title: Lingually displaced mandibular canine teeth: orthodontic treatment alternatives in the dog.
abstract: Lingual displacements of mandibular canine teeth often occur following retention of deciduous canine teeth. This condition often results in trauma of occlusion to the lingual aspect of the maxillary canine tooth and the further development of a periodontal pocket or an oronasal fistula. This condition can be corrected using orthodontic appliances. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and illustrate the various alternatives available for correction of this common malocclusion in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Goodwood Animal Hospital and Dental Clinic, Baton Rouge, LA 70908.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Oakes
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Beard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003481:Cuspid / Q000503:physiopathology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008334:Mandible; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000662:veterinary*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000662:veterinary*; D014079:Tooth Eruption, Ectopic / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000503:physiopathology