title: FLT4 receptor tyrosine kinase contains seven immunoglobulin-like loops and is expressed in multiple human tissues and cell lines.
abstract: The fms-like tyrosine kinase 4 (FLT4) complementary DNA was cloned from a human HEL erythroleukemia cell library by polymerase chain reaction-amplification. We previously reported a partial sequence of FLT4 and showed that the FLT4 gene maps to chromosomal region 5q33-qter (O. Aprelikova, K. Pajusola, J. Partanen, E. Armstrong, R. Alitalo, S. Bailey, J. McMahon, J. Wasmuth, K. Huebner, and K. Alitalo, Cancer Res., 52: 746-748, 1992). Here we present the full-length sequence of the predicted FLT4 protein. The extracellular domain of FLT4 consists of 7 immunoglobulin-like loops, including 12 potential glycosylation sites. On the basis of structural similarities FLT4 and the previously known FLT1 and kinase insert domain-containing receptor tyrosine kinase/fetal liver kinase 1 (KDR/FLK1) receptors constitute a subfamily of class III tyrosine kinases. FLT4 was expressed as 5.8- and 4.5-kilobase mRNAs which were found to differ in their 3' sequences and to be differentially expressed in the HEL and DAMI leukemia cells. Interestingly, a Wilms' tumor cell line, a retinoblastoma cell line, and a nondifferentiated teratocarcinoma cell line expressed FLT4, whereas differentiated teratocarcinoma cells were negative. Most fetal tissues also expressed the FLT4 mRNA, with spleen, brain intermediate zone, and lung showing the highest levels. In in situ hybridization the FLT4 autoradiographic grains decorated bronchial epithelial cells of fetal lung. No evidence was obtained for the expression of FLT4 in the endothelial cells of blood vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pajusola
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aprelikova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korhonen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaipainen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pertovaara
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alitalo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alitalo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D013724:Teratoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D040321:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3
chemical_list: D007136:Immunoglobulins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D004247:DNA; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D040321:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3