Effect of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and procaine on hemorrhage induced by rattlesnake venom.
Nineteen compounds and seven combinations of compounds were tested for their ability to neutralize the hemorrhagic activity of Crotalus atrox venom in vitro and in vivo. Two compounds and four combinations were effective in reducing hemorrhage in an in vivo test in which the venom was injected before injection of compounds. DTPA plus procaine HCl was the most effective combination and reduced hemorrhage when injected 1, 5, or 15 minutes after injection of venom. DTPA-procaine reduced hemorrhage induced by injection of C. atrox venom into dogs as well as mice. DTPA in combination with procaine did not reduce myonecrosis or lethality resulting from injection of venom into mice, but it could be used in conjunction with antivenin to treat local tissue damage resulting from rattlesnake venom poisoning.
D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011343:Procaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012910:Snake Venoms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D014688:Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*
D012910:Snake Venoms; D014688:Venoms; D011343:Procaine; D004369:Pentetic Acid