Signal transduction from cell surface to nucleus in development and disease.
Recent studies indicate that extracellular signals affect cell proliferation and differentiation by modulating transcription factor activity via protein phosphorylation cascades. This review discusses the basic outline of the eukaryotic signal transduction systems used to transmit information from the cell surface to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus. Several examples that illustrate how these pathways control cell proliferation, differentiation and development are discussed.
Karin
M
M
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093.
D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D004194:Disease; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D009857:Oncogenes; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins