title: (2'-5')Oligoadenylate and intracellular immunity against retrovirus infection.
abstract: 1. The double-stranded RNA-dependent 2',5'-oligoadenylate (2-5A) synthetase/ribonuclease L (RNase L) system plays an essential role in the establishment of the antiviral state of a cell exposed to virus infection. 2. Until recently, the application of 2-5A derivatives to reinforce this system seemed to be limited mainly due to the low specificity of RNase L for viral RNA. 3. Two new strategies have been developed which yield a selective antiviral effect of 2-5As at least against human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection: (i) an "intracellular immunization" approach using 2-5A synthetase cDNA linked to HIV trans-acting response element (TAR) and (ii) inhibition of retroviral reverse transcriptase activity by 2-5A analogues.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Angewandte Molekularbiologie Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Fed. Rep. Germany.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Suhadolnik
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pfleiderer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charubala
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism; D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D009843:Oligoribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012192:Retroviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009843:Oligoribonucleotides; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; C023505:2',5'-oligoadenylate; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase