title: Acute and chronic effects of 4-chloroamphetamine on monoamine metabolism in the rat brain.
abstract: The acute administration of 4-chloroamphetamine caused a marked reduction in the concentration of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and a rise in dopamine in the rat brain. Following the injection of 3H-tyrosine and 3H-tryptophane into rats treated with 4-chloroamphetamine, there was a reduction in brain levels of 3H-dopamine and 3H-serotonin. Although the endogenous concentration of noradrenaline was not affected by 4-chloroamphetamine, there is evidence that its reuptake into neurones was reduced and its release increased by the drug. Following the administration of 4-chloroamphetamine for 10 days, the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was reduced; no other changes in amine metabolism were apparent. From this investigation, and those of others, it appears that following acute administration, 4-chloroamphetamine has a neurochemical profile which has a similarity to that of many tricyclic antidepressants. However, there is a marked discrepancy between the acute and chronic effects of 4-CA on brain amine metabolism. Such findings are difficult to reconcile with the widely accepted theory that antidepressant drugs counteract the symptoms of depression by increasing the concentration of noradrenaline and/or serotonin at receptor sites within the brain.
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D009647:Normetanephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism; D014439:Tyramine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D001679:Biogenic Amines; D009647:Normetanephrine; D012701:Serotonin; D014443:Tyrosine; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine; D014364:Tryptophan; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D014439:Tyramine