title: Velocity specificity of training in bodybuilders.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of many years of bodybuilding on muscular strength and endurance. Eight bodybuilders (BB), 4 males and 4 females, and 8 controls (C), 4 males and 4 females, performed a muscle fatigue test (MFT) consisting of 25 maximal leg extensions at angular velocities of 180 and 300 degrees/s. The results for strength showed that at both the slow and fast contraction speeds, BB were significantly stronger than C and males were significantly stronger than females. For muscular endurance the results showed that at the slow contraction speed the torques and torque decline were greater in the BB than in the C, and greater in the males than the females. At the faster contraction speed, torque decline was similar in all groups while torques for the BB and male-C were similar and significantly greater than the torques for the female-C. The ratio of torques (fast/slow) for both strength and muscular endurance showed a main effect due to training status which supported the velocity specificity hypothesis. However, when the relative torques over the 25 contractions at both speeds were looked at, no velocity specificity occurred for muscular endurance. The data suggest a definite velocity specificity for the strength factor in BB whereas the same conclusion is not as clear for the muscular endurance factor.
authors.affiliation: Defence and Civil Institute of Environmental Medicine, North York, Ontario.
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight; D005221:Fatigue / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009132:Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010807:Physical Endurance