Factors affecting blood stem cell collections following high-dose cyclophosphamide mobilization in lymphoma, myeloma and solid tumors.
Sixty patients with malignancy were enrolled in a study of high-dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Stem cells were harvested prior to PBSCT using high-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) mobilization (4 or 7 g/m2) with collection of a median of 4.6 x 10(8)/kg mononuclear cells (range 0.2-9.5) and 21.6 x 10(4)/kg colony forming unit-granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) (range 0.1-220). Forty-seven patients were mobilized once, 11 required two cycles and two required three cycles. Eight patients (13%) failed to reach the optimum CFU-GM target (greater than 15 x 10(4)/kg) following CY mobilization. A number of factors identified those patients who were likely to achieve optimum CFU-GM collections with CY mobilization. These included the use of the higher CY mobilization dose, a longer interval from last chemotherapy cycle to mobilization, and a higher premobilization bone marrow CFU-GM level. Patient's age, the degree of bone marrow infiltration, the nature of disease or the number of pre-mobilization chemotherapeutic cycles did not affect the ability to collect optimum CFU-GM numbers. Whilst the mobilization procedure was associated with moderate non-hematologic toxicity, significant hematological morbidity was observed primarily in patients mobilized using the 7 g/m2 dose. Refinements to the protocol, in particular the use of hematopoietic growth factors, are currently under investigation.
Department of Haematology-Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, Australia.
D
D
Kotasek
K M
KM
Shepherd
R E
RE
Sage
B M
BM
Dale
J E
JE
Norman
P
P
Charles
A
A
Gregg
A
A
Pillow
A
A
Bolton
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
D003520:Cyclophosphamide