title: Cognitive reduction in presenile dementia related to regional abnormalities of the cerebral blood flow.
abstract: Fifty-five patients with presenile dementia were examined. There were 28 women and 27 men, and the mean age was 59 and 56 years respectively at the time of the study. A large series of psychometric tests was used, and with the aid of age-matched non-demented controls five significantly different cognitive reduction groups could be identified. In the demented patients the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was determined with an eight-detector or 32-detector equipment. There was a rough proportionality between the cognitive reduction and a decrease of the cerebral blood flow (especially the flow in the grey matter). In addition, certain regional flow abnormalities correlated with specific cognitive functions in a manner resembling the cognitive defects found in focal brain lesions in the same region. Thus, patients who showed only memory disturbances demonstrated a focal flow reduction in the temporal region. More severely affected patients, with reduction of verbal abilities and signs of agnosia, showed very low flows in occipito-temporo-parietal parts of the hemisphere. The results offer a principal confirmation of the dynamic field theory concerning the functional organization of the cerebral cortex.
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000377:Agnosia / Q000209:etiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000098:blood supply; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011930:Reaction Time; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013028:Space Perception; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide