title: Augmentation of phorbol ester-induced T cell proliferation by agents which raise intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate.
abstract: Although raising intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels is generally considered to be inhibitory on the mitogen-induced T cell proliferation, in this study we have shown that the addition of either dbcAMP (50 microM) or cholera toxin (1 ng/ml) resulted in an increase in [3H]thymidine uptake in PBMC cultures stimulated with phorbol ester, 12-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), or with a combination of TPA plus anti-CD3 mAb (mAb 235). In contrast, under similar culture conditions, the phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) response was inhibited by these agents as has been reported. The augmentative effect of dbcAMP in PBMC cultures was due to an increase in IL-2 production and not to increased in IL-2R-alpha chain expression. The enhancing effect of dbcAMP and CT observed with PBMC was monocyte dependent and not seen with purified T cell preparations. The addition of monocytes reconstituted the ability of intracellular cAMP elevating agents to augment the T cell response to TPA with and without mAb to CD3. The monocytes mediate their action via soluble factor(s) with molecular weight (m.w.) of more than 10 kDa. Neither rIL-1, rIL-6, nor rTNF-alpha have any augmentative effect as contrast with the supernatant from treated monocytes. Taken together, our results indicate that cAMP can play a positive regulatory role in T cell proliferation due to factor(s) secreted by dbcAMP-treated monocytes resulting in increased IL-2 synthesis in T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chakkalath
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003994:Bucladesine; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate