Comparison of intrinsic versus paced ventricular function.
There is increasing evidence supporting the benefits of providing optimum AV delay in cardiac pacing, though controversy exists regarding its value and the benefits of intrinsic versus paced ventricular activation. This study compared various AV delays at rest in patients whose native AV delays were > or = 200 msec. Only patients with DDD pacemakers who had intact AV conduction and normal ventricular activation were included in the study. Nine patients were studied.


METHODS
Ten studies were performed. Evaluation was done in AAI and DDD modes at paced heart rates of 60/min or as close as possible to the intrinsic heart rate if this was > 60/min. Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were measured.


RESULTS
When AV sequential pacing in the DDD mode with an optimum AV delay was compared to AAI pacing with a prolonged AV interval, the average optimum AV delay in the DDD mode was 157 msec and ranged from 125 to 175 msec. The average AV interval in the AAI mode was 245 msec and ranged from 212 to 300 msec. In the DDD mode, there was an overall significant improvement in CO of 11% and SV of 9%. Patients with intrinsic AV conduction times of > 220 msec showed an overall significant improvement in CO of 13% and SV of 11%. In patients with intrinsic AV conduction times of < 220 msec, an improvement in CO of 6% and SV of 4% was seen.


CONCLUSIONS
(1) An optimum AV delay is an important component of hemodynamic performance; and (2) AV sequential pacing at rest with an optimum AV delay may provide better hemodynamic performance than atrial pacing with intrinsic ventricular conduction when native AV conduction is prolonged > 220 msec.
D000368:Aged; D001146:Arrhythmia, Sinus / Q000628:therapy*; D001283:Atrioventricular Node / Q000502:physiology; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000628:therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000502:physiology*