Cross-reactive and serotype-specific antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus generated by different regions of the same synthetic peptide.
Synthetic peptides based on the VP1 proteins of two serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and having the general formula C-C-(200-213)-P-P-S-(141-158)-P-C-G induce heterologous as well as homologous protection against challenge. Substitution of the sequence consisting of residues 200 to 213 (200-213 sequence) with a second copy of the homologous 141-158 sequence (i.e., homodimers) resulted in failure of either serotype peptide to protect heterologously. The antiviral and antipeptide titers of sera from guinea pigs immunized with the homodimeric 141-158 peptides showed serotype specificity and, with the data from the heterodimeric peptide vaccines, suggested that the C-terminal 141-158 sequence was more effectively recognized by the immune system than the N-terminal sequence. Whereas heterologous antiviral titers as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and virus neutralization tests have not been observed with sera from cross-protected animals, epitope-mapping studies established that there was heterologous recognition of an octapeptide within the 200-213 sequence. That the 200-213 sequence was required for the induction of heterologous protection was also confirmed with a number of peptides, including hybrids based on the 200-213 sequence of one virus and the 141-158 sequence of a second virus. Thus, peptides of the general formula given above induce serotype-specific and serotype-cross-reactive protective antibodies and are unique in their induction of significant levels of heterologous protection, a property which has never been reported for whole FMDV vaccines.
Pirbright Laboratory, Institute for Animal Health, Woking, Surrey, United Kingdom.
T R
TR
Doel
C M
CM
Doel
R F
RF
Staple
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R
DiMarchi
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D005537:Aphthovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D002213:Capsid / Q000276:immunology*; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000276:immunology; D012703:Serotyping; D014611:Vaccination
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; C442501:VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus