Recall of familiar objects and projected color photographys of objects by mentally retarded individuals of comparable mental age.
The effects of cue-availability on short-term and long-term recall of 40 mentally retarded children were investigated. Subjects were chosen on the basis of comparable mental age (approximately 90 mo.) and randomly assigned to either an objects (high cues) group or slides (low cues) group. 52 familiar objects served as stimuli for the objects group and projected color photographs of the objects were presented to the slides group. In the short-term recall session the subjects were shown stimuli grouped into eight trials and asked to recall the names of the stimuli in each trial ten seconds after presentation. Delayed recall was obtained 48 hr. later in a free recall session. The objects group scored significantly higher than the slides group on memory span (p less than .01), short-term recall (p less than .001), and delayed recall (p less than .025). The facilitation of recall achieved by using three-dimensional stimuli was clearly demonstrated, and the relative degree of facilitation was comparable for both short- and long-term recall.
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003463:Cues; D004495:Education of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008568:Memory; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D011939:Mental Recall; D013028:Space Perception; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception