A comparative characteristic of effector innervation of cerebral arteries in mammals and humans.
The neural fibres of cerebral arteries in humans, rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, swine, cows and horses have been studied using the methods of Flack-Hillarp and Koelle. The large arteries of the carotid and vertebral systems bear dense cholinergic and adrenergic plexuses formed by transversal and longitudial neural fibres, which are located in the superficial and deep adventitial layers. The highest density of cholinergic and adrenergic fibres was observed on the arteries of humans and large mammals. Depending on the density of cholinergic and adrenergic fibres in the said arteries, the animals may be listed in the following order: rats, guinea-pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, swine, cows and horses. Basic differences in the structure of neural plexuses of humans and animals were not observed.
D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000294:innervation; D002415:Cats / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002417:Cattle / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000294:innervation*; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006168:Guinea Pigs / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006736:Horses / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D009411:Nerve Endings / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply; D011817:Rabbits / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D051381:Rats / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013552:Swine / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000294:innervation