[The architecture of the reflex arc].
The conceptual reflex arc in Helix is composed of identifiable local detectors, command neurons and modulatory neurons. The identification of neurons opens a perspective for identification of single synapses. The plastic changes within the reflex arc can be characterized as non-associative and associative. The non-associative plasticity (habituation and sensitization) is based on the dephosphorylation and phosphorylation of receptor and channel proteins. The associative plasticity (conditioning and extinction) is based on two levels of molecular modifications: the short-term changes underlined by the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of receptor and channel molecules and the long-term changes referred to the expression of genes encoding structural and translocating proteins. The very selective receptor and channel modifications are due to the Hebbian plastic synapse supplemented with the principle of nonspecific (modulating) influences.
Sokolov
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D000818:Animals; D006372:Helix, Snails / Q000502:physiology; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
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