title: Duplex and colour flow sonography in the diagnosis of post-biopsy arteriovenous fistulae in the transplant kidney.
abstract: Arteriovenous fistulae are a common sequel to percutaneous biopsy of the transplant kidney. The majority close spontaneously, but a proportion progress and may require embolization or surgical closure. They are characterized by a very pulsatile (arterialized) venous flow. The arteries sometimes demonstrate a low resistive index and/or high velocities, but normal values may be encountered. On colour flow Doppler the most characteristic appearance is a mosaic of colour due to a combination of tissue vibration and turbulence.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Wales, College of Medicine, Cardiff.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Renowden
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blethyn
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Cochlin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography