title: Effects of dietary salt on sodium-calcium exchange and ATP-driven calcium pump in arterial smooth muscle of Dahl rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of dietary salt on sodium-calcium exchange and the ATP-driven calcium pump in arterial smooth muscle between Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and salt-resistant (DR) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Aortic rings freshly excised from 16 DS rats and 16 DR rats on a low- (0.3%) or high- (8%) NaCl diet for 4 weeks were superfused with physiological saline and isometric tension was measured. In the presence of 10 mumol/l phentolamine, 10 mumol/l verapamil and 5 mmol/l caffeine, relaxation of a low-Na+ contraction was promoted by external calcium removal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the high-salt diet, the rate of relaxation at 1.2 mmol/l extracellular sodium (calcium extrusion by calcium ATPase) was significantly lower in aortic rings from DS rats than from DR rats. The increase in the rates of relaxation from 1.2 mmol/l to normal (139.2 mmol/l) extracellular sodium (calcium extrusion by sodium-calcium exchange) was significantly greater with the high-salt diet than with the low-salt diet in rings from DR rats, but it was not different between the high- and low-salt diets in DS rats. The rate of increase in tonic tension by reducing extracellular Na+ from normal to 1.2 mmol/l in the presence of verapamil, caffeine and phentolamine (calcium entry by sodium-calcium exchange) was significantly lower in rings from DS rats than in those from DR rats on the high-salt diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggest that the effects of dietary salt on the sodium-calcium exchange system in arterial smooth muscle differ between DS and DR rats and that calcium extrusion by the calcium pump is decreased in DS rats compared with DR rats. The lack of an increase in sodium-calcium exchange in salt-fed DS rats might lead to an elevation in cellular calcium and contribute to the mechanism of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuramochi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omae
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D002110:Caffeine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012964:Sodium; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium