title: Rotavirus-specific breast milk antibody in two populations and possible correlates of interference with rhesus rotavirus vaccine seroconversion.
abstract: Milk was collected from 56 New York and 70 Venezuelan mothers participating in Rhesus rotavirus (RRV) pediatric vaccine trials. Plaque reduction neutralization antibody (PRNA) to RRV (VP7:3, VP4:RRV) and human P rotavirus (VP7:3, VP4:P) and epitope-blocking antibody to one RRV VP4 and VP7 epitope were determined. Controlling for postpartum age, more Venezuelan milk samples had detectable RRV and P PRNA, RRV VP4 epitope-blocking antibody (P less than or equal to .001), and higher RRV and P PRNA geometric mean titers (P = .01) than New York samples. Using a logistic regression model, both milk and infants' serum preimmunization RRV PRNA titers had a negative effect on seroconversion (P = .008 and .02, respectively). Only 25% (2/8) infants fed milk containing greater than or equal to 1:160 RRV PRNA seroconverted compared with 83% (5/6) fed milk containing less than 1:160 RRV PRNA (P = .1). Of milk samples containing greater than or equal to 1:160 RRV PRNA, seven (88%) of eight had greater than fourfold neutralizing activity against RRV versus P (P = .035), suggesting that VP4-specific milk antibodies may interfere with RRV seroconversion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Rimer
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pichichero
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Losonsky
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination; D014687:Venezuela / Q000453:epidemiology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D014765:Viral Vaccines