title: Recovery of rat alveolar macrophages by bronchoalveolar lavage under normal and activated conditions.
abstract: When rat (female Wistar) lungs were lavaged (bronchoalveolar lavage, BAL) six times with physiological saline, approximately the same number of alveolar macrophages (AM) were found in the first and second BAL, whereas in the third fourth, fifth, and sixth BAL, the number of AM decreased exponentially. Morphometric counting of the number of AM in histological sections of lung tissue showed that only 14% of the AM population had been recovered by BAL. Although additives to the BAL fluid such as lidocaine and/or fetal calf serum increased the AM count in the first washing considerably, the total number of AM washed out remained unaltered. Addition of the phagocytosis stimulant zymosan increased the AM count in BAL by a factor of more than 2. On stimulation of the lungs with an inert dust (silicon carbide), the AM count in the BAL and the lung was only slightly increased 8 weeks after intratracheal instillation. In contrast, after exposure to fibrogenic and cytotoxic quartz, the AM count in BAL and lung was significantly increased, and the recovery of AM had also increased by a factor of approximately 2. The experiments show that it is the micromilieu of the alveoli and the condition of the AM (certain physiological activation states, such as phagocytic activity) that essentially determine the degree of recovery.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Hygiene und Arbeitsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum, Gesamthochschule Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rehn
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hobusch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology; D002244:Carbon / Q000009:adverse effects; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D008012:Lidocaine; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology; D011791:Quartz / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D012825:Silicon / Q000009:adverse effects; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D011791:Quartz; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D002244:Carbon; D015054:Zymosan; D008012:Lidocaine; C022088:silicon carbide; D012825:Silicon