title: Minimizing TE in moment-nulled or flow-encoded two- and three-dimensional gradient-echo imaging.
abstract: A method for minimizing field-echo delay in moment-nulled gradient-echo imaging is presented. Even though ramps are accounted for, the analysis yields simple closed-form solutions. The method is then generalized to the section-select waveform for three-dimensional volume imaging and to flow encoding for phase-contrast imaging. Three strategies for first-moment selection in phase-contrast imaging are discussed, including a new strategy that always yields the minimum echo delay. Trapezoidal and triangular gradient lobe shapes are analyzed.
authors.affiliation: Applied Science Laboratory, GE Medical Systems, Waukesha, WI 53188.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimakawa
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Pelc
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical