Immobilization of mink (Mustela vison) with medetomidine-ketamine and remobilization with atipamezole.
Four groups of mink were immobilized with medetomidine-HCl (MED) 0.1 mg/kg + ketamine (KET) 5 or 7.5 mg/kg at different ambient temperatures. The induction time, degree of immobilization and analgesia, rectal temperature, heart and respiration rates were recorded at intervals throughout the immobilization period. The animals were then given atipamezole-HCl (ATI) 0.5 mg/kg for reversal at different times after injection of MED/KET and the effects of the antagonist were evaluated. Subcutaneous administration of MED/KET induced complete immobilization in all 20 animals, and the highest dose was considered suitable for major surgery. Prolonged immobilization at low ambient temperatures (-10 to +5 degrees C) caused severe hypothermia in all animals. The mean rectal temperature had dropped to 37.8 degrees C and 32.1 degrees C at 15 and 85 min, respectively, after injection of MED/KET, significantly lower than the corresponding values for animals immobilized at room temperature. Intramuscular administration of ATI 20 or 40 min after injection of MED/KET rapidly remobilized the animals without apparent side-effects. Administration of ATI to animals recovering spontaneously 90 min after injection of MED/KET induced thermogenesis (shivering) in animals immobilized at a low ambient temperature, while no such effect was seen in animals immobilized at room temperature. One hour after injection of ATI, the rectal temperatures of all treated animals had returned to normal and there were no signs of abnormal behaviour.
Centre of Veterinary Medicine, Tromsø, Norway.
J M
JM
Arnemo
N E
NE
Søli
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001767:Blinking / Q000187:drug effects; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007103:Immobilization / Q000502:physiology; D007649:Ketamine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020926:Medetomidine; D008907:Mink / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D007093:Imidazoles; C050701:atipamezole; D007649:Ketamine; D020926:Medetomidine