title: Biological changes in the rhizosphere of wheat after foliar application of chlorocholinechloride, urea and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid.
abstract: In field experiments wheat in the phase of shooting was sprayed with solutions of chlorocholinechloride (CCC) and urea, CCC and ammonium salt MCPA (Aminex) or CCC, urea and Aminex. The effect of the treatment on dry weight of overground parts of wheat, number of bacteria, production of carbon dioxide, urease activity and content of ammonium in the rhizosphere soil was investigated. In all cases evolution of carbon dioxide in the rhizosphere soil was higher than that in the control soil. Highest numbers of bacteria were found in the rhizosphere soil of plants treated with urea, the herbicide and their mixtures. Content of ammonium was higher in the control soil than in the rhizosphere soils, the urease activity was highest in the rhizosphere soil of plants treated with the solution of the herbicide and with the combination of the herbicide with urea.
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002452:Cell Count; D002716:Chlormequat / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006016:Glycolates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010642:Phenoxyacetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*; D014508:Urea / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014510:Urease / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006016:Glycolates; D006540:Herbicides; D010642:Phenoxyacetates; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000641:Ammonia; D002716:Chlormequat; D014508:Urea; D014510:Urease