title: Fetal T-lymphocyte subpopulations in normal pregnancies.
abstract: Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations were measured, using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter, in fetal blood samples obtained either by cordocentesis (n = 118) or at elective caesarean section (n = 14). Both the numbers and percentages of the total T lymphocytes (CD3+) and T-helper lymphocytes (CD4+) increased exponentially with gestation from respective means of 46% (1.15 x 10(9)/l) and 29% (0.70 x 10(9)/l) at 16 weeks to a plateau of 75% (3.11 x 10(9)/l) and 54% (2.10 x 10(9)/l) at 34 weeks. Similarly, the number of suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+) increased linearly with gestation from a mean of 22% (0.55 x 10(9)/l) at 16 weeks to 24% (0.96 x 10(9)/l) at 40 weeks; there were no natural cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3+CD56+) in any of the fetal blood samples. The helper-to-suppressor T lymphocyte ratio (CD4/CD8) increased exponentially with gestation from a mean of 1.22 at 16 weeks to 2.57 at 28 weeks. The alterations in T lymphocyte subpopulations were accompanied by changes in the expression of CD45RA, L-selectin, CD25 and HLA-DR. These alterations in T lymphocyte subpopulations with gestation reflect the pattern of maturation and development of the fetal cell-mediated immune system.
authors.affiliation: Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thilaganathan
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mansur
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nicolaides
mesh_terms: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D011247:Pregnancy; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte