title: Effects of endotoxin in mice bearing solid metastasizing tumors and treated with lysozyme hydrochloride.
abstract: The effects of the i.v. administration of endotoxin (6.25-50 micrograms/mouse on day 13 after tumor implantation) in mice treated orally with lysozyme hydrochloride (100 mg/kg on days 5-12 from tumor implantation) were examined using Lewis lung carcinoma in the C57Bl mouse and MCa mammary carcinoma of CBA mice. On primary tumor growth, endotoxin alone causes a dose-dependent and statistically significant reduction with a nadir on day +2 from endotoxin treatment. Combined with lysozyme, endotoxin causes an effect independent of the dose used, corresponding to the effect caused by endotoxin alone at the dose of 25 micrograms/mouse. No tumor regression was recorded in any of the treated groups. Endotoxin is virtually devoid of effects at the metastatic level. In the same conditions, lysozyme causes a reduction of primary tumor growth and a more pronounced inhibition of lung metastasis formation as expected from its already reported effects. The antitumor activity of endotoxin, unlike lysozyme, can be ascribed to tumor hemorrhagic necrosis due to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production, as determined in tumor homogenates. Endotoxin does not increase the antitumor effects in mice treated with lysozyme, as expected from the data obtained with the more immunogenic SA1 sarcoma, although lysozyme increased the mitogenic response to ConA of ex vivo isolated splenocytes, in vitro cultured in the presence of IL-2.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, C & D Callerio Foundation, University of Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sava
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pacor
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nardon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dobrina
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009113:Muramidase / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009113:Muramidase