title: Adrenocortical dysfunction in paracoccidioidomycosis: comparison between plasma beta-lipotrophin/adrenocorticotrophin levels and adrenocortical tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Paracoccidioidomycosis is an important cause of Addison's disease in South America. We have carried out an extensive and prospective study on paracoccidioidomycosis comparing glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and androgen function with adrenal regulators, ACTH/beta-LPH and plasma renin activity (PRA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven male patients with active paracoccidioidomycosis were studied consecutively together with 20 healthy controls. On day 1, plasma aldosterone and PRA levels were measured in blood samples obtained from patients in the supine and erect position. On day 2 at 0900 h, baseline plasma samples were taken for ACTH, beta-lipotrophin (beta-LPH), cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, androstenedione (delta 4-A) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S). ACTH 1-24 (250 micrograms) was given i.v. and blood samples for these steroid assays were taken at 1 and 2 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients (10%) had Addison's disease with high basal plasma ACTH and beta-LPH, and low cortisol levels after the ACTH test. In the remaining 42 patients, baseline ACTH and beta-LPH levels and plasma cortisol after ACTH were within the normal range. A high percentage of patients presented with reduced corticosterone (21% of patients) and aldosterone (23%) secretion and increased PRA (31%). Plasma delta 4-A (19%) and DHEA-S (50%) levels were also reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of Addison's disease among our patients with paracoccidioidomycosis was 10%. In addition, a subset of patients presented with adrenal dysfunction detected by mineralocorticoid or androgen tests. In parallel to pathological lesions a functional adaptation may occur during adrenal involvement in paracoccidioidomycosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Elias
mesh_terms: D000224:Addison Disease / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000097:blood; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D008083:beta-Lipotropin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000735:Androstenedione; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D000450:Aldosterone; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D008083:beta-Lipotropin; D012083:Renin; D003345:Corticosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone