title: Cell-free translocation of recombinant p47-phox, a component of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase: effects of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), diacylglycerol, and an anionic amphiphile.
abstract: We reported previously that diacylglycerol (diC8) and GTP gamma S synergize with an anionic amphiphile such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to produce high rates of superoxide generation in a cell-free system consisting of neutrophil plasma membrane plus cytosol [Burnham, D. N., Uhlinger, D. J., & Lambeth, J. D. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 17550-17559]. Here we investigate the effects of these activating factors on the plasma membrane association in an in vitro translated radiolabeled recombinant p47-phox protein. Apparent translocation, assayed by cosedimentation with plasma membranes, required the presence of excess cytosol and an anionic amphiphile, was enhanced by both GTP gamma S and diC8, and was inhibited by high salt, correlating qualitatively with activation; up to 70% cosedimentation was observed with the combination of activators (compared with less than 20% in their absence). Similar results were obtained using heat-inactivated cytosol, wherein another oxidase component, p67-phox, has been inactivated. Unexpectedly, from 50 to 80% of the apparent translocation occurred in the absence of membranes, indicating that protein aggregation accounted for a significant part of the observed translocation. Nevertheless, the percent translocation was increased in all cases by the presence of membranes, indicating some degree of protein-membrane interaction. While a control in vitro translated protein failed to translocate, cosedimentation of p47-phox occurred equally well when red blood cell or neutrophil plasma membranes lacking cytochrome b558 were used. Also, the peptide RGVHFIF, which is contained within the C-terminus of the large subunit of cytochrome b558, failed to inhibit translocation/aggregation of p47-phox, despite its ability to inhibit cell-free activation of the oxidase. The data are consistent with the following: (a) SDS, diC8, and GTP gamma S all act on cytosolic components to alter protein-protein and/or protein-membrane associations, and these changes are necessary (but not sufficient) for activation; (b) these altered associations are likely to function by increasing the local concentration of p47-phox and other components at the plasma membrane; (c) a high background of nonspecific associations in the cell-free activation system is likely to obscure any specific, functionally relevant associations (e.g., with cytochrome b558); and (d) the mechanism of translocation in the cell-free system differs from that seen in intact neutrophils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Emory University Medical School, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neckelmann
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Uhlinger
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Burnham
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lambeth
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000838:Anions; D001345:Autoradiography; D001483:Base Sequence; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003573:Cytochrome b Group / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000201:enzymology*; D010957:Plasmids; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D003573:Cytochrome b Group; D004075:Diglycerides; D013481:Superoxides; D016244:Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); C036888:cytochrome b558; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases