title: Malignant lymphoma and leukemia with prominent ulceration: clinicopathologic correlation of 33 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical and pathologic findings in patients with malignant lymphomas who presented with prominent cutaneous ulcers are described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to determine the histologic findings, type, and prognosis of lymphomas with cutaneous ulcers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients (20 with cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, 10 with other non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and 3 with leukemia) were retrospectively studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients had a poor prognosis; 23 died within 9 months after the onset of the ulcers. Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma had a worse prognosis, had a higher incidence of systemic involvement, and more often had ulcers as an initial manifestation of lymphoma than did the patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. The histopathologic findings ranged from a nonspecific inflammatory infiltrate to ulcers with marked adjacent epidermal epidermotropism to ulcers with an angiocentric infiltrate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A variety of lymphomas may cause cutaneous ulceration. Adequate sampling of these ulcers is necessary for diagnosis. The average life expectancy after ulcer formation is 21 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905.
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Helm
authors.forename: W P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kurtin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000473:pathology*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology; D016400:Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic / Q000473:pathology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000473:pathology*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000473:pathology*