A possible mechanism for the increase in brain tyrosine levels induced by cyanide in mice.
Subcutaneous administration of cyanide significantly increased blood tyrosine levels of mice in a dose dependent manner. Tyrosine aminotransferase activity in liver of mice was significantly decreased in the presence of cyanide (8, 10, 20, 40, 50, 65, 80 and 100 microM), also in a concentration-dependent manner, with a positive correlation between the percentage increase of blood tyrosine levels and the percentage decrease of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity. These results suggest that the increased tyrosine levels induced in blood by cyanide may be related to its inhibition of tyrosine aminotransferase activity in the liver. Cyanide decreased hepatic ATP content and increased blood ammonia levels and brain tyrosine in a dose-dependent manner. As it is known that hyperammonaemia increases the uptake of neutral amino acids such as tyrosine into the brain from blood, the mechanism by which tyrosine levels increase in the brain may be based on increases of both tyrosine and ammonia levels in blood.
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Yamamoto
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003486:Cyanides / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000633:toxicity; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D003486:Cyanides; D009243:NAD; D014443:Tyrosine; D000641:Ammonia; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase; D011190:Potassium Cyanide