title: Modified tetrachrome method for osteoid and defectively mineralized bone in paraffin sections.
abstract: A new modification of the tetrachrome method for bone osteoid in paraffin sections has been designed. The modified tetrachrome method suitable for routine use in any histology laboratory retains the simplicity of the original method and gives good results on the freshly fixed, decalcified, paraffin embedded material. Osteoid tissue is stained deep blue and normally mineralized bone is stained red. Defectively mineralized bone stains pale blue or pink and the cellular population is clearly identifiable. The ability to distinguish the osteoid tissue from mineralized bone and connective tissue and cartilage makes diagnosis of osteomalacia or osteoid producing tumors or assessment of ossification process straightforward, without the need for undecalcified sections. By displaying simultaneously irregularities in the mineralized matrix and morphology of bone cells, the method also permits the diagnosis of conditions recently described in patients with osteoporotic fractures, such as osteocytic degeneration and bone tissue defects.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006416:Hematoxylin; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D010772:Phosphotungstic Acid; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D002843:Chromatin; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010772:Phosphotungstic Acid; C017006:aniline blue; D006416:Hematoxylin