title: Clinical and ultrastructural analysis of failures in chemonucleolysis.
abstract: A series of 12 patients with failed chemonucleolysis were analyzed to determine the various causes of such failures. The ultrastructural findings observed in laminectomy specimens did not account for the failure in the enzyme treatment. The findings suggested deficient cellular nutrition secondary to enzymatic histolysis of the nucleus pulposus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrández
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Usabiaga
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dominguez
mesh_terms: D002917:Chymopapain / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007404:Intervertebral Disc Chemolysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002917:Chymopapain