Studies on the metabolism of d-Limonene (p-Mentha-1,8-diene). III. Effects of d-Limonene on the lipids and drug-metabolizing enzymes in rat livers.
1. After a single oral dose of d-limonene (200-1200 mg/kg) no effects were observed on liver triglyceride, microsomal protein, cytochrome b5, and the drug-metabolizing enzymes. Glycogen content was slightly decreased at doses higher than 800 mg/kg, and cytochrome P-450 and delta-aminolaevulinic acid synthetase activity was slightly increased at 1200 mg/kg. 2. After repeated treatment (400 mg/kg/day) for 30 days, the relative liver weight and hepatic phospholipid content were only slightly increased, and liver and serum cholesterol were decreased 49 and 8%, respectively. Of the phospholipid fatty acids, palmitic, linoleic and arachidonic acids were increased, and stearic acid was decreased. Aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase were increased 26 and 22%, respectively, and cytochrome P-450 and b5 were likewise increased 31 and 30%.
D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000633:Aminopyrine N-Demethylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000815:Aniline Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002957:Citrus; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D003580:Cytochromes / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D003580:Cytochromes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D010743:Phospholipids; D011506:Proteins; D013729:Terpenes; D014280:Triglycerides; D010758:Phosphorus; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D002784:Cholesterol; D000815:Aniline Hydroxylase; D000633:Aminopyrine N-Demethylase; D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase