title: A clinical and epidemiological evaluation of tonometry as a screening test.
abstract: Because of their differences in emphasis, clinical practitioners and clinical epidemiologists often employ different terms and concepts in comparing and rating health screening tests. The apparent inconsistency of a high error rate (96 to 99% over-referrals) yet good test sensitivity and specificity (40% and 95% respectively) for tonometry can be explained by a complete analysis of tonometric screening, encompassing both the clinical and epidemiological view-points. This paper reviews basic terminology, explains the clinical and epidemiological approaches, and demonstrates both of these methods of analysis in a comprehensive evaluation of tonometry using real data from recent clinical investigations.
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008403:Mass Screening; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose