title: Extrapyramidal reactions and amine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid during haloperidol and clozapine treatment of schizophrenic patients.
abstract: 8 male schizophrenic patients participated in a double-blind, cross over study of the extrapyramidal side-effects of haloperidol and clozapine (acute dystonis, Parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia), together with their effect on homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Haloperidol (9 mg/day) caused Parkinsonism, reduced tardive dyskinesias and increased the HVA concentration in the CSF. Clozapine (225 mg/day) had no effect on the neurological phenomena but reduced HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations in the CSF. During the discontinuation phase following the administration of haloperidol, tardive dyskinesia occurred or was aggravated; this did not occur after administration of clozapine. Accordingly, it is suggested that clozapine does not induce dopaminergic hypersensibility and, therefore, will not induce tardive dyskinesias.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003024:Clozapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003984:Dibenzazepines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D003984:Dibenzazepines; D010648:Phenylacetates; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D003024:Clozapine; D006220:Haloperidol; D006719:Homovanillic Acid