title: Experimental congenital malformations.
abstract: Traditional approaches to human and experimental teratology are briefly described, with roles of pathologists indicated. Some approaches to experimental teratology which pathologists might use are then described and illustrated. These include identification of subclasses of malformation types, study of the chronologic sequence of maldevelopment, study of embryo death, and examination of tumor-malformation relationships. The malformations used to illustrate these approaches are cleft palate, anencephaly, hydrocephalus, and intestinal atresia. The final section deals with general methodology in experimental teratology; a listing of books dealing with experimental teratology is included.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000757:Anencephaly; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000196:embryology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D003571:Cytochalasin B; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D007409:Intestinal Atresia / Q000209:etiology; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D013723:Teratogens; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D013723:Teratogens; D003571:Cytochalasin B