Domains 1 and 2 of ICAM-1 are sufficient to bind human rhinoviruses.
The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) receptor was expressed in primary chicken embryo cells using a retroviral vector and shown to specifically bind major group human rhinoviruses (HRVs). A truncated, membrane-bound ICAM-1 protein containing N-terminal domains 1, 2, and 3 retained the ability to bind virus whereas proteins containing domains 1 and 2 or domain 1 were not expressed under these conditions. Soluble forms of ICAM-1 proteins were expressed to circumvent the reduced expression levels of shorter ICAM-1 truncations. Full-length and truncated ICAM-1 molecules containing only domains 1 and 2 were capable of neutralizing HRV binding to cells. Soluble receptors containing only domain 1 could not be recovered. Mutants of ICAM-1 lacking carbohydrate attachment sites were constructed and shown to have no effect on the ability of ICAM-1 to bind HRVs. In addition, ICAM-1 proteins expressed in the presence of tunicamycin also retained their virus binding capability. These data suggest that the N-terminal two domains of ICAM-1 are sufficient for virus interaction and that carbohydrates do not play a major role in virus binding.
Lineberger
D W
DW
Department of Virus and Cell Biology, Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486.
Uncapher
C R
CR
Graham
D J
DJ
Colonno
R J
RJ
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000502:physiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000737:chemistry; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics
D002241:Carbohydrates; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1