title: Biological requirements for material integration.
abstract: The recognition that synthetic devices can provide functional replacements for failed teeth, or for previously edentulous areas, has resulted in increased emphasis being placed on understanding of the interactions between synthetic materials and host tissues in order for the success of these devices to be optimized. A key to achievement of an optimal biological interface between the implant and the surrounding tissue is through an understanding of host response to materials. This article reviews the biological requirements for implant-tissue integration, with specific focus on the role of adhesion molecules and cytokines (growth factors) in this process. Adhesion molecule/cytokine interactions are discussed, and in particular the possible role for osteopontin, an adhesion molecule as well as a cytokine, is considered in wound healing. Finally, the causes of peri-implantitis are discussed, and methods of decontamination are presented. The decontamination methods focus on enhancement of cell adhesion and integration to the altered implant surface.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Dental School, Ann Arbor 48109.
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: O'Neal
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sauk
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Somerman
mesh_terms: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D015921:Dental Implants; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016023:Integrins / Q000502:physiology; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D053495:Osteopontin; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D015921:Dental Implants; D016023:Integrins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D013002:Somatomedins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D053495:Osteopontin