title: Radiographic aspects of permanent cardiac pacemakers.
abstract: Radiographic findings in patients with permanent cardiac pacemakers are described, and recent advances in pulse generator and lead design are presented. Emphasis is placed on those findings which are related to (a) complications of cardiac pacing, (b) radiographic configurations of new energy sources and lead/electrode systems, and (c) a new system of pulse generator identification.
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D011859:Radiography; D012421:Rupture