title: Who will relapse? Symptoms of nicotine dependence predict long-term relapse after smoking cessation.
abstract: Results of a prospective examination (N = 618) of factors associated with smoking relapse are reported. At 1-year follow-up, a modified version of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire (Dependence Index; DI) and a measure of craving entered the logistic model (odds ratio of 2.7 [p less than .001]). At Year 2, only the DI entered the model (odds ratio of 2.2 [p less than .001]). The ability of signal detection analysis (SDA) to produce clinically useful decision rules was also examined. At Year 1, SDA produced 1 subgroup with a 25% nonrelapse rate and another with a 9% nonrelapse rate (odds ratio of 3.4 [p less than .001]). At Year 2, SDA produced 1 subgroup with a nonrelapse rate of 19% and another with a nonrelapse rate of 7% (odds ratio of 3.0 [p less than .001]). The use of signal detection methods may help clinicians to identify those at greater or lesser risk of relapse.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Killen
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Fortmann
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varady
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine