title: Interleukin 10 inhibits allogeneic proliferative and cytotoxic T cell responses generated in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures.
abstract: The effects of IL-10 on the generation of alloreactivity in primary mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) were investigated. IL-10 inhibited in a dose-dependent fashion the alloantigen-induced proliferative responses. The suppressive effect was maximal when IL-10 was added at the beginning of the cultures, suggesting that it acts on the early stages of T cell activation. The proliferative responses were enhanced in the presence of a neutralizing anti-IL-10 mAb, indicating that endogenously produced IL-10 suppresses proliferation in primary MLC. The inhibitory effects of IL-10 were observed irrespective of whether irradiated allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells, purified monocytes or freshly isolated B cells were used as stimulator cells. The proliferation of both the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets was inhibited to a similar extent. The reduced proliferative responses were only minimally restored by high concentrations of exogenous IL-2, indicating that the effects of IL-10 are not exclusively due to inhibition of IL-2 synthesis. Furthermore, the production of IL-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-6, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in primary MLCs was diminished by IL-10 and enhanced in the presence of anti-IL-10 mAb. The strongest effects were observed on the production of IFN-gamma. Although IL-10 reduces the proliferative responses, the ratios of CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells remained the same in IL-10 treated and control cultures, yet the percentages of activated CD3+ T cells, as judged by CD25 and HLA-DR expression, were consistently reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: DNAX Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 94304-1104.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bejarano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Waal Malefyt
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bacchetta
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roncarolo
mesh_terms: D015551:Autoimmunity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10