title: Inappropriate medication prescribing in skilled-nursing facilities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the appropriateness of medication prescriptions in nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve nursing homes in the greater Los Angeles area.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1106 nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The appropriateness of medication prescriptions was evaluated using explicit criteria developed through consensus by 13 experts from the United States and Canada. These experts identified 19 drugs that should generally be avoided and 11 doses, frequencies, or durations of use of specific drugs that generally should not be exceeded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the consensus criteria, 40% of residents received at least one inappropriate medication order, and 10% received two or more inappropriate medication orders concurrently; 7% of all prescriptions were inappropriate. Physicians prescribed a greater number of inappropriate medications for female residents. Regression analysis, corrected for clustering effects within facilities, showed that a greater number of inappropriate medication prescriptions were ordered in larger nursing homes. Inappropriate prescriptions were not related to the proportion of Medicaid (Medi-Cal) residents or the number of physicians practicing in the homes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inappropriate medication prescribing in nursing homes is common. Female residents and residents of large nursing homes are at the greatest risk for receiving an inappropriate prescription.
authors.affiliation: UCLA School of Medicine.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Beers
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ouslander
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Fingold
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Reuben
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zeffren
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000592:standards; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006276:Health Facility Size; D006300:Health Services Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012866:Skilled Nursing Facilities / Q000592:standards*