The mechanism of action of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase. Inhibition by amino acid derivatives and amines; activation by aromatic compounds.
A variety of amino acid and peptide amides have been shown to be inhibitors of dipeptidyl aminopeptidase. Among these compounds derivatives of strongly hydrophobic amino acids are the strongest inhibitors (Phe-NH2, Ki = 1.0 +/- 0.2 mM), while amides of basic amino acids were somewhat less effective (Lys-NH2, Ki = 36 +/- 3 mM). Short chain amino acid amides are notably weaker inhibitors (Gly-NH2, Ki = 293 +/- 50 mM). The interaction of the side chains of compounds with the enzyme appears to be at a site other than that at which the side chain of the amino-penultimate residue of the substrate interacts since the specificity of binding is different. Primary amines have been shown to inhibit, e.g., butylamine, Ki = 340 +/- 40 mM, and aromatic compounds have been shown to stimulate activity toward Gly-Gly-NH2 and Gly-Gly-OEt (phenol, 35% stimulation of activity at a 1:1 molar ratio with the substrate). The data suggest that inhibition involves binding at the site occupied by the free alpha-amino group and the N-terminal amino acid.
D000588:Amines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004150:Dipeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D013154:Spleen / Q000201:enzymology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000588:Amines; D000596:Amino Acids; D000626:Aminopeptidases; D004150:Dipeptidases