title: Low-molecular-weight protein-permeable cuprammonium rayon haemofilter.
abstract: Searching for a dialyser membrane with a cut-off similar to that of the human glomerulus, a modified cuprammonium rayon (AM-75-UP) and a polyacrylonitrile (PAN-15-DX) haemofilter were tested in vivo for the ability to eliminate substances of a molecular weight (MW) of 10-65 kilodaltons (kDa). Endogenous marker substances of a defined MW (beta-2-microglobulin 11.8 kDa; retinol binding protein 21 kDa; alpha-1-microglobulin 26.7 kDa; alpha-1-glycoprotein 41 kDa; alpha-1-antitrypsin 54 kDa; albumin 66.3 kDa) were measured by laser nephelometry or immunosorbent assay; sieving coefficients (SC) and protein elimination (PE) per 20 l haemofiltration were calculated for each low-MW protein. The PAN haemofilter shows elimination characteristics comparable to those of earlier tested haemofilters (polysulphone, AN69, cellulose triacetate) with a sharp cut-off in the MW range of 10-15 kDa. The cuprammonium rayon haemofilter is permeable for proteins with a higher MW; especially for alpha-1-microglobulin a relevant removal (SC 0.2; PE 0.56 g/20 l) was established. This membrane has a cut-off more similar to that of the human glomerulus; but far from the demanded quality with a relevant removal of substances in the MW range up to 60 kDa. Calculated albumin loss (2.4 +/- 0.2 g/20 l) seems to be tolerable for stable haemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Deutsche Klinik für Diagnostik, Wiesbaden, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menth
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Röckel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdelhamid
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fiegel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walb
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000368:Aged; D002482:Cellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010539:Permeability; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; C010504:polyacrylonitrile; D002482:Cellulose; C009865:cuprammonium cellulose; C012024:rayon, purified