title: TNF-specific deactivation of granulocytes in vivo: a possible mechanism of self-protection.
abstract: Granulocytes (PMN) have recently been shown to be specifically deactivated towards tumor necrosis factor (TNF) by preexposure to TNF itself and to other stimuli such as endotoxin and complement C5a in vitro. When TNF (200 micrograms/m2) was infused to a male volunteer, we found ex vivo an almost complete TNF-specific deactivation of PMN adhesion (57 +/- 3* vs 6 +/- 2%**), of exocytosis of secondary granules (37 +/- 1* vs 7 +/- 1%**) and of the respiratory burst as measured by hexose monophosphate shunt activation (74 +/- 1* vs 12 +/- 3** nM/10(7) PMN/45 min). Furthermore, up- and down-regulation, respectively, of the PMN surface adhesion molecules Mac-1 and LAM-1 became TNF-resistant. Similar to the results obtained in vitro, deactivation correlated with a decrease in the number of cellular TNF receptors. In PMN of 4 patients exposed to activated complement during hemodialysis, a state of TNF-specific cross-deactivation could also be demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schleiffenbaum
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olgiati
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fehr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007958:Leukocyte Count / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha