title: Re-innervation of twitch and slow muscle fibres of the frog after crushing the motor nerves.
abstract: 1. The conduction velocities of individual motor axons innervating twitch and slow muscle fibres of the frog were determined by intracellular recording of junctional potentials elicited by stimulating the motor nerves at two different points. 2. In normal pyriformis muscles twitch and slow fibres were found to be innervated by two distinct populations of motor axons. Twitch fibre axons conducted at 10-18-7 m/sec, while the conduction velocities of slow fibre axons ranged from 0-5 to 5 m/sec (at 7-9 degrees C). The thresholds for electrical stimulation were significantly lower in the fast than in the slow axons population. 3. Following denervation by crushing the sciatic nerve fast  axons which re-innervated the muscle had lower conduction velocities than normal but could still be identified. These lower conduction velocities were measured proximal to the site of the crush and did not recover over a period of 446 days. 4. Fast motor axons regenerated more quickly than slow axons and re-innervated twitch as well as slow muscle fibres non-selectively. About 1 month later slow axons re-established synaptic contacts with slow (and some twitch) muscle fibres. Simultaneous re-innervation by fast and slow motor axons was occasionally observed in slow muscle fibres. Finally, the slow muscle fibres were innervated by slow axons only, while synapses of fast axons could no longer be found in this type of muscle fibre. 5. Action potentials were observed in denervated as well as in re-innervated slow muscle fibres; they disappeared as re-innervation progressed. 6. It is concluded that non-selective re-innervation of slow muscle fibres is present in the frog; it is, however, a transient phenomenon followed by restoration of the original innervation pattern.
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D009409:Nerve Crush; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009431:Neural Conduction; D011896:Rana temporaria