title: Computed tomographic enhancement of the liver, liver abscesses, spleen, and major vessels with perfluorooctylbromide emulsion. Influence of dosage and injection velocity in an animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Computed tomographic (CT) enhancement of the liver, liver abscess, spleen, and major vessels was investigated between 2 and 48 hours after intravenous administration of perfluorooctylbromide (PFOB emulsion) in an animal model of 63 rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one animals received 3 g/kg PFOB as a fast bolus injection. Using a slow infusion rate, the same number of animals received either the same dose (3 g/kg) or half the dose (1.5 g/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vascular enhancement was best after bolus injection of 3 g/kg emulsion. The density peak occurred after 2 hours. A continuous enhancement of approximately 100 Hounsfield units (HU) was observed up to 24 hours in the animals receiving 3 g/kg, independent of the injection velocity. A density peak of 70 HU was found 2 hours after the infusion of 1.5 g/kg. The density peak of the liver, the spleen, and the abscess wall was observed 48 hours after emulsion administration in all groups receiving 3 g/kg. The peak was approximately 150 HU for the liver, 400 HU for the spleen, and 150 HU for the abscess wall. In animals receiving only 1.5 g/kg perflubron, the peak density of the abscess wall was 132 HU after 12 hours, approximately 80 HU for the liver between 2 and 48 hours, and approximately 280 HU after 48 hours for the spleen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PFOB emulsion produces the highest vascular enhancement within the first 2 hours after the bolus injection of 3 g/kg. For spleen and abscess wall imaging, even the relatively low dose of 1.5 g/kg produced a satisfactory enhancement level for a significant length of time, whereas liver enhancement was best after administration of the higher dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Technology, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schiffer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Görtz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prescher
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scherer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004655:Emulsions; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008100:Liver Abscess / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011817:Rabbits; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004655:Emulsions; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C003072:perflubron