title: Transcriptional regulation of cytokine expression by diethyldithiocarbamate in human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells.
abstract: Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) is an investigational agent used to ameliorate chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced myelosuppression. We studied the effects of DDTC on the regulation of hematopoietic cytokine production in human myeloid cells. The results demonstrated that DDTC decreases proliferation of human HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells in a concentration-dependent manner. DDTC treatment also increased interleukin-alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) expression in these cells. Similar findings were obtained in normal human peripheral blood monocytes. Peak induction of these cytokines occurred 6-12 hr after exposure to DDTC; levels returned to those in control cells by 24-48 hr in HL-60 cells. This effect was specific for IL-1 and TNF in that there was no detectable increase in IL-3, macrophage colony-stimulating factor or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor RNA expression. Transcriptional run-on analysis demonstrated that exposure to DDTC increased the rate of TNF gene transcription in HL-60 cells. These data suggest that the myeloprotective effects of DDTC may be mediated, at least in part, by the induction of TNF, IL-1 alpha, and IL-1 beta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Schmalbach
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kufe
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004050:Ditiocarb