[Affective disorders. Drug treatment and electroconvulsive therapy].
Optimal treatment of mood disorders and prevention of suicide requires biological and psychosocial methods, therapeutic alliance and psycho-education. In moderate unipolar depression an antidepressant may be sufficient, if necessary potentiated by another antidepressant or triiodothyronine. In moderate bipolar depression lithium or carbamazepine are preferred. In severe unipolar and bipolar depression the combination of an antidepressant and lithium (or carbamazepine) or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is indicated, in psychotic depression neuroleptics, too. Non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are the most potent antidepressants. Moderate acute mania and mixed state may respond to lithium, carbamazepine or valproate only. In severe cases a neuroleptic and lithium are combined, or these drugs may be combined with carbamazepine or valproate. Electroconvulsive therapy is preferable in acute mixed states with marked confusion or depression. In chronic mixed state and rapid cycling, withdrawal of antidepressants and neuroleptics should be tried. Most patients will need a combination of lithium and carbamazepine or valproate. Added to these drugs, antidepressants are less risky. Adding thyroxin may stabilize rapid cycling. The combination of lithium and an antidepressant is the most potent prophylaxis in unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder dominated by depression.
Psykiatrisk klinikk, Sentralsjukehuset i Sogn og Fjordane, Førde.
P
P
Bergsholm
E W
EW
Martinsen
N
N
Svoen
T
T
Olsen
F
F
Holsten
D
D
Neckelmann
T F
TF
Aarre
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D000092864:Suicide Prevention
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents
Affektive lidelser. Medikamentell behandling og elektrokonvulsiv terapi.