Enhancement of pentazocine analgesia by clonidine.
Opiate-adrenergic interactions were investigated by studying the effect of the selective alpha 2-adrenergic agonist, clonidine, on the analgesia produced by intravenous placebo and by the predominantly kappa-opiate agonist, pentazocine, in patients with dental postoperative pain. Clonidine did not affect the pain level when administered with intravenous placebo. When administered with pentazocine, clonidine caused a statistically significant increase in pentazocine analgesia. Comparison is made to other opiate-adrenergic interactions and possible mechanisms are discussed.
Departments of Anatomy, Medicine and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Division of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CAUSA Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaiser-Permanente Medical Center, Hayward, CAUSA.
Newton C
NC
Gordon
Philip H
PH
Heller
Jon D
JD
Levine
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000698:Analgesia; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010423:Pentazocine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014081:Tooth Extraction
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D003000:Clonidine; D010423:Pentazocine