title: Genetic analysis of cleft lip with or without cleft palate in Madras, India.
abstract: We performed a genetic analysis of 331 non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL +/- P) proband families ascertained in Madras, India. Predictions of the multifactorial threshold (MF/T) model are tested; goodness-of-fit tests of the MF/T model and complex segregation analysis are also utilized to clarify the genetic etiology of CL +/- P in this study population. There was little evidence for the MF/T model. The most reasonable conclusion from mixed model analysis is that of a major locus with reduced transmission probability. This is not altogether surprising if manifestation of CL +/- P also depends on in utero exposure to harmful environmental agents during the critical period of facial development, as suggested by Melnick et al. [1980] and demonstrated in an animal model of CL +/- P [Melnick et al., 1981]. Further the results in the Madras population are quite similar to those in other populations of Europe and Asia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cytogenetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Nemana
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marazita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melnick
mesh_terms: D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012744:Sex Ratio