title: The role of bovine lipoproteins in the regulation of steroidogenesis and HMG-CoA reductase in bovine adrenocortical cells.
abstract: The sources of cholesterol for steroid hormone production were examined using bovine adrenocortical (BAC) cells in primary culture. The experiments were designed to determine the effects of lipoproteins on cortisol production and the level of BAC cell 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. Most studies on BAC cell lipoprotein requirements have been conducted using human low-density lipoprotein (hHDL); none have used the homologous bovine lipoproteins. BAC cells treated with corticotropin (ACTH) in a medium devoid of lipoproteins increased and maintained cortisol production 7- to 20-fold above basal levels. Under such conditions ACTH also increased the rate of HMG-CoA reductase activity. Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase with mevinolin inhibited cortisol production by 85%, indicating that the cells were using cholesterol synthesized de novo for steroid production. Cortisol production was increased almost 40-fold above basal levels if hLDL (100 micrograms/ml) was included in the incubation medium. Human LDL also suppressed the levels of HMG-CoA reductase in a concentration-dependent fashion. Human HDL was without effect on either BAC cell steroidogenesis of HMG-CoA reductase. Addition of bovine LDL (bLDL) to the incubation medium also caused an increase in cortisol production and inhibited cholesterol synthesis. By contrast to hHDL, bHDL (100 micrograms/ml) increased the ability of BAC cells to produce cortisol production. Bovine HDL (bHDL) also was able to decrease HMG-CoA reductase, but not to the extent caused by hLDL or bLDL. These data demonstrate that bovine adrenal cells can use bHDL as a source of cholesterol for steroid hormone production. These findings may be of particular importance when one considers that in vivo, the bHDL content of bovine serum greatly surpasses the level of bLDL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9032.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Rainey
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008148:Lovastatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011863:Radioimmunoassay
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D008148:Lovastatin; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D006854:Hydrocortisone