title: A clinical look at the problem of drugs in pregnancy and their effect on the fetus.
abstract: The first annual W. E. Upjohn Lecture concerned itself with the interrelationship between administration of drugs to the pregnant woman and fetal outcome. The epidemiology of drug intake (both prescribed and self-administered drugs) during pregnancy is reviewed, using data derived from several surveys conducted both in the United States and in Scotland. The complexities of establishing a causal relationship between drug intake during pregnancy and effects upon the fetus are considered. Special emphasis is given to the adverse effects of aspirin and cigarette smoking. The shortage of data is critical and the need for further research is stressed.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D008614:Meperidine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008619:Mepivacaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D012606:Scotland; D012907:Smoking / Q000150:complications; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005493:Folic Acid Antagonists; D013792:Thalidomide; D009538:Nicotine; D008012:Lidocaine; D008614:Meperidine; D008619:Mepivacaine; D001241:Aspirin