title: Transient hyperthyroidism and hyperemesis gravidarum: clinical aspects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objectives were to describe the presentation and course of hyperemesis gravidarum with respect to thyroid function and to test the hypothesis that patients with biochemical hyperthyroidism differ in clinical presentation from euthyroid hyperemesis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-seven patients seen at Los Angeles County Women's Hospital over a 10-month period with hyperemesis gravidarum were studied prospectively with respect to thyroid function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four patients (66%) had biochemical hyperthyroidism (increased free thyroxine index [n = 39] or suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone [n = 40]) that was self-limited, resolving by 18 weeks' gestation. Hyperthyroid patients were more likely than euthyroid patients to have abnormal electrolyte levels (23/39 [59%] vs 6/28 [21%] and increased liver enzyme levels (23/59 [59%] vs 5/28 [18%], p less than 0.01). The severity of hyperemesis was found to vary directly with the degree of hyperthyroidism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperthyroidism is a common, self-limited finding in hyperemesis. The cause of the hyperthyroidism may be linked to the cause of hyperemesis itself.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Southern California.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montoro
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mestman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000150:complications*; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D000637:Transaminases; D000681:Amylases; D013974:Thyroxine