title: Hypotonous maculopathy after trabeculectomy with subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil.
abstract: Long-term success in trabeculectomy has been enhanced in recent years by postoperative subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil injections and intraoperative mitomycin C applications. During 1990 and 1991, after trabeculectomy with a small scleral flap (2 x 3 mm) augmented by antimetabolite therapy, hypotonous maculopathy developed in eight eyes of six patients. The maculopathy was characterized by loss in visual acuity, retinal striae, and choroidal folds without evidence of vascular leakage. The average loss in visual acuity was four Snellen lines. Visual acuity did not return to preoperative levels even when the hypotony could be reversed. Reversing the hypotony with various strategies aimed at stimulating subconjunctival scarring has been relatively ineffective. During that same period, an additional seven eyes in six patients had prolonged hypotony but without development of maculopathy. Features common to patients who developed maculopathy included age (mean age, 46 years; range, 32 to 60 years) and myopia (mean, -7.5 diopters; range, -0.75 to -11.75 diopters). The patients with hypotony but no maculopathy were older (mean age, 73 years; range, 63 to 82 years) and were closer to emmetropia (mean, -1.11 diopters; range, +1.50 to -9.00 diopters). The means of the ages and refractive errors were statistically significantly different in the two groups (P = .007 and .04, respectively). Trabeculectomy with adjunctive antifibrosis therapy should be used with caution in young myopic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco 94115.
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Stamper
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: McMenemy
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lieberman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000150:complications; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D005472:Fluorouracil