title: Selective suppression of growth factor-induced cell cycle gene expression by Na+/H+ antiport inhibitors.
abstract: Activation of Na+/H+ exchange activity is a ubiquitous response to growth factors and has been implicated in the mitogenic response. Little is known of how the antiport influences events in the nucleus which ultimately control the cell cycle. Using potent Na+/H+ exchange inhibitors we show for normal mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages that this activity is required for the colony-stimulating factor-1-induced gene expression of the M1 and M2 subunits of ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme critical for DNA synthesis. Suppression of M1 and M2 mRNA levels occurred when the inhibitors were added up to 8 h after the growth factor, mirroring their ability to prevent entry into S phase at similar times. Antiport activity was not required for the induction of other genes associated with cell cycle progression including proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the G1 cyclin, CYL1. These results highlight the differential expression of various cell cycle-associated genes and demonstrates that non-coordinate regulation of CYL1 cyclin and DNA synthesis gene expression can occur. The selective dependence of ribonucleotide reductase subunit gene expression on Na+/H+ exchange activity may provide a biochemical basis for the requirement of persistent antiporter activity during G1 for subsequent entry into S phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vairo
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Cocks
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cragoe
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D000584:Amiloride / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016213:Cyclins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C057360:5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride; C039465:5-dimethylamiloride; D012313:RNA; D000584:Amiloride; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D004247:DNA