The Bel-1 protein of human foamy virus activates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression via a novel DNA target site.
The Bel-1 protein of human foamy virus can activate transcription directed by the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The target sequence for Bel-1 is shown to lie within the HIV-1 LTR U3 region but does not coincide with any previously described factor-binding site. Gene expression directed by an HIV-1 LTR lacking functional sites for the inducible cellular transcription factor NF-kappa B was activated over 100-fold by coexpression of Bel-1. These observations suggest that Bel-1 has the potential to significantly enhance the level of HIV-1 gene expression in cells dually infected with HIV-1 and human foamy virus.
Keller
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A
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
Garrett
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ED
Cullen
B R
BR
D001483:Base Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016092:Spumavirus / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C074061:bel1 protein, Human foamy virus