title: Phase I and II study of high-dose ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide with autologous bone marrow rescue in lymphomas and solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-dose chemotherapy produces durable disease-free remissions in a minority of patients with resistant lymphomas and solid tumors. In an attempt to improve on the available regimens, ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) were selected for a new high-dose regimen because of their favorable spectrum of nonhematopoietic toxicity and evidence of synergy in in vitro systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients with drug-resistant Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and breast and testicular cancers were entered onto a phase I and II trial of a single course of ICE with autologous bone marrow rescue. Before transplantation, all patients received combination chemotherapy until maximal tumor response was achieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients received total doses of ifosfamide from 10 to 18 g/m2, carboplatin from 0.9 to 1.98 g/m2, and etoposide from 0.6 to 1.5 g/m2 administered during a 4-day period, with a maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of ifosfamide 16 g/m2, carboplatin 1.8 g/m2, and etoposide 1.5 g/m2. The dose-limiting toxicities included irreversible renal, cardiac, and CNS dysfunction. There were three toxic deaths (7%), and all occurred above the MTD. Thirteen patients who were treated at the MTD tolerated the regimen well; reversible renal dysfunction and grade 2 mucositis commonly were observed. Of 23 heavily pretreated patients with persistent disease at the time of transplant, 10 (43%) achieved complete remissions (CRs) and 11 (48%) achieved partial remissions (PRs). Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients who were treated at or below the MTD had a median potential follow-up of 11.9 months, and 12-month progression-free survivals of 62% and 48%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-dose ICE with bone marrow rescue was well tolerated with a high response rate, and should be considered for further testing.
authors.affiliation: Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cottler-Fox
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goldspiel
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Wittes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D016190:Carboplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide