title: Immunohistochemical analysis of GH-producing adenomas--with special emphasis on plurihormonality of individual tumor cells by double staining.
abstract: Forty-four human growth hormone (GH)-producing adenomas were investigated immunohistochemically for the concomitant localization of GH, prolactin (PRL), and glycoprotein hormone alpha subunit. Immunoreactivity for GH, PRL, and the alpha subunit was found in 44, 37, and 36 cases, respectively. By double immunohistochemical staining, 24 of 27 cases showed colocalization of GH and alpha subunit, with the numbers of tumor cells showing double staining varying from case to case. The colocalization of GH and alpha subunit was noted in some normal pituitary cells. In adenoma cells, the colocalization of GH and PRL, and PRL and alpha subunit, was observed in 9 and 12 cases, respectively. The normal pituitary gland showed only occasional colocalization of GH and PRL, or PRL and alpha subunit. We found that GH-producing adenomas are plurihormonal at the individual tumor cell level, with coexpression of GH-alpha subunit, GH-PRL, and PRL-alpha subunit. The colocalization of GH and alpha subunit may be an expression of a subpopulation of normal anterior pituitary cells (with GH-alpha subunit coexpression), but the more frequent coexpression of GH-PRL may be pathological, accompanying tumorigenesis of the anterior pituitary cells, in which a pituitary-specific transcriptional factor, pit-1, may play a role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Osamura
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494187:POU1F1 protein, human; D050817:Transcription Factor Pit-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone