title: Inhibitors of blood platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase. 3. 1,3-Dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one derivatives with enhanced aqueous solubility.
abstract: Two series of 1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-one derivatives incorporating an additional site for acid salt formation were synthesized and evaluated as inhibitors of human blood platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) and ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The objective of this study was to identify compounds that blended potent biological activity with a satisfactory level of aqueous solubility. From a series of 7-aminoimidazo[4,5-b]quinolin-2-ones, biological and physical properties were optimally combined in the 1-piperidinyl derivative 11c. However, this compound offered no significant advantage over earlier studied compounds as an antithrombotic agent in an animal model of small vessel thrombosis. A series of 7-alkoxy alkanoic piperazinamide derivatives, in which the additional basic nitrogen atom was remote from the heterocyclic nucleus and accommodated in a secondary binding region of the cAMP PDE enzyme, demonstrated greater intrinsic cAMP PDE inhibitory activity. Structural modifications of this series focused on variation of the piperazine substituent and side-chain length. The lipophilicity of the N-substituent influenced biological potency and aqueous solubility, with substituents of seven carbon atoms or less generally providing acceptable solubility properties. The N-(cyclohexylmethyl)piperazinamide 21h was identified from this series of compounds as a potent inhibitor of platelet cAMP PDE, IC50 = 0.4 nM, and ADP-induced platelet aggregation, IC50 = 0.51 microM after a 3-min exposure and 0.1 microM after a 15-min exposure of platelet-rich plasma to the drug. Evaluation of 21h and representative analogues in vivo using a rabbit model of small vessel thrombosis revealed significantly greater antithrombotic efficacy compared to that of previously studied compounds with similar intrinsic biological activity measured in vitro but inferior aqueous solubility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Meanwell
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brassard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gamberdella
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gillespie
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015363:Quinolones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D012995:Solubility; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D015363:Quinolones; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases