title: HIV infection and primary resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs, and to relate this resistance to HIV serologic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional prevalence study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The two major outpatient tuberculosis clinics in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty individuals with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and sputum smears positive for acid-fast bacilli.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV serologic status and in vitro testing for susceptibility of M. tuberculosis isolates to antituberculosis drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  M. tuberculosis was isolated from 82% (49 out of 60) of sputum specimens. Thirty-five per cent (17 out of 49) were obtained from HIV-seropositive and 65% (32 out of 49) from HIV-seronegative patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of resistant isolates from HIV-seropositive versus HIV-seronegative patients, although the relatively small sample size limited power. Of the total number of isolates, 17% were resistant to isoniazid; resistance was less to streptomycin (7%), rifampin (2%), pyrazinamide (0%), and ethambutol (0%). Eighteen and 21% of mycobacterial isolates from HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative individuals, respectively, were resistant to one or more of these drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surveys of this type are useful in planning and evaluating tuberculosis preventive therapy in individuals with dual infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of HIV/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA 30333.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Kilburn
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Smithwick
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coulibaly
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Silcox
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gnaore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adjorlolo
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: De Cock
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1; D015498:HIV-2; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents