title: Solventless determination of caffeine in beverages using solid-phase microextraction with fused-silica fibers.
abstract: Caffeine concentrations in beverages were determined using a simple and rapid method based on microextraction of caffeine onto the surface of a fused-silica fiber. The uncoated fiber was dipped into the beverage sample for 5 min after the addition of isotopically labeled (trimethyl 13C)caffeine. The adsorbed caffeine was then thermally desorbed in a conventional split/splitless injection port, and the concentration of caffeine was determined using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Quantitative reproducibilities were ca. 5% (relative standard deviation) and the entire scheme including sample preparation and gas chromatographic analysis was completed in ca. 15 min per sample. The potential of the microextraction technique for the analysis of flavor and fragrance compounds in non-caffeinated beverages is also demonstrated. Since no solvents or class-fractionation steps are required, the method has good potential for automation.
authors.affiliation: Energy and Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58202.
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pawliszyn
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Arthur
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D002110:Caffeine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide