Down-regulation of a member of the S100 gene family in mammary carcinoma cells and reexpression by azadeoxycytidine treatment.
A cDNA clone, designated CaN19 (originally called clone 19), isolated by subtractive hybridization, contains sequences that are preferentially expressed in normal mammary epithelial cells but not in breast tumor cells. Comparison of its deduced amino acid sequence with sequences in the GenBank data base revealed similarity with the S100 protein family, a group of small Ca(2+)-binding modulator proteins involved in cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. CaN19 expression is down-regulated in normal cells by A23187, a calcium ionophore, suggesting that its regulation is calcium-dependent. We have assigned CaN19 to human chromosome 1q21-q24, a region containing four other S100-related genes. In contrast to CaN19 mRNA expression, most members of the S100 protein family are activated or overexpressed in tumor cells. Synchronization experiments by growth-factor deprivation demonstrated a biphasic induction of CaN19 expression in normal cells, approximately 2-fold in early G1 phase and another 2- to 3-fold at the G1/S boundary. Exposure of mammary tumor cells to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methylation, reactivated the expression of CaN19 mRNA.
Division of Cancer Genetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
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Lee
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Tomasetto
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Swisshelm
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Keyomarsi
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Sager
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001940:Breast / Q000502:physiology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000077209:Decitabine; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000187:drug effects; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D015342:DNA Probes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D009418:S100 Proteins; D000001:Calcimycin; D012313:RNA; D000077209:Decitabine; D004247:DNA; D001374:Azacitidine