title: Acute sporadic hepatitis E in children living in Cairo, Egypt.
abstract: Seventy-three pediatric patients with acute hepatitis and 19 control patients without liver disease living in Cairo, Egypt, were evaluated with a newly developed Western blot assay for IgM antibody to hepatitis E virus (IgM anti-HEV). The mean age of acute hepatitis patients was 6.4 years (range, 1-13 years); 56% were male. Among the 73 acute cases, hepatitis A was diagnosed in 30 (41%), possible acute hepatitis B in three (4%), hepatitis E in nine (12%), and by exclusion, non-A, non-B hepatitis in 29 (40%). Two additional acute cases were positive for both IgM anti-HAV and IgM anti-HEV. None of the 19 control subjects had IgM anti-HEV. Parenteral risk factors were associated with cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis but were not associated with acute hepatitis E. Contact with a family member with jaundice was associated with acute hepatitis A. In contrast to prior epidemics of enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis, HEV was found to be a common cause of acute hepatitis in a pediatric population. This study provides additional evidence that HEV may be a frequent cause of acute sporadic hepatitis among children living in some developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Division, U.S. Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Hyams
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Purdy
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Watts
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000453:epidemiology; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D007075:Immunoglobulin M