title: [Hypoglycemia in diabetes mellitus].
abstract: Type 1 diabetic patients experience symptomatic hypoglycemia once or twice a week. 30% of insulin-treated patients suffer from hypoglycemic coma at least once during their life, 10% at least once a year. 3% are incapacitated by frequent and severe attacks, 3 to 4% die from hypoglycemia. In contrast the incidence of symptomatic hypoglycemia in sulfonylurea-treated patients is about 0.2 per 1000 patients' years, the mortality of severe attacks being about 8%. The cause of hypoglycemia is always an excess of insulin, in absolute or relative terms. Additional precipitating factors are defective counterregulation after longer duration of diabetes, as well as a lowered threshold for counterregulation and/or for perception of warning symptoms, as seen under strict glycemic control. Considering the risks associated with hypoglycemia, preventive measures must be emphasized.
authors.affiliation: III. Medizinischen Abteilung, Stoffwechselkrankheiten und Nephrologie und Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institut für Stoffwechselerkrankugen und Ernährung, Krankenhaus Wien-Lainz.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irsigler
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds
vernacular_title: Hypoglykämie bei Diabetes mellitus.