Synthesis of the antileukemic compound N,N(11)-[5-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-1, 3-phenylene]bisurea.
Conversion of 5-nitro-1, 3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (1) to the diamide 2 followed by hypochlorite rearrangement to the idamine 3 and subsequent reaction with acetic anhydride gave the bisacetamide 4. Reduction to the amine 5 followed by treatment with ethylene oxide formed the diol 6. The latter was converted to the bistosylate 7, which undrewent facile displacement with lithium chloride in acetone to give the mustard 8. Removal of the acetyl groups with hydrochloric acid gave 9, which reacted with potassium cyanate to provide the bisurea 10. In an alternative, but less satisfactory synthesis of 10, the compound (5-nitro-1, 3-phenylene) biscarbamic acid diphenyl ester (11), or the corresponding diethyl ester 12, was converted by ammonolysis to 13. The nitrodiurea 13 was next reduced to the amine 14, the hydrochloride of which reacted with ethylene oxide to give the diol 15. Treatment of the latter in dimethylformamide with N-chlorosuccinimide in the presence of triphenylphosphine gave 10 in low yield. The nitrogen mustards 8, 9 and 10 showed significant antitumor activities against P388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice.
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds