title: Comparison of the vasoconstrictor responses induced by endothelin and phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate in bovine cerebral arteries.
abstract: The vascular effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) were compared with those elicited by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB), an activator of the protein kinase C (PKC), to analyze the involvement of this enzyme on ET-1 responses. PDB and ET-1 caused slow-developing contractions (sustained and transient, respectively), which were reduced by the PKC inhibitor, staurosporine (1 and 10 nM). Only the contractile effects evoked by ET-1 were reduced in Ca-free medium and by the Ca channel antagonist, nifedipine (1 microM), and increased by the Ca channel agonist, BAY K 8644 (10 nM). PDB (10 and 30 nM) preincubation reduced the vasoconstriction elicited by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 0.01, 0.1 and 1 microM) in a way dependent on phorbol concentration and preincubation time, whereas ET-1 (1 nM) increased the contractile response to 5-HT (0.1 microM). Furthermore, PDB (0.1 microM) also reduced the responses elicited by ET-1 (30 microM) and vice versa. ET-1 (0.1 microM) induced transient translocation of PKC activity from the cytosol to the membrane, which was less than that produced by PDB (0.1 microM). Electrical stimulation induced [3H]noradrenaline (NA) release, which was increased by PDB (10 and 100 nM) and not affected by ET-1 (10 nM). These results indicate: (1) the responses induced by PDB and ET-1 were independent and dependent on extracellular Ca, respectively; (2) PKC is involved in NA release and 5-HT responses, but mainly in desensitization of these responses, and (3) PKC is activated by ET-1 and is implicated in vascular actions of ET-1, but other mechanisms, such as the activation of ET-1 receptors and opening of dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca channels also appear to be involved.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Encabo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peiró
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: de Sagarra
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balfagón
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008566:Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000187:drug effects*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D012701:Serotonin; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium