Fetal liver pro-B and pre-B lymphocyte clones: expression of lymphoid-specific genes, surface markers, growth requirements, colonization of the bone marrow, and generation of B lymphocytes in vivo and in vitro.
We describe here the development and characterization of the FLS4.1 stromal line derived from 15-day fetal liver of BALB/c embryos and defined culture conditions that efficiently support the cloning and long-term growth of nontransformed B-220+ 14-day fetal liver cells at two stages of B-cell development, namely, pro-B lymphocytes (immunoglobulin [Ig] genes in germ line configuration) and pre-B cells (JH-rearranged genes with both light-chain Ig genes in the germ line state). All B-cell precursor clones require recombinant interleukin-7 (rIL-7) and FLS4.1 stromal cells for continuous growth in culture, but pro-B lymphocyte clones can also proliferate in rIL-3. None proliferate in rIL-1, rIL-2, rIL-4, rIL-5, rIL-6, or leukemia inhibitory factor. FLS4.1 stromal cells synthesize mRNA for Steel factor but not for IL-1 to IL-7; all pro-B and pre-B clones express c-Kit, the receptor for Steel factor, and a c-Kit-specific antibody inhibits the enhanced proliferative response of fetal liver B-220+ B-cell precursors supported by FLS4.1 stromal cells and exogenous rIL-7 but does not affect that promoted by rIL-7 alone. Northern (RNA) blot analysis of the expression of the MB-1, lambda 5, Vpre-B, c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes in pro-B and pre-B clones show that transcription of the MB-1 gene precedes IgH gene rearrangement and RNA synthesis from c mu, RAG-1, RAG-2, lambda 5, and Vpre-B genes. All clones at the pre-B-cell stage synthesize mRNA for c mu, RAG-1, and RAG-2 genes; transcription of the lambda 5 and Vpre-B genes seems to start after D-to-JH rearrangement in B-cell precursors, indicating that the proteins encoded by either gene are not required for B-cell progenitors to undergo D-to-JH gene rearrangement. These findings mark transcription of the MB-1 gene as one of the earliest molecular events in commitment to develop along the B-lymphocyte pathway. Indeed, both pro-B and pre-B clones can generate in vitro and in vivo B lymphocytes but not T lymphocytes; moreover, these clones do not express the CD3-gamma T-cell-specific gene, nor do they have rearranged gamma, delta, or beta T-cell antigen receptor genes.
Palacios
R
R
Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
Samaridis
J
J
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002999:Clone Cells; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I / Q000235:genetics; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II / Q000235:genetics; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology
D015850:Interleukin-6; D015851:Interleukin-7; D011994:Recombinant Proteins