Suppressor cytokines and regulation of myelopoiesis. Biology and possible clinical uses.
A number of biologically active and biochemically well-characterized cytokines have been shown to have either direct or indirect suppressive activities on the proliferation/differentiation of myeloid stem/progenitor cells. This article is a brief review of the actions of some of these molecules. These molecules include H-subunit ferritin, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, the interferons-alpha, -beta, and -gamma, the tumor necrosis factors-alpha and -beta (lymphotoxin), prostaglandins, E1 and E2, inhibin, transforming growth factor-beta, and lactoferrin. I will also review the actions of other suppressor molecules, including a newly identified 8-kd molecule that has not yet been sequenced and a synthetic pentapeptide. Current information is given on the in vitro actions of these molecules together with their activity in vivo in animal models. Possibilities for their clinical use are discussed.
Broxmeyer
H E
HE
Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5121.
D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005293:Ferritins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000502:physiology; D007372:Interferons / Q000502:physiology; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000502:physiology; D011458:Prostaglandins E / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
D016207:Cytokines; D011458:Prostaglandins E; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007265:Inhibins; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors; D005293:Ferritins; D007372:Interferons; D007781:Lactoferrin