title: Immunization coverage in India for areas served by the Integrated Child Development Services programme. The Integrated Child Development Services Consultants.
abstract: The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme was launched by the Indian government in October 1975 to provide a package of health, nutrition and informal educational services to mothers and children. In 1988 we studied the impact of ICDS on the immunization coverage of children aged 12-24 months and of mothers of infants in 19 rural, 8 tribal, and 9 urban ICDS projects that had been operational for more than 5 years. Complete coverage with BCG, diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) and poliomyelitis vaccines was recorded for 65%, 63%, and 64% of children, respectively, in the ICDS population. By comparison, the coverage in the non-ICDS group was only 22% for BCG, 28% for DPT, and 27% for poliomyelitis. Complete immunization with tetanus toxoid was recorded for 68% of the mothers in the ICDS group and for 40% in the non-ICDS group. Coverage was greater in the urban and lower in the tribal projects. Scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, backward communities, and minorities (groups that have a high priority for social services) had immunization coverages in ICDS projects that were similar to those of higher castes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Child Development, Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gandhi
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D011247:Pregnancy; D012424:Rural Population; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012923:Social Class; D014505:Urban Population