title: Absence of vesicoureteral reflux after stone basket manipulation. Reflections on iatrogenic reflux.
abstract: Twenty-four patients were studied after cystoscopic basket manipulation for distal ureteral calculi. Voiding cystourethrograms or cystograms were obtained at varying intervals post-operatively to detect evidence of vesicoureteral reflux. Reflux did not develop in any of the patients. In comparison with other known causes of iatrogenic reflux, stone basket manipulation does not appear to interfere with anatomic factors which normally prevent incompetence of the ureterovesical valvular mechanism.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D008297:Male; D008722:Methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D014707:Vermont; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents