title: Detection and quantitation in rat tissues of the superparamagnetic magnetic resonance contrast agent dextran magnetite as demonstrated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The compound studies in this article is a superparamagnetic macromolecular complex of magnetite cores coated with hydrophilic dextran, which is under active investigation as a contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in liver and spleen. The biodistribution of paramagnetic compounds is problematic and is usually studied by histochemical reactions or by radiolabeling the compound under study. The purpose of this article is to show how electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy detects dextran magnetite (DM) particles in tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  DM injected intravenously in the experimental animal was detected in some reticulo-endothelial organs by ESR. The spectroscopic study was validated using electron microscopy and electron-probe microanalysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DM exhibits an ESR spectrum; ESR delineated the distribution of DM distribution in liver, spleen, bone marrow, and blood as a function of time. The blood clearance was biphasic, dependent on the size of particles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESR spectroscopy is a highly sensitive and reproducible method of studying DM distribution.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Patologia Generale, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iannone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomasi
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Magin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casasco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calligaro
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vannini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007501:Iron / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010087:Oxides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D010087:Oxides; D007501:Iron; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide