Human alpha-crystallin: characterization of the protein isolated from the periphery of cataractous lenses.
alpha-Crystallin has been isolated from the peripheral region of old cataractous lenses. It was found to be closely related to bovine alpha-crystallin and to human newly synthesized alpha-crystallin in terms of its amino acid composition, the  size of its polypeptide chains and the lack of free NH2-terminal groups. However, in contrast to the simple urea gel electrophoretic polypeptide patterns obtained with the reference proteins, 11 polypeptides were detected in the preparation. Ten of the polypeptides were isolated and shown to be either A or B chains on the basis of their amino acid compositions and comparison of the peptide maps of their tryptic hydrolysates. The four B chains as well as the six A chains were closely related, with most of the tryptic peptides being common to all members of their respective group. A nomenclature based upon the urea gel electrophoretic mobilites of the polypeptides has been proposed to define each chain. It was found that this alpha-crystallin preparation is composed of at least two populations of macromolecules, one of which contains macromolecules greater than 5 X 10(6) daltons on the basis of gel filtration with Bio-Gel A-5m. The compositions of the two fractions were found to be essentially identical.
D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D002386:Cataract / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D014357:Trypsin
D000596:Amino Acids; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014357:Trypsin