Orthopedic management of acquired cerebrospasticity in childhood.
Of 221 children with head injuries and resultant deep coma followed for long-term problems, 156 became totally independent, functional individuals, only 61 lacking normal cognition and speech. Reconstructive surgical procedures for residual spasticity was necessary in 45 patients. Achilles lengthenings were the most common procedure performed; after Achilles lengthenings, toe flexor releases were most often required. Twenty children had anoxia from drowning or anesthesia problems; 7 of these had spastic hip deformities or dislocations, all within 6 months of the anoxic event. Progressive cerebrospastic syndromes and post-infectious cerebrospasticity most often require orthotic devices for their orthopedic management.
D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000209:etiology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology*; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000150:complications; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D007223:Infant; D008124:Locomotion; D008581:Meningitis / Q000150:complications; D008722:Methods; D009984:Orthopedic Fixation Devices; D011379:Prognosis; D013035:Spasm / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014034:Toes / Q000601:surgery