title: Animal models for chemoprevention of respiratory cancer.
abstract: Of the several models for lung carcinogenesis, two appear appropriate for chemoprevention studies based upon dose response, tumor type, and tumor localization. One model utilizes the direct-acting carcinogen methylnitrosourea (MNU), and the other utilizes a carcinogen (diethylnitrosamine) requiring metabolic activation. Tumors appear rapidly in both models (within 6 months), and the model systems are responsive to modulation by several classes of potential chemopreventive agents. For example, the retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide reduces the incidence of lung adenosquamous carcinoma, but retinol or beta-carotene are ineffective when administered alone. However, concomitant administration of these compounds reduces the incidence of non-neoplastic dysplasias as well as adenosquamous carcinomas of the lung. In the MNU system, retinoids in general have been ineffective in reducing the incidence of tracheobronchial squamous-cell carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: IIT Research Institute, Life Sciences Research, Chicago, Ill.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Detrisac
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kelloff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006224:Cricetinae; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008647:Mesocricetus; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D012176:Retinoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D012176:Retinoids; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D008770:Methylnitrosourea