title: Design of polymerase chain reaction primers for the selective amplification of HIV-1 RNA in the presence of HIV-1 DNA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a sensitive method for the specific detection of HIV-1 RNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following reverse transcription, the presence of HIV-1 RNA can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Since specific detection of HIV-1 RNA may be complicated by contamination with minute quantities of HIV-1 DNA, samples are treated with deoxyribonuclease (DNase) prior to analysis. This additional step increases the possibility of RNA degradation and sample contamination.
  
  
  METHODS
  A primer, HG141, was designed to hybridize to the poly(A) tract present in HIV-1 genomic and all HIV-1 messenger (m) RNA with its 5' end and to the region upstream of the poly(A) tract with its 3' end. The increased stability of the HG141 primer/HIV-1 RNA or complementary (c) DNA complex, enabled PCR amplification to be performed with HG141 and the return primer HG62 at an annealing temperature above the melting temperature (Tm) of the primer-HIV-1 DNA complex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After reverse transcription of samples obtained from HIV-1-infected H9 cells, HG62/141-primed PCR amplification specifically detected HIV-1 RNA sequences without the need for DNAase pre-treatment. This technique was more sensitive for the detection of HIV-1 RNA than SK38/39-primed PCR amplification of DNase-treated samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since the presence of HIV-1 RNA is indicative of HIV-1 replication for the presence of HIV-1 virions, the RNA-specific primer described should facilitate the assessment of HIV-1 replication and the plasma HIV-1 viral load in HIV-1-infected individuals. This should prove useful in the evaluation of the effects of therapeutic interventions on HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kollmann
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rubinstein
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral