The dioxin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors: nuclear receptors in search of endogenous ligands.
Dioxins and peroxisome proliferators represent two diverse classes of xenobiotic compounds that induce transcription of specific genes encoding cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing enzymes. Signal transduction by these chemicals is mediated by two distinct nuclear receptors, one of which has recently been demonstrated to be a member of the steroid hormone receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. However, no endogenous ligand has so far been identified for either of these nuclear receptors. Lorenz Poellinger, Martin Göttlicher and Jan-Ake Gustafsson review properties of both these xenobiotic receptor systems and discuss how the molecular details in the receptor activation pathways compare with those of nuclear hormone receptors.
Poellinger
L
L
Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Göttlicher
M
M
Gustafsson
J A
JA
D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008830:Microbodies / Q000187:drug effects*; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000187:drug effects*; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000633:toxicity*
D008024:Ligands; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D015262:Xenobiotics