title: Respiratory function in esophageal hiatus hernia. I. Spirometry, gas distribution, and arterial blood gases.
abstract: As a part of a preoperative investigation, spirometry and blood gas tensions were studied in 64 subjects with X-ray-verified hiatus hernia (34 sliding, 22 mixed, and 8 of paraesophageal variety). According to the transverse diameter of the hernia. They were divided into 3 groups, small (2-5.9 cm), medium (6-9.9 cm), and large (10-17 cm) hernias. No correlation between the size of the hernia, reflux incidence, and spirometric findings could be demonstrated. A significant reduction of the arterial oxygen tension was found in small hernias and in vital capacity and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) in medium-sized hernias. Significant reduction in MVV was noted in the large hernia group. A common spirometric finding in all groups was a significant increase in residual volume and wash-out volume. The incidence of restrictive or obstructive pulmonary impairment was high in large (39%) and small (32%) hernias and relatively low in medium-sized hernias (8%). Roentgenological fibrosis was not found in any of the patients, while 4 showed emphysematous changes.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006551:Hernia, Hiatal / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011859:Radiography; D012119:Respiration; D013147:Spirometry; D014797:Vital Capacity
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen