Comparative inhibition profiles of three non-sedating antihistamines assessed by an extended Lewis model.
Antihistaminic drugs are widely prescribed across a multitude of medical specialties such as Allergy and Dermatology. The potentially serious sedative effect of these valuable agents has previously restricted their full use and the choice of drug has been dictated more by individual patient acceptability than by any laboratory demonstrations of comparative efficacy. Unsurprisingly therefore, there is a trend towards prescribing those newer preparations which leave the central nervous system unclouded. We have studied the most frequently prescribed non-sedating antihistamine preparations, terfenadine (Triludan, Triludan Forte), cetirizine (Zirtek) and loratadine (Clarityn) in pharmacodynamic and relative efficacy trials using a quantifiable and reproducible extension of the classic Lewis model. The results indicate that two preparations, terfenadine 120 mg (Triludan Forte) and cetirizine 10 mg (Zirtek) are superior to their immediate rivals in degree of efficacy and/or speed of action. These results should assist clinicians in the positioning of effective, rapidly acting antihistamines for the symptomatic treatment of immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as urticaria and rhinitis.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, U.K.
L
L
Shall
D A
DA
Thompson
A S
AS
Barkley
L G
LG
Millard
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017332:Cetirizine; D003533:Cyproheptadine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006919:Hydroxyzine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000188:drug therapy; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D017336:Loratadine; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D012882:Skin Tests; D016593:Terfenadine / Q000494:pharmacology
D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D003533:Cyproheptadine; D006919:Hydroxyzine; D017336:Loratadine; D016593:Terfenadine; D017332:Cetirizine