title: Directly acting geno- and cytotoxic agents from a wild mushroom Dermocybe sanguinea.
abstract: The wild mushroom, Dermocybe sanguinea, contains several anthraquinone pigments, of which emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is quantitatively the most important. In our preliminary tests, Dermocybe sanguinea extracts were genotoxic without metabolic activation. The ethanol extract of Dermocybe sanguinea was fractionated by flash chromatography, and the emodin contents of the fractions were determined by HPLC. Their genotoxicities were assayed using a bacterial repair assay and sister-chromatid exchange analysis. The cytotoxicity of the fractions was assayed with mouse hepatoma cells using growth inhibition as the endpoint. The results of the biological tests were compared with those obtained with pure emodin. It was concluded that, in addition to emodin, Dermocybe sanguinea contains several other geno- and cytotoxic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Wright
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Raatikainen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taipale
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kärenlampi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mäki-Paakkanen
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006224:Cricetinae; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D004642:Emodin / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D004642:Emodin