Effect of hyperinflation on inspiratory function of the diaphragm.
The inspiratory efficiency of the diaphragm during unilateral and bilateral phrenic stimulation (UEPS and BEPS) with constant stimulus was studied in seven dogs from FRC to 120% TLC. Alveolar pressures (PAl) were recorded during relaxation, BEPS and UEPS at each lung volume in the closed respiratory system. From the PAl-lung volume curves, tidal volume (VT), and pressure developed by the diaphragm (Pmus) were derived. Results are summarized below. a) Hyperinflation impaired the inspiratory efficiency of the diaphragm which behaved as an expiratory muscle beyond the lung volume of 103.7% TLC (Vinef). b) The diaphragm during UEPS became expiratory at the same Vinef as during (BEPS. C) The VT-lung volume relationship was linear during BEPS, allowing simple quantitation of VT loss with hyperinflation and prediction of Vinef. d) With only one phrenic nerve stimulated, the functional loss is less pronounced in VT than in Pmus, as compared to BEPS, indicating that the respiratory system was more compliant during UEPS than BEPS. This compliance difference from UEPS to BEPS diminished with severe hyperinflation.
D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005652:Functional Residual Capacity; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli; D012119:Respiration; D013990:Tidal Volume; D014109:Total Lung Capacity