title: Incidence, morbidity and complications of renal and ureteral calculi in a well defined geographical area.
abstract: In a well defined geographical area with only one hospital, the incidence of upper urinary tract stone was found to be 180 per 100 000 inhabitants, a figure not substantially higher than that reported more than 30 years ago. The male/female ratio was 3.6:1. The mean frequency of recurrence was 40% and the mean frequency of infection 12%. Hyperparathyroidism was found in 1.4% of all cases. Thirty-five per cent of the patients required hospital treatment and 19% needed operation. Renal pelvic stone was more common in the female (22%) than in the male (8.5%) patients. Spontaneous passage of stone occurred in 87.5% of the men and in 81.5% of the women. No seasonal variation in the onset of acute pain was demonstrable.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003401:Creatine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012737:Sex Factors; D013548:Sweden; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine; D002118:Calcium