Study of rickettsioses in Slovakia. II. Infestation of fleas and mites in mole nests in some localities in Central Slovakia with C. burneti and Rickettsiae belonging to the spotted fever (SF) group.
Fleas and mites obtained from 115 mole nests in Central Slovakia from an area where Q fever and rickettsiosis due to rickettsie of the SF occur, from the border of this area and apart from it, were tested for infestation with rickettsiae by the method of isolation of rickettsiae on chick embryo yolk sacs, by the method of detection of rickettsiae on smears from the arthropods using immunofluorescence, by the method of exposure of albino mice and Apodemus flavicollis to mole nests and by the method of inoculation of suspension from the arthropods to albino mice. In the latter two methods, infestation of the arthropods was assessed according to the formation of antibodies in the mice. It has been found that fleas and mites in all three areas under test are infected with C. burneti and with rickettsia of the SF group. C. burneti was currently detected in the focus of rickettsioses and in the localities situated in its borders while only one case was observed apart from the focus. Rickettsiae of the SF group were found in fleas and mites in all areas tested showing no greater percentual differences. The method of detection of rickettsia in smears from the arthropods using the immunofluorescence technique and antibody response in mice inoculated with infected arthropods was found to be the most effective in these studies. On the basis of the obtained results the authors believe that mites and fleas living in mole nests participate in the circulation of both species of rickettsiae in nature in the transfer of rickettsiae among small mammals. The question whether these arthropods are a reservoir, a biological or a mechanical vector, still remains open.
D000818:Animals; D003381:Coxiella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003604:Czechoslovakia; D004463:Ecology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008925:Mites / Q000382:microbiology*; D008971:Moles / Q000469:parasitology; D012281:Rickettsia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005423:Siphonaptera / Q000382:microbiology*