Influence of exogenous gangliosides on the three-dimensional sprouting of goldfish retinal explants in vitro.
To investigate the 3-dimensional outgrowth of ganglion cells of normal and regenerating goldfish retina, retinal explants were cultured in a serum free 3-D fibrin matrix. Daily applications of exogenous gangliosides (GM1), injected either intraocularly (i.o.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) had no significant effect on the sprouting activity of retinal explants prepared from lesion-activated goldfish whose corresponding optic nerve had been transected. However, in normal, unlesioned animals, a local i.o. injection of GM1 or mixed gangliosides led to a significant enhancement of the basal retinal sprouting activity as compared to controls, which were injected with a 0.9% NaCl solution. This ganglioside related stimulation was maximal after i.o. injection of low concentrations (3 micrograms/eye), didn't occur at high concentrations (30 micrograms/eye) and was similar to the response obtained after i.o. injection of NGF or insulin. I.o. injected phospholipids had no or a slightly inhibitory effect on the sprouting activity as compared to NaCl controls. Daily in vivo i.o. injections of the monoclonal antibody Q211, specifically recognizing c-pathway polysialogangliosides, led to a dose dependent inhibition of the in vitro sprouting of goldfish retina explants. In summary, these data suggest an involvement of gangliosides in the complex process of induction of neuronal sprouting.
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000502:physiology*; D006054:Goldfish / Q000502:physiology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects*; D012016:Reference Values; D012160:Retina / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000503:physiopathology; D013194:Staining and Labeling
D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside