title: Cytogenetic damage induced in human lymphocytes by sodium bisulfite.
abstract: The frequencies of chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), and micronuclei (MN) in human blood lymphocytes exposed to sodium bisulfite (sulfur dioxide) at various concentrations ranging from 5 x 10(-5) M to 2 x 10(-3) M in vitro were studied. It was shown that sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3 and Na2SO3, 1:3 M/M) caused an increase in SCE and MN in human blood lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner, and also induced mitotic delays and decreased mitotic index. For CA, our results indicated that sodium bisulfite induced an increase of chromatid-type aberrations in lymphocytes from three of four donors in a dose-dependent manner. The chemical at low concentrations induced chromatid-type aberrations, but not chromosome-type aberrations; high concentrations induced both chromatid- and chromosome-type aberrations. No cytogenetic damage in human lymphocytes was induced by sodium sulfate. The results have confirmed that sulfur dioxide is a clastogenic and genotoxic agent.
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D013447:Sulfites / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D013447:Sulfites; C009279:sodium bisulfite