The effects of parental immunoreactivity on pregnancy, birth, and cognitive development: maternal immune attack on the fetus?
The effects of parental immunoreactivity were tested in two ways on questionnaire data collected from 468 children and their families. (1) It was found that the presence of learning difficulties in boys was associated with pregnancy and birth complications, as well as with maternal immunoreactivity. Paternal immunoreactivity did not appear to be related to any of the variables in question. (2) The antecedent brother effect, that children, particularly males, with older brothers have higher rates of the same set of variables, was not found. Maternal immunoreactivity emerges as a risk factor for pregnancy, birth, and cognitive development, but not exclusively by the proposed mechanism of maternal immune attack on the fetus.
Crawford
S G
SG
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary.
Kaplan
B J
BJ
Kinsbourne
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007360:Intelligence / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors