Studies on gluconeogenesis and protein synthesis in isolated hepatocytes.
Glucose production was studied in isolated hepatocytes using various substrates and with increasing substrate concentrations (0-10 mM). Fructose was the best gluconeogenic substrate while other substrates studied stimulated net glucose production in the following decreasing order: lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, galactose, alanine, and succinate. Studies on oxygen consumption showed that endogenous respiration was linear for 60 min and was not altered by extracellular calcium. Studies on the incorporation of 14C-leucine into protein was linear for only 3-4 hr in cells containing low glycogen. However, cells containing high glycogen incorporated 14C-leucine into protein linearly for 8-10 hr. About 3 mg of protein per g per hr was synthesized by isolated cells when incubated for 4 hr with amino acids mixture, glucose, lactate, and insulin.
D000409:Alanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005215:Fasting; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007773:Lactates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013386:Succinates / Q000494:pharmacology
D000596:Amino Acids; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D007773:Lactates; D011773:Pyruvates; D013386:Succinates; D005632:Fructose; D007930:Leucine; D000409:Alanine; D005990:Glycerol; D002118:Calcium; D005690:Galactose