Peritonitis in children undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD): data from the Italian Registry of Pediatric CPD.
During the period 1986-1990, 119 patients were enrolled in the Italian Registry of Pediatric CPD. CAPD was largely predominant in the first 3 years, while CCPD accounted for 48% of dialysis months in the period 1989-1990. The connect-disconnect system was a Y set for all patients during the whole observation period. The incidence of peritonitis decreased from 1 episode: 10.9 patient-months in 1986 to 1:19.8 in 1988, and then passed to 1:16.2 in 1990. A comparison of the incidence of peritonitis between CAPD and CCPD, referring to the 1989-1990 period, showed no significant difference. The percentage of positive peritoneal fluid cultures changed from 48% in 1986 to 73% in 1990. Gram-positive bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, accounted for most of the isolated organisms. Candida albicans was cultured in 3 cases both in 1986 and 1987. Exit site infection was the predominant (82%) complication, followed by leakage and catheter cuff extrusion. The hospitalization rate for peritonitis resulted persistently high (61% of episodes) and the mean duration was 12.7 days. Of the 8 patients who were switched to hemodialysis, 4 had recurrent peritonitis and 1 Candida albicans peritonitis.
Nephrology Department, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy.
E
E
Verrina
A
A
Edefonti
S
S
Bassi
F
F
Perfumo
G
G
Zacchello
B
B
Andreetta
D
D
Caringella
G
G
Lavoratti
M
M
Picca
S
S
Rinaldi
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate