title: Disruption of a silencer domain by a retrotransposon.
abstract: A galactose-inducible Ty element carrying the HIS3 gene has been used as an insertional mutagen to generate alpha-factor resistant mutants. This collection of Ty-induced mutations includes insertions into the gene for the alpha-factor receptor (STE2), several nonspecific STE genes, and mutations that lead to the expression of the normally silent HML alpha locus. The hml alpha "on" mutations fall into two classes, those that disrupt trans-acting regulators involved in silencing HML alpha and a novel class of mutations that activate HML alpha by insertion at that locus. The hml alpha::Ty "on" mutations illustrate the unusual ability of these retrotransposons to activate genes by overcoming gene silencing mechanisms. The hml alpha::Ty "on" mutations include examples of multimeric Ty arrays. Single Ty and solo delta insertion derivatives of these Ty multimers restore the ability of the silencing mechanism to repress HML alpha.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Eukaryotic Gene Expression, NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Mastrangelo
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hedge
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Garfinkel
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Strathern
mesh_terms: D015139:Blotting, Southern; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D000072235:Mating Factor; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics; D051964:Receptors, Mating Factor; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D010455:Peptides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051964:Receptors, Mating Factor; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072235:Mating Factor