title: Quantitation of phenobarbital and its main metabolites in human urine.
abstract: A method for the quantitative determination of phenobarbital and free and conjugated p-hydroxyphenobarbital in urine samples is described. The method includes initial extraction, purification on a small chromatographic column and finally determination by gas chromatography. The barbituric acids are methylated by trimethylanilinium hydroxide which serves as a "flash heater" methylating agent. The conjugate of p-hydroxyphenobarbital, which appears to be a glucuronide, is hydrolysed with hydrochloric acid.
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D005260:Female; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D006900:Hydroxylation; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D005965:Glucuronates; D010634:Phenobarbital