required for the induction of LT synthesis and secretion. The actual cytolysis occurring during the lymphocyte-independent stage may be caused by LT or LT-like material(s) deposited on the target cell surface by the mitogen-activated human lymphocyte.
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D037102:Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology
D037102:Lectins; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014357:Trypsin