Cytotoxicity of bovine leucocytes for parainfluenza type-3 virus-infected cells.
The cytotoxic effect of bovine neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, monocytes and lymphocytes for parainfluenza type-3 (PI-3) virus-infected cells in 51chromium-release assays is described. Specific lysis of virus-infected target cells with PI-3 virus antibody and complement was first observed 8 h after infection coincident with the appearance of haemadsorption-positive cells. Specific lysis increased rapidly reaching a peak 18-24 h after infection. This increase was paralleled by the increase in the percentage of cells with surface haemagglutinin. Target cells were subsequently used in 51chromium-release assays between 18 and 20 h after virus infection. Antibody-independent killing of PI-3 virus-infected cells was observed with neutrophils, alveolar macrophages and lymphocytes. Levels of specific lysis up to 30% for neutrophils and 68% for alveolar macrophages were observed, although there was considerable variation in activity from animal to animal. Lymphocyte preparations showed levels of cytotoxicity up to 20% in some cases while monocytes had low killing ability. Addition of PI-3 virus-specific antibodies enhanced killing by neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes but inhibited killing by alveolar macrophages. Complement, particularly guinea pig complement, was cytotoxic for virus-infected but not for uninfected cells, and also considerably enhanced the cytotoxic effect of neutrophils and lymphocytes.
Bradford
H E
HE
Veterinary Research Laboratories, Stormont, Belfast, UK.
Adair
B M
BM
McNulty
M S
MS
Foster
J C
JC
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D003165:Complement System Proteins