title: Perioperative effects of oral ketorolac and acetaminophen in children undergoing bilateral myringotomy.
abstract: Prophylactic administration of analgesics before surgery can decrease the intraoperative anaesthetic requirement and decrease pain during the early postoperative period. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 90 healthy ASA physical status I or II children undergoing bilateral myringotomy, we compared the postoperative analgesic effects of oral acetaminophen and ketorolac, when administered 30 min before induction of anaesthesia. Patients were randomized to receive saline (0.1 ml.kg-1), acetaminophen (10 mg.kg-1) or ketorolac (1 mg.kg-1) diluted in cherry syrup to a total volume of 5 ml. Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with halothane and nitrous oxide via a face mask. Postoperative pain was assessed by a blinded observer using an objective pain scale. The three study groups were similar with respect to demographic data, duration of anaesthesia and surgery, induction behaviour, oxygen saturation, incidence of postoperative emesis and, recovery times. The ketorolac group had lower postoperative pain scores and required less frequent analgesic therapy in the early postoperative period compared with the acetaminophen and placebo groups. In contrast, there were no differences in pain scores or analgesic requirements between the acetaminophen and the placebo groups. We conclude that the preoperative administration of oral ketorolac, but not acetaminophen, provided better postoperative pain control than placebo in children undergoing bilateral myringotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Watcha
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Ruiz
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Lagueruela
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Terkonda
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D011300:Preoperative Care; D014046:Tolmetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014325:Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D014325:Tromethamine; D000082:Acetaminophen; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; D014046:Tolmetin