title: Effect of epithelium removal and of enkephalin inhibition on the bronchoconstrictor response to three endothelins of the human isolated bronchus.
abstract: The three endothelins ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 induced a potent contractile response in the human isolated bronchus with an intact epithelium, which proceeded on two different stages. The first stage was observed at low concentrations (high potency) (10(-12) to 10(-9) M) but corresponded to a low intrinsic activity (Emax maximal effect induced by ACh 10(-3) M), the second stage appeared at higher concentrations and corresponded to higher intrinsic activity. The rank order of potency for the two stages of contractile activity was ET-1 greater than ET-2 = ET-3. Removal of the epithelium significantly enhanced the two stages of the contractile responses to the three endothelins and abolished the differences in potency efficacy that were observed between ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 when the epithelium was present. Phosphoramidon (10(-5) M), an enkephalinase inhibitor, was as potent as epithelium removal in enhancing the contractile responses to these agonists at low concentrations (first stage of contraction, 10(-16) to 10(-9) M). However, with high concentrations of endothelins (greater than 10(-9) M, second stage of contraction), phosphoramidon was less potent than epithelium removal in enhancing the contractile responses. In epithelium-denuded strips, preincubation with phosphoramidon did not further increase the maximal contractions induced by/or the potencies of ET-1, ET-2 or ET-3. After epithelium removal, responses to low doses of endothelins were attenuated by nicardipine (10(-6) M) whereas responses to high doses of the endothelins were not affected, as was also observed when the epithelium was present. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
authors.affiliation: Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Candenas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Naline
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarria
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Advenier
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016232:Endothelins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000502:physiology; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D015260:Neprilysin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016232:Endothelins; D006020:Glycopeptides; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D009529:Nicardipine; D015260:Neprilysin; C008890:phosphoramidon