Combination of GM-CSF and cytosine in myelodysplasia results in improved neutrophil function.
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was given concurrently with low-dose cytosine arabinoside for 3 weeks to patients with myelodysplasia. Neutrophil activation as evidenced by increased chemiluminescence and reduced surface expression of CD16 was consistently seen during therapy. An attendant fall in chemotaxis was also observed. These effects occurred even when neutrophil counts did not rise significantly at lower doses of GM-CSF. Although no improvement in anaemia or thrombocytopenia was observed, the neutrophil counts became normal during therapy without significant expansion of marrow cellularity or colony-forming ability. No major toxicities were observed, even at higher dosages of GM-CSF.
Galvani
D W
DW
Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, UK.
Dang
Y
Y
Watson
F
F
Pumford
D
D
Galazka
A
A
Weiner
J
J
Davies
J M
JM
Cawley
J C
JC
D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D003596:Cytosine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000235:genetics; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003596:Cytosine