title: Disease effects and associations.
abstract: 1. The most common disease leading to end-stage renal disease were IDDM for Whites (36%), hypertensive NS for Blacks (26%), and CGN for Hispanics (35%) and Asians (47%). These racial differences should be taken into account in analyzing outcomes with respect to disease. 2. Differences in graft survival associated with different primary diseases were more apparent among Whites than Blacks. Race, rather than disease, was the dominant factor. 3. One-year graft survival was consistently highest for patients with IgA nephropathy (87%) and poorest for patients with SLE (78%). The difference across the spectrum of original diseases was significant (p < 0.001). 4. About 84% of White diabetics and 90% of those under age 50 had an HLA-DR3 or 4 tissue type compared with 50% of White donors (p < 0.001). The 1-year graft survival rate was 80% for DR3 or 4 IDDM patients and 74% for non-DR3/4 patients (p < 0.001). Black IDDM patients also had a significantly increased frequency of DR3 and 4 compared with Black donors (46% vs 32%, p < 0.001) and a similar trend toward higher graft survival, although the difference was not significant. 5. Of Whites transplanted with SLE, 60% had HLA-DR2 or 3 compared with 47% of donors (p < 0.001) and those with DR2 or 3 had significantly higher 1-year graft survival rates. Similar trends were noted for Blacks with SLE. 6. HLA-DR2 was present in 46 of 72 patients (64%) transplanted for Goodpasture's syndrome, compared with 28% of donors. Despite the small numbers, 1-year grafts survival was significantly better in the HLA-DR2 group (p = 0.006). 7. Significantly higher graft survival rates were observed among patients with HLA-DR1 in non-HLA-DR-associated diseases (CGN, IN, NS, or PC) but not in HLA-DR-associated diseases such as IDDM and SLE. 8. There were significant differences in recipient age and sex distributions in the major disease groups. Blacks under age 50 had significantly poorer outcomes than comparable Whites. 9. Pretransplantation health status influenced graft outcome in all disease groups. Patients with IDDM or NS were generally less healthy and correspondingly more debilitated than patients with other diseases. 10. Diabetic given a simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplant had 83% 1-year graft survival compared with 78% for those given a kidney alone (p < 0.001).
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitsuishi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cecka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006680:HLA Antigens; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012042:Registries; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens