title: Regulation of galanin secretion from pituitary cells in vitro by estradiol and GHRH.
abstract: The effects of estradiol and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) on galanin release from anterior pituitary cells were examined in vitro. 17-beta-Estradiol (0.001-10 nM) increased galanin secretion from anterior pituitary cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Estradiol (10 nM) increased galanin release 300 and 600% from pituitary cells of ovariectomized and male rats, respectively. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated that estradiol (10 nM) increased the number of galanin-containing cells twofold after 4 days in culture. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (1 and 10 nM) increased and SRIF (1 and 10 nM) decreased galanin release from pituitary cells of ovariectomized and male rats. We conclude that estradiol increases galanin release by a direct effect on pituitary cells, in part by increasing the number of pituitary cells synthesizing galanin. In addition, GHRH stimulates galanin release when estradiol levels are low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington 40536.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hemmer
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hyde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019004:Galanin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D013004:Somatostatin; D019004:Galanin; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone