Characterization of early pathogenic effects after experimental infection of calves with bovine immunodeficiency-like virus.
The early pathogenic effects of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus (BIV) were studied in calves experimentally inoculated with BIV. All animals inoculated with BIV R29-infected cells seroconverted by 6 weeks postinoculation, and BIV was recoverable from each animal at 2 weeks postinoculation. However, levels of BIV replication in vivo appeared to be low. In situ hybridization studies indicated that during peak periods of viral replication in vivo, less than 0.03% of peripheral blood mononuclear cells were expressing detectable levels of viral RNA. Moreover, the levels of viral RNA in these cells in vivo were less than 1/10 the levels observed in persistently infected cells in vitro. BIV-inoculated calves had significantly higher numbers of circulating lymphocytes, and follicular hyperplasia was observed in lymph nodes, hemal nodes, and spleen. The histopathological changes observed in BIV-infected calves were similar to changes found early after infection with the immunosuppressive lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
Carpenter
S
S
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
Miller
L D
LD
Alexandersen
S
S
Whetstone
C A
CA
VanDerMaaten
M J
MJ
Viuff
B
B
Wannemuehler
Y
Y
Miller
J M
JM
Roth
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016087:Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D013997:Time Factors
D000914:Antibodies, Viral