title: [Effect of the father-daughter relationship on the morphological development of the mammary glands].
abstract: The puberal development of the mammary glands is the result of a final increase of serum estradiol. Having observed that the relationship with the father can affect the concentration of estradiol in the serum, the authors studied the relationship between the intensity of that interaction and the morphological development of the breasts, a standing witness in a woman's body of the concentration of estradiol in the serum during the pubertal stage. The study had two parts: 1) The review of the clinical histories of 145 nulliparous women between 18 and 25 years of age. 57.3% lived with their fathers, while 42.6% had no father, either because of death or separation. The difference between both groups in breast size as well as in the width of the areola was significant. There was also a significant difference depending on whether the separation occurred before or after the girl was 9 years old. 2) The administration of a questionnaire to 90 nulliparous women between the ages of 18 and 25, to establish the intensity of the father/daughter relationship. The results showed significant differences between the intensity of the father/daughter relationship, breast size and width of the areola. There was no significant correlation between the intensity of the relationship and the pigmentation of the areola in either of the two phases.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Psiquiatría, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rísquez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Herrera
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000254:growth & development*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005219:Father-Child Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009558:Nipples / Q000254:growth & development; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011627:Puberty / Q000523:psychology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012880:Skin Pigmentation
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol
vernacular_title: Influencia de la relación Padre-Hija sobre el desarrollo morfológico de las glándulas mamarias.