title: The effects of alpha-chlorohydrin on the composition of rat and rabbit epididymal plasma: a possible explanation of species difference.
abstract: The relationship between the antifertility effect of alpha-chlorohydrin and changes in composition of luminal plasma from the cauda epididymidis of rats and rabbits has been investigated. At each dose regimen studied, the fertilizing capacity of rats treated with alpha-chlorohydrin was reduced to zero. The levels of sodium, potassium, glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC), acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in epididymal plasma were not markedly affected by drug treatment. The most noticeable change was a considerable increase in the concentration of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) at all dose levels and of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) after 7 days of treatment with 8 and 16 mg/kg. The effect of cold shock on the composition of epididymal plasma showed that LDH and GOT are, at least in part, derived from spermatozoa. In contrast, alpha-chlorohydrin did not have an antifertility action in the rabbit, and the only notable change in the compositon of epididymal plasma was an increase in the level of GPC.  These results provide evidence that, in the rat, alpha-chlorohydrin or a metabolite primarily exerts its antifertility effect by a direct action on the spermatozoa, whilst in the rabbit a barrier may exist to the entrance of the drug into the lumen of the epididymal duct.
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000032:analysis; D002728:Chlorohydrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004822:Epididymis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005997:Glycerylphosphorylcholine / Q000032:analysis; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D011817:Rabbits / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats / Q000502:physiology*; D012661:Semen / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D000637:Transaminases / Q000032:analysis; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002728:Chlorohydrins; D005997:Glycerylphosphorylcholine; D000517:alpha-Chlorohydrin; D012964:Sodium; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000637:Transaminases; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D011188:Potassium