The survival and fecundity of buffalo flies after treatment of cattle with three anthelmintics.
Two anthelmintics with known insecticidal action (ivermectin and closantel) and one with no recorded effect on insects (levamisole) were tested to evaluate their effects on buffalo fly (Haematobia irritans exigua). Blood from animals given closantel or levamisole had no significant effect on mortality of buffalo flies in an in-vitro assay. In contrast, blood from animals given ivermectin showed a dose-dependent effect on the mortality of buffalo flies. At 24 h after one injection of the recommended dose of ivermectin, 98% of the flies applied to cattle in an in-vivo assay are killed. Blood from cattle injected with ivermectin killed 95% of flies 8 d after injection and still killed 15% of flies at 18 days after injection. Surviving flies laid almost no eggs and this effect on flies was significant up to 33 d after injection. The results indicate that ivermectin may be useful to control buffalo fly populations in the field.
Kerlin
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CSIRO, Division of Tropical Animal Production, Long Pocket Laboratories, Indooroopilly, Queensland.
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D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004478:Ectoparasitic Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007978:Levamisole / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009117:Muscidae / Q000502:physiology; D012458:Salicylanilides / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000871:Anthelmintics; D012458:Salicylanilides; D007978:Levamisole; D007559:Ivermectin; C023342:closantel