title: Hypnosis and related techniques in pain management.
abstract: Hypnosis has been used successfully in treating cancer patients at all stages of disease and for degrees of pain. The experience of pain is influenced not only by physiological factors stemming from disease progression and oncological treatment, but also from psychosocial factors including social support and mood. Each of these influences must be considered in the successful treatment of pain. The successful use of hypnosis also depends upon the hypnotizability of patients, their particular cognitive style, their specific motivation, and level of cognitive functioning. While most patients can benefit from the use of hypnosis, less hypnotizable patients or patients with low cognitive functioning need to receive special consideration. The exercises described in this chapter can be successfully used in groups, individual sessions, and for hospice patients confined to bed. Both self-hypnosis and therapist guided hypnosis exercises are offered.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Spira
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spiegel
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis / Q000379:methods*; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D059408:Pain Management; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards