title: Selection of nutrition support regimens.
abstract: The selection of a nutrition support regimen should be the product of a logical, stepwise process. After an appropriate candidate is selected, the integrity and function of the gastrointestinal tract must be assessed to determine if nutrients can be administered enterally or must be given by vein. The anticipated length of therapy will help determine the type of feeding access. Long-term nutrition support requires permanent access, such as a percutaneously or surgically placed feeding tube for enteral nutrition or a tunnelled catheter or implanted port for parenteral nutrition. Formula selection for enteral nutrition, providing adequate liver and renal function, depends largely on the patient's ability to assimilate intact nutrients. The primary decision in parenteral formula selection is whether to provide the macronutrients as a mixed fuel system. The ultimate goal of nutrition support is to make a smooth transition to oral feedings while maintaining adequate nutritional intake.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: DeChicco
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Matarese
mesh_terms: D003663:Decision Trees; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000592:standards*