title: cGMP-dependent protein kinase regulation of a chloride channel in T84 cells.
abstract: Chloride channels at the apical membrane of intestinal epithelial cells are involved in the excessive fluid secretion in diarrhea and diminished secretion in cystic fibrosis (CF). Diarrhea induced by heat-stable toxin from Escherichia coli is associated with elevated guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) in intestinal epithelial cells, but it is unknown whether chloride secretion is regulated by cGMP directly or via cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG). Single-channel recordings (inside-out excised patches) from the apical membrane of T84 cells reveal a 10-pS chloride channel with a linear current-voltage relationship, which is opened when an endogenous membrane-bound PKG is activated with ATP (1 mM) and cGMP (100 microM). Soluble PKG (200 nM) isolated from bovine lung, added to the intracellular face of patches, also opens this channel. No activation occurs with Ringer solution alone or only ATP or cGMP. Addition of nonhydrolyzable forms of ATP (AMP-PNP, 1 mM) or a combination of ATP, cGMP, plus H-8 (5 microM), an inhibitor of PKG, also does not stimulate the channel. The catalytic subunit of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic mono-phosphate-dependent protein kinase (PKA, 200 nM, with 1 mM ATP) activates a channel with similar characteristics. The 10 pS channel has a PNa/PCl ratio of 0.06, an anion selectivity of Br- (1.2) greater than Cl- (1.0) greater than I- (0.8) greater than F- (0.4), and a low affinity for the chloride channel blockers, 4,4-dinitrostilbene-2,2-disulfonic acid and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nairn
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Guggino
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009579:Nitrobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009579:Nitrobenzoates; D013267:Stilbenes; C058176:5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid; C022306:4,4'-dinitro-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011494:Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP