Biological activities of Synanceja horrida (stonefish) venom.
Some biological and neurochemical properties of the venom of stonefish (Syanceja horrida) were investigated. The venom exhibited oedema-inducing, haemolytic, hyaluronidase, thrombin-like, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, 5' nucleotidase, acetylcholinesterase, phosphodiesterase, arginine esterase, and arginine amidase activities. Recalcification clotting time, prothrombin, and kaolin-cephalin clotting times were increased 1.7-2.3- and 2.4-fold respectively. The LD50 (i.v. mouse) was 300 micrograms/Kg. Its effects on uptake and stimulation of neurotransmitter synthesis and release were observed in rat brain synaptosomes. In the presence of 100 micrograms venom, uptake of [methyl-3H] choline in rat brain synaptosomes was inhibited 70%, while that of 4-amino-n-[U-14C] butyric acid was inhibited 20%. The toxin also stimulated the release of [3H]-acetylcholine from the synaptosomes.
Khoo
H E
HE
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore.
Yuen
R
R
Poh
C H
CH
Tan
C H
CH
D000818:Animals; D005397:Fish Venoms / Q000633:toxicity*; D005399:Fishes; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D005397:Fish Venoms; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents