title: Second primary malignancies following diagnosis of small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The records of 800 patients with small-cell carcinoma of the lung (SCLC) treated between 1971 and 1985 at University of Toronto-affiliated hospitals were reviewed for the occurrence and relative risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs). Almost all patients who developed a SPM were treated previously with chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen metachronous SPMs (MSPMs) and 11 synchronous SPMs (SSPMs) were identified. SSPMs were detected between 1 and 12 months after the diagnosis of SCLC. The MSPMs were identified between 1 and 10 years after the diagnosis of SCLC. MSPMs included non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (four patients), hematologic malignancies (HM) (three patients), and 12 with other solid tumors (OST). The median survival times after the diagnosis of MSPM was 33 months, 10 months, and 1 month, respectively, for those with NSCLC, OST, and HM. Expected cancer incidence rates were used to compute a relative risk rate for developing a MSPM in a subset of 392 patients on whom accurate follow-up information was available. The calculated relative risk for all tumors was 3.73. The relative risk for the development of secondary NSCLC was 6.83.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that increased predisposition to SPM may relate to secondary effects of multimodality treatment and biologic considerations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sagman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lishner
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: DeBoer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Pringle
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yeoh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis