title: Site and extent of nutrient digestion by steers fed a low-quality bromegrass hay diet with incremental levels of soybean hull substitution.
abstract: Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated steers were fed bromegrass hay (H; 5.6% CP; 70.9% cell wall) substituted with 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60% soybean hulls (SH; 10.5% CP; 87.9% cell wall) at 90% of ad libitum DMI. Diets were made isonitrogenous (11% CP) by addition of isolated soybean protein (91.5% CP). Total ruminal VFA concentration, molar proportion of acetate, and molar acetate:propionate ratio increased (linear; P less than .02) with increasing level of SH substitution, but propionate (mol/100 mol) and ruminal fluid passage rate decreased (linear; P less than .01). Ruminal pH and ammonia concentration decreased more rapidly, and to a greater extent and duration, as level of SH increased; neither was decreased to levels considered detrimental to fiber digestion. Ruminal and total tract DM, OM, and cell wall digestibilities increased (linear; P less than .01), whereas total tract N digestibility decreased (linear; P = .03), as level of SH increased Total N flow to the duodenum increased (linear, P = .03) with increasing level of SH, and microbial N flow tended (cubic, P = .09) to increase. Microbial efficiencies were unchanged (P = .10) with SH level. True ruminal digestibilities of N did not differ (P greater than .10) among diets. Rate of in situ DM disappearance of H and SH was not influenced (P greater than .10) by SH substitution, although rate tended to be fastest with 30 and 45% SH (quadratic, P = .14). We infer from these data that SH can replace 60% of the DMI of a low-quality forage diet without decreasing OM or cell wall digestion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Grigsby
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kerley
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Weigel
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D013025:Glycine max
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen