title: Changes in circadian sodium excretion in patients with essential hypertension and with renal artery stenosis.
abstract: In groups of healthy volunteers (C), patients with essential hypertension (EH), and patients with renal arterial stenosis (S), the following indicators were followed during 12-hour daytime (d) and nighttime (n) intervals: mean BP, endogenous creatinine clearance Ccr (GF), excretion of sodium (UNaV) and potassium (UKV), and their excretion fractions (CNa/GF and CK/GF). The d/n ratios of both UNaV and CNa/GF were significantly lowered in both groups of hypertensive persons as against the controls (1.5): in the EH, to 1.1, and in the S, to 0.8 on the average. Positively correlated with the value of the d/n ratio of the sodium excretion are the changes in the d/n ratios of water and solute excretions. The daytime potassium excretion exceeded the nighttime values in both groups of hypertensive persons. The d/n ratios of UKV and CK/GF were, however, significantly lowered as compared to the control values. These signs of disturbances of the circadian excretion of Na and K in EH and S exhibited no correlations with the values, or rhythms, of the mean BP, GF, or dietary uptake of sodium. The results do not indicate that the antihypertensive drugs used (alpha-methyldopa, dihydralazine, reserpine) would influence the circadian rhythm of Na excretion. The factors responsible for the disturbances of the circadian rhythms of Na and K excretion in hypertensive subjects have not yet been revealed.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000652:urine*; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium