title: The E2 binding sites determine the efficiency of replication for the origin of human papillomavirus type 18.
abstract: Human papillomaviruses (HPV-s) have been shown to possess transforming and immortalizing activity for many different, mainly keratinocyte cell lines and they have been detected in 90% of anogenital cancer tissues, which suggests a causative role in the induction of anogenital and other tumours. We have exploited a quantitative assay to identify and characterize the origin of replication of the human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV-18), one of the most prevalent types in the high-risk HPV group. Replication of HPV origin fragments was studied transiently by cotransfection with a protein expression vector providing replication proteins E1 and E2. We have localized the HPV-18 origin to nucleotides 7767-119. This region contains three E2 binding sites and an essential A/T rich DNA region (nucleotides 9-35) that is partly homologous to the E1 binding site found in bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) genome. At least one of the three E2 binding sites was absolutely required for origin function; addition of other E2 sites had cooperative stimulating effect. This is the first quantitative analysis of the E2 binding sites for papillomavirus replication.
authors.affiliation: Estonian Biocenter, Tartu.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Remm
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brain
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D004261:DNA Replication; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D015534:Trans-Activators; C069102:oncogene protein E2, Human papillomavirus type 18