Induction of competence to respond to IL-4 by CD4+ T helper type 1 cells requires costimulation.
Rested murine CD4+ Th1 clones do not produce IL-4, but have previously been shown to be capable of responding to IL-4 if they are first activated with Ag and APC. In this study, we have examined the activation requirements for induction of competence to respond to IL-4 in these clones. TCR occupancy alone (given either as chemically fixed APC and Ag, anti-CD3, Con A, or ionomycin and PMA) was inadequate, but the addition of a source of costimulation to any of these stimuli resulted in complete induction of competence to respond to IL-4. Pretreatment of the Th1 clones with TCR occupancy alone induced an anergic state from which subsequent full stimulation with Ag and APC failed to give IL-4 responsiveness. Pretreatment of the cells with IL-2 alone was an inadequate signal to induce IL-4 responsiveness and only a partial response was obtained when TCR occupancy was combined with IL-2. Addition of anti-IL-2 and anti-IL-2R antibodies during full activation with APC and Ag gave a 50% inhibition of competence induction. These results demonstrate that costimulation, in addition to its role in IL-2 production, is an important second signal for inducing T cells to become competent to respond to IL-4.
Chiodetti
L
L
National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Schwartz
R H
RH
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000276:immunology; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D051379:Mice; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*
D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D003208:Concanavalin A; D015847:Interleukin-4; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium