Acute and long-term effects on myocardial ischemia of intermittent and continuous transdermal nitrate therapy in stable angina.
The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of continuous and intermittent transdermal nitrate therapy using ambulatory electrocardiographic (Holter) monitoring. Eighty-five patients with stable angina pectoris and positive exercise test results participated during their concomitant antiischemic medication in a randomized open trial lasting 12 weeks. After a 3-week run-in period with continuous therapy (10 mg/24 hours), patients were randomized to either continuous- or intermittent-therapy groups. In the intermittent-therapy group the patients removed their patch at night (the mean patch-off period was 10 hours). Forty-eight-hour Holter monitoring was performed in each patient after randomization, and again after 2 and 12 weeks. Eighteen patients withdrew, 9 in each group. A total of 11,194 hours of electrocardiography were recorded and 607 ischemic episodes were detected, of which 79% were asymptomatic and 95% appeared during daytime. The number of ischemic episodes per 48 hours with intermittent therapy was 3.1 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SEM) after randomization, 1.8 +/- 0.4 at 2 weeks and 2.0 +/- 0.6 at 12 weeks. With continuous therapy the respective numbers were 3.8 +/- 1.1, 3.5 +/- 0.9 and 4.2 +/- 1.2. The differences were not statistically significant because a large number of patients (30%) had no ischemic episodes on Holter recording. However, when examining 47 patients with episodes during the study, the number of episodes was significantly reduced in the intermittent-therapy group (p less than 0.05 at 12 weeks). The changes in asymptomatic and symptomatic episodes were concordant. No changes and differences between the treatment groups were seen in nighttime episodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Juhani Knuuti
M
M
Department of Clinical Physiology, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland.
Wahl
M
M
Wiklund
I
I
Smith
P
P
Alhainen
L
L
Härkönen
R
R
Puska
P
P
Tzivoni
D
D
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000286:Administration, Sublingual; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013997:Time Factors
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009566:Nitrates