title: Delta-opioid-receptor activation by [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin and morphine inhibits substance P release from trigeminal nucleus slices.
abstract: The release of substance P (SP) from spinal dorsal horn slices is partially inhibited by micromolar concentrations of selective delta-opioid receptor agonists. In the present study, we have examined the effect of nanomolar concentrations of [D-Pen2,D-Pen5]enkephalin (DPDPE, delta-opioid receptor agonist) and low micromolar of concentrations morphine on K(+)-evoked SP release from rat trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) slices. DPDPE and morphine inhibited SP release with an apparent maximal effect at 3 nM and at 3 microM, respectively. DPDPE and morphine produced U-shaped concentration-response curves that were completely autoinhibited at 100 nM DPDPE and 1 microM morphine. The inhibition of SP release produced by 3 nM DPDPE and 3 microM morphine was blocked by the opioid receptor antagonists naloxone (30 nM; non-selective) and ICI 174,864 (0.3 microM; delta-selective) but not by nor-binaltorphimine (3 nM n-BNI; kappa-selective), naloxonazine (1 nM; micro 1-selective) or beta-funaltrexamine (20 nM beta-FNA; mu-selective). These findings indicate that delta-opioid receptor-mediated inhibition of SP release from TNC can be achieved by nanomolar concentrations of selective delta-opioid receptor agonists. Activation of delta-opioid receptors by morphine might be involved in the residual analgesia observed after mu 1-opioid receptor blockade and in the analgesia produced by high doses of morphine.
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism*; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D004745:Enkephalins; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta; D013373:Substance P; D009020:Morphine; D020881:Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; D011188:Potassium