title: Teratogenicities of ophthalmic drugs. I. Antiviral ophthalmic drugs.
abstract: Nonradioactive idoxuridine (IDU,5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine), while not teratogenic to rats, does produce fetal maliformations in rabbits when administered topically to the eye in doses similar to those used clinically, 0.1% four times a day for 12 days. These maliformations include exophthalmos and clubbing of the forelegs. By contrast, trifluorothymidine (F3TdR), another highly effective antiherpetic agent currently under investigation but not available for general use, was found not to be teratogenic to rabbits, even when given in concentrations tenfold greater than the doses used to produce idoxuridine teratogenicity.
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001345:Autoradiography; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003025:Clubfoot / Q000139:chemically induced; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects; D005461:Fluorine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005865:Gestational Age; D007065:Idoxuridine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D013723:Teratogens; D013936:Thymidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D013723:Teratogens; D005461:Fluorine; D007065:Idoxuridine; D013936:Thymidine