title: Ifosfamide plus etoposide in newly diagnosed Ewing's sarcoma of bone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the activity of ifosfamide plus etoposide against newly diagnosed Ewing's sarcoma of bone by administering this drug pair before standard induction therapy (the upfront window approach).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six children and adolescents with newly diagnosed, previously untreated Ewing's sarcoma of bone were enrolled onto this pilot study (EW-87). Eighteen were at a higher risk of treatment failure, with a primary tumor size of more than 8 cm or metastases at diagnosis. Window therapy with ifosfamide (1.6 g/m2/d with mesna uroprotection) and etoposide (100 mg/m2/d) was given in three 5-day cycles at 21-day intervals. Responses were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Subsequent induction therapy comprised three cycles of cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin. Radiation therapy was the primary local control modality; surgery was limited to biopsy or resection of expendable bones. After the local control phase, alternating courses of vincristine plus dactinomycin, ifosfamide plus etoposide, and cyclophosphamide plus doxorubicin were given as maintenance therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were four complete responses and 21 partial responses to ifosfamide/etoposide window therapy (overall response rate 96%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 80% to 99%). Disease progression was observed in four patients during the cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin phase. Chemotherapy was well tolerated; only 16% (20 of 125) of all ifosfamide/etoposide window and maintenance cycles resulted in hospitalization for fever and neutropenia. Two patients developed chemotherapy-induced cystitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of ifosfamide and etoposide is highly active against previously untreated Ewing's sarcoma and generally is well tolerated. The ultimate impact of these two agents on outcome will be determined in randomized multicenter studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology-Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101-0318.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kun
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marina
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roberson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parham
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Pratt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D007069:Ifosfamide