title: Basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum. Report of three cases and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common human malignancy, only 21 cases involving the scrotum have been previously reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose is to describe three additional cases of scrotal BCC and review the literature summarizing the clinical features and identifying any predisposing factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 21 cases of scrotal BCC and described three new cases. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in our biopsy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scrotal BCCs present as persistent ulcerations or plaques without identifiable predisposing factors. Lymphatic, pulmonary, or skin metastases were present in 3 of 24 cases (13%) resulting in death in one case. PCR did not detect HPV DNA in our three cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scrotal BCC rarely occurs and should be considered in the diagnosis of a persistent scrotal ulcer or plaque. Metastatic disease may be more common than with other BCCs and wide local excision or Mohs micrographic surgery may be the most appropriate initial therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33101.
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Nahass
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blauvelt
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Penneys
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012611:Scrotum
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral