title: The focal facial dermal dysplasias: report of a kindred and a proposed new classification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The focal facial dermal dysplasias (FFDD) are a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by congenital bilateral scarlike facial lesions, with or without associated facial anomalies. The cases have been reported under various names; thus the nosology is confusing and unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our purposes were to report our kindred, clearly delineate the various types of FFDD reported, and propose a new simplified classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical and histologic changes were examined and genealogy determined for our kindred. The medical literature was reviewed and the reported cases reexamined and categorized according to their clinical features and inheritance patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We determined that there are three distinct varieties of FFDD: type I, autosomal dominant FFDD; type II, autosomal recessive FFDD; and type III, FFDD with other facial features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose a new classification and provide evidence for three distinct varieties of FFDD: type I, autosomal dominant FFDD; type II, autosomal recessive FFDD; and type III, FFDD with other facial features (Setleis syndrome). Our kindred represents type II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fenske
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004476:Ectodermal Dysplasia / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D004547:Elastic Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000473:pathology; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000145:classification / Q000151:congenital* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D006197:Hair / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D017496:Hypopigmentation / Q000151:congenital / Q000235:genetics; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male