title: Inhibition of protein kinase C results in decreased expression of bovine leukemia virus.
abstract: The in vitro expression of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in short-term cultured bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) is associated with increased spontaneous lymphocyte blastogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether intracellular pathways responsible for antigen- or mitogen-induced lymphocyte blastogenesis were also responsible for induction of BLV expression. The protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-3-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (3-methyl H7) decreased blastogenesis in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation, in unstimulated, lipopolysaccharide-stimulated and phorbol ester (PMA)-stimulated BLV-infected PBMC. Similarly, 3-methyl H7 decreased BLV expression, as measured by production of gp51 envelope antigen or p24gag antigen, in BLV-infected PBMC under the same conditions. Using an RNase protection assay, the inhibition of BLV expression by 3-methyl H7 was shown to be due to decreased transcriptional activity. The cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor N-(2-guanidinoethyl)-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (HA1004) did not inhibit either BLV expression or blastogenesis of BLV-infected bovine PBMC. Additional evidence for the PKC-dependent expression of BLV was obtained by using a persistently BLV-infected B-lymphocyte cell line, NBC-13. Activation of PKC by PMA in NBC-13 cells increased BLV expression. 3-methyl H7 decreased the PMA-induced expression of BLV in NBC-13 cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas HA1004 did not inhibit this expression. These results identify a mechanism for the induction of BLV expression through PKC activation and therefore indicate that latency and replication of BLV is controlled by normal B-lymphocyte intracellular signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523.
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wicks-Beard
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Cockerell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D007938:Leukemia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D001909:Leukemia Virus, Bovine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate