title: Fatal hydrothorax associated with subclavian vein catheterization for hemodialysis.
abstract: A rare iatrogenic complication of subclavian vein catheterization for hemodialysis is massive hydrothorax. A case is presented that illustrates the need for adherence to a standard procedure of prompt roentgenologic examination in conjunction with catheterization, and emphasizes the importance of the autopsy as a means of quality assurance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles 90033.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zeien
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006876:Hydrothorax / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014511:Uremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy