title: Bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux with pyelonephritis in identical twins.
abstract: A case of identical twins with bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux is presented. This case supports the hypothesis that primary vesico-ureteral incompetence may be an inherited lesion. The importance of investigating close relatives, especially identical twins, is stressed.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004200:Diseases in Twins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*