title: In vivo effect of interleukin-1 alpha on hematopoiesis: role of colony-stimulating factor receptor modulation.
abstract: To determine the mechanism(s) by which interleukin-1 (IL-1) promotes granulopoiesis in vivo, we examined the effect of in vivo administration of IL-1 alpha on colony-stimulating factor (CSF) receptor expression on bone marrow cells (BMCs) and whether this directly correlated with progenitor cell responsiveness. Administration of IL-1 alpha to mice induced the upregulation of both granulocyte-macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF) and IL-3 receptors, which reached a maximum 24 hours after IL-1 alpha injection on unfractionated BMCs. This upregulation was more pronounced on the progenitor-enriched cell population (lineage-negative [Lin(-)]). The enhanced GM-CSF and IL-3 receptor expression directly correlated with enhanced IL-3- or GM-CSF-induced growth of colony-forming unit-culture (CFU-c) or CFU-mixture (CFU-Mix; colonies containing macrophages, granulocytes, and erythroid cells). In addition, the absolute number of high proliferative potential-colony-forming cells (HPP-CFC) was increased fivefold. In contrast, granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF)-specific binding on unfractionated BMCs was rapidly (4 hours) reduced after IL-1 alpha administration and returned to control levels by 24 hours. This reduction correlated with IL-1 alpha-induced margination of mature granulocytes (RBC-8C5hi cells), which express high levels of G-CSF receptors. IL-1 alpha treatment did not affect G-CSF receptor expression on Lin- cells. Pretreatment of mice with anti-type I IL-1 receptor antibody blocked the IL-1 alpha-induced upregulation of GM-CSF and IL-3 receptor expression on BMCs. Taken together, as one possible mechanism, IL-1 alpha in vivo may stimulate the expression of functional GM-CSF and IL-3 receptors on BMCs indirectly, and, in concert with the induction of circulating CSF levels, may account for the ability of IL-1 alpha to stimulate hematopoiesis in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Biological Response Modifiers, Program Resources, Inc/DynCorp, Inc, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702-1201.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hestdal
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: F W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Ruscetti
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chizzonite
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002455:Cell Division; D015672:Erythroid Precursor Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016185:Receptors, Interleukin-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D007377:Interleukin-3; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016185:Receptors, Interleukin-3; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor