The influence of head position and head reorientation on the axis of eye rotation and the vestibular time constant during postrotatory nystagmus.
Reorienting the head with respect to gravity during the postrotatory period alters the time course of postrotatory nystagmus (PRN), hastening its decline and thereby reducing the calculated vestibular time constant. One explanation for this phenomenon is that the head reorientation results in a corresponding reorientation of the axis of eye rotation with respect to head coordinates. This possibility was investigated in 10 human subjects whose eye movements were monitored with a three-dimensional magnetic field - search - coil technique using a variety of head reorientation paradigms in a randomized order during PRN following the termination of a 90 degrees/s rotation about earth vertical. Average eye velocities were calculated over two time intervals: from 1 s to 2 s and from 7 s to 8 s after cessation of head rotation. The time constant was estimated as one third of the duration of PRN. For most conditions, a reorientation of the head with respect to gravity 2 s after the rotation had stopped did not significantly alter the direction of the eye velocity vector of PRN with respect to head coordinates. This strongly indicates that, in humans, PRN is mainly stabilized in head coordinates and not in space coordinates, even if the otolith input changes. This finding invalidates the notion that the shortening of PRN due to reorientation of the head could be due to a change of the eye velocity vector towards a direction (torsion), which is not detectable with the eye recording methods (electrooculography) used in earlier studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Fetter
M
M
Department of Neurology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Tweed
D
D
Hermann
W
W
Wohland-Braun
B
B
Koenig
E
E
D000328:Adult; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009760:Nystagmus, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000502:physiology*