Role of neutrophils and CD4+ T lymphocytes in the primary and memory response to nonimmunogenic murine mammary adenocarcinoma made immunogenic by IL-2 gene.
TS/A is a spontaneous adenocarcinoma, apparently not immunogenic in BALB/cnAnCr mice. TS/A cells are unable to stimulate a syngeneic antitumor response either in vitro or in vivo. To evaluate the immunogenic potential of IL-2-releasing neoplastic cells, we used an expression vector to introduce the cDNA coding for murine IL-2 into TS/A cells. Six clones releasing between 30 and 6800 U of IL-2/10(5) cells/ml/48 h have been isolated. Both low (30 U, B1.30) and high (6000 U, B4.6000) IL-2-releasing clone are capable of stimulating a proliferative and cytotoxic response in syngeneic cultures. While the B1.30 clone grows in 60% of syngeneic mice with a delayed pattern, the five clones that release higher levels of IL-2 are promptly rejected. Rejection is associated with neutrophil infiltration, the intensity of which is directly proportional to the amount of IL-2 released. NK cells and CD4+ lymphocytes are uninfluential, whereas CD8+ lymphocytes play only a minor role. This neutrophil-dominated rejection leaves a long-lasting, tumor-specific, T lymphocyte-mediated immune memory. For its induction, CD4+ lymphocytes are required. Their specific activation appears to depend on both the amount of IL-2 released and the granulocyte-mediated reaction that may lead to a more efficient presentation of tumor-associated Ag. These data support the notion that, after transduction of IL-2 gene, cancer cells may elicit an immune antitumor response, and stress the potential use of IL-2 as a component of new tumor vaccines.
Cavallo
F
F
Institute of Microbiology, University of Turin, Italy.
Giovarelli
M
M
Gulino
A
A
Vacca
A
A
Stoppacciaro
A
A
Modesti
A
A
Forni
G
G
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D014162:Transfection
D007376:Interleukin-2