title: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for neonatal respiratory failure.
abstract: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been a successful treatment (82% survival) in over 5000 neonates with severe respiratory failure (80% predicted mortality without ECMO). ECMO is prolonged extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass achieved by extrathoracic vascular cannulation using a modified heart-lung machine. ECMO is currently the treatment of choice for full-term newborns with severe respiratory failure. The report summarizes indications, resulting complications, and future applications of neonatal ECMO.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zwischenberger
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cox
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000009:adverse effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome