title: [Experimental investigations on oral immunization with tetanus-toxoid (author's transl)].
abstract: Model-experiments in mice were used for the investigation of oral immunization with tetanus-toxoid. The efficacy of oral toxoid application was tested by challenge and anti-toxin determination. The oral immunization with tetanus-toxoid induced only a sufficient protection, when toxoid was in intensive contact with the mucous membranes of the oral cavity. Local immunization via gastro-intestinal-tract failed. After a single vaccination with 200 Lf tetanus-toxoid onto mucous membranes of the oral cavity the efficiency index was 75. In comparison, a single subcutaneous application of 2 Lf tetanus-toxoid resulted in an efficiency index of 100 and a single intranasal immunization of 100 Lf in an efficiency index of 93. So the application of toxoid subcutaneously or onto nasal mucous membranes induced higher protection than oral application. Temporary development of immunity after immunization via the mucous membranes of the oral cavity was much better than parenteral immunization. 20 per cent of orally immunized animals were immune 5 days p. vacc. At the same time subcutaneously immunized animals failed to develop any protection. The efficiency rates obtained in challenge correlate with antitoxin content in the serum.
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007109:Immunity; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D051379:Mice; D013742:Tetanus / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin / Q000032:analysis; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013743:Tetanus Antitoxin; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid
vernacular_title: Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur oralen Immunisierung mit Tetanus-Toxoid