title: Hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic primary neoplasms.
abstract: We experienced seven cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with extrahepatic primary malignant neoplasms (PMNs), which accounted for 7.5% of 93 HCC cases in our department during a 5.5-year investigation period. No common characteristics of the seven patients with extrahepatic PMNs in terms of age, sex, computed tomographic (CT) features of hepatocellular carcinoma, or presence of liver cirrhosis were evident. One of the seven cases had triple PMNs. Extrahepatic PMNs were found in various organs: stomach, colon, kidney, lung, larynx, and esophagus. Attention to extrahepatic organs should be undertaken in the management of HCC. Two patients in hepatic coma died 4 and 6 months after the diagnosis of HCC due to the advanced HCC, and accompanying extrahepatic malignancies were not the primary cause of death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Gifu School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaeda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamawaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Doi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed