The binding of L-tryptophan to serum albumins in the presence of non-esterified fatty acids.
Bovine, human and rat serum albumins were defatted and palmitic acid, oleic acid and lauric acid added in various molar ratios. The binding of L-tryptophan to these albumins was measured at 20 degrees C in a 0.138 M salt solution at pH 7.4, by using an ultrafiltration technique, and analysed in terms of n, the number of available tryptophan-binding sites per albumin molecule, with apparent association constant, k. 2. n and k were 0.90 and 2.3x10(-4)M(minus-1) respectively for defatted bovine serum albumin and 0.87 and 9.7x10(-3)M(-minus-1) for human albumin. Addition of palmitic acid did not decrease n until the molar ratio, fatty acid/bovine albumin, approached and exceeded 2. The decrease in k was small and progressive. In contrast, lauric caused a marked decrease in n and k at ratios as low as 0.5. A similar distinction between the effects on n of palmitic acid and oleic acid and those of lauric acid was seen for human albumin. k for human albumin was not significantly affected by fatty acids under the conditions studied. 3. It is concluded that primary long-chain fatty acid sites interact only weakly with the tryptophan site on albumin and that inhibition of tryptophan binding occurs when secondary long-chain sites are occupied. Primary medium-chain fatty acid sites are distinct from primary long-chain sites but may be grouped with secondary long-chain sites. 4. The relationship between free and bound tryptophan in samples of rat plasma (Stoner et al., 1975) is discussed in terms of a similar but limited study of rat albumin.
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006801:Humans; D007850:Lauric Acids; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009829:Oleic Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D014364:Tryptophan; D014462:Ultrafiltration
D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007850:Lauric Acids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D014364:Tryptophan