title: Modulation of protein kinase C-epsilon by phorbol esters in the monoblastoid U937 cell.
abstract: Expression of protein kinase C-epsilon was examined in the human monoblastoid U937 cell. This cell type contained the alpha, beta, and epsilon isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC). While PKC-epsilon content was slightly higher in the cytosolic than in the particulate fraction, the amount contained in the particulate fraction was higher than the alpha and beta isoforms which were predominantly localized to the cytosol. After an acute exposure to tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA), PKC-epsilon translocated to the particulate fraction. Acute or chronic exposure to ionomycin did not alter content of the epsilon isoform. Longer exposures to TPA decreased PKC-epsilon in both cellular fractions. PKC-epsilon displayed a similar sensitivity to TPA-induced down-regulation as did PKC-beta while PKC-alpha was more resistant to this effect. After a 72-h exposure to 0.1 nM TPA, increases in the alpha and beta isoforms but not in PKC-epsilon were observed. However, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and dibutyryl cyclic AMP which induce U937 differentiation enhanced PKC-epsilon expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, East Carolina University, School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4354.
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Ways
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: T O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Garris
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D010703:Phorbol Esters; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate