title: Etiologic and pathogenetic study of mental retardation with multiple congenital anomalies.
abstract: Etiology and pathogenesis of MCA/MR in 1,023 patients (618 male; 405 female) with mental retardation were studied. Of 1,023 patients, there were 563 cases (317 male; 246 female) with MCA (55%). Among the MCA patients, there were 303 (156 male; 147 female) whose primary etiology was clarified (53.8%). Among the 260 patients with MCA/MR of unknown etiology, there were 23 with recognizable syndromes of unknown etiology and 7 previously reported by us as possibly having a new malformation syndrome. We had 569 patients with mental retardation of unknown etiology including 263 (41.5%) who were involved with MCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohdo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D025063:Chromosome Disorders; D015897:Comorbidity; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree