title: Chromium supplementation in impaired glucose tolerance of elderly: effects on blood glucose, plasma insulin, C-peptide and lipid levels.
abstract: Altogether twenty-six elderly subjects (aged 65-74 years) with persistent impaired glucose tolerance (World Health Organization (1985) criteria) identified in a population-based study, were randomly treated either with chromium-rich yeast (160 micrograms Cr/d) or with placebo for 6 months. The 24 h urinary Cr increased from 0.13 (SE 0.03) to 0.40 (SE 0.06) micrograms/d in the Cr group (n 13) but no change was found in the placebo group (n 11) (0.13 (SE 0.02) v. 0.11 (SE 0.02) micrograms/d). No significant change was observed in the oral glucose tolerance test (glucose dose 75 g; 0, 1 and 2 h blood glucose respectively): 5.3 (SE 0.1), 9.3 (SE 0.3), 8.2 (SE 0.3) mmol/l v. 5.0 (SE 0.1), 8.5 (SE 0.4), 7.3(SE 0.5) mmol/l in the Cr group; 4.9 (SE 0.2), 9.2 (SE 0.6), 8.1 (SE 0.3) mmol/l v. 4.8 (SE 0.2), 8.5 (SE 0.5), 7.0 (SE 0.6) mmol/l in the placebo group (baseline v. 6 months). Glycosylated haemoglobin, plasma insulin, C-peptide and apolipoprotein A1 and B levels remained unchanged, and no improvement was seen in serum total cholesterol (6.2 (SE 0.3) v. 6.4 (SE 0.3) mmol/l for the Cr group, 6.2 (SE 0.4) v. 6.5 (SE 0.3) mmol/l for the placebo group), high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (1.1 (SE 0.1) v. 1.2 (SE 0.1) mmol/l for the Cr group, 1.0 (SE 0.1) v. 1.1 (SE 0.1) mmol/l for the placebo group) or triacylglycerols (2.5 (SE 0.4) v. 2.0 (SE 0.4) mmol/l for the Cr group, 2.4 (SE 0.2) v. 2.5 (SE 0.2) mmol/l for the placebo group). The present results indicate that Cr supplementation does not improve glucose tolerance or serum lipid levels in elderly subjects with stable impaired glucose tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Uusitupa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mykkänen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Siitonen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sarlund
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kolehmainen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Räsänen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumpulainen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pyörälä
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D002857:Chromium