title: Mammalian neurotrophin-4: structure, chromosomal localization, tissue distribution, and receptor specificity.
abstract: Nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) are the three members of the neurotrophin family known to exist in mammals. Recently, a fourth neurotrophin (designated neurotrophin-4 or NT-4), which shares all of the features found in the mammalian neurotrophins, has been identified in Xenopus and viper. We used sequences specific to the Xenopus/viper NT-4 to isolate a neurotrophin from both human and rat genomic DNA that appears to represent the mammalian counterpart of Xenopus/viper NT-4. Human NT-4 as well as a human NT-4 pseudogene colocalize to chromosome 19 band q13.3. Mammalian NT-4 has many unusual features compared to the previously identified neurotrophins and is less conserved evolutionarily than the other neurotrophins. However, mammalian NT-4 displays bioactivity and trk receptor specificity similar to that of Xenopus NT-4.
authors.affiliation: Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591.
authors.forename: N Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Nye
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McClain
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gies
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belluscio
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Le Beau
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Squinto
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D011544:Pseudogenes; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D020917:Receptor, trkA; C073922:neurotrophin 4