title: Autoimmune neutropenia following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.
abstract: The differential diagnosis of unexpected neutropenia following bone marrow transplantation includes several potentially life-threatening complications including graft rejection, overwhelming infection, relapse of the underlying neoplasm, and intrinsic graft failure. However, a number of recent reports document that the differential diagnosis also includes autoimmune neutropenia, which, although potentially life-threatening, often responds well to corticosteroids or splenectomy. Autoimmune neutropenia has been reported following both autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Herein we report a 31-year-old woman who developed a rapidly falling neutrophil count 11 days following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A laboratory evaluation supported a diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia, and the neutropenia resolved following treatment with steroids and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Temple University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Klumpp
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Schnell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mullaney
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Mangan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000601:surgery; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor