title: Effect of amphotericin B on hepatic cytochrome P-450 and glucose-6-phosphatase in the rat.
abstract: The effect of amphotericin B on hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 (P-450) concentration was measured in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo in the rat. In vitro, both amphotericin B (0-500 micrograms/ml) and its vehicle, sodium deoxycholate (0-410 micrograms/ml), caused similar dose-dependent decreases of P-450 concentrations and glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Intravenous amphotericin B (3 mg/kg) given daily for 3 days decreased antipyrine clearance from control values of 1.24 +/- 0.24 ml/min to 0.67 +/- 0.12 ml/min (p less than 0.001); whereas antipyrine clearance was unchanged by sodium deoxycholate. The P-450 concentration on the third day was reduced from 0.74 +/- 0.14 nmol/mg protein in control rats to 0.33 +/- 0.09 nmol/mg protein in rats treated with amphotericin B (p less than 0.001). Sodium deoxycholate had no effect on P-450 concentration. In contrast, amphotericin B had no effect on either antipyrine clearance or P-450 concentration following enzyme induction by phenobarbital. Amphotericin B had no effect on microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase activity in vivo. Neither amphotericin B nor sodium deoxycholate induced lipid peroxidation, measured as malondialdehyde production. These results show that amphotericin B decreases hepatic cytochrome P-450 content and function in the rat. These effects can not be observed in the enzyme induced state. Amphotericin B has no effect on glucose-6-phosphatase in vivo, the key enzyme of the gluconeogenesis, indicating selective effects on hepatic microsomal function.
authors.affiliation: I. Medizinische Klinik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heidemann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Holzlöhner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heydemann
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Freitag
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inselmann
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000666:Amphotericin B; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D005952:Glucose-6-Phosphatase; D000983:Antipyrine