title: [Neutral and zwitterionic detergents: dependence of biological effectiveness on critical micellar concentration].
abstract: The biological activity of various zwitterionic and nonionic detergents was studied as a function of the corresponding critical micellar concentration (CMC-values). The criteria chosen to measure biological activities were inhibition of bioluminescence, lysis and cell-killing of Vibrio fischeri, hemolysis, and inhibition of Daphnia magna. When Zwittergent-detergents were studied in three different bioassays their biological activity increased with decreasing CMC-values. However, the biological activity of various TWEEN-detergents and alkylglucopyranosides depended on CMC-values in a very different way. We therefore conclude that CMC-values, length of alkylgroups and charge are parameters not yet sufficient to predict the potential toxicity of detergents.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Winkler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003621:Daphnia / Q000187:drug effects; D003902:Detergents / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
vernacular_title: Neutrale und zwitterionische Detergenzien: Abhängigkeit der biologischen Wirksamkeit von der kritischen Micellenkonzentration.