title: The family of protein kinase C in transmembrane signalling for cellular regulation.
abstract: Signal-induced hydrolysis of inositol phospholipid produces two second messengers, diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate. Diacylglycerol activates protein kinase C, whereas inositol trisphosphate mobilizes Ca2+ from its internal store. Analogously, signal-induced hydrolysis of choline phospholipid generates two second messengers, unsaturated free fatty acid and lysophosphatidylcholine. The free fatty acid synergizes with diacylglycerol to activate protein kinase C and causes full activation of the enzyme even at the basal level of Ca2+. On the other hand, lysophosphatidylcholine dramatically enhances cellular responses such as cell proliferation and differentiation under the conditions where diacylglycerol and Ca2+ are available. It is likely that all of the immediate products of signal-induced degradation of inositol and choline phospholipids are involved directly in concert in the transmembrane control of cellular functions.
authors.affiliation: Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asaoka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinomura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogita
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011493:Protein Kinase C