title: Prodrugs of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (DDI): improved oral bioavailability via hydrophobic esters.
abstract: Five ester prodrugs of 2'3'-dideoxyinosine (DDI) were synthesized for the purpose of improving oral bioavailability. The prodrugs, acetate (C2-DDI), octanoate (C8-DDI), stearate (C18-DDI), benzoate (Bz-DDI), and hemisuccinate (Suc-DDI) were proved to quantitatively regenerate their parent drug by enzymatic hydrolysis. Though the chemical stability of the prodrugs under acidic conditions was not improved, their solubility in water was significantly decreased by esterification, except for Suc-DDI. Bioavailability was evaluated by oral administration to rats. Two hydrophobic prodrugs (C8-DDI and Bz-DDI) showed higher absolute bioavailability (23.5% and 31.0%, respectively) than did DDI (15.2%), though that of C2-DDI (11.5%) and Suc-DDI (4.5%) was poor.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Juni
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saneyoshi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D016049:Didanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004952:Esters / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D011355:Prodrugs; D016049:Didanosine