Radiation dose as a factor in host preparation for bone marrow transplantation across different genetic barriers.
Engraftment of donor bone marrow in relation to total body irradiation (TBI) dose was studied in syngeneic (B6----B6), MHC-compatible (BALB.B----B6) and MHC-incompatible allogeneic (BALB/c----B6) murine bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models. For each BMT combination radiation dose-response curves were obtained from stable long-term bone-marrow chimerism using Gpi-1 phenotyping and this was compared with the growth of exogenous CFU-S. Syngeneic engraftment required the lowest TBI doses limited to ablation of host haemopoietic stem cells. Resistance against H-2-compatible allogeneic engraftment was evident at low radiation doses (less than 5.5 Gy) but at 6 Gy and above the level of chimerism was comparable to syngeneic transplants, which indicated effective immunosuppression. Higher TBI doses were needed for engraftment as the immunological barrier was increased using fully H-2-incompatible allogeneic transplants. The high TBI dose (9.5 Gy) needed for suppression of spleen endocolonies in the CFU-S assay meant that rejection of exogenous bone marrow was evident only across the larger immunological barriers. When the fully allogeneic combination was reversed (B6----BALB/c) both CFU-S and chimerism data showed less rejection. The steep dose-response relationships show how engraftment is critically dependent on TBI dose, as well as the genetic disparity between donor and host.
Department of Radiobiology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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van Os
A W
AW
Konings
J D
JD
Down
D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D051379:Mice; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation