HLA-DR antigen linkage of anti-beta receptor antibodies in idiopathic dilated and ischaemic cardiomyopathy.
OBJECTIVE
Immunological mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human dilated cardiomyopathy. The presence of autoantibodies against the beta 1 adrenoceptor in a substantial proportion of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy has been described and an association between the HLA-DR4 phenotype and anti-beta receptor antibodies has been identified. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the presence of such antibodies in ischaemic cardiomyopathy was limited to specific HLA-DR phenotypes.


METHODS
The HLA-DR dependence of anti-beta receptor antibodies detected by a ligand binding inhibition assay in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 68) was compared with that in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (n = 73).


RESULTS
38% of the patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and 22% of those with ischaemic cardiomyopathy had serum anti-beta receptor antibodies. In dilated cardiomyopathy, the presence of anti-beta receptor antibodies was linked to the HLA-DR4 phenotype (that is, 50% of patients with this phenotype were antibody positive) whereas, in those with ischaemic cardiomyopathy HLA-DR1 was over-represented (that is, 37% of the patients with the HLA-DR1 phenotype were antibody positive compared with 17% of the HLA-DR1 negative patients). In both disease entities, the HLA-DR3 phenotype was virtually absent in the anti-beta receptor antibody group.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the presence of anti-beta receptor antibodies is under immune genetic control that may depend on the nature of the underlying disease process.
Limas
C J
CJ
Department of Medicine, (Cardiovascular Division), University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis 55455.
Limas
C
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000276:immunology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D015798:HLA-DR1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000276:immunology*
D001323:Autoantibodies; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D015798:HLA-DR1 Antigen; D015803:HLA-DR3 Antigen; D015804:HLA-DR4 Antigen; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta