Amino acid assignment to one of three blood-brain barrier amino acid carriers.
The percentages of 22 14C-labeled amino acids remaining in rat brain 15 s after carotid injection were measured relative to a simultaneously injected diffusible internal standard, 3HOH. The injected solution also contained a nondiffusible internal standard, [113mIn]EDTA to correct for incomplete brain blood compartment washout. Self-inhibition and cross-inhibition was demonstrated by inclusion of unlabeled amino acids and carboxylic acids. All amino acids tested, excluding proline, alanine, and glycine, could be assigned to one, and only one, blood-brain barrier carrier system. The neutral carrier system transported phenylalanine, leucine, tyrosine, isoleucine, methionine, tryptophane, valine, DOPA, cysteine, histidine, threonine, glutamine, asparagine, and serine. Affinity for a basic amino acid carrier system was demonstrated for arginine, ornithine, and lysine. A third, low-capacity independent carrier system transporting aspartic and glutamic acids was demonstrated.
D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005650:Fumarates / Q000494:pharmacology; D007773:Lactates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D011773:Pyruvates / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013386:Succinates / Q000494:pharmacology
D000577:Amides; D000596:Amino Acids; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005650:Fumarates; D007773:Lactates; D011773:Pyruvates; D013386:Succinates