title: Nephrocalcinosis in infancy and childhood.
abstract: The diangosis, clinical manifestations and management of 11 children with nephrocalcinosis encountered in a 20-year period are presented. Renal tubular acidosis, primary hyperoxaluria, primary hyperparathyroidism, exogenous hyperadrenocorticism and idiopathic hypercalcemia of infancy were the principal causes of nephrocalcinosis in this series. In the presence of normal or near-normal renal function, a 55 per cent or better cure rate can be expected. Children with significantly diminished renal function have a poor prognosis and should be considered for renal transplantation.
mesh_terms: D000141:Acidosis, Renal Tubular / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000150:complications; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D009397:Nephrocalcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D010070:Oxalates / Q000652:urine; D011379:Prognosis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D010070:Oxalates