title: Multifactorial regulation of prostaglandin synthesis in preovulatory goldfish ovarian follicles.
abstract: Goldfish preovulatory ovarian follicles (prior to germinal vesicle breakdown) were utilized for studies investigating the actions of activators of different signal transduction pathways on prostaglandin (PG) production. The protein kinase C (PKC) activators phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; 100-400 nM), 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (5 and 25 micrograms/ml), and 1,2-dioctanoylglycerol (10 and 50 micrograms/ml) stimulated PGE production; the inactive phorbol 4 alpha-phorbol didecanoate, which does not activate PKC, had no effect. Calcium ionophore A23187 (0.25-4.0 microM) stimulated PGE production and acted in a synergistic manner with activators of PKC. Although produced in lower amounts than PGE, PGF was stimulated by PMA and A23187. The direct activator of phospholipase A2, melittin (0.1-1.0 microM), stimulated a dose-related increase in PGE production, whereas chloroquine (100 microM), a putative inhibitor of phospholipase A2, blocked basal and PMA + A23187-stimulated PGE production. Several drugs known to elevate intracellular levels of cAMP including the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (0.1-1.0 mM), forskolin (10 microM), and dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP; 5 mM) attenuate PMA + A23187-stimulated PGE production. Melittin-stimulated production of PGE was inhibited by dbcAMP, suggesting that the action of cAMP was distal to the activation of phospholipase A2. In summary, these studies demonstrate that activation of PKC and elevation of intracellular calcium levels stimulate PG production, in part, through activation of phospholipase A2. The adenylate cyclase/cAMP signalling pathway is inhibitory to PG production by goldfish ovarian follicles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van der Kraak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism*; D008555:Melitten / Q000494:pharmacology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism*; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000494:pharmacology; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D011453:Prostaglandins; D005576:Colforsin; D008555:Melitten; D000001:Calcimycin; D003994:Bucladesine; C038237:1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol; D002738:Chloroquine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate