title: Determination of 2-isopropoxyphenol in urine by capillary gas chromatography and mass-selective detection.
abstract: An analytical method for the assessment of the exposure of workers to the pesticide propoxur through biological monitoring has been developed. This study was part of a survey of occupational exposure to pesticides used in greenhouses for the growing of ornamental plants. In order to assess the actual absorbed amount of propoxur in the body, an analytical method for its metabolite 2-isopropoxyphenol in urine was required. This led to the development of a gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay involving hydrolysis and solvent extraction. A mass-selective detector, operated in single-ion mode, provides a selective and sensitive quantification of 2-isopropoxyphenol with a detection limit of 6 micrograms/l. The method has been validated with respect to the hydrolysis of urine samples, analytical recovery of 2-isopropoxyphenol, stability of its conjugates, limit of detection, background and precision. The analytical recovery from spiked urine was over 95%. 2-Isopropoxyphenol was excreted in urine as a conjugate and was stable for at least seven months when stored at -20 degrees C. It was not detected in urine from non-exposed persons. Between-day coefficients of variation were 20, 10, 7 and 4% for concentrations of 15, 29, 150 and 213 micrograms/l, respectively. Measured as 2-isopropoxyphenol, ca. 80% of an orally administered dose of propoxur was excreted in urine within 10 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Toxicology, TNO Medical Biological Laboratory, Rijswijk, Netherlands.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Leenheers
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: van Breugel
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ravensberg
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Meuling
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jongen
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000652:urine*; D001074:Propoxur / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D010647:Phenyl Ethers; C022025:2-isopropoxyphenol; D001074:Propoxur