title: [Increased risk factors for the occurrence of bladder cancer].
abstract: Risk factors of bladder cancer development were studied in a population-based case-control epidemiological study performed in Moscow. Relative risk (RR) indexes appeared to be increased in smokers (4.2) and ex-smokers (3.5) with statistically significant trends for two most important factors such as duration of smoking and duration of withdrawal. A pronounced although insignificant increase in the RR indexes was established for drivers (3.0) and a slight insignificant rise-for gas arc welding operators (1.5). The indexes were increased in subjects with a family history of cancer. The relative risk of cancer was significantly lower in beta-carotene consumers. A preventive effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oil and margarine used for frying was established. Risk of bladder cancer tended to increase with a rise in dietary protein. A dose-effect type inhibition of advancement of the disease by vitamin C was observed.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Zaridze
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Nekrasova
authors.forename: T Kh
authors.initials: TKh
authors.lastname: Basieva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009031:Moscow / Q000453:epidemiology; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics
vernacular_title: Faktory povyshennogo riska vozniknoveniia raka mochevogo puzyria.