title: Role of myocardial ATP-sensitive potassium channels in mediating preconditioning in the dog heart and their possible interaction with adenosine A1-receptors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A brief period of myocardial ischemia can result in an increased resistance to subsequent, more severe episodes of ischemia. Recent studies have indicated that activation of adenosine A1-receptors may mediate this preconditioning effect. It is also known that A1-activation can lead to ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) opening via a G(i) protein-mediated effect. Thus, we determined whether the KATP blocker glyburide could abolish preconditioning or the protective effects of A1-receptor activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anesthetized dogs were subjected to 5 minutes of left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) occlusion (or sham) followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion. The hearts were then subjected to 60 minutes of LCx occlusion and 5 hours of reperfusion. Glyburide (5 micrograms/kg/min) or vehicle was given directly into the LCx 20 minutes before preconditioning or sham preconditioning. Preconditioning resulted in a significantly reduced infarct size compared with nonpreconditioned animals. Glyburide abolished the protective effect of preconditioning. To establish a link between KATP and A1-receptor activation, the effect of the A1-agonist R-PIA with or without glyburide on infarct size was determined. R-PIA (0.4 microgram/kg/min, directly into the LCx) significantly reduced infarct size, and this protective effect was abolished by glyburide. None of the treatments described above had a significant effect on peripheral hemodynamic status or myocardial blood flow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preconditioning may be mediated by KATP activation, and this may be linked to A1-receptor stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, NJ 08543-4000.
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Sleph
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dzwonczyk
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010660:Phenylisopropyladenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D058914:Purinergic Antagonists; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015221:Potassium Channels; D058914:Purinergic Antagonists; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic; D010660:Phenylisopropyladenosine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate