title: The 21 point vision analysis without a phoropter.
abstract: This paper offers a sequence of valid tests, objective in nature, to measure the vision performance and provide an appropriate prescription for an individual who is unable to undergo the demands of a 21 point analytical refraction, through a phoropter, due to age, intelligence or communication difficulty.
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*