title: [Treatment of mild and moderate cardiac failure with captopril. A multicenter study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of the clinical effects of captopril addition to the conventional therapy of functional class II and III (NYHA) congestive heart failure (CHF).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifteen patients with CHF, 46 (40%) class II and 69 (60%) class III, on conventional treatment (digitalis and diuretic) were the subject of this study. The age ranged from 22 to 75 years (mean 56.6 +/- 11); 67 were male and 66 were caucasians. The etiologies of the heart failure were: hypertensive heart disease 47 (40.9%), ischemic heart disease 27 (23.5%), Chagas cardiomyopathy 20 (17.4%), idiopathic cardiomyopathy 15 (13.0%), and other causes 6 (5.2%). Diuretic and digitalis were maintained in the same dosage during all the treatment. Captopril therapy was started with 6.25 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d., and the dosage was increased gradually to 25 mg b.i.d. or t.i.d. The duration of the study was 12 weeks. Clinical visits occurred every four weeks and laboratory tests were performed in the beginning and at the end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dosage of captopril ranged from 12.5 to 75 mg (mean 28.5 +/- 13.1 mg/day). The addition of captopril to the conventional therapy of CHF was associated with significant reduction (p < 0.01) of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In the end of the study 13 patients (11.3%) were in functional class III, 50 (43.5%) in class II and 52 (45.2%) in class I. Globally, functional class was improved in 98 (85.2%) patients and remained unchanged in 17 (14.8%) (p < 0.01). The side effects (dizziness, cough, hypotension and headache) were moderate and uncommon and did not need interruption of the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of captopril to the conventional therapy of class II and III CHF was associated with significant improvement of functional class and with good tolerability.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batlouni
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Barretto
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armaganijan
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Vichi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Spritzer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hatab
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Nascimento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002216:Captopril / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D002216:Captopril
vernacular_title: Tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca leve e moderada com captopril. Estudo multicêntrico.