title: Encephalopathy and neuropathy in end-stage liver disease before and after liver transplantation.
abstract: The nervous system involvement of 8 patients with end-stage liver disease was evaluated by means of clinical neurological, neuropsychological, neurophysiological and neuroradiological investigation before and 6-12 months after a successful liver transplantation. Preoperatively, all subjects (7 women, 1 man; mean age 40 years, range 30-54 years) exhibited decreased muscle strength and 2 patients manifested clinical signs of polyneuropathy. In neuropsychological tests, slight visuoconstructive apraxia, and disturbances of verbal memory and cognitive function were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed cerebral lesions in two patients. After transplantation, muscle strength reverted to normal in all patients, polyneuropathy improved and in all but 2 patients recovery of neuropsychological functioning was observed. Clinical signs of encephalopathy had disappeared. All patients were emotionally better adjusted after transplantation. Four subjects showed new, albeit mild changes in neurophysiological and neuropsychological tests postoperatively. We conclude that the majority of neurological impairment disappeared after liver transplantation. We want to stress that evaluation of neurological sequelae of liver transplantation needs to be based on assessments both before and after liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Surgery, Ullanlinna Sleep Disorders Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Höckerstedt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kajaste
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muuronen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raininko
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Seppäläinen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hillbom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009424:Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors