Dietary survey of low-income, rural families in Iowa and North Carolina. II. Family distribution of dietary adequacy.
Distribution patterns of Iowa and North Carolina families for dietary adequacy at various income levels were compared according to: (a) two family dietary standards, based on the 1968 Recommended Dietary Allowance and the Ten-State Nutrition Survey dietary standards, and (b) two income standards, family income and per capita income. A 24-hr. recall method was used to collect the dietary data. Nutrients studied included: protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, ascorbic acid, thiamin, and riboflavin. Clear differences emerged in family distribution patterns by the two dietary standards and by the two income standards. Comparison of family distribution patterns for dietary intake by the two standards showed that percentages of families with poor nutrient intakes were lower by Ten-State evaluation than for the recommended allowance evaluation, except for protein and iron. For example, the percentage of families with poor calcium intakes, by Ten-State criteria, was approximately half that measured by the recommended allowances. While, according to the latter, calcium was the most limiting nutrient in many family diets, vitamin A was most limiting by Ten-State evaluation. The proportions of families with poor ascorbic acid, thiamin, and riboflavin intakes were also lower by Ten-State standards. While the iron adequacy remained approximately the same by both dietary standards, the percentage of families with poor protein intakes was higher by the Ten-State criteria. A higher percentage of families at each income level had fair and good diets by Ten-State comparison. Family distribution patterns for intakes of individual nutrients at various family income levels demonstrated a positive relationship between nutritional intake and income. Proportions of families with poor nutrient intakes according to per capita income tended to increase with the income level. For both income standards, the percentages of families with good and fair diets in the total family sample gradually increased with income. Percentages of Iowa families with fair and good diets at various income levels were, in general, higher than those of North Carolina families. The lowest and the highest percentages of families with poor diets of two population groups were higher for per capita income distribution than for family income distribution.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007484:Iowa; D007501:Iron; D008297:Male; D009657:North Carolina; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D012256:Riboflavin; D012424:Rural Population; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013831:Thiamine; D014801:Vitamin A
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014801:Vitamin A; D007501:Iron; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D012256:Riboflavin; D013831:Thiamine