title: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pipecuronium bromide (Arduan) in elderly surgical patients.
abstract: The neuromuscular response to pipecuronium bromide (Arduan), 70 micrograms/kg, was studied in 20 elderly (greater than 70 yr) and 10 younger patients (less than 60 yr) during nitrous oxide, fentanyl, and droperidol anesthesia. The adductor pollicis response to single 0.2-ms supramaximal pulses was recorded. Although all younger patients were completely paralyzed, 2 of 20 elderly patients did not attain 90% paralysis. Onset time in the elderly was prolonged (6.9 +/- 2.6 vs 4.3 +/- 1.5 min, P less than 0.02). Spontaneous recovery was similar in both groups, with 75% recovery occurring at 133 +/- 52 min in the elderly and 146 +/- 46 min in the younger patients. The pharmacokinetic variables were similar for the two groups, and pharmacodynamic analysis revealed a similar sensitivity at the neuromuscular junction. The pharmacologic actions of pipecuronium in otherwise healthy patients do not differ between young and elderly adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ornstein
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Matteo
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Jamdar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diaz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D015113:Androstane-3,17-diol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000187:drug effects; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017300:Pipecuronium; D010879:Piperazines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D017300:Pipecuronium; D015113:Androstane-3,17-diol