title: Successful management of inferior vena cava and right atrial nephroblastoma tumor thrombus with preoperative chemotherapy.
abstract: Involvement of inferior vena cava (IVC) by tumor thrombus occurs in up to 10% of patients with nephroblastoma. Right atrial involvement by tumor thrombus is much less frequent. Four patients presenting with advanced nephroblastoma were diagnosed as having IVC involvement with tumor thrombus. Two of these patients had in addition thrombus extending up to the right atrium. All 4 patients were treated with preoperative chemotherapy (vincristine, actinomycin D, 4-epi-Adriamycin). Nephrectomy was subsequently performed without undue difficulty on all 4 patients. The intravascular tumor thrombus had completely cleared in all 4 patients and most of the primary renal tumor was necrotic. The results obtained with preoperative chemotherapy as given to these patients mediates strongly against difficult surgery being undertaken as primary treatment for such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Oberholzer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Falkson
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: De Jager
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin