title: Paradoxical decrease in cytosolic calcium with increasing depolarization by potassium in guinea-pig mesotubarium smooth muscle.
abstract: The free intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured simultaneously with isometric force in strips of guinea-pig mesotubarium using the Fura-2 technique. [Ca2+]i and force were maximal at a relatively low (30 mM) concentration of extracellular K+ ([K+]o), and declined at 90 and 140 mM K+. Plateau values of both [Ca2+]i and force were higher in the presence of 5.10(-6) M ryanodine, indicating that the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) contributes to the decline with depolarization. Force and [Ca2+]i at 90 mM K+ were both lower then the high-K+ solution was applied after a period in 30 mM K+ than after a period in normal solution (5.9 mM K+), consistent with inactivation of Ca2+ channels during prolonged depolarization. Addition of carbachol to the depolarized muscle caused a maintained increase in force without maintained increase in [Ca2+]i. We conclude that the decrease in force at increased [K+]o (the "calcium-potassium paradox") is due to a membrane-potential-mediated decrease in [Ca2+]i and, to a lesser extent, to desensitization of the contractile-regulatory apparatus to Ca2+.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lydrup
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Himpens
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Droogmans
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hellstrand
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Somlyo
mesh_terms: D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D011188:Potassium / Q000502:physiology*; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012433:Ryanodine; D001498:3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium