title: Epidural anaesthesia for caesarean section in an achondroplastic dwarf.
abstract: This report describes the anaesthetic management of an 18-yr-old achondroplastic dwarf who presented for elective Caesarean section. Epidural anaesthesia was performed without technical difficulty using 8 ml carbonated lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:200,000. Although the skeletal abnormalities of achondroplasia have been cited as contraindications to the use of epidural anaesthesia, clinical experience does not support this contention. Previous reports have described technical difficulties in these patients, such as dural puncture and inability to advance the catheter into the epidural space, but no serious complications resulted and epidural anaesthesia was successful on subsequent attempts. The existing literature on the anaesthetic management of achondroplasia for Caesarean section is reviewed and considerations are presented concerning the choice of local anaesthetic, the epidural test dose, and dose titration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carstoniu
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000130:Achondroplasia; D000293:Adolescent; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004392:Dwarfism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications