title: Variations of Bender-Gestalt constriction and depression in adult psychiatric patients.
abstract: The present study explored variations of Bender-Gestalt constriction and their relation to depression. 20 Ss showing constriction of drawings on the upper half-page and 20 Ss showing constriction of drawings on the left half-page were compared with regard to MMPI Depression scores. No significant difference was found between these groups. However, when the constricted groups were combined and then compared with 40 Ss who did not show constriction of Bender drawings, the constricted group had significantly higher (p less than .05) MMPI Depression scores. Thus, variations in Bender constriction are not differently related to depression, but presence of constriction is an indicator. However, its rate of occurrence is so infrequent, appearing in only 5% of the records examined, that its clinical usefulness in the detection of depression is quite limited.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001538:Bender-Gestalt Test; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged