title: Activation of an epithelial neurokinin NK-1 receptor induces relaxation of rat trachea through release of prostaglandin E2.
abstract: We studied the type of neurokinin (NK) receptor involved in the epithelium-dependent substance P (SP)-induced relaxation of rat trachea precontracted with serotonin (5-HT). We first compared the relaxant effects of different agonists to the three NK receptors on rat trachea in the presence (E+) and absence (E-) of the epithelium. The three agonists to the NK-1 receptor, SP, SP-O-methylester and [beta Ala4, Sar9, Met(O2)] SP(4-11), at a concentration of 1 microM induced a relaxation of 40 +/- 5, 33 +/- 4 and 31 +/- 6%, respectively in E+ segments. They had weak and nonsignificant effects in E- segments. In addition, (+/-)CP-96,345 (1 microM), the NK-1-selective non-peptide antagonist, inhibited the SP-induced relaxation by 45%. Conversely, the three NK-2 receptor agonists, NKA, NKA(4-10) and [Nle10]NKA(4-10), and the two NK-3 receptor agonists, neurokinin B (NKB) and [MePhe7]NKB(4-10), had no effect on E+ or E- tracheal segments. The N-terminal SP fragment SP(1-9) was also inactive. These results suggest that SP-induced relaxation is mediated through activation of epithelial NK-1 receptors. Preincubation with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (2.8 microM), abrogated the relaxant effect of the three NK-1 receptor agonists on E+ tracheas. We measured in additional experiments prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), PGF2 alpha, 6-keto PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2. SP (1 microM) induced a 6.1-fold increase in PGE2 production (from 13 pg after 5-HT to 78 pg) in E+ segments, whereas only a 1.5-fold increase occurred in E- preparations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
mesh_terms: D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000737:chemistry; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D015287:Neurokinin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018041:Receptors, Neurokinin-2; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects*; D013373:Substance P / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D018041:Receptors, Neurokinin-2; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; C056250:epithelium-derived relaxant factor; D013373:Substance P; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; D015287:Neurokinin B; D015237:Dinoprost; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin