title: Evaluation of temporal, seasonal and geographic stability of the molluscicidal property of Euphorbia splendens latex.
abstract: Laboratory tests with aqueous solutions of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii latex have demonstrated seasonal stability of the molluscacidal principle, with LD90 values of 1.14 ppm (spring), 1.02 ppm (fall), 1.09 ppm (winter), and 1.07 ppm (summer) that have been determined against Biomphalaria tenagophila in the field. Assays on latex collected in Belo Horizonte and Recife yielded LD90 values similar to those obtained with the reference substance collected in Rio de Janeiro (Ilha do Governador), demonstrating geographic stability of the molluscacidal effect. The molluscacidal action of aqueous dilutions of the latex in natura, centrifuged (precipitate) and lyophilized, was stable for up to 124 days at room temperature (in natura) and for up to 736 days in a common refrigerator at 10 to 12 degrees C (lyophilized product). A 5.0 ppm solution is 100% lethal for snails up to 13 days after preparation, the effect being gradually lost to almost total inactivity by the 30th day. This observation indicated that the active principle is instable. These properties together with the wide distribution of the plant, its resistance and adaptation to the tropical climate, its easy cultivation and the easy obtention of latex and preparation of the molluscicidal solution, make this a promising material for large-scale use in the control of schistosomiasis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Schall
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Vasconcellos
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Villaça-Coelho
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Ferreira-Lopes
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001938:Brazil; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D007840:Latex / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D008975:Molluscacides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007840:Latex; D008975:Molluscacides; D010936:Plant Extracts