title: Reduced clonidine rapid eye movement sleep suppression in patients with primary major affective illness.
abstract: Clonidine hydrochloride, administered intravenously (2 micrograms/kg) during the second non-rapid eye movement period, was significantly less suppressant of rapid eye movement sleep in 10 depressed patients with primary major affective illness, according to Research Diagnostic Criteria, than in three groups of matched subjects (10 normal controls, 10 patients with minor depression, and 10 patients with generalized anxiety). These results suggest that depressed patients with major primary affective illness have down-regulated alpha 2-adrenergic receptors. These findings are consistent with the cholinergic-aminergic balance hypothesis of depression and support the aminergic side of the concept. Finally, the rapid eye movement sleep response to clonidine could provide a new biological marker of affective illness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Vincent Van Gogh Hospital, Marchiene-au-Pont, Belgium.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schittecatte
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Machowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Valentin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mendlewicz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilmotte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers; D003000:Clonidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D003000:Clonidine