title: In vitro evaluation of a sensor sensitive to acceleration forces included in a new rate modulated pacemaker.
abstract: The characteristics of the sensor and rate adaptive algorithm included in a new dual chamber rate responsive pacemaker (Relay 294-03, Intermedics, Inc.) were studied by submitting the device to calibrated to-and-fro movements of specific frequencies and peak accelerations by means of a mechanical arm connected to a speed adapter. Atrial pacing rate was continuously recorded on a Holter monitor. The influences of the frequency, the magnitude, and the axis of the acceleration forces as well as the reproducibility of the rate response were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The sensor was sensitive to frequencies ranging from 0.5 to 7 Hz with a peak sensitivity at 3 Hz; (2) the pacing rate was not affected during movements at frequencies > 6 Hz, commonly presented as nonactivity related signals (car, bus transportation, drilling....); (3) the pacing rate increased as a function of the acceleration magnitude up to 0.5 G (0.3 G for 3 Hz), then remained constant. This level of acceleration usually corresponds to high degrees of activity; (4) rate response was maximum when acceleration was directed in the anteroposterior direction; (5) reproducibility of the rate response was excellent (R2: 0.999; slope of the regression line: 0.999).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relay 294-03 is a low frequency signal sensing rate modulated pacemaker using an accelerometer sensitive to motion, mainly in the anteroposterior direction.
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000465:Algorithms; D002138:Calibration; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D004867:Equipment Design; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted