title: A fourth type of brachial plexus injury: middle lesion (C7).
abstract: The authors describe a fourth type of traumatic brachial plexus lesion which was found in 11% of injuries to the spinal nerve roots, trunks and cords. This lesion consists of isolated or predominant lesion of the middle elements. While high lesions are caused by shoulder trauma in a downward direction and low lesions by trauma in abduction, middle lesions are produced by trauma in an anteroposterior direction. The high incidence of this type of lesion led the authors to propose the following new classification: high lesions (C5, C6)(Duchenne-Erb); middle lesions (C7); low lesions (C8, T1) (Dejerine-Klumpke); complete lesions.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Ortopedica dell'Università, Brescia.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Brunelli
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Brunelli
mesh_terms: D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000293:injuries; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000145:classification