Spleen necrosis virus, an avian immunosuppressive retrovirus, shares a receptor with the type D simian retroviruses.
The reticuloendotheliosis viruses (REV) are a family of highly related retroviruses isolated from gallinaceous birds. On the basis of sequence comparison and overall genome organization, these viruses are more similar to the mammalian type C retroviruses than to the avian sarcoma/leukemia viruses. The envelope of a member of the REV family, spleen necrosis virus (SNV), is about 50% identical in amino acid sequence to the envelope of the type D simian retroviruses. Although SNV does not productively infect primate or murine cells, the receptor for SNV is present on a variety of human and murine cells. Moreover, interference assays show that the receptor for SNV is the same as the receptor for the type D simian retroviruses. We propose that adaptation of a mammalian type C virus to an avian host provided the REV progenitor.
Kewalramani
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Program in Molecular Medicine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104.
Panganiban
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Emerman
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D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000235:genetics*; D001356:Reticuloendotheliosis virus / Q000235:genetics*; D015301:Retroviruses, Simian / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D014762:Viral Interference
D011991:Receptors, Virus