Detection of a human intracisternal retroviral particle associated with CD4+ T-cell deficiency.
A number of non-human-immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) type 1 disorders are associated with CD4+ T-cell deficiency and dysfunction. However, the etiopathogenesis of CD4+ T-cell immunodeficiency in these disease states remains unclear. Human intracisternal retroviral (HICRV) particles were detected in a lymphoblastoid cell line exposed to mononuclear cells from a patient with severe CD4+ T-cell deficiency without risk factors for HIV infection. Ultrastructurally, the HICRV is distinct from HIV-1, HIV-2, human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type I, and HTLV-II. Supernatants of activated mononuclear cells showed significant reverse transcriptase activity that was predominantly Mn2+ dependent. The patient's mononuclear cells were negative for HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II proviruses as demonstrated by the lack of amplification by PCR. Also, the patient's serum was negative for antibodies to HIV-1, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II and for HIV-1 p24 antigen; however, serum was positive for antibodies against the HICRV as demonstrated by Western blot. Similar HICRV particles were detected in a lymphoblastoid cell line exposed to mononuclear cells from the patient's daughter, who showed CD4+ T-cell dysfunction. The HICRV may be associated with CD4+ T-cell immunodeficiency and dysfunction in patients without risk for HIV-1, HIV-2, HTLV-I, and HTLV-II.
Gupta
S
S
Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Ribak
C E
CE
Gollapudi
S
S
Kim
C H
CH
Salahuddin
S Z
SZ
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology; D000368:Aged; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007426:Genes, Intracisternal A-Particle; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*
D015704:CD4 Antigens; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase