title: Ways of knowing among beginning students in nursing.
abstract: Twenty-one students in their first quarter of nursing school were interviewed to determine the utility of the typology for ways of knowing developed by Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, and Tarule (1986) for understanding the cognitive development of nursing students; the differences in epistemological perspectives by gender, age, and ethnicity; and the forces in nursing school that encourage developmental transitions. The typology was found to be applicable for Caucasian women and provided important insights on differences among groups of students. Some of the implications for providing supportive educational environments are presented.
authors.affiliation: Parent and Child Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Eyres
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loustau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ersek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001318:Authoritarianism; D003071:Cognition; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D012380:Role; D012649:Self Concept; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012951:Socialization; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D014861:Washington