title: Thrombocytosis in patients with tumors producing colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: We investigated the cause of thrombocytosis in 14 patients with tumors producing colony-stimulating factor (CSF). Of the 14 patients, 10 had tumors producing granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF) and 4 had tumors producing granulocyte-macrophage--CSF (GM-CSF). Thrombocytosis of greater than 400 x 10(9)/L was noted in 8 of 10 patients with G-CSF-producing tumors and all 4 patients with GM-CSF-producing tumors. Median peak platelet counts were, respectively, 511 x 10(9)/L (range, 384 to 694 x 10(9)/L) and 579 x 10(9)/L (range, 526 to 910 x 10(9)/L) in patients with tumors producing G-CSF and GM-CSF. In most patients, thrombocytosis declined towards the terminal stage. High interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 levels were found in addition to CSFs in the plasma or culture supernatants of tumor cells obtained from most patients. In patients with GM-CSF-producing tumors, these specimens had megakaryocyte-CSF (Meg-CSF) activity, which was abolished by anti-GM-CSF antibody. These specimens also had megakaryocyte potentiating (Meg-Pot) activity attributable to both GM-CSF and IL-6. In patients with G-CSF-producing tumors, only Meg-Pot activity due to IL-6 was detected. These results indicate that the thrombocytosis in GM-CSF-producing tumors was caused by both the Meg-CSF activity of GM-CSF and the Meg-Pot activity of IL-6 plus GM-CSF, while that in G-CSF-producing tumors was due to the Meg-Pot activity of IL-6.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuyuoka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008533:Megakaryocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000090204:Mesothelin; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013922:Thrombocytosis / Q000150:complications*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000090204:Mesothelin