title: Efficacy of activated charcoal hemoperfusion in removing lethal doses of barbiturates and salicylate from the blood of rats and dogs.
abstract: Rats were injected intraperitoneally with lethal doses of sodium pentobarbital (115 mg/kg) or a lethal mixture of sodium salicylate (500 mg/kg) and sodium acetazolamide (25 mg/kg). Within about 20 min, part of each group was connected to an extracorporeal circuit containing uncoated activated charcoal and part to an empty control circuit. After a 90-min hemoperfusion, the treated groups showed a significantly decreased mortality (58% to 14% for pentobarbital; 100% to 0% for salicylate). Dogs were injected intravenously with lethal doses of sodium phenobarbital (175 mg/kg). One group was treated by hemoperfusion through an empty device in a control extracorporeal circuit, a second group was treated with loose-bed activated charcoal devices, and a third group with fixed-bed activated charcoal devices. For both the fixed and loose-bed devices, a 5-h hemoperfusion markedly decreased mortality (100% to less than or equal to 15%). The lethal combination of salicylate and closed-circuit methoxyflurane anesthesia was also successfully treated in dogs. This study clearly demonstrates the lifesaving potential of uncoated activated charcoal hemoperfusion.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001463:Barbiturates / Q000097:blood*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000633:toxicity; D010477:Perfusion; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000097:blood; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D051381:Rats; D012459:Salicylates / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001463:Barbiturates; D012459:Salicylates; D002606:Charcoal; D010424:Pentobarbital; D010634:Phenobarbital