title: What kinds of leaders are entering optometry schools?
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the parameters of leadership of students entering one optometry school, assess the relation between personality types and leadership during optometry school, and forecast potential for leadership beyond school. Personality inventories of 269 students entering University of Houston College of Optometry (UHCO) from 1988 through 1990 were analyzed for personality type according to Gough's two-vector system (V1 = extroversion/introversion; V2 = norm-favoring/norm-doubting) which results in four types or life styles: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. Although some sex and ethnic differences were found, most (71%) optometry students were Alphas (extroverted/norm-favoring), accepted leaders who strive to maintain and advance consensual values. Alphas achieved well in classroom and clinic and were student leaders. A lesser number (10%), mostly women, were Gammas; extroverted but norm-questioning, Gammas can provide creative and progressive leadership. Remaining types were Betas (15%) and Deltas (4%), both introverted types who avoid leadership positions. In sum, traditional and, to a lesser degree, innovative leadership potential appears strong among optometry students; they should serve the profession well.
authors.affiliation: College of Optometry, University of Houston, Texas.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kegel-Flom
mesh_terms: D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D009907:Optometry; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010556:Personality Tests; D012576:Schools, Health Occupations