title: Lidocaine unmasks silent demyelinative lesions in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Blockage of a small number of sodium channels may prevent impulse conduction in some demyelinated segments of nerve fibers with low safety factors, thereby unmasking subclinical demyelinative lesions. On the basis of this hypothesis, lidocaine, a sodium channel blocker, was administered intravenously to 28 MS patients and to 19 normal subjects and seven patients with nondemyelinating diseases. As predicted, lidocaine (mean plasma level, 2.7 micrograms/ml) elicited reversible subclinical symptoms in 23 of the MS patients, but it had not effect on the control subjects. We made a quantitative study of the visual functions (visual acuity, color vision, visual evoked potential [VEP]) that were impaired in 15 MS patients. Of the 23 affected eyes, nine showed normal VEPs, indicative of the test's sensitivity to focal lesions. This test should be useful in the diagnosis of MS and in the evaluation of the subclinical activity of MS as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mannen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009431:Neural Conduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015222:Sodium Channels; D008012:Lidocaine