title: Feed utilization of beef steers fed grass as hay or silage with or without nitrogen supplementation.
abstract: Six Hereford steers averaging 256 kg were used in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement within a 6 x 6 Latin square design to study the effect of forage conservation (silage vs hay) and N supplementation (0, 200 g of fish meal plus 43 g of urea, or 400 g of fish meal) on ruminal characteristics, digestibility, blood urea, and in situ degradability of DM, N, and ADF. Dry matter intake of forage and total DMI did not differ among treatments (P greater than .05) and averaged 5.3 and 5.5 kg, respectively. Steers fed silage had greater (P less than .05) pH and concentrations of ammonia N, isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate in the rumen than in the rumen of those fed hay. Nitrogen supplementation increased (P less than .05) concentrations of total VFA and valerate in the rumen. Digestibility of N and ADF was greater (P less than .05) for silage than for hay, and N supplementation increased digestibility of N. Plasma urea concentrations were greater (P less than .05) for steers fed silage than for those fed hay. These data suggest that feed utilization is better with silage than with hay and is increased by N supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Lennoxville Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Québec.
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Flipot
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001835:Body Weight; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004063:Digestion; D004435:Eating; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D005285:Fermentation; D005396:Fish Products; D005527:Food, Fortified; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D006109:Poaceae; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D012820:Silage; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea; D009584:Nitrogen