title: Interleukin 1 beta induces the formation of nitric oxide by beta-cells purified from rodent islets of Langerhans. Evidence for the beta-cell as a source and site of action of nitric oxide.
abstract: Nitric oxide has recently been implicated as the effector molecule that mediates IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and beta-cell specific destruction. The pancreatic islet represents a heterogeneous cell population containing both endocrine cells (beta-[insulin], alpha-]glucagon], gamma[somatostatin], and PP-[polypeptide] secreting cells) and non-endocrine cells (fibroblast, macrophage, endothelial, and dendritic cells). The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the beta-cell, which is selectively destroyed during insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is both a source of IL-1 beta-induced nitric oxide production and also a site of action of this free radical. Pretreatment of beta-cells, purified by FACS with IL-1 beta results in a 40% inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion that is prevented by the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA). IL-1 beta induces the formation of nitric oxide by purified beta-cells as evidenced by the accumulation of cGMP, which is blocked by NMMA. IL-1 beta also induces the accumulation of cGMP by the insulinoma cell line Rin-m5F, and both NMMA as well as the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide prevent this cGMP accumulation. Iron-sulfur proteins appear to be intracellular targets of nitric oxide. IL-1 beta induces the formation of an iron-dinitrosyl complex by Rin-m5F cells indicating that nitric oxide mediates the destruction of iron-sulfur clusters of iron containing enzymes. This is further demonstrated by IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of glucose oxidation by purified beta-cells, mitochondrial aconitase activity of dispersed islet cells, and mitochondrial aconitase activity of Rin-m5F cells, all of which are prevented by NMMA. IL-1 beta does not appear to affect FACS-purified alpha-cell metabolic activity or intracellular cGMP levels, suggesting that IL-1 beta does not exert any effect on alpha-cells. These results demonstrate that the islet beta-cell is a source of IL-1 beta-induced nitric oxide production, and that beta-cell mitochondrial iron-sulfur containing enzymes are one site of action of nitric oxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis 63110.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sweetland
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lancaster
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: McDaniel
mesh_terms: D000154:Aconitate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D007375:Interleukin-1; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D003513:Cycloheximide; D000154:Aconitate Hydratase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D005947:Glucose