The human cytomegalovirus 80-kilodalton but not the 72-kilodalton immediate-early protein transactivates heterologous promoters in a TATA box-dependent mechanism and interacts directly with TFIID.
We have asked how the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early 1 (IE1) and 2 (IE2) proteins act to transactivate heterologous cellular and viral promoters. Here we show that transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat and the 70,000-molecular-weight heat shock protein (hsp70) promoter by IE1 is TATA box independent and that the IE1 protein does not interact directly with the TATA box-binding factor TFIID. Conversely, transactivation of these promoters by IE2 is TATA box dependent and a direct interaction between IE2 and TFIID occurs, suggesting that IE2 transactivation is mediated through interaction with TFIID.
Hagemeier
C
C
Wellcome/CRC Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Walker
S
S
Caswell
R
R
Kouzarides
T
T
Sinclair
J
J
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D016385:TATA Box; D015534:Trans-Activators; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins
D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C088645:IE1 protein, cytomegalovirus; C069186:IE2 protein, Cytomegalovirus; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID; D014157:Transcription Factors; C077406:UL115 protein, Human herpesvirus 5; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; C071440:glycoprotein H, Cytomegalovirus; C499358:glycoprotein H, Human cytomegalovirus; C439068:glycoprotein O, cytomegalovirus