title: Scientific methodology applied.
abstract: The subject of this symposium is naproxen, a new drug that resulted from an investigation to find a superior anti-inflammatory agent. It was synthesized by Harrison et al. in 1970 at the Syntex Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biological Sciences. How can we chart the evolution of this or any other drug? Three steps are necessary: first, chemical studies (synthesis, analysis); second, animal pharmacology; third, human pharmacology. The last step can additionally be divided into four phases: metabolism and toxicology of the drug in normal volunteers; dose titration and initial clinical trials with sick subjects (pharmacometry); confirmatory clinical trials when the drug is accepted on the market and revaluation (familiarization trials). To discover the truth about naproxen, we must all participate actively with a critical mind, following the principles of scientific methodology. We shall find that the papers to be presented today all deal with the third step in the evaluation process--clinical pharmacology. It is quite evident that the final and most decisive test must be aimed at the most valuable target: the human being. The end product of this day's work for each of us should be the formation of an opinion based on solid scientific proofs. And let us hope that we will all enjoy fulfilling the symposium in its entire etymological meaning this evening. In vino veritas.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008722:Methods; D051379:Mice; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012106:Research; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids; D009288:Naproxen