title: Efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the individual and combined toxicity of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A.
abstract: A 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of dietary aflatoxin (3.5 micrograms/g), ochratoxin A (2.0 micrograms/g), and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS, .5%) was used to evaluate the individual and combined effects of these treatments. There were six replicate pens of 10 broilers per pen for each of the eight treatments. The broilers were maintained on these treatments from 1 day to 3 wk of age with feed and water available for ad libitum intake. Aflatoxin and ochratoxin A each significantly decreased body weight, serum protein, albumin, and cholesterol and increased the relative weight of the liver, kidney, and proventriculus. Aflatoxin increased the relative weight of the heart and decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase activity and ochratoxin A increased serum uric acid. The toxicity resulting from the combination of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A was more severe than when either of these mycotoxins were present alone. Addition of HSCAS alone did not alter any of the parameters evaluated. The HSCAS reduced the toxicity of aflatoxin, but had little effect on either the toxicity of ochratoxin A alone or the toxicity resulting from the combination of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Kubena
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000506:poisoning*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011041:Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011531:Proventriculus / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D017641:Zeolites; D000096702:Aflatoxin Poisoning
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol; D009793:Ochratoxins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D014527:Uric Acid; D017641:Zeolites; C025589:ochratoxin A