Second trimester septic abortion and the Dalkon shield.
The Dalkon shield was withdrawn from the market in the United States of America last year because of the reports of 11 maternal deaths and 209 cases of septic midtrimester abortions associated with the device in situ. Four cases of late midtrimester septic abortions resulting in neonatal deaths are presented. In one of these, the mother developed septicaemic shock and almost died. The true pregnancy rate with the Dalkon shield is much higher than was initially claimed, particularly if it is inserted in the puerperium. Surveys on the outcome of the pregnancy indicate that 50% end in spontaneous abortion and one in 20 pregnancies are ectopic. A high percentage of the abortions are septic. The Dalkon shield, therefore, has no advantages over other intrauterine contraceptive devices and it remains to be seen whether the recent modification of the device has overcome the disadvantages of the earlier version. If pregnancy is diagnosed with the device in situ, it should be removed if the string is visible. If pregnancy continues with the shield in place, the patient should be observed closely. Should septic abortion occur, active management is indicated and early evacuation of the uterus is recommended.
D000031:Abortion, Septic / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology