D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors synergistically activate rotation and c-fos expression in the dopamine-depleted striatum in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Selective agonists for D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors can interact synergistically to enhance each other's actions on locomotion and behavior in experimental animals. Clinically, the combination of the D2 agonist bromocriptine with L-dopa (which has pronounced D1 effects) is a highly effective treatment for Parkinson's disease. The mechanisms underlying this important receptor interaction are poorly understood and are the subject of intense study in vitro. In rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway, D1-selective (but not D2-selective) dopamine agonists produce a marked increase in expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos in the striatum ipsilateral to the 6-OHDA lesion. In the experiments reported here, we have used this in vivo model to explore the possibility that combinations of D1-selective and D2-selective agonists might have effects on c-fos transcription that are different from those exhibited by D1 or D2 agonists administered alone. We examined the effects of the D1-selective agonist SKF-38393 and the D2-selective agonist quinpirole (LY 171555) on the expression of Fos-like protein and c-fos mRNA in the caudoputamen and made parallel behavioral observations in the same animals. A low dose of SKF-38393 produced little contraversive rotation and little induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the striatum. A low dose of quinpirole elicited contralateral rotation but little or no induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the caudoputamen; there was, however, induction of Fos in the globus pallidus ipsilateral to the 6-OHDA lesion. Combination of the low dose of SKF-38393 and quinpirole produced a synergistic effect on rotation and elicited, in the dopamine-depleted caudoputamen, a striking pattern of Fos-like protein expression in which Fos-positive neurons were concentrated in striosomes and in the dorsolateral caudoputamen. Northern blot analysis showed that c-fos mRNA was expressed following combined agonist treatment but was not detectable after the single-agonist treatments. Both the contraversive rotation and the induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity were blocked by the preadministration of the D1-preferring antagonist SCH-23390 and the D2-selective antagonist raclopride in combination. Pretreatment with the glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 also blocked the induction of Fos-like immunoreactivity, and it reversed the rotation. These findings suggest a D1/D2 synergistic mechanism that involves the participation of D1-responsive striatonigral and D2-responsive striatopallidal output pathways, and that is sensitive to glutamatergic modulation.
Paul
M L
ML
Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Graybiel
A M
AM
David
J C
JC
Robertson
H A
HA
D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004873:Ergolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism*; D019257:Quinpirole; D051381:Rats; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000502:physiology*; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000502:physiology*
D001552:Benzazepines; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D004873:Ergolines; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D019257:Quinpirole; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D016627:Oxidopamine; D004298:Dopamine