The immunogenic properties of highly purified insulin preparations:  The clinical importance of insulin-binding antibodies.
Twenty-four diabetic patients were treated with porcine protamine-insulin (NPH-insulin) containing 7-13 mmol proinsulin per mol insulin and 27 diabetic patients were treated with porcine protamine-insuline (HP-insulin) containing 0.36 mmol proinsulin per mol insulin.  75% of the patients treated with NPH-insulin and 15% of the patients treated with HP-insulin formed detectable insulin-binding antibodies.  The difference in the antibody titre in the two groups was significant.  As a group, patients treated with HP-insulin did not have significant rise in the plasma insulin-binding capacity when compared to pre-treated values.  When comparing patients with antibodies and patients without detectable antibodies no difference in the degree of regulation could be demonstrated between the two groups.  Young patients with antibodies had a higher insulin requirement per kg per day than patients without detectable antibodies. Among patients in remission those without detectable antibodies had a longer remission period than those with antibodies.  Apart from the difference in antibody formation and hence a different distribution in the groups compared, the patients treated with NPH-insulin and HP-insulin did not differ with regard to the degree of regulation, the insulin requirement or the duration of the remission period.
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002648:Child; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006029:Glycosuria; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000276:immunology*; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011384:Proinsulin / Q000276:immunology; D011485:Protein Binding; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D013997:Time Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D011384:Proinsulin