title: Impact of Pneumocystis carinii and cytomegalovirus on the course and outcome of atypical pneumonia in advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease.
abstract: Patients undergoing bronchoscopy for possible pneumocystis pneumonia were studied retrospectively to characterize the impact of common viral pathogens on the course of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and atypical pneumonia. In 327 episodes, Pneumocystis carinii was found in 220 (67%), cytomegalovirus (CMV) in 145 (44%), and herpes simplex virus in 16 (5%). Early deterioration in oxygenation and use of intensive care was less common in CMV-positive patients. Neither CMV nor P. carinii was a predictor of mortality in multivariate analyses. CMV was not associated with an increased prevalence of later CMV disease. Isolation of CMV from the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of these patients was not an indication for antiviral therapy. Pulmonary shedding of CMV may be associated with a decreased inflammatory response to P. carinii. The outcome of HIV-associated atypical pneumonia where no clear pulmonary pathogen is found on routine evaluation was no better than that of treated P. carinii pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, UCSD Medical Center 92103-8208.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bozzette
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arcia
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bartok
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McGlynn
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: McCutchan
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Spector
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome