title: Human immunodeficiency virus infection of cells arrested in the cell cycle.
abstract: Cell proliferation is necessary for proviral integration and productive infection of most retroviruses. Nevertheless, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can infect non-dividing macrophages. This ability to grow in non-dividing cells is not specific to macrophages because, as we show here, CD4+ HeLa cells arrested at stage G2 of the cell cycle can be infected by HIV-1. Proliferation is necessary for these same cells to be infected by a murine retrovirus, MuLV. HIV-1 integrates into the arrested cell DNA and produces viral RNA and protein in a pattern similar to that in normal cells. In addition, our data suggest that the ability to infect non-dividing cells is due to one of the HIV-1 core virion proteins. HIV infection of non-dividing cells distinguishes lentiviruses from other retroviruses and is likely to be important in the natural history of HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hensel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emerman
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D016195:G2 Phase; D005814:Genes, Viral; D015756:Genes, tat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D010957:Plasmids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000528:radiation effects; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D001616:beta-Galactosidase