title: Characterization of endoplasmic reticulum by co-localization of BiP and dicarbocyanine dyes.
abstract: The original concept of endoplasmic reticulum derived from the observation of a reticular network in cultured fibroblasts by electron microscopy of whole cells. It was previously reported that the fluorescent dye, DiOC6(3), stains a similar network as well as mitochondria and other organelles in living cells. Here, we investigate the significance of the structures labeled by DiO6(3) in CV-1 cells, a monkey epithelial cell line. First, we show that the network stained in living CV-1 cells is preserved by glutaraldehyde fixation and then we co-label it with an antibody against BiP (immunoglobulin binding protein), a protein commonly accepted to be present in the endoplasmic reticulum. Anti-BiP labeled the same network as that labeled by DiOC6(3), so this network now is identified as being part of the endoplasmic reticulum. DiOC6(3) labels many other membrane compartments in addition to the endoplasmic reticulum. This, along with its lipophilic properties, suggests that DiOC6(3) stains all intracellular membranes. However, the extensive reticular network in the thin peripheral regions of cultured cells is easily distinguished from these other membranes. Thus, staining by DiOC6(3) is a useful method for localizing the endoplasmic reticulum, particularly in thin peripheral regions of cultured cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurobiology, NINDS, NIH, Betheda, MD 20892.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Reese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004705:Endocytosis; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006651:Histocytochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012235:Rhodamines; C007392:3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine