title: Multiply charged negative ions by electrospray ionization of polypeptides and proteins.
abstract: Multiply deprotonated polypeptide and protein molecules, (M - nH)n-, produced from pH approximately 11 aqueous solutions, are analyzed by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Aqueous ammonium hydroxide solutions of the analyte are shown to be preferable to sodium hydroxide solutions for negative-ion ESI due to the production of multiply sodiated protein species from the latter system. Proteins with Mr to 66,000 and having up to 57 negative charges have been detected. Multiply charged negative ions can be produced from ESI of the highly acidic protein pepsin (Mr approximately 34,600) because of its relatively large number of acidic residues, 42. In contrast, the small number of basic amino acid residues for pepsin (4) does not allow formation of highly protonated species essential for positive-ion detection, for mass spectrometers of limited m/z range. Similarly, negative-ion ESI-MS is extended to large oligosaccharide analysis. Preliminary tandem mass spectrometry experiments of multiply charged polypeptide anions demonstrate the utility and potential of negative-ion ESI-MS for structural elucidation.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Sciences Department, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Loo
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Light
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Edmonds
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000737:chemistry; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D009211:Myoglobin / Q000737:chemistry; D010434:Pepsin A / Q000737:chemistry; D010435:Pepsinogens / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D007477:Ions; D009211:Myoglobin; D010435:Pepsinogens; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D003208:Concanavalin A; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D010434:Pepsin A