title: Host resistance assays as predictive models in styrene immunomodulation.
abstract: Three infection models namely an oncogenic virus Encephalomyocarditis (EMCV), a rodent strain of malaria, Plasmodium berghei, and a rodent hookworm parasite, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, were used to confirm the in vivo immunotoxic potential of styrene reported in our previous communication. The altered host resistance to these challenge infections was evaluated in rodents pre-treated with 0, 0.02, 0.03 or 0.05 x LD50 dose of styrene (5 days/week) for 4 weeks. Significantly increased mortality in mice was observed at the various tested dose levels of styrene when challenged with EMCV. Similarly the results obtained in the malaria infection model indicated increased blood parasitaemia as well as significantly enhanced mortality in styrene-treated animals. Also the rejection of N. brasiliensis was also found to be significantly impaired in animals treated with a higher dose of styrene. These results indicate that the exposure of rodents to styrene can markedly impair host resistance which may have biological significance.
authors.affiliation: Immunotoxicology Laboratory, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, India.
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Dogra
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khanna
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Katiyar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shanker
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004686:Encephalomyocarditis virus; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects*; D008288:Malaria / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000276:immunology; D009559:Nippostrongylus; D010962:Plasmodium berghei; D020058:Styrene; D013343:Styrenes / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D013343:Styrenes; D020058:Styrene