title: In vivo labeling of L-type Ca2+ channels by fluorescent dihydropyridines: evidence for a functional, extracellular heparin-binding site.
abstract: We have synthesized and characterized fluorescently labeled dihydropyridines (DHPs) as probes for L-type Ca2+ channels. Racemic as well as (+)- and (-)-1,4-dihydro- 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3,5-pyridinecarboxylic acid 2-(aminoethyl)ethyl ester hydrochlorides were coupled to boron dipyrromethane (Bodipy) derivatives. (4,4-Difluoro-5,7-dimethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza)-3- (s-indacene)propionic acid (DMBodipy)-DHP and (4,4-difluoro-7-styryl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza)-3-(s-indacene+ ++)propionic acid (STBodipy)-DHP have Kd values in the nanomolar range for membrane-bound or partially purified skeletal muscle and for neuronal L-type Ca2+ channels. (-)- and (+)-STBodipy-DHPs block 45Ca2+ uptake through L-type Ca2+ channels into GH3 cells with IC50 values of 14.8 and 562 nM, respectively. The measurement of bound fluorescence after removal of free DMBodipy-DHP with charcoal shows that the probes can substitute for radioactive ligands to study the properties (equilibrium binding, kinetics, allosteric regulation) of partially purified L-type Ca2+ channels from skeletal muscle. L-type Ca2+ channels on GH3 cells were steroselectively visualized by using the optical enantiomers of STBodipy-DHP. Heparin inhibited GH3 cell labeling by (-)-STBodipy-DHP with an IC50 value of 9.7 micrograms/ml and blocked L-type Ca(2+)-channel-mediated 45Ca2+ uptake with an IC50 value of 32 micrograms/ml. These findings argue for an extracellular orientation of the heparin-binding domain of the Ca2+ channel that is coupled to the DHP receptor.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biochemische Pharmakologie, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Knaus
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moshammer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Haugland
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Glossman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016466:CHO Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006493:Heparin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D015220:Calcium Channels; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006493:Heparin; D002118:Calcium