title: Synthesis and excitatory amino acid pharmacology of a series of heterocyclic-fused quinoxalinones and quinazolinones.
abstract: As part of our program aimed at the development of potent excitatory amino acid antagonists, we synthesized and evaluated a series of substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones, 4, tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-ones, 5, and pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-ones, 6, and an imidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one, 7. In general, the same heterocycles which demonstrated the best affinity for the AMPA receptor also demonstrated the best affinity for the glycine site on the NMDA receptor complex. 1-Propyl-7,8-dichloro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one, 4d, was found to bind with the greatest affinity to the AMPA receptor with an IC50 of 0.83 microM and antagonized 40 microM AMPA-induced depolarization in the cortical slice preparation with an IC50 of 44 microM. 7,8-Dichloro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one, 4a, and 7,8-dichloroimidazo[1,2-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-one, 7, possessed the best affinity for the glycine site with IC50 values of 0.63 and 1.26 microM, respectively. It is noteworthy that the SAR for the heterocyclic compounds did not directly parallel that of known quinoxalinediones (e.g. DNQX, 2, and DCQX, 15) at the AMPA receptor nor that of the kynurenic acids at the glycine site on the NMDA receptor complex.
authors.affiliation: CNS Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McQuaid
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: South
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Mitch
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Schoepp
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: True
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Calligaro
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: O'Malley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lodge
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Ornstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005998:Glycine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007051:Ibotenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid
chemical_list: D011799:Quinazolines; D011810:Quinoxalines; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D007051:Ibotenic Acid; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D005998:Glycine