title: Comprehensive restaging laparotomy in women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the yield and morbidity of comprehensive restaging laparotomy in women with presumed early ovarian carcinoma who have undergone incomplete initial staging procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective review of 30 women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma who underwent a comprehensive restaging laparotomy including multiple random intraperitoneal biopsies and selective pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy before receiving adjuvant therapy. Positive findings were compared with clinicopathologic features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 17% of patients had adequate skin incisions, 53% had pelvic washings, and 37% had omental biopsy at primary surgery. Complications of restaging laparotomy included 53% severe adhesions, 20% bowel complications, and 20% vascular complications requiring suture. Nine patients (30%) had disease upstaged and six (20%) had stage III disease established by comprehensive restaging laparotomy. Two-thirds of the upstaged patients had occult metastases identified only through cytology, random peritoneal biopsies, or selective lymphadenectomy. Women with poorly differentiated or papillary serous lesions were more likely to have disease upstaged than those with well- and moderately differentiated lesions or other histologic types (P < .05). Other clinicopathologic features did not predict upstaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A comprehensive staging laparotomy is needed to detect occult metastatic disease in women with apparent early ovarian carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Soper
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berchuck
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Clarke-Pearson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007813:Laparotomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies