In vitro studies of the antirhinovirus activity of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1.
We studied the in vitro antirhinovirus activity of a soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1). sICAM-1 inhibited the cytopathic effect of 10 representative human rhinovirus (HRV) serotypes of the major receptor group with, 50% effective concentrations (EC50s) of 0.1 to 7.9 micrograms/ml. Cell type-dependent variation in the inhibitory activity of sICAM-1 was observed for two major receptor group serotypes in HeLa cells (EC50, greater than 32 micrograms/ml), and no inhibitory effect was observed for two serotypes which use different cell receptors. Yield reduction assays showed that sICAM-1 inhibited the replication of HRV serotype 39 (HRV-39) in human adenoid explants in a concentration-dependent manner. No direct inactivation of infectivity of HRV-39 (EC50, 0.5 microgram/ml) was observed after incubation with sICAM-1 (32 micrograms/ml) for up to 24 h. Single-cycle-of-replication experiments with the addition of sICAM-1 at 10 micrograms/ml at different times showed that the inhibitory effect occurs only when sICAM-1 is added within 30 min after infection. In experiments in which absorption was carried out at 4 degrees C and then a single cycle of replication incubation was carried out at 33 degrees C, it was found that sICAM-1 at 10 micrograms/ml was inhibitory only when it was present during the absorption period. Our data show that sICAM-1 is inhibitory for representative major receptor group serotypes of HRV in two cell lines and human respiratory epithelium, that the interaction of sICAM-1 with HRV is readily reversible by dilution, and that the inhibitory effect of sICAM-1 on virus replication is present early in the infection cycle.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville 22908.
E
E
Arruda
C E
CE
Crump
S D
SD
Marlin
V J
VJ
Merluzzi
F G
FG
Hayden
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000187:drug effects; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1