title: Resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents in Spain.
abstract: As a consequence of antibiotic consumption, the entire microbial ecosystem attached to man is evolving towards resistance. In Spain, penicillin resistance (MIC > 0.5 mg/l) is found in about 10% of Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium perfringens and Eubacterium, and in 50% of Veillonella. Cefoxitin resistance ( > 2 mg/l) is present in 10 to 20% of Peptostreptococcus and Clostridium, and in 50% of Eubacterium; 21% of Bacteroides (fragilis group) strains are resistant to 16 mg/l. A very low rate of imipenem resistance (> or = 128 mg/l) is found among Bacteroides (1%), but for 5% of the isolates MICs of imipenem are 2 to 4 mg/l. Metronidazole resistance ( > 8 mg/l) is found in 5 to 10% of Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium and Veillonella, and in less than 1% of the Bacteroides fragilis group. Erythromycin resistance ( > 2 mg/l) is present in over two-thirds of the Peptostreptococcus, Veillonella and Fusobacterium isolates, and in 27% of the Clostridium perfringens strains. Clindamycin resistance ( > 4 mg/l) is found in 10 to 20% of the Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium and Eubacterium isolates, and in 20% of the Bacteroides of the fragilis group, this rate being higher (30%) among faecal isolates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baquero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reig
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002440:Cefoxitin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D008795:Metronidazole; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D002440:Cefoxitin; D015378:Imipenem