Intensity of immunosuppressive therapy and the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.
One hundred and forty-nine children with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated according to a prospective protocol were randomized after induction of remission and central nervous system (CNS) irradiation to receive maintenance chemotherapy with 1, 2, 3, or 4 chemotherapy agents. The incidence of P. carinii pneumonitis (PCP) was 5.0, 2.3, 2.2, and 22.4%, respectively, during the period of maintenance therapy. An additional 31 patients enrolled in the same study were placed in special categories to receive three drugs for maintenance plus supplemental chemotherapy or irradiation because of CNS leukemia on admission, remission failure, ediastinal mass, or generalized lymphosarcoma without bone marrow involvement. The incidences of PCP in these groups were 16.7, 30.0, 35.7, and 0%, respectively, during the period of maintenance therapy.
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001215:Asparaginase / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007945:Leukemia, Lymphoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011241:Prednisone / Q000009:adverse effects; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D015122:Mercaptopurine; D001215:Asparaginase; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate