title: [Endoplasmic reticulum (a review of the literature)].
abstract: Recent data on the structural and molecular organisation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are reviewed. A special attention is paid to the mechanism of soluble and integral membrane protein translocation across the ER bilayer. A model of phospholipid-coupled polypeptide translocation is introduced served to overcome hydrophobic and (or) conformational constraints during the passage of polar amino acid residues within a polar environment of the ER membrane. In addition the mechanisms of diverse covalent and noncovalent post-translocational polypeptide modifications are considered, together with the process of the sorting events among ER-resident polypeptides and those destined to leave the ER domain for the Golgi apparatus.
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Nevorotin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010455:Peptides
vernacular_title: Endoplazmaticheskiĭ retikulum (obzor literatury).