title: [Activation mechanisms for contractions of the smooth musculature of the cerebral vessels].
abstract: Pial arteries and veins were found to differ by their contractile features. Pial arteries are highly sensitive to noradrenaline, adrenaline, histamine, serotonin, rapid stretching, and potassium ions. The effects of the mediators, potassium ions, and rapid stretching could be blocked by manganese ions. Pial veins are insensitive to the mediators effects, potassium ions, or rapid stretching, although they are highly sensitive to transmural electric stimulation. Manganese ions have no effect on the veins' responses to electric stimulation. A spontaneous activity of the smooth muscle cells of the a. carotis' intracranial portion was revealed in man. The activation mechanisms for the cerebral arteries smooth muscle contractions are suggested to depend on the calcium extracellular ions. The activation mechanism for the veins' smooth muscle contractions depends on the intracellular store of calcium ions.
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply; D011188:Potassium / Q000502:physiology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D006632:Histamine; D000109:Acetylcholine; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine
vernacular_title: Mekhanizmy aktivatsii sokrasheniĭ gladkoĭ muskulatury mozgovykh sosudov