title: Changes in the upper urinary tract as demonstrated on intravenous pyelography and micturating cysto-urethrography in patients with spinal cord injury.
abstract: 1. Thirty-two per cent of cases examined by I.V.P. showed evidence of disease (20 per cent hydronephrosis, 12 per cent chronic pyelonephritis). 2. The incidence of V.U. reflux on micturating cysto-urethrography was 13 per cent. V.U. reflux is associated with chronic pyelonephritis in a high proportion of cases as would be expected. A normal pyelogram does not exclude V.U. reflux as mentioned by Cobb (1966). 3. Patients with complete paralysis show a significantly high incidence of chronic pyelonephritis, hydronephritis and V.U. reflux. 4. In case of unilateral hydronephrosis and chronic pyelonephritis there is a striking predilection for involvement of the right kidney. The cause for this is not evident but possibly the fact that the right ureter is shorter than the left is a factor.
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D014567:Urography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*