title: c-myc hypermutation in Burkitt's lymphoma.
abstract: Translocation between the c-myc protooncogene and one of the three immunoglobulin loci is a cytogenetic hallmark of the B cell tumor, Burkitt's lymphoma. The resulting deregulation of c-myc expression is a critical step in tumorigenesis. The translocation breakpoint may lie within c-myc proper, in which case deregulation is due, in part, to dissociation of key 5' regulatory sequences from the protein-coding portions of the gene. Alternatively, the breakpoint may flank c-myc, leaving the gene grossly intact. In these latter cases, mutation, which may be extensive, is usually seen within c-myc, specifically at or near the same key regulatory sequences. The precise contribution of these mutations to c-myc deregulation is gradually being clarified. The mechanisms underlying c-myc mutations are not known. Hypermutation in c-myc may reflect the influence of the juxtaposed immunoglobulin gene, which is subject to hypermutation during an intermediate stage of normal B lymphoid development. This relationship, however, has not been firmly established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84112.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D014158:Transcription, Genetic