title: Role of the adenylate cyclase, phosphoinositidase C and receptor tyrosyl kinase systems in the control of hepatocyte proliferation by hepatocyte growth factor.
abstract: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the most potent known mitogen for hepatocytes in primary culture. However, the mechanisms through which HGF induces hepatocyte proliferation have not been defined. Here we have investigated the role of the adenylate cyclase, phosphoinositidase C and tyrosine kinase signalling systems in the control of hepatocyte proliferation by HGF using freshly isolated or cultured adult rat hepatocytes. We show that human recombinant HGF caused a dose-dependent increase in hepatocyte DNA synthesis with a maximal effect at 10 ng/mL and an EC50 of 5.9 ng/mL. HGF had no effect on hepatocyte adenylate cyclase activity or intracellular cAMP levels. Elevation of hepatocyte cAMP levels resulted in inhibition of HGF-stimulated DNA synthesis. HGF stimulated inositol phospholipid hydrolysis with a maximal effect at 25 ng/mL and potentiated the effect of vasopressin (10(-8) and 10(-9)M). HGF (100 ng/mL) caused an increase in the phosphorylation on tyrosine of an unknown hepatocyte protein with a molecular mass of 36 kDa. Thus, we have shown that HGF, like epidermal growth factor (EGF), can activate the phosphoinositidase C and tyrosine kinase systems in rat hepatocytes. As with EGF, these intracellular signalling systems may underlie HGF-induced hepatocyte proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Glasgow, U.K.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Marker
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galloway
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: MacSween
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bushfield
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000032:analysis; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006498:Hepatectomy; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D004247:DNA; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; C021491:glycerophosphoinositol glycerophosphodiesterase; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases